US3821119A - Silicated soda ash - Google Patents
Silicated soda ash Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3821119A US3821119A US00250031A US25003172A US3821119A US 3821119 A US3821119 A US 3821119A US 00250031 A US00250031 A US 00250031A US 25003172 A US25003172 A US 25003172A US 3821119 A US3821119 A US 3821119A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- percent
- weight
- silicate
- soda ash
- silicated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000008098 Oxalis acetosella Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007930 Oxalis acetosella Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000220010 Rhode Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282485 Vulpes vulpes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019351 sodium silicates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D7/10—Salts
- C11D7/14—Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
- C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
- C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D7/10—Salts
- C11D7/12—Carbonates bicarbonates
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A method of preparing a particulate detergent builder includes admixing liquid sodium silicate with anhy- 3 Claims, No Drawings SILICATED SODA ASH It is known to be desirable to incorporate alkali metal silicates into various detergent compositions both for their inherent detergency and for their ability to protect ceramic and reactive metal surfaces from corrosive attack. Various problems have presented themselves in attempting to effect this incorporation. The most readily available source of dry, granular soluble SiO is the crystalline sodium metasilicates which, however, are too alkaline for many uses and in any event tend to segregate from the compositions into which they are incorporated.
- particulate sodium silicates having a higher ratio of silica to sodium oxides are not readily available, thus being too expensive for incorporation into most detergent compositions. Furthermore, where used, the tendency of these particulate materials is again tosegregate and/or contribute substantially to dusting.
- Various techniques have been suggested for blending liquid silicates into a detergent composition followed by drying to achieve the desired particulate state. However these methods, such as spray drying or agglomeration, generally require expensive equipment and hence large scale production to justify the necessary investment.
- the silicate is distributed uniformly on the soda ash particles and a sufficient amount of said silicate may be incorporated to provide the desired and advantageous properties. Further it has been found that the resultant particles are highly absorbent, being capable of taking up, for example, up to percent of their weight of a liquid surfactant. It will be appreciated that the equipment requirements of one desiring to produce such a detergent builder are quite modest. Hence, most any desired size production operation may be achieved.
- the sodium silicate employed will generally be one of those commercially available which have an Na O:SiO weight ratio within the stated range of from about l:l.6 to 3.3 and a solids content within the range of from 38-50 percent by weight, the balance being water. Of course it is possible to adjust the ratio of the solution to a desired point by the addition of sodium hydroxide.
- the amount of such a silicate employed will be within the range of from 30-55 percent of the combined aqueous silicate/soda ash, corresponding to a uniform SiO content in the final product within the range of l0 to 30, preferably 18-22, percent by weight.
- the sodium carbonate must be substantially anhydrous since those materials having water bound thereto will not accept the desired quantities of silicate. That the soda ash has a particle size of less than about 200 microns, for example passing through an eighty mesh screen, has been found important to the process since otherwise a sticky mass, essentially impossible to mix while retaining a particulate form, will be obtained on addition of the silicate solution.
- the amount of sodium carbonate employed falls within the range of 45 to percent by weight of the mixture.
- At least an eight mesh screen it is intended to refer to an eight mesh screen (Tyler or US. Standard) or one the openings of which are smaller, e.g., a 10 mesh screen.
- the thus-screened material is then passed to a heating step wherein the temperature is rapidly raised to within the range of to 250C.
- the temperature is rapidly raised to within the range of to 250C.
- thermoforming material being screened may be allowed to fall directly onto the surface of a hot plate having the appropriate temperature.
- the purpose of the heating step is to cause the formation of water vapor within the silicate and the subsequent release thereof, thereby resulting in the formation of a silicate foam.
- Temperatures of less than 105C. do not yield any substantial foaming, thus dictating a product having a bulk density higher than is generally desired for use as a detergent builder. While temperatures in excess of 250C. may be used, no significant additional advantage is obtained, an optimum low bulk density being achieved at the stated temperature.
- control of the temperature within this range is one method of regulating the bulk density of the product within the stated range of 25 to 50, preferably 35 to 50, pounds per cu. ft.
- the process may be operated either batch-wise, for small amounts with specific formulations, or, preferably, in a continuous manner.
