US3827712A - Structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy - Google Patents
Structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3827712A US3827712A US00302549A US30254972A US3827712A US 3827712 A US3827712 A US 3827712A US 00302549 A US00302549 A US 00302549A US 30254972 A US30254972 A US 30254972A US 3827712 A US3827712 A US 3827712A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- structural frame
- bowl
- frame
- energy absorption
- impact energy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
- B62D21/15—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted having impact absorbing means, e.g. a frame designed to permanently or temporarily change shape or dimension upon impact with another body
- B62D21/152—Front or rear frames
Definitions
- FIG. 1 is a fragmentary plane view of a car frame in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken on a line VV in FIG. 3,
- FIG. 9(A), (B) AND (C) illustrates deformed condition of a conventional structural frame
- bowl-shaped projections 7a and 7b abut against those two inner sides 10 and 11 of the inner sides of the structural frames 1 and 2 which oppose in the direction of curvature.
- a structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy comprising structural frame members made of metal defining closed rectangular crosssection, a portion of each of said structural frame members being bent in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the structural frame members, and energy absorption materials made of the metal having bowlshaped projections at its bottom and mounting flanges at its opposite sides of the opening to the projection which are attached to those two opposing inner surfaces of the structural frame which oppose in the direction of bending whereby the bowl-shaped projections may abut against each other.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
A structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy comprises structural frame member of metallic material defining closed rectangular cross-section. Portion of each of the structural frame members is bent in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame and energy absorption materials of metallic material with bowl-shaped projections are attached to those two opposing inner surfaces of the frame members which oppose in the direction of bending so that the bowl-shaped projection abut against each other. Upon collision, due to the resistance to plastic deformation of the bowl-shaped deformation the shape of the cross section of the structural frame may be maintained in its initial state and no abrupt decrease of blending moment takes place.
Description
Suzuki et al.
[ Aug. 6 1974 I STRUCTURAL FRAME CAPABLE OF ABSORBING IMPACT ENERGY [75] Inventors: Ichiro Suzuki; Hiroyuki Watanabe,
both of Toyota, Japan [73] Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha, Toyota-shi, Japan 22 Filed: 0.31, 1972 211 App]. N0. 302,549
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Dec. 8, l971 Japan 46-99271 [52] US. Cl. 280/106 R, 52/731 [51] Int. Cl B6241 21/00 [58] Field of Search 280/106 R, 106 R; 52/731, 52/99, 573
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,125,692 8/1938 Ragsdale 52/731 2,257,666 9/1941 Almdale 280/106 R Primary Examiner-Philip Goodman Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Stevens, Davis, Miller & Mosher [57] ABSTRACT A structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy comprises structural frame member of metallic material defining closed rectangular cross-section. Portion of each of the structural frame members is bent in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame and energy absorption materials of metallic material with bowl-shaped projections are attached to those two opposing inner surfaces of the frame members which oppose in the direction of bending so that the bowl-shaped projection abut against each other. Upon collision, due to the resistance to plastic deformation of the bowl-shaped deformation the shape of the cross section of the structural frame may be maintained in its initial state and no abrupt decrease of blending moment takes place.
4 Claims, 10 Drawing Figures PATENTEB NIB 6W4 I 3; 827. 712
The present invention relates to an improvement in structural frame such as a side member of a frame for a car, and has its object to increase absorption efficiency of an impact energy upon collision or the like and to provide a small and light-weight structural frame while maintaining sufficient reliability and safety.
It has been suggested, in a structural frame such as a car frame or a side member, to flex a portion thereof to absorb impact energy. However, since such a frame has too rapid decrease of load for deformation stroke and low absorption efficiency for energy, the overall thickness of the structural frame must be increased for compensation therefor, which results in unnecessarily large and heavy structure in order to achieve requisite energy absorption efficiency.
The present invention is intended to provide a novel and improved structural frame which overcomes the above short comings.
The present invention will now be described in connection with the accompaning drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary plane view of a car frame in accordance with one preferred embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of one form of energy absorbing material,
FIG. 3 is a plane view, partly broken away, of a structural frame curved section,
FIG. 4 is a front view, partly broken away, of the structure of FIG. 3,
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken on a line VV in FIG. 3,
FIG. 6 is a lateral cross-sectional view of a structural frame curved section having an energy absorbing material affired, in accordance with another form of the present invention,
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of other form of energy absorbing material,
FIG. 8(A), (B) and (C) illustrate deformed conditions of the structural frame of the present invention,
FIG. 9(A), (B) AND (C) illustrates deformed condition of a conventional structural frame, and
FIG. 10 shows characteristic curve of axial load of the structural frame versus stroke.
Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 is a plane view showing a front section of structural frames 1 and 2, which form side members of a car, to which the present invention is applied. The structural frames 1 and 2 made of steel defining closed rectangular shape in cross section, as shown in FIG. 5, are formed with curved sections 3 and 4, respectively, in the directions perpendicular to their respective longitudinal directions. These sections serve as energy absorption sections.
Several pairs of energy absorption materials 5 and 6 are arranged in the curved sections 3 and 4, as shown in FIGS. 2 through 5.
Each energy absorption material is made of steel or the like and has a bowl shaped projection 7a at its bottom, as shown in FIG. 2, and mounting flanges 8 and 9 at opposite sides of an opening and is shaped such that it is accomodated in the structural frames 1 and 2.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 5, the energy absorption materials 5 and 6 are attached to flanges 8 and 9, as
shown in FIG. 2, by means of welding or the like so that bowl-shaped projections 7a and 7b abut against those two inner sides 10 and 11 of the inner sides of the structural frames 1 and 2 which oppose in the direction of curvature.
While three pairs of energy absorption materials are shown in the illustrated embodiment it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to this. Also, while the energy absorption members 5 and 6 are curved such that the flanges 12 and 13 between the flanges 8 and 9 are slightly spaced from the inner sides 10 and 11 of the structural frames 1 and 2, the present invention is not limited to such a particular structure.
FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the energy absorption materials in which bowl-shaped projection of each energy absorption material is of dual structure comprising an inner member 14 and an outer member 15. FIG. 7 shows other embodiment in which the bowlshaped projection 7a shown in FIG. 2 is replaced with a flat projection 16 in which reinforcement grooves 17 and 18 are formed, and opposite sides of the flat projection 16 is formed into a box-like mount having sidewalls 19 and 20, the bottom walls 21 and 22 thereof being adapted to be attached to the inner surfaces of the structural frames.
The impact energy absorption action of the structural frames thus constructed in accordance with the present invention is now described in comparison with a conventional structural frame. When the structural frames are used as the side members constituting car frames, the curved section 3 is formed, as stated above, to assure strength rigidity during run and to absorb impact energy. The curved section 3 shares with bending moment corresponding to the amount of eccentricity (H) shown in FIG. 1. Upon collision this section is bent to absorb the impact energy.
In a conventional structural frame 23, as shown in FIG. 9(A), at the initial stage of collision, that is, when an axial load (F) is applied, the structural frame 23 deforms as shown in FIG. 9(B) by 24, and the frame cross-section begins to collapse before full plastic collapse load of the structural frame 23 is reached. As the structural frame further deforms the shape of the cross section is substantially collapsed, as shown in FIG. 9(C), until it no longer sustains bending moment. Thus, the axial load versus stroke characteristic curve in this case has, as shown in FIG. 10 by double dotted line, a peak of the axial load (F) at a point 9(B) which corresponds to the status of FIG. 9(B), and rapidly decreases thereafter, and at point 9(C) corresponding to the status of FIG. 9(C) the stroke proceeds without substantial resistance.
On the contrary, in the structural frame 25 according to the present invention as shown in FIG. 8(A), at the time when the axial load (F) is applied, the bowlshaped projections 28 and 29 of the paired energy absorption materials 26 and 27 attached to the curved section are abutted against each other and begin plastic deformation. Due to the resistance to this plastic deformation the shape of the crosssection of the structural frame 25 is maintained substantially in its initial state so that it may withstand the load until the full plastic collapse load of the structural frame 25 is reached. When the stroke of the load further increases, the plastic deformation of the energy absorption materials 26 and 27 proceeds as shown in FIG. 8(C) and the crosssectional shape of the structural frame 25 deforms depending upon the amount of deformation so that no abrupt decrease of the bending moment takes place. Accordingly, in the axial load versus stroke characteristic curve for this case, the axial load (F) does not fall after passing through the point 8(B) corresponding to the status of FIG. 8(B), as shown in FIG. 10 by a solid line, and reaches the point 8(C) corresponding to the status of FIG. 8(C) and does not exhibit Abrupt decrease even thereafter.
This fact demonstrates that the structural frame according to the present invention presents a desirable impact energy absorption characteristic.
As has been illustrated and described, according to the present invention, the absorption efficiency of the impact energy upon collision can be increased and hence smaller and lighter structural frame may be provided for absorbing a given impact energy. By suitably adjusting and/or selecting the plate thickness of the structural frame, the shape of cross section, material, the amount of eccentricity of the curved section, or the shape of the energy absorption material, the thickness and material thereof, the axial load or deceleration may be controlled to any desired value. Furthermore, since the structural frame provides absorption and relaxiation of the impact energy which are necessary and sufficient for the structural frame, it assures the reliability and the safety and also insures the safety of the passengers when it is applied to a car frame or the like.
