US3819968A - Rotary anode for x-ray tubes - Google Patents

Rotary anode for x-ray tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3819968A
US3819968A US00360408A US36040873A US3819968A US 3819968 A US3819968 A US 3819968A US 00360408 A US00360408 A US 00360408A US 36040873 A US36040873 A US 36040873A US 3819968 A US3819968 A US 3819968A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tube
casing
axle
rotor
rotary
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00360408A
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K Haberrecker
S Gunther
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
    • H01J35/101—Arrangements for rotating anodes, e.g. supporting means, means for greasing, means for sealing the axle or means for shielding or protecting the driving
    • H01J35/1017—Bearings for rotating anodes
    • H01J35/1024—Rolling bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/10—Drive means for anode (target) substrate
    • H01J2235/1046—Bearings and bearing contact surfaces
    • H01J2235/1053—Retainers or races
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/10—Drive means for anode (target) substrate
    • H01J2235/1093—Measures for preventing vibration

Definitions

  • a rotary anode for X-ray tubes wherein the rotary system consisting of the plate, rotor and bearings is [30] Foreign Application Priority Data June 2, 1972 connected by springs with the casing'of the tube.
  • Germany........v..v...,............ 2226714 invention is particularly characterized in that the plate and the rotor are mounted upon an axle to which a rotary ring of each f two bearings is connect-edwhile Fieid 313/60 the other rotary ring engages a tube provided wlth springs which provide a connection with the casing and have their own frequency which is substantially less than the driving frequency.
  • An object of the present invention is to improve existing constructions of this type.
  • the rotary system is separated from the casing and thus from the cathode with respect to transmission of mechanical vibrations in that the plate and the rotor are mounted upon an axle to which one of the two running rings of the bearings is connected, while the other ring engages a tube provided with springs which constitute a connection with the casing and which have own frequency which is considerably lower than the driving frequency.
  • separating resilient means can be used all elements which can prevent the transmission of vibrations. They can be, as already stated, any springs which are effective between the rotation system and the casing. In a simple but effective construction of the present invention sheet springs are used cut in the tube supporting the bearings. However, other spring devices can be also suitable which make use of the resilient action of spiral springs, etc.
  • the axis of the plate is a central shaft upon which sit the inner rotary rings of the two bearings, while outer rings engage a tube the outer side of which carries the springs.
  • a tube is attached to the casing which constitutes a plug socket into which the tube connected with the bearings is inserted and which is held primarily by the resulting pressure of the springs.
  • grooves, beads, etc. are provided for the springs.
  • the rotational system is manufactured separately from the rest of the tube and is inserted into the casing after the other tube parts are finished. In case of a separable casing the rotary system can easily exchanged at any time.
  • An equivalent solution is provided by providing the springs at the inner side of the outer casing.
  • FIG. 1 is a section through an X-ray tube of the present invention and specifically shows the arrangement of the resilient means at a tube interconnecting the bearings.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial section through a differently constructed upper bearing wherein the resilient means are arranged at a tube fixed to the casing.
  • the X-ray tube with rotary anode shown in FIG. 1 has a cylindrical casing l and a tube 2 fixed to a front surface of the casing and open to the interior.
  • This tube 2 carries the actual rotary system 3 which includes the two ball bearings 4 and 5. They hold the axle 6 in the middle of the tube 7.
  • This provides the connection of the rotary system 3 through the tube 2 with the casing 1.
  • the rotor 9 consists of copper; its interior is coated by a layer 10 which consists of iron and has a thickness of about 5 mm. The iron can be also applied in the form of a tube.
  • the upper free end of the rotor 9 carries the part 11 of the axle 6 upon which is located the actual rotary anode plate 12 consisting of tungsten.
  • the X-ray tube is operated in the known manner by actuating voltage applied between the line 13 and the tube 2.
  • actuating voltage applied between the line 13 and the tube 2.
  • a heating voltage of 20 v. between the line 13 and one of the two other lines 14 or 15 the plate 12 is struck by electrons, so that X-rays are produced which can be used in a known manner for making X-ray pictures, etc.
  • the plate 12 rotates since from the outside a stator of known design is applied to the casing 1 which produces a rotational moment in the rotor 9 by means of an alternating field. This causes the rotation of the axle 6 which rotates in bearings 4 and 5, the inner rotary rings 16 and 17 of which lie upon the axle 6.
  • the outer rotary rings 18 and 19 engage the tube 7.
  • This tube 7 consists of iron and in annular zones parallel to the bearings 4 and 5 has several outwardly bent tongue-like extensions. There are four of such tongues in each zone in this embodiment.
  • the drawing shows at the upper bearing two tongues 20 and 21 and at the lower bearing two tongues 22 and 23.
  • the insertion of the rotary system 3 is limited by inwardly extending collars 23' which form a snap-in groove for the springs 22, 23 and limit precisely the extent of the insertion.
  • the tongues 20 to 23 receive continuously resilient properties which produce a sufficiently firm hold to resist rotary frequencies developed in X-ray tubes and mechanical loads resulting from supports as well as movements.
  • FIG. 2 shows an outer tube 24 which corresponds to the tube 2 of FIG. 1 and which receives the springs.
  • FIG. 2 shows springs 26 and 27 provided close to the bearing 25 which corresponds to the bearing 4. These springs support the inner tube 28 corresponding to the tube 7.
  • the construction of FIG. 2 has a further series of springs corresponding to the springs 22 and 23 of FIG. 1, so as to provide a sufficiently stable hold.
  • Grooves 29 constitute the fixing means into which snap the springs 26, 27.
  • the axle 30 of the anode is separated from the casing by running rings.
  • FIG. 2 shows rings 32 and 32 othe upper bearing 25.
  • An X-ray tube with rotary anode comprising a casing, an anode plate within said casing, a rotor, an axle connected with said plate and said rotor, two spaced bearings, a tube enclosing a part of said axle, each of said bearings having an inner ring carried by said axle and an outer ring connected with said tube, and resilient means connecting said tube with said casing and having own frequency which is substantially lower than the driving frequency.
  • An X-ray tube with rotary anode comprising a tube carried by an end of said casing, the first-mentioned mentioned tube fitting into the second-mentioned tube, and wherein said axle is a central shaft and said resilient means are carried by an outer surface of the first-mentioned tube.
  • An X-ray tube with rotary anode comprising a casing, an anode plate with said casing, a rotor, an axle connected with said plate and said rotor, two spaced bearings, a tube enclosing a part of said axle, each of said bearings having an inner ring carried by said axle and an outer ring connected with said tube, another tube enclosing the first-mentioned tube, and resilient means connecting the second-mentioned tube with said casing and having own frequency which is substantially lower than the driving frequency.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Abstract