- a surprising result of this process, and characteristic of the product, is that the pH of the silicated soda ash is lower than that of either ingredient alone.
- the pH (measured as a 1 percent aqueous solution) of a product made from sodium silicate having a ratio of l:2.4 and containing 20 percent Si is measured at 1 L0.
- a solution of soda ash alone reads 1 L4 and the silicate has a pH of l 1.3.
- EXAMPLE 1 ln the following Table the samples are prepared by adding the silicate to the soda ash over a period of minutes while mixing at low speed in a Hobart mixer at a temperature of about 43C.
- the soda ash employed is an anhydrous sodium carbonate, 98 percent of the particles of which pass through an 80 mesh Tyler sieve, indicating a particle size of less than 174 microns.
- Mix- EXAMPIIE 3 scope of the appended claims.
- a method of preparing a free-flowing particulate silicated sodium carbonate detergent builder which method consists essentially of:
- Sample 8 was determined to be capable of absorbing up to 15 percent of a liquid polyethoxy ether nonionic surfactant while still remaining freeflowing.
- the particulate free-flowing silicated sodium carbonate detergent builder produced by the method of claim 1 which is a substantially anhydrous coherent mixture of sodium carbonate and a sodium silicate having a Na O:SiO ratio of 1:1.6 to 3.3, the amount of SiO being within the range of 10 to 30 percent, said builder having a bulk density within the range of 25 to 50 lbs./ft. being capable of absorbing up to 15 percent of its weight of a liquid nonionic surfactant and having a pH lower than that of either the sodium silicate or sodium carbonate from which it is fonned.
- the particulate free-flowing silicated sodium carbonate detergent builder produced by the process of claim 1 containing from 18 to 22 percent by weight SiO as sodium silicate having a Na O:SiO weight ratio l:2.4, said builder having a bulk density within the range of 35 to 50 lbs/ft, being capable of absorbing about 15 percent of its weight of a liquid nonionic surfactant and having a pH, measured as a 1 percent aqueous solution, of about l 1.0.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00250031A US3821119A (en) | 1972-05-03 | 1972-05-03 | Silicated soda ash |
| GB2088073A GB1396215A (en) | 1972-05-03 | 1973-05-02 | Particulate detergent builders |
| FR7315664A FR2183132B3 (cs) | 1972-05-03 | 1973-05-02 | |
| DE2322123A DE2322123A1 (de) | 1972-05-03 | 1973-05-02 | Verfahren zur herstellung frei fliessender, partikelfoermiger waschhilfsmittel aus silikatisiertem natriumcarbonat |
| NL7306183A NL7306183A (cs) | 1972-05-03 | 1973-05-03 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00250031A US3821119A (en) | 1972-05-03 | 1972-05-03 | Silicated soda ash |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3821119A true US3821119A (en) | 1974-06-28 |
Family
ID=22946025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00250031A Expired - Lifetime US3821119A (en) | 1972-05-03 | 1972-05-03 | Silicated soda ash |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3821119A (cs) |
| DE (1) | DE2322123A1 (cs) |
| FR (1) | FR2183132B3 (cs) |
| GB (1) | GB1396215A (cs) |
| NL (1) | NL7306183A (cs) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4973419A (en) * | 1988-12-30 | 1990-11-27 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Hydrated alkali metal phosphate and silicated salt compositions |
| JPH04275400A (ja) * | 1990-11-30 | 1992-09-30 | Rhone Poulenc Chim | 洗剤組成物用のアルカリ金属シリケートをベースにしたビルダー剤 |
| US5338528A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1994-08-16 | Eka Nobel Ab | Alkali metal silicate composition with sodium carbonate additive |
| US5344633A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1994-09-06 | Eka Nobel Ab | Alkali metal silicate composition with potassium compound additive |
| US5700294A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1997-12-23 | Rhone-Poulenc Chimie | Method of washing with detergent compositions comprising amorphous silicoaluminate scavengers of calcium precipitates |
| US5798328A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1998-08-25 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Detergent composition comprising carbonate-amorphous silicate compound as builder and processes of using same |
