US3818908A - Medicament dispenser - Google Patents

Medicament dispenser Download PDF

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Publication number
US3818908A
US3818908A US00278538A US27853872A US3818908A US 3818908 A US3818908 A US 3818908A US 00278538 A US00278538 A US 00278538A US 27853872 A US27853872 A US 27853872A US 3818908 A US3818908 A US 3818908A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bore
piston
cylinder
outlet
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00278538A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Phillips
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Riker Laboratories Inc
Original Assignee
Riker Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US00278538A priority Critical patent/US3818908A/en
Application filed by Riker Laboratories Inc filed Critical Riker Laboratories Inc
Priority to DE19732339828 priority patent/DE2339828A1/de
Priority to GB1828575A priority patent/GB1446868A/en
Priority to GB3725773A priority patent/GB1446867A/en
Priority to JP48088287A priority patent/JPS4958693A/ja
Priority to FR7328681A priority patent/FR2195459B1/fr
Priority to AU58935/73A priority patent/AU478607B2/en
Priority to US430219A priority patent/US3900138A/en
Priority to BE141511A priority patent/BE811715A/xx
Priority to AR252564A priority patent/AR203841Q/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3818908A publication Critical patent/US3818908A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0065—Inhalators with dosage or measuring devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/009—Inhalators using medicine packages with incorporated spraying means, e.g. aerosol cans

