US3826399A - Low temperature liquified gas storage tank - Google Patents

Low temperature liquified gas storage tank Download PDF

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Publication number
US3826399A
US3826399A US00269489A US26948972A US3826399A US 3826399 A US3826399 A US 3826399A US 00269489 A US00269489 A US 00269489A US 26948972 A US26948972 A US 26948972A US 3826399 A US3826399 A US 3826399A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
low temperature
wall
plywood
liquid
gas storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00269489A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
T Noma
I Okano
R Teramoto
K Hayakawa
O Nagao
T Okamoto
T Kurihara
K Nakano
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Zosen Corp
Original Assignee
Hitachi Zosen Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Zosen Corp filed Critical Hitachi Zosen Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3826399A publication Critical patent/US3826399A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0354—Wood
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/901—Liquified gas content, cryogenic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
    • Y10S220/918—Spacing element for separating the walls of a spaced-wall container

Definitions

  • a symmetrical arrangement of the membrane layer or layers with respect to the cross-sectional center of the panel prevents warping thereof under thermally induced stress.
  • the present invention relates to a low temperature liquified gas storage tank, and more particularly to such a storage tank wherein plywood panels subjected to liquid-tightness treatment are used as an inner tank wall applied to the inner side of the rigid outer shell of the tank.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal sheet or synthetic resin film is much greater than that of the plywood, so that a high heat shock is produced in the metal sheet or synthetic resin film.
  • the thermal stress is of the order of 50-60 times that of plywood; Therefore, where plywood having a metal sheet or synthetic resin film bonded to the surface thereof is used as a tank wall material for direct contact with a low temperature liquid, there is the danger of causing the separation and cracking of the metal sheet or synthetic resin or of causing the warping of the plywood as a result of the shearing force acting in the described manner.
  • the metal sheet or synthetic resin film is intended for providing liquid-tightness, not for supporting the pressure of low temperature liquid, the thickness, thereof may be as thin as the order of 0.3 0.l mm. Therefore, when plywood having such a thin metal sheet or synthetic resin film exposed on the plywood surface is used to form a tank wall, there is a disadvantage that it is liable to be damaged by contact with other objects during the tank wall forming operation.
  • the low temperature liquified gas storage tank of the present invention overcomes the problems described above, and comprises an outer tank shell, a plurality of panels mounted inside of and spaced from the outer shell to form an inner wall of the tank, and a heat insulator interposed between the outer shell and inner wall; wherein said panels are each of multi-layer construction and include at least one interior liquid-tight membrane layer and an exterior heat shock absorbing layer forming the inner wall surface of the tank.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematicsectional elevation of a tank installed on the ground;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional elevation of a tank installed in a ship
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view in transverse section through the wall of the tank showing one of the embodiments of the invention
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view through a portion of the inner wall of a tank showinganother embodiment of the invention
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective views each showing other forms of liquid-tight wall panel constructions of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph explanatory of heat shock absorbing effects. i a
  • this type of tank is formed usually of a tank body A and a secondary protective wall B for prevention of the outflow of a low temperature liquid in the event of damage to the tank body.
  • the secondary protective wall may, of course, be employed as a liquid storage tank.
  • the tank is built on the ground as shown in FIG. 1 and in another case it is built in a ship as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the inner wall of the tank is constructed by connecting a number of rectangular liquid-tight panels'end-toend.
  • Multi-layer liquid-tight panels 1 shown'in FIG. 3' are each constructed by bonding liquid-tight membrane layers 4a and 4b of low temperature resistant metal to both sides of a plywood core 3, consisting of a plurality of veneers 2, and then bonding veneers 5a and 5b to the surfaces of said liquid-tight membranes 4a and 4b to serve as heat shock absorbing layers.
  • the veneer 5a of the panel 1 which will be in direct contact with low temperature liquid is cutaway in advance over apredetermined width from'the edge thereof to form a bandlike exposed membrane portion 6.
  • Connector joists 8 are disposed'in a lattice-like pattern within the interior of an outer wall 7 of ordinary steel plate so as to be in conformity with the size of the liquid-tight panels 1 and are secured to said outer wall through stay plates 9.
  • the adjacent edge portions 10 of such liquid-tight panels 1 are placed on one of the joists 8, and 'a connector patch member 12 is bonded to the outer side of said adjacent edge portions 10 over the band-like exposedmembrane surfaces 6 by means of an adhesive 11.
  • the width of the patch member 12 is such that some areas of the bandlike exposed membrane portions 6 are left uncovered on both sides of the patch member 12.
  • Fasteners such as nails 13 are driven through the patch member 12 into the wooden joist 8 through both panels 1, thereby securing the adjacent end portions 10 to the joist 8.