| US6013617A (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 2000-01-11 | Rhone-Poulenc Chimie | Q2 /Q3 alkali metal silicate/inorganic compound detergent builders |
| WO2002090487A1 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2002-11-14 | Ineos Silicas Limited | Granular carbonate and silicate-containing compositions |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2642035A1 (de) * | 1976-09-18 | 1978-03-23 | Steinfels Ag Friedrich | Verfahren zur herstellung von rieselfaehigen granulaten mit niedrigem schuettgewicht |
| FR2669838B1 (fr) * | 1990-11-30 | 1994-04-01 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Cogranules spheriques de silicates de metaux alcalins et de carbonates de metaux alcalins, leur procede de preparation et leur application dans les compositions detergentes. |
| FR2688798B1 (fr) * | 1992-03-20 | 1994-10-14 | Rhobb Poulenc Chimie | Agent "builder" a base de silicate et d'un produit mineral. |
| EP0658517A1 (de) * | 1993-11-23 | 1995-06-21 | Degussa Aktiengesellschaft | Homogene Alkalisilikat/Alkalikarbonat-Mischungen |
| GB9402301D0 (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1994-03-30 | Brunner Mond & Co Ltd | Granular builder product |
| GB9504442D0 (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 1995-04-26 | Brunner Mond & Co Ltd | Granular bleach/builder product |
| FR2735787B1 (fr) * | 1995-06-26 | 1997-07-18 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Utilisation de cogranules de carbonate et de silicate de metal alcalin, comme agents alcalins reducteurs de la corrosion visible du verre et des decors dans les compositions detergentes |
| FR2791581B1 (fr) * | 1999-04-02 | 2001-05-18 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Composition a base d'un sel mineral substantiellement ou totalement hydrosoluble, formulation la comprenant, et leurs preparations |
-
1972
- 1972-05-03 US US00250031A patent/US3821119A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1973
- 1973-05-02 GB GB2088073A patent/GB1396215A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-05-02 FR FR7315664A patent/FR2183132B3/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-05-02 DE DE2322123A patent/DE2322123A1/de active Pending
- 1973-05-03 NL NL7306183A patent/NL7306183A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4973419A (en) * | 1988-12-30 | 1990-11-27 | Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Hydrated alkali metal phosphate and silicated salt compositions |
| US5338528A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1994-08-16 | Eka Nobel Ab | Alkali metal silicate composition with sodium carbonate additive |
| US5344633A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1994-09-06 | Eka Nobel Ab | Alkali metal silicate composition with potassium compound additive |
| US5547603A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1996-08-20 | Eka Nobel Ab | Silicate composition |
| JPH04275400A (ja) * | 1990-11-30 | 1992-09-30 | Rhone Poulenc Chim | 洗剤組成物用のアルカリ金属シリケートをベースにしたビルダー剤 |
| JP2594893B2 (ja) | 1990-11-30 | 1997-03-26 | ローヌ−プーラン・シミ | 洗剤組成物用のアルカリ金属シリケートのコグラニュール形態のビルダー剤 |
| JP2631051B2 (ja) | 1990-11-30 | 1997-07-16 | ローヌープーラン・シミ | 洗剤組成物用のアルカリ金属シリケートをベースにしたビルダー剤 |
| US5700294A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1997-12-23 | Rhone-Poulenc Chimie | Method of washing with detergent compositions comprising amorphous silicoaluminate scavengers of calcium precipitates |
| US5798328A (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1998-08-25 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Detergent composition comprising carbonate-amorphous silicate compound as builder and processes of using same |
| US6013617A (en) * | 1996-01-19 | 2000-01-11 | Rhone-Poulenc Chimie | Q2 /Q3 alkali metal silicate/inorganic compound detergent builders |
| WO2002090487A1 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2002-11-14 | Ineos Silicas Limited | Granular carbonate and silicate-containing compositions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7306183A (cs) | 1973-11-06 |
| DE2322123A1 (de) | 1973-11-22 |
| GB1396215A (en) | 1975-06-04 |
| FR2183132A1 (cs) | 1973-12-14 |
| FR2183132B3 (cs) | 1976-04-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AS | Assignment |
Owner name: OCCIDENTIAL ELECTROCHEMICALS CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:DIAMOND SHAMROCK CHEMICALS COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:004748/0932 Effective date: 19860923 |