US3831380A - Hot-gas engine - Google Patents

Hot-gas engine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3831380A
US3831380A US00319542A US31954272A US3831380A US 3831380 A US3831380 A US 3831380A US 00319542 A US00319542 A US 00319542A US 31954272 A US31954272 A US 31954272A US 3831380 A US3831380 A US 3831380A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
heater
housing
pipes
assembly
hot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00319542A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
A Nederlof
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
Original Assignee
US Philips Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3831380A publication Critical patent/US3831380A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/055—Heaters or coolers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hot-gas engine provided with a heater which comprises at least one row of pipes arranged in the form of a cylinder about a space for combustion gases and which extend mainly parallel to the cylinder axis.
  • the heater has a free end supporting a burner device provided with a chamber for air and fuel. This chamber is bounded on its side which is remote from the heater by a fuel atomizing device comprising an atomizer which debouches into said chamber, the fuel atomizing device being passed to the outside through a wall of a housing enveloping the heater and the burner device.
  • Hot-gas engines of the relevant prior art are known as appears from FIG. 1 of British Patent Specification No. 892,962 and from FIG. 13 of the article Der Philips Stirlingmotor (MTZ-Motortechnische Zeitschrift 29, No. 7, July I968); however these known hot-gas engines have some drawbacks.
  • the heater pipes During operation of the engine, the heater pipes reach a high operating temperature of 700C or higher. Consequently, the heater pipes exhibit a substantial thermal expansion, with the result that the pipe length is substantially increased.
  • the length increase of the heater pipes, i.e., in the axial direction of the cylinder formed by the pipes is much greater than that of the housing enveloping the heater and that of the preheater which is usually arranged around the heater inside the housing. In the preheater combustion air is preheated by the combustion gases discharged from the engine, these combustion gases having previously transferred most of their heat to the heater pipes.
  • a further drawback of the known hot-gas engines is that the mounting and removal of the burner device and the atomizer device can be effected only after removal of the pre-heater. This makes mounting and disassembly time-consuming, and hence expensive.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a hot-gas engine of the kind set forth in which the said drawbacks are simply eliminated.
  • the hot-gas engine according to the invention is characterized in that the fuel atomizing device forms one rigid assembly with the burner device, the assembly being displaceable with respect to the housing in the axial direction of the heater and being capable of following length variations of the heater which are caused by temperature variations, at least one flexible seal being provided between the housing and the assembly.
  • the assembly of the burner device and the fuel atomizer device bearing thereon will move freely along with the heater with respect to the enveloping housing and the pre-heater which have a smaller absolute thermal expansion. Consequently, no material stresses occur between the heater with the assembly of the burner device and the fuel atomizing device on the one side, and the housing, with or without pre-heater, on the other side.
  • the atomizer always remains in the same position with respect to the burner device.
  • the assembly of the burner device and the fuel atomizing device can be readily slid into and out of the housing, without removal of the pre-heater being necessary.
  • the flexible seal can readily follow the relative movement of the assembly and the housing, the sealing action also ensuring that the overpressure under which the combustion air is applied to the engine is not lost.
  • the combustion gases can overcome the flow resistance encountered on their way to the outlets. The combustion gases will thus flowto the atmosphere without further aids being required.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are partial elevation views in section which show diagrammatically and not to scale, two embodiments of the heating system of a hot-gas engine.
  • the reference 1 in FIG. 1 denotes a cylinder in which a piston 2 and a displacer 3 can move at a phase difference with respect to each other.
  • the piston 2 and the displacer 3 are connected, by means of piston rod 4 and a displacer rod 5, respectively, to a drive system not shown.
  • a compression space 6 which communicates, via a cooler 7, a regenerator 8 and a heater 9, with an expansion space 10 above the displacer.
  • the heater 9 is formed by a row of pipes which are arranged in a circle about a space 11 for combustion gases.
  • the heater 9 consists of a number of first pipes 12 which open into the regenerator 8 on the one side, and
  • the heater 9 supports a burner device 17 having a combustion chamber 18 which is bounded on its upper side by a fuel atomizing device 19.
  • the fuel atomizing device 19 comprises an atomizer 20 which opens into combustion chamber 18.
  • a fuel inlet 21 and an inlet 22 for atomizing air open into atomizer 20.
  • Combustion chamber 18 is provided with inlet openings 23 for air. Burner device 17 and fuel atomizing device 19 together form one rigid assembly 24.
  • the hot-gas engine is furthermore provided with a housing 25 which envelops the heater 9 and also the greater part of the assembly 24.
  • Housing 25 comprises an inlet 26 for combustion air and an an outlet 27 for combustion gases.
  • a heat-exchanger 28 Situated inside the housing 25 is a heat-exchanger 28, the pre-heater, which is arranged about the heater 9, and in which combustion gases can transfer heat, on their way to outlet 27, to combustion air which enters via inlet 26.
  • the combustion air takes up heat from combustion gases as a result of a heat-exchange in counter flow with these combustion gases which rise in exhaust ducts 32.
  • the combustion gases, formed in combustion chamber 18, reach the inlet 33 of the exhaust ducts 32 via space 11 and after having passed the heater pipes 12 and 14 while transferring heat thereto.
  • the exhaust ducts 32 open on their upper side into a common annular collecting chamber 34 which communicates with outlet 27.
  • Assembly 24 can be moved to and fro in the vertical direction with respect to housing 25.
  • Bellows 35 are provided as a flexible seal between housing 25 and assembly 24, the bellows being connected to the housing at the area 36 and to the assembly 24 at the area 37.
  • the bellows 35 are situated within housing 25.
  • the length of the pipes increases considerably due to the thermal expantire heating system remains free of material stresses which might give rise to a variety of material deformations and leakage of the heater pipes.
  • the fuel atomizing device 19 moves together with burner device 17, the position of atomizer 20 is not changed with respect to combustion chamber 18. Consequently, overheating of the atomizer is not liable to occur, and the atomizer need not be prematurely replaced.
  • Assembly 24 can be readily lifted from plate 16 and be removed from housing 25 after detachment of bellows 35 at the area 36, without previous removal of pre-heater 28.
  • the mounting of assembly 24 is, of course, also very simple.
  • Bellows 35 not only follow the relative movement of assembly 24 and housing 25, but also ensure that the combustion air which is supplied via annular duct 31 cannot escape to the surroundings.
  • FIG. 2 shows only the upper part of a hot-gas engine. Parts which correspond to the engine shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals but with a suffix a.
  • Annular duct 31a is now separated from pre-heater 28a by a jacket 40a of a thermally insulating material.
  • bellows 35a are not situated inside but outside the housing 25a. The remainder of the operation is as described for the hot-gas engine according to FIG. 1, so the description need not be replaced.
  • bellows are shown as flexible seals in the FIGS. 1 and 2, other seals are feasible such as, for example, diaphragm seals.
  • a hot-gas engine including an upper part defining therein an expansion space, a heater having a plurality of pipes disposed generally in parallel and in the form of a cylinder about a space for combustion gases, the heater having a near end secured to said upper part and a remote free end, the engine further including a burner device including therein a chamber for air and fuel, a housing wall enveloping said heater, burner and upper part of the engine, the chamber having a near side communicating with said space for combustion gases and a remote side, a fuel atomizing device on said remote side and extending through said wall, the improvement in combination therewith wherein said fuel atomizing device and burner device form a single rigid assembly engaged to said remote ends of said heater pipes, the assembly being displaceable relative to said housing axially of said heater and movable a distance corresponding to axial expansion of said pipes when heated, said engine further comprising a flexible seal interconnecting said housing and said movable assembly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
US00319542A 1972-01-13 1972-12-29 Hot-gas engine Expired - Lifetime US3831380A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7200483A NL7200483A (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png) 1972-01-13 1972-01-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3831380A true US3831380A (en) 1974-08-27