A rotary anode for X-ray tubes, wherein the rotary system consisting of the plate, rotor and bearings is connected by springs with the casing of the tube. The invention is particularly characterized in that the plate and the rotor are mounted upon an axle to which a rotary ring of each of two bearings is connected, while the other rotary ring engages a tube provided with springs which provide a connection with the casing and have their own frequency which is substantially less than the driving frequency.

Description

[ June 25, 1974 United States Patent 1191 Haberrecker et al.
[ ROTARY ANODE FOR X-RAY TUBES 2/1960 Zunick......... 313/60 [75] Inventors: Klaus Haberrecker; Stefan Giinther, n Karl Saalbach Brirnqry Examiner-Henna Assistant both of Erlangen, Germany [73] Assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschait,
:l aw we o c& a e .d WT. V a mh am j Mr 2 h 2m Si FLA e n w an X r h m t A A [22] Filed:
A rotary anode for X-ray tubes, wherein the rotary system consisting of the plate, rotor and bearings is [30] Foreign Application Priority Data June 2, 1972 connected by springs with the casing'of the tube. The
Germany........v..v...,............ 2226714 invention is particularly characterized in that the plate and the rotor are mounted upon an axle to which a rotary ring of each f two bearings is connect-edwhile Fieid 313/60 the other rotary ring engages a tube provided wlth springs which provide a connection with the casing and have their own frequency which is substantially less than the driving frequency.
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2.671608 v 5/1954 Cordingly 313/60 5 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures "aha ROTARY ANODE FOR X-RAY TUBES This invention relates to a rotary anode for X-ray tubes, wherein the rotary system consisting of the plate, the rotor and bearings is connected by springs with the casing of the tube. Spring connections are provided so that the rotary anode should not produce any vibrations or transmit them outwardly.
In a known X-ray tube with a rotary anode at least one of the running rings of the bearings is connected by a disc spring with its corresponding structural part. In a tube of this type there is resiliency in the longitudinal direction of the axle but none in the transverse direction. Thus oscillations of the rotary system are always transmitted to the casing and thus to the cathode in which a glowing wire, namely a glow coil, is located. This coil then begins to swing and strikes its cover representing a Wehnelt cylinder. Weldings can then take place which will make the cathode and thus the tube unuseable.
An object of the present invention is to improve existing constructions of this type.
In the accomplishment of the objectives of the present invention the rotary system is separated from the casing and thus from the cathode with respect to transmission of mechanical vibrations in that the plate and the rotor are mounted upon an axle to which one of the two running rings of the bearings is connected, while the other ring engages a tube provided with springs which constitute a connection with the casing and which have own frequency which is considerably lower than the driving frequency.
In a tube of this type all rotating parts of the tube are mechanically separated from other parts of the tube, since due to the spring parts the amplitude resonance works in the opposite direction, so that there is transmitted only a fraction of the vibration amplitude which approaches zero.
This arrangement prevents in a simple manner that vibrations of the rotor could be transmitted to the cathode with resulting losses in the tube based upon the damage to the cathode. Furthermore outwardly projecting noises are dampened. In addition, any imbalance which can take place is balanced out automatically since the springs permit a new setting of the location of the rotary axle. It is merely necessary to make certain that there is sufficient space for deviations between the rotor and the support, as well as a sufficient resilient path making possible the deviation.
As separating resilient means can be used all elements which can prevent the transmission of vibrations. They can be, as already stated, any springs which are effective between the rotation system and the casing. In a simple but effective construction of the present invention sheet springs are used cut in the tube supporting the bearings. However, other spring devices can be also suitable which make use of the resilient action of spiral springs, etc.
According to an embodiment which is constructionally very easy and which facilitates the making of tubes, the axis of the plate is a central shaft upon which sit the inner rotary rings of the two bearings, while outer rings engage a tube the outer side of which carries the springs. A tube is attached to the casing which constitutes a plug socket into which the tube connected with the bearings is inserted and which is held primarily by the resulting pressure of the springs. To maintain a predetermined position indentations, grooves, beads, etc. are provided for the springs. For this construction the rotational system is manufactured separately from the rest of the tube and is inserted into the casing after the other tube parts are finished. In case of a separable casing the rotary system can easily exchanged at any time. An equivalent solution is provided by providing the springs at the inner side of the outer casing.