What is claimed is:
1. In a strengthening frame for automobiles, a strengthening frame capableof absorbing impact energy comprising a strengthening frame of metal having a closed cross-- section such as rectangular shape; a plurality of curved portions curved inwardly of the said strengthening frame by the front and/or rear end of the said frame in its longitudinal direction; and energy absorption members of metal, wherein the bottom is projected in a bowl-shape and the side edge portions of the opening function as flanges for the mounting,
the bowl-shaped projections of the said energy absorption members being attached to the inside of the said strengthening frames at their curved portions adjacent and opposite to each other.
2. A structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy in accordance with the claim 1 wherein the energy absorption material is a dual bowl-shaped projection consisting of an inner member and an outer member and mounting flanges at its opposite sides of the openmg.
3. A structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy in accordance with the claim 1 wherein the energy absorption material has a flat projection at its bottom, reinforcement grooves being formed in said flat projection, a box-like mount having side walls being formed on opposite sides of the flat projection, and a mounting bottom wall at opposite side ends of the opening.
4. A structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy comprising structural frame members made of metal defining closed rectangular crosssection, a portion of each of said structural frame members being bent in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the structural frame members, and energy absorption materials made of the metal having bowlshaped projections at its bottom and mounting flanges at its opposite sides of the opening to the projection which are attached to those two opposing inner surfaces of the structural frame which oppose in the direction of bending whereby the bowl-shaped projections may abut against each other.
Claims (4)
1. In a strengthening frame for automobiles, a strengthening frame capable of absorbing impact energy comprising a strengthening frame of metal having a closed cross-section such as rectangular shape; a plurality of curved portions curved inwardly of the said strengthening frame by the front and/or rear end of the said frame in its longitudinal direction; and energy absorption members of metal, wherein the bottom is projected in a bowl-shape and the side edge portions of the opening function as flanges for the mounting, the bowl-shaped projections of the said energy absorption members being attached to the inside of the said strengthening frames at their curved portions adjacent and opposite to each other.
2. A structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy in accordance with the claim 1 wherein the energy absorption material is a dual bowl-shaped projection consisting of an inner member and an outer member and mounting flanges at its opposite sides of the opening.
3. A structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy in accordance with the claim 1 wherein the energy absorption material has a flat projection at its bottom, reinforcement grooves being formed in said flat projection, a box-like mount having side walls being formed on opposite sides of the flat projection, and a mounting bottom wall at opposite side ends of the opening.
4. A structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy comprising structural frame members made of metal defining closed rectangular cross-section, a portion of each of said structural frame members being bent in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the structural frame members, and energy absorption materials made of the metal having bowl-shaped projections at its bottom and mounting flanges at its opposite sides of the opening to the projection which are attached to those two opposing inner surfaces of the structural frame which oppose in the direction of bending whereby the bowl-shaped projections may abut against each other.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP46099271A JPS5029209B2 (en) | 1971-12-08 | 1971-12-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3827712A true US3827712A (en) | 1974-08-06 |
Family
ID=14243005
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00302549A Expired - Lifetime US3827712A (en) | 1971-12-08 | 1972-10-31 | Structural frame capable of absorbing impact energy |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3827712A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5029209B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2254299B2 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1400568A (en) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4413840A (en) * | 1981-09-14 | 1983-11-08 | Ford Motor Company | Mechanism to control axial collapse of an open cross-section beam |
| US5110177A (en) * | 1989-09-30 | 1992-05-05 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Automobile rear body structure |
| US5114184A (en) * | 1989-07-03 | 1992-05-19 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Automobile rear body structure |
| US5951097A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1999-09-14 | Chrysler Corporation | Impact reinforcement for curved rails in motor vehicles |
| US6007099A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-12-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Vehicle intrusion energy management frame element |
| US6733040B1 (en) * | 2002-07-02 | 2004-05-11 | Dana Corporation | Closed channel structural member having internal reinforcement for vehicle body and frame assembly |
| EP1440867A1 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-07-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Structural design component for automotive vehicles |
| US20060170206A1 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-03 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle front body structure |
| US20090236166A1 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-09-24 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Frame structure of automotive vehicle |
| US20100019542A1 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2010-01-28 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Front-end frame concept for the body structure on a multiple platform |