Family

ID=19815150

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00319542A Expired - Lifetime US3831380A (en) 1972-01-13 1972-12-29 Hot-gas engine

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3831380A (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png)
JP (1) JPS522047B2 (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png)
CA (1) CA967376A (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png)
DE (1) DE2262545C3 (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png)
FR (1) FR2167873A5 (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png)
GB (1) GB1413563A (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png)
NL (1) NL7200483A (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png)
SE (1) SE383551B (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4481771A (en) * 1982-08-06 1984-11-13 Stirling Thermal Motors, Inc. Heat exchanger stack apparatus
US4573320A (en) * 1985-05-03 1986-03-04 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Combustion system
US5921764A (en) * 1997-07-18 1999-07-13 Stirling Thermal Motors, Inc. Heat engine combustor
US20050166590A1 (en) * 2002-05-13 2005-08-04 Alderson John H. Stirling engine assembly
DE10110445B4 (de) * 2001-03-05 2009-05-28 Solo Stirling Gmbh Gaskühler für einen Stirlingmotor
US20090260355A1 (en) * 2002-05-15 2009-10-22 John Howard Alderson Stirling engine assembly
US20100269499A1 (en) * 2007-01-04 2010-10-28 David Anthony Clark Stirling engine system and operating method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19516499A1 (de) * 1995-05-05 1996-12-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zur Abgaswärmenutzung bei Wärme- und Kältemaschinen