The invention will appear more clearly from the following detailed description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawing showing by way of example only, preferred embodiments of the inventive idea.
In the drawing:
FIG. 1 is a section through an X-ray tube of the present invention and specifically shows the arrangement of the resilient means at a tube interconnecting the bearings.
FIG. 2 is a partial section through a differently constructed upper bearing wherein the resilient means are arranged at a tube fixed to the casing.
The X-ray tube with rotary anode shown in FIG. 1 has a cylindrical casing l and a tube 2 fixed to a front surface of the casing and open to the interior. This tube 2 carries the actual rotary system 3 which includes the two ball bearings 4 and 5. They hold the axle 6 in the middle of the tube 7. This provides the connection of the rotary system 3 through the tube 2 with the casing 1. The rotor 9 consists of copper; its interior is coated by a layer 10 which consists of iron and has a thickness of about 5 mm. The iron can be also applied in the form of a tube. The upper free end of the rotor 9 carries the part 11 of the axle 6 upon which is located the actual rotary anode plate 12 consisting of tungsten.
The X-ray tube is operated in the known manner by actuating voltage applied between the line 13 and the tube 2. By applying a heating voltage of 20 v. between the line 13 and one of the two other lines 14 or 15 the plate 12 is struck by electrons, so that X-rays are produced which can be used in a known manner for making X-ray pictures, etc. Then the plate 12 rotates since from the outside a stator of known design is applied to the casing 1 which produces a rotational moment in the rotor 9 by means of an alternating field. This causes the rotation of the axle 6 which rotates in bearings 4 and 5, the inner rotary rings 16 and 17 of which lie upon the axle 6. The outer rotary rings 18 and 19 engage the tube 7. This tube 7 consists of iron and in annular zones parallel to the bearings 4 and 5 has several outwardly bent tongue-like extensions. There are four of such tongues in each zone in this embodiment. The drawing shows at the upper bearing two tongues 20 and 21 and at the lower bearing two tongues 22 and 23. The insertion of the rotary system 3 is limited by inwardly extending collars 23' which form a snap-in groove for the springs 22, 23 and limit precisely the extent of the insertion. By using spring steel which resists high temperatures as the material for the tube 7, the tongues 20 to 23 receive continuously resilient properties which produce a sufficiently firm hold to resist rotary frequencies developed in X-ray tubes and mechanical loads resulting from supports as well as movements.
The section illustrated in FIG. 2 shows an outer tube 24 which corresponds to the tube 2 of FIG. 1 and which receives the springs. FIG. 2 shows springs 26 and 27 provided close to the bearing 25 which corresponds to the bearing 4. These springs support the inner tube 28 corresponding to the tube 7. At a location away from the bearing the construction of FIG. 2 has a further series of springs corresponding to the springs 22 and 23 of FIG. 1, so as to provide a sufficiently stable hold. Grooves 29 constitute the fixing means into which snap the springs 26, 27. In this construction similarly to that of FIG. 1, the axle 30 of the anode is separated from the casing by running rings. FIG. 2 shows rings 32 and 32 othe upper bearing 25.
What is claimed is:
1. An X-ray tube with rotary anode, comprising a casing, an anode plate within said casing, a rotor, an axle connected with said plate and said rotor, two spaced bearings, a tube enclosing a part of said axle, each of said bearings having an inner ring carried by said axle and an outer ring connected with said tube, and resilient means connecting said tube with said casing and having own frequency which is substantially lower than the driving frequency.
2. An X-ray tube with rotary anode, according to claim 1, comprising a tube carried by an end of said casing, the first-mentioned mentioned tube fitting into the second-mentioned tube, and wherein said axle is a central shaft and said resilient means are carried by an outer surface of the first-mentioned tube.
3. An X-ray tube with rotary anode according to claim 2, wherein said resilient means are tongues cut out of the first-mentioned tube.
4. An X-ray tube with rotary anode, comprising a casing, an anode plate with said casing, a rotor, an axle connected with said plate and said rotor, two spaced bearings, a tube enclosing a part of said axle, each of said bearings having an inner ring carried by said axle and an outer ring connected with said tube, another tube enclosing the first-mentioned tube, and resilient means connecting the second-mentioned tube with said casing and having own frequency which is substantially lower than the driving frequency.
5. An X-ray tube with rotary anode according to claim 4, wherein said resilient means are tongues cut out of the second-mentioned tube.