| WO2013104652A1 (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2013-07-18 | A2 Research Ab | A method and a device to start and sustain structural vibrations in a structural component |
| EP2657110A4 (en) * | 2011-02-09 | 2015-07-22 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Structure for front side frames of automobile |
| US20160251035A1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Frame structure for vehicle |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS51141120A (en) * | 1975-05-31 | 1976-12-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Body construction of motorcar |
| GB1604026A (en) * | 1977-09-06 | 1981-12-02 | Hudson International Ltd Chris | Chassis beams |
| DE3925990A1 (en) * | 1989-08-05 | 1991-02-07 | Daimler Benz Ag | ASSEMBLY FOR THE FRONT AND REAR AREAS OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
| ES2074886T3 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1995-09-16 | Audi Ag | BEARING ELEMENT FOR A LIGHT METAL BODY OF AN AUTOMOBILE VEHICLE. |
| DE19638904A1 (en) * | 1996-09-23 | 1998-03-26 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Process for producing a hollow beam for vehicle bodies |
| DE19720640C2 (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1999-03-04 | Audi Ag | Side member of a vehicle body |
| DE10151006A1 (en) * | 2001-10-16 | 2003-04-17 | Volkswagen Ag | Longitudinal/cross strut for motor vehicles has associated forced turning elements with stiffener elements, to absorb impact energy during crash |
| DE10357628B3 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-02-24 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Longitudinal link for support of axle or component in road vehicle has curved hollow strut made of two U-section bent sheet metal components fitted together, with crumple zone for deformation in crash |
| JP4752411B2 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2011-08-17 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Body frame structure |
| DE102004061794A1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-13 | Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh | Frame structure for a motor vehicle has a tubular element fitted with a retaining slot and connected to reinforcing elements with a positive and non-positive fit |
| DE102009031780A1 (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2011-01-13 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit | Front frame for motor vehicle, has reinforcement profile connected with longitudinal carrier profile, where reinforcement profile is arranged in U-shaped manner between locking plate and longitudinal carrier profile |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2125692A (en) * | 1932-04-27 | 1938-08-02 | Budd Edward G Mfg Co | Beam structure |
| US2257666A (en) * | 1940-04-26 | 1941-09-30 | Midland Steel Prod Co | X-member |
-
1971
- 1971-12-08 JP JP46099271A patent/JPS5029209B2/ja not_active Expired
-
1972
- 1972-10-31 US US00302549A patent/US3827712A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-10-31 GB GB5019572A patent/GB1400568A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-06 DE DE19722254299 patent/DE2254299B2/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2125692A (en) * | 1932-04-27 | 1938-08-02 | Budd Edward G Mfg Co | Beam structure |
| US2257666A (en) * | 1940-04-26 | 1941-09-30 | Midland Steel Prod Co | X-member |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4413840A (en) * | 1981-09-14 | 1983-11-08 | Ford Motor Company | Mechanism to control axial collapse of an open cross-section beam |
| US5114184A (en) * | 1989-07-03 | 1992-05-19 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Automobile rear body structure |
| US5110177A (en) * | 1989-09-30 | 1992-05-05 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Automobile rear body structure |
| US5951097A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1999-09-14 | Chrysler Corporation | Impact reinforcement for curved rails in motor vehicles |
| US6007099A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-12-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Vehicle intrusion energy management frame element |
| US6733040B1 (en) * | 2002-07-02 | 2004-05-11 | Dana Corporation | Closed channel structural member having internal reinforcement for vehicle body and frame assembly |
| EP1440867A1 (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-07-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Structural design component for automotive vehicles |
| US7380830B2 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2008-06-03 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle front body structure |
| US20060170206A1 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-03 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle front body structure |
| US20100019542A1 (en) * | 2006-08-04 | 2010-01-28 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Front-end frame concept for the body structure on a multiple platform |
| US8177291B2 (en) | 2006-08-04 | 2012-05-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Front-end frame concept for the body structure on a multiple platform |
| US20090236166A1 (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-09-24 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Frame structure of automotive vehicle |
| EP2657110A4 (en) * | 2011-02-09 | 2015-07-22 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Structure for front side frames of automobile |
| US9211913B2 (en) | 2011-02-09 | 2015-12-15 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Structure for front side frames of automobile |
| WO2013104652A1 (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2013-07-18 | A2 Research Ab | A method and a device to start and sustain structural vibrations in a structural component |
| US20160251035A1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Frame structure for vehicle |
| US9701344B2 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2017-07-11 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Frame structure for vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2254299B2 (en) | 1977-01-27 |
| JPS5029209B2 (en) | 1975-09-22 |
| DE2254299A1 (en) | 1973-06-20 |
| JPS4864619A (en) | 1973-09-06 |
| GB1400568A (en) | 1975-07-16 |
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