  • a coating layer 14 of low temperature resistant 9, the outer wall 7 and the, low temperature resistant liquid-tight panels 1 through openings in said latticelike enclosure and allowing the material'to foam in said space; or, by filling the lattice-like enclosure with a preformed heat insulator before the low temperature resis tantpanel 1 is secured in position.
  • liquid-tight panel 1 shown in the above embodiment it is,-of course, possible to prevent the separating and crackingof the membranes by absorbing in the exterior layer 5a the heat shock caused by direct contact between the surface of the iunerlwall of the tank and the low temperature liquid, and since the membranes 4a and 4b of low temperature resistant metal are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center of the panel and expand and contract approximately equally, such expansion and contraction of the membranes .4a'and 4b will not result in warpingthe panel 1.
  • the entire liquid-tight panel can ideally. expand and contract.
  • single ply veneers Sa'and 5b are bonded to the surfaces of the liquid-tight membranes 4a and 4b, but a laminate formed by a plurality of veneers may be bonded thereto as a heat shock absorbing material.
  • a method may be employed wherein hot pressing is carried out with a resin-impregnated paper sheet interposed between said membrane and the layer on each sidelof the membrane.
  • FIG. 4 shows 'a different embodiment of the invention
  • a liquid-tight panel used in this embodiment consists of two plywood layers 21a and 21b of approximately the same thickness with a liquid-tight mem brane 22 of low temperature resistant metal interposed therebetween. If such a panel 20 is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, since the thickness of the plywood 21a working as a heat shock absorbing material with respect to the liquid-tight membrane amounts to about half the thickness of the panel 20, a bandwise cutting away of the plywood 21a for placing a connector patch member on the cut away area would result in the adjacent edge portions of the panels being too thin, thus presenting a problem of strength. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
  • a connector patch member 23 is bonded directly to the surfaces of adjacent panels20 by an adhesive, and the adjacent edge portions 25 of the panels 20 are secured to a connector joist 26 by fasteners24.
  • grooves 27 reaching the liquid-tight membranes 22 are provided in the plywood 21a parallel to the patch member 23.
  • Each groove 27 is filled with a low temperature resistant adhesive 28 so as to be in contact with the liquid-tight' membrane 22, and a coating layer 29 of low temperature resistant adhesive covering the patch member'23 is united with said low temperature resistant adhesive 28, thereby interconnecting the panels 20 in a liquid-tight manner without involving any problem of strength.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show other embodiments of the liquidtight panels of thepresent invention.
  • a liquidtight panel 30 is constructed by bonding liquid-tight membranes 33a and 33b of low temperature resistant metal or synthetic resin to both sides of plywood 32 consisting of a plurality of layers of veneers 31 and then bonding a soft fibrous material 34 of suitable thickness to the outer side of one membrane 33a to form a heat shock absorbing layer.
  • the fibrous material may be a wood fiber plate, a thick fabric, a laminated thin fabric, a rug or the like. r p Although the low temperature liquid permeates the fibrous material 34 when the fibrous material 34 forms the inner surface of the tank, permeation beyond the same is prevented by the liquid-tight membrane 33a.
  • a liquid-tight panel 40 shown in FIG. 6 is constructed by interposing two or more layers of low temperature resistant resin-impregnated paper sheets 43 between layers 41 and 42 of plywood and subjecting the assembly to a hot press process.
  • the thermal stresses produced in the liquid-tight membranes are very small as compared with the case of using a low temperature resistant metal sheet, so that the plywood vvillnot warp.
  • the low temperature resistant resin-impregnated paper sheets 43 are easy to bring into close contact with'the plywood layers, so that the production of the liquid-tight panel is facilitated.
  • an interior liquid-tight membrane layer within an exterior layer of plywood or a fibrous material makes it possible to mitigate the heat shock 'due to direct contact of the inner wall surface of the tank with low temperature liquid.
  • a membrane exists within plywood and there is a temperature difference of C between the membrane and the plywood
  • changes in temperature which take place in the interior of the-plywood are as shown in FIG. 7. From this it is seen that in the case of a temperature difference of about 60C,-if there is a plywood layer (heat shock absorbing layer) which is more than 3mm thick, this makes it possible to greatly mitigate heat shock.
  • a low temperature liquified gas storage tank having an outer wall of steel, an inner wall of plywood panels spaced from the outer wall, and a solid heat insulat- I wall surface of the tank; and,
  • fastening means for securing adjacent edge portions of said plywood panels to the joists, said fastening means including a patch covering said adjacent edge portions and an adhesive covering the patch and covering portions of the panels adjacent to the patch.
  • each of said plywood panels includes two of said liquid-tight membrane layers symetrically arranged cross-sectionally of the panel.
  • each of said plywood panels includes a heat shock absorbing layer forming the surface of the panel opposed to said inner wall surface of the tank.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US00269489A 1971-07-09 1972-07-06 Low temperature liquified gas storage tank Expired - Lifetime US3826399A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5083071 1971-07-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3826399A true US3826399A (en) 1974-07-30