Claims (5)

1. An X-ray tube with rotary anode, comprising a casing, an anode plate within said casing, a rotor, an axle connected with said plate and said rotor, two spaced bearings, a tube enclosing a part of said axle, each of said bearings having an inner ring carried by said axle and an outer ring connected with said tube, and resilient means connecting said tube with said casing and having own frequency which is substantially lower than the driving frequency.
2. An X-ray tube with rotary anode, according to claim 1, comprising a tube carried by an end of said casing, the first-mentioned mentioned tube fitting into the second-mentioned tube, and wherein said axle is a central shaft and said resilient means are carried by an outer surface of the first-mentioned tube.
3. An X-ray tube with rotary anode according to claim 2, wherein said resilient means are tongues cut out of the first-mentioned tube.
4. An X-ray tube with rotary anode, comprising a casing, an anode plate with said casing, a rotor, an axle connected with said plate and said rotor, two spaced bearings, a tube enclosing a part of said axle, each of said bearings having an inner ring carried by said axle and an outer ring connected with said tube, another tube enclosing the first-mentioned tube, and resilient means connecting the second-mentioned tube with said casing and having own frequency which is substantially lower than the driving frequency.
5. An X-ray tube with rotary anode according to claim 4, wherein said resilient means are tongues cut out of the second-mentioned tube.
US00360408A 1972-06-02 1973-05-15 Rotary anode for x-ray tubes Expired - Lifetime US3819968A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2226714A DE2226714C3 (en) 1972-06-02 1972-06-02 Rotating anode arrangement of an X-ray tube with ball bearings mounted in a sleeve-shaped tube via radial springs

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US3819968A true US3819968A (en) 1974-06-25