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH205639A (de) * 1937-07-23 1939-06-30 Ditmar Geb Bruenner Ag Wärmekraftmaschine.
US2557607A (en) * 1948-03-30 1951-06-19 Shell Dev Hot gas engine with finned cylinder head
US3094247A (en) * 1960-10-10 1963-06-18 American Radiator & Standard Electric-selection multi-reservoir liquid dispenser
US3442079A (en) * 1966-02-09 1969-05-06 Philips Corp Thermodynamic engine
US3482457A (en) * 1967-10-10 1969-12-09 Gen Motors Corp Variable power and variable direction engine and simple planetary phase changing device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH205639A (de) * 1937-07-23 1939-06-30 Ditmar Geb Bruenner Ag Wärmekraftmaschine.
US2557607A (en) * 1948-03-30 1951-06-19 Shell Dev Hot gas engine with finned cylinder head
US3094247A (en) * 1960-10-10 1963-06-18 American Radiator & Standard Electric-selection multi-reservoir liquid dispenser
US3442079A (en) * 1966-02-09 1969-05-06 Philips Corp Thermodynamic engine
US3482457A (en) * 1967-10-10 1969-12-09 Gen Motors Corp Variable power and variable direction engine and simple planetary phase changing device

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4481771A (en) * 1982-08-06 1984-11-13 Stirling Thermal Motors, Inc. Heat exchanger stack apparatus
US4573320A (en) * 1985-05-03 1986-03-04 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Combustion system
WO1986006793A1 (en) * 1985-05-03 1986-11-20 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Combustion system
US5921764A (en) * 1997-07-18 1999-07-13 Stirling Thermal Motors, Inc. Heat engine combustor
DE10110445B4 (de) * 2001-03-05 2009-05-28 Solo Stirling Gmbh Gaskühler für einen Stirlingmotor
US20050166590A1 (en) * 2002-05-13 2005-08-04 Alderson John H. Stirling engine assembly
US7021054B2 (en) 2002-05-13 2006-04-04 Microgen Energy Limited Stirling engine assembly
US20090260355A1 (en) * 2002-05-15 2009-10-22 John Howard Alderson Stirling engine assembly
US20100269499A1 (en) * 2007-01-04 2010-10-28 David Anthony Clark Stirling engine system and operating method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA967376A (en) 1975-05-13
SE383551B (sv) 1976-03-15
JPS4878350A (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png) 1973-10-20
NL7200483A (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png) 1973-07-17
JPS522047B2 (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png) 1977-01-19
DE2262545B2 (de) 1977-12-01
FR2167873A5 (US07935154-20110503-C00006.png) 1973-08-24
DE2262545C3 (de) 1978-07-20
DE2262545A1 (de) 1973-07-19
GB1413563A (en) 1975-11-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3831380A (en) Hot-gas engine
US4977742A (en) Stirling engine with integrated gas combustor
EP0220199B1 (en) External-combustion engine
EP1407129A1 (en) Thermal improvements for an external combustion engine
GB1454298A (en) Hot-gas reciprocating engine
US4281510A (en) Gas turbine plant
US4367625A (en) Stirling engine with parallel flow heat exchangers
US3717993A (en) Preheater assembly for stirling engine
US2963871A (en) Thermo-dynamic reciprocating apparatus
US5326255A (en) Burner with recuperative air preheating and thermal insulation between the recuperator and the external cap of the burner
US5794444A (en) Method for utilizing waste-gas heat from heat-generating and refrigerating machines
NL8601070A (nl) Stirlingmotor.
US3854290A (en) Hot-gas reciprocating engine
US3862542A (en) Hot-gas engine burner-heater
US2594761A (en) Heat exchanger
US3834455A (en) Heat exchangers for stirling cycle engines
US1824528A (en) Internal combustion engine
US3760592A (en) Hot-gas engine
US4055952A (en) Heating device for an external combustion engine
US2560987A (en) Hot gas motor with concentrically disposed heat exchange components
CN2916560Y (zh) 换热管同步涨缩机械密封装置
US2616250A (en) Cylinder head for hot-gas reciprocating engines
US2557607A (en) Hot gas engine with finned cylinder head
US3246687A (en) Thermal actuated sector plate
GB1430731A (en) Hot gas engines