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ID=12869667

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00269489A Expired - Lifetime US3826399A (en) 1971-07-09 1972-07-06 Low temperature liquified gas storage tank

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3826399A (de)
DE (1) DE2231574C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2145457B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1380294A (de)
NO (1) NO130913C (de)
SE (1) SE379236B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120012473A1 (en) * 2009-04-14 2012-01-19 Adnan Ezzarhouni Termination of the secondary membrane of an lng tank
US20150102036A1 (en) * 2013-10-15 2015-04-16 Elwha Llc Systems and methods for fluid containment

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2258423B (en) * 1991-08-03 1995-11-08 Glassard Uk Ltd Insulating tank lining
FI129526B (fi) * 2016-06-23 2022-03-31 Metsaeliitto Osuuskunta Lämmöneristyskotelon seinämärakenne

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2699417A (en) * 1949-05-06 1955-01-11 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Paper-covered aluminum assembly for bonding to plywood
US2720478A (en) * 1953-03-20 1955-10-11 James H Hogg Method of making and finishing veneers
US2875117A (en) * 1955-08-29 1959-02-24 Haskelite Mfg Corp Multilaminar panel
US3106500A (en) * 1960-11-01 1963-10-08 Thomas M Turner Wood veneered gypsum board panel and process for making same
US3175940A (en) * 1961-11-13 1965-03-30 Gen Am Transport Prefabricated heat-insulating panels
US3189514A (en) * 1959-06-15 1965-06-15 Mead Corp Composite board

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2699417A (en) * 1949-05-06 1955-01-11 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Paper-covered aluminum assembly for bonding to plywood
US2720478A (en) * 1953-03-20 1955-10-11 James H Hogg Method of making and finishing veneers
US2875117A (en) * 1955-08-29 1959-02-24 Haskelite Mfg Corp Multilaminar panel
US3189514A (en) * 1959-06-15 1965-06-15 Mead Corp Composite board
US3106500A (en) * 1960-11-01 1963-10-08 Thomas M Turner Wood veneered gypsum board panel and process for making same
US3175940A (en) * 1961-11-13 1965-03-30 Gen Am Transport Prefabricated heat-insulating panels

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120012473A1 (en) * 2009-04-14 2012-01-19 Adnan Ezzarhouni Termination of the secondary membrane of an lng tank
US9291308B2 (en) * 2009-04-14 2016-03-22 Gaztransport & Technigaz LNG container with a connecting device which connects a secondary impermeable barrier to a load bearing structure
US20150102036A1 (en) * 2013-10-15 2015-04-16 Elwha Llc Systems and methods for fluid containment
US9470367B2 (en) * 2013-10-15 2016-10-18 Elwha Llc Systems and methods for fluid containment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2145457A1 (de) 1973-02-23
GB1380294A (en) 1975-01-15
FR2145457B1 (de) 1975-06-13
DE2231574A1 (de) 1973-01-18
NO130913C (de) 1975-03-05
DE2231574B2 (de) 1974-07-04
DE2231574C3 (de) 1975-02-13
SE379236B (de) 1975-09-29
NO130913B (de) 1974-11-25

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