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JP (1) JPS4957786A (en)
CH (1) CH549284A (en)
DE (1) DE2226714C3 (en)
FR (1) FR2186730B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1435606A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4635283A (en) * 1983-03-31 1987-01-06 Zvl Vyzkumny Ustav Pro Valiva Loziska Brno Mounting for the rotary anode of an x-ray tube
US4637040A (en) * 1983-07-28 1987-01-13 Elscint, Ltd. Plural source computerized tomography device with improved resolution
US4736400A (en) * 1986-01-09 1988-04-05 The Machlett Laboratories, Inc. Diffusion bonded x-ray target
WO2014140099A2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Nikon Metrology Nv X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotary target assembly, rotary target, and rotary vacuum seal
CN105261543A (en) * 2015-09-02 2016-01-20 北京艾立科技有限公司 Single-target-surface multi-focus-point X-ray bulb tube
CN111033674A (en) * 2017-08-31 2020-04-17 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 Radiation emitting device

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3004706C2 (en) * 1980-02-08 1982-02-18 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Rotating anode X-ray tube
DE19624919A1 (en) * 1996-06-21 1997-08-28 Siemens Ag Rotary anode X=ray tube

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1021511B (en) * 1954-10-12 1957-12-27 Gen Electric X-ray tube with rotating anode
DE1059118B (en) * 1958-03-22 1959-06-11 Siemens Reiniger Werke Ag Rotating anode X-ray tube
DE1525170A1 (en) * 1965-07-16 1969-08-14 Mueller C H F Gmbh Holder for the ball bearing adjacent to the free end of a rapidly rotating, overhung shaft, in particular for an X-ray tube rotating anode

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4635283A (en) * 1983-03-31 1987-01-06 Zvl Vyzkumny Ustav Pro Valiva Loziska Brno Mounting for the rotary anode of an x-ray tube
US4637040A (en) * 1983-07-28 1987-01-13 Elscint, Ltd. Plural source computerized tomography device with improved resolution
US4736400A (en) * 1986-01-09 1988-04-05 The Machlett Laboratories, Inc. Diffusion bonded x-ray target
CN106935462B (en) * 2013-03-15 2018-11-02 尼康计量公众有限公司 X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotation target assembly, rotary target and rotating vacuum seals part
US10020157B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-07-10 Nikon Metrology Nv X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotary target assembly, rotary target, and rotary vacuum seal
WO2014140099A2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Nikon Metrology Nv X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotary target assembly, rotary target, and rotary vacuum seal
EP3109886A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-12-28 Nikon Metrology NV Rotary target assembly and x-ray gun
CN106935462A (en) * 2013-03-15 2017-07-07 尼康计量公众有限公司 X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotation target assembly, rotary target and rotating vacuum seals part
US9941090B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-04-10 Nikon Metrology Nv X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotary target assembly, and rotary vacuum seal
US9947501B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-04-17 Nikon Metrology Nv X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotary target assembly, rotary target, and rotary vacuum seal
US9966217B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-05-08 Nikon Metrology Nv X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotary target assembly, rotary target, and rotary vacuum seal
US10008357B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-06-26 Nikon Metrology Nv X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotary target assembly, rotary target, and rotary vacuum seal
WO2014140099A3 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-10-30 Nikon Metrology Nv X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotary target assembly, rotary target, and rotary vacuum seal
US10096446B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-10-09 Nikon Metrology Nv X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotary target assembly, rotary target, and rotary vacuum seal
US10102997B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2018-10-16 Nikon Metrology Nv X-ray source, high-voltage generator, electron beam gun, rotary target assembly, rotary target, and rotary vacuum seal
CN105261543A (en) * 2015-09-02 2016-01-20 北京艾立科技有限公司 Single-target-surface multi-focus-point X-ray bulb tube
CN111033674A (en) * 2017-08-31 2020-04-17 上海联影医疗科技有限公司 Radiation emitting device
US10825637B2 (en) 2017-08-31 2020-11-03 Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd. Radiation emission device
EP3659171A4 (en) * 2017-08-31 2020-12-16 Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd. Radiation emission device
US11361930B2 (en) 2017-08-31 2022-06-14 Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd. Radiation emission device
US12074006B2 (en) 2017-08-31 2024-08-27 Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd. Radiation emission device

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Publication number Publication date
DE2226714C3 (en) 1975-06-05
FR2186730A1 (en) 1974-01-11
JPS4957786A (en) 1974-06-05
CH549284A (en) 1974-05-15
DE2226714B2 (en) 1974-10-03
GB1435606A (en) 1976-05-12
FR2186730B1 (en) 1978-02-10
DE2226714A1 (en) 1973-12-13

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