Definitions

  • dispensers for medicaments which are packaged in containers with a propellant are illustrated in US. Pat. Nos. 3,157,179 and 3,456,644. While these patents are only examples of numerous patents relating to dispensers where the medicament is either a solid or a liquidfland soluble or insoluble in the propellant such as the Freon" types of propellants they show the present state of the art on inhalation dispensers.
  • An alternative dispensing device is shown in US. Pat. No. 2,95l,644, wherein an appropriate gas under pressure ina container is used to atomize the medicaments from a reservoir so long as the container is open to allow the gas to develop a partial vacuum over a tube. The tube extends into the reservoir for the fluent and discharges it by atomization.
  • the present invention provides a dispenser for medicements such that meteredamounts of the medicament will be discharged in a nebulized state and available for inhalation by a patient.
  • the dispenser comprises a tubular housing having a generally cylindrical shape and formed with a laterally extending mouthpiece.
  • a piston like body having a reservoir for the liquid, a metering pump having an inlet communicating with said reservoir and an outlet communicating with the mouthpiece of the housing.
  • An op erator is provided for operating a movable piston in the metering pump to dispense a metered amount of said liquid from the outlet under pressure.
  • a mechanical actuator actuates the operator upon the triggering of resettable release means which release said mechanical actuator.
  • a cooperating structure for compressing'air and directing the air toward said outlet of the metering pump.
  • This air com-' pressing means is also operated by the mechanical actuator and carries the fluid discharged from the pump outlet through the mouthpiece and nebulizes the same to make it available for inhalation by the patient.
  • the present invention provides a novel dispenser where the medicament does not have to be packaged with a propellant and one wherein the ambient air isment may be supplied in a replaceable canister including a metering pump or in a replaceable cartridge.
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the, dispenser during operation of the dispenser; 7
  • FIG. 5 is auverticalv sectional viewof the dispenser upon completion of the operation of the dispenser to dispense a metered amount of liquid
  • FIG. 6 is a transverse sectional view taken along the lines 6-6 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 7 is a transverse sectional view taken along line I 7-7 of FIG. 3.
  • a dispenser 10 comprising a tubular housing 11 formed with a hollowed laterally projecting discharge passageway or. mouthpiece 12 to aid the patient in inhaling the discharge from the dispenser.
  • the inner diameter of the housing 11 is changed to form a shoulder 14 intermediate the length thereof. The diameter is smaller at the end near the mouthpiece 12.
  • a base 15 which is secured by a bayonet joint.
  • the base 15 has a first large bore I6 which receives the body 17 defining a replaceable canister.
  • An opening 18 in the sidewall of the base 15 will communicate with the mouthpiece 12.
  • the opening 18 as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5 also communicates with a small diameter passageway- 19 leading from an axially extending bore 20 having a smaller diameter than that of the'bore 16.
  • the passageway 19 is part of the air compression means 7 which will be hereinafter described.
  • the canister 17 is generally cylindrical and is formed with a first axially extending bore 22 forming cylindrical walls defining a reservoir for a quantity of liquid and a second bore 23 which when the canister 17 is in position will align and communicate with the bore 20 in the tending passage 25 with the reservoir 22 to define an inlet into the pump and an opposed passage 26 communicates with the opening 18 in the base 15 to define an outlet from the pump.
  • a tube or nozzle may be fitted at the end of passage 26 to direct and change the discharge.
  • a recess 28 formed about the bore 24 receives a compression spring 29 which drives a flange 30 secured to a piston 31 toward a charge or metering position for the rotary piston pump.
  • the piston 31 has a pair of obliquely positioned 0 rings 32 surrounding the piston which 0 rings seal with the bore 24.
  • a cam follower 33 engageable by an operator 36 defining means for reciprocating and sequentially oscillating the piston through a given angle of rotational movement. The amount of rotation is preferably less than 90 but can be about 180.
  • the reservoir 22 is sealed and vented by a suitable stopper 35.
  • the operator 36 has the form of a long slender rod having an axially extending tapered cam 37 formed adjacent one end, which upon reciprocation of the rod will cause a reciprocation of the piston 31.
  • cam surfaces 38 and 39 At opposite ends of the axially extending cam 37 are cam surfaces 38 and 39 which cooperate with the cam follower 33 on the extended end of the piston 31 causing the same to rotate about its axis in one direction or the other. Rotation of the piston 31 changes the position of the oblique rings 32 relative to the inlet 25 and outlet 26 such that liquid may be properly metered by the pump and discharged from the pump.
  • the end of the operator 36 opposite the end formed with the cams is formed with a head 40.
  • the head is placed in a key hole slot 51 to secure the rod 36 to a cylindrical body 412 to be hereinafter described.
  • a slot 43 Intermittent the ends of the operator 36 is a slot 43 which receives a set screw limiting its travel and permitting rotation of thesame during operation.
  • An axially extending groove 41 in the rod 36 provides an air passage from the top of the canister 17 along the rod to the bore and to the air passage 19.
  • An air compressing means is provided in the dispenser to deliver a charge of compressed air upon operation ofthe dispenser. This charge of compressed air is directed toward the liquid outlet of the rotary piston ter body 17 and the cylinder 42 is driven downward over the canister 17 to compress the air.
  • This air compressing means also comprises the narrow groove 41 formed in the operator 36, which permits the compressed air to movedownward through the bore 23 and the bore 20 into the passageway 19 to be directed toward the outlet.
  • a flange 48 Surrounding the open end, of the cylinder 42 is a flange 48. This flange slides along the inner bore of a cap 50 to be hereinafter described and is driven toward the shoulder M of the housing 11.
  • the closed end of the bore 45 is formed with the key hole slot 51 in which the head of the operator 36 may be received and placed in a fixed position.
  • a limit screw 52 cooperating with the slot 43 for determining the position of the operator 36 is threadably received through the wall of the canister body 17 into slot 43.
  • the mechanical actuator means comprises a compression spring 55 which surrounds the cylinder 42 and bears against a flange 56 formed on a second sleeve 58 which triggers the resettable release means to actuate the actuator to drive the air compressing means and the operator.
  • the sleeve 58 is cylindrical having a closed end wall 59 and is manually reciprocated in the dispenser.
  • the sleeve 58 is formed with axially extending slots 60'and 61 in its side walls to afford limited movement of the sleeve to compress spring 55 before unlocking the release means and the energy of the actuator.
  • the slots 60 and 61 do not extend down to the flange56.
  • the resettable release means comprise a pair of detents 63 and 641 which are received in a diametrical bore 65 in the closed end of the cylinder 42.
  • the detents 63 and 64 are spring biased outwardly by a compression spring 66 toward the interior walls of the shell 58 and extend through the slots 66 and 61 toward the inner cylindrical surface of cap 56 to seat above an inwardly projecting rib 63 formed in the cap St).
  • the cap is seated in the top of the housing ill and extends down to the shoulder 14.
  • the cap 56 holds the sleeves 58 and 42 in place between the shoulder 1 and rib 68.
  • the detents are placed in locked position by lifting the sleeve 58.
  • the detents are biased inwardly by the rib 68 engaging beveled ends thereof and then are snapped into place above the rib 68 when the bottom edge of the slots 60 and 6t reach a position above rib 68.
  • a keyway 69 in the cap 519 and a pin '70 in the flange 48 of the sleeve 42 prevent rotation of the sleeve and displacement of the operator 36 from the key hole slot 51.
  • the detents 63 and 64 are positioned above the rib 63 and the spring is in its expanded position between the flanges 56 and 48.
  • the piston 3t has been rotated by the cam 39 and follower 33 to close the inlet 25 and the outlet 26 is open.
  • the operator wishing 'to expell a metered amount of the medicament then places the thumb against the base 15 and the forefinger and/or the index finger upon the end wall 59 of the sleeve 58 to force the sleeve 58 into the cap 56.
  • the operator should be covering the mouthpiece t2 and beginning to inhale.
  • the medicament is expelled under pressure through the outlet 26 to be struck by the air discharged from the passageway 19 when the air pressure is highest.
  • the medicament is thus carried by the air out through the opening 118 into the passageway of the mouthpiece l2 and into the mouth and air canals of the operator.
  • the air discharged fromthe passageway 19 to nebulize the liquid can be atpressures between and 8 pounds per squareinchat standardternperature and atmosphericpressure.
  • the bore 45 of the shell 42 has a diameter of about 0.85 inch and ittravels a total of 0.8 inch.
  • Theshell travels about 0.4 inch to release the spring and when released the pressure therein is about 8 pounds.
  • the spring and the continued movement maintained by the operator then drives the shell 42.
  • the amount of liquid dispensed may be about 5, 6, or 7.microliters, depending on pump capa y
  • a predetermined amount of air under a predetermined amount of pressure is directed at the discharged liquid.
  • the predetermined amount of liquid is introduced into the air stream when the air is at its peak pressure.
  • a housing formed with a discharge passageway
  • metering pump means having an inlet communicating with said reservoir and an outlet communicating with said passageway for dispensing under pressure metered amountsof liquid from said reservoir
  • a dispenser according to claim 1 comprising resettable release means connected between said housing and said air compressing means for releasing said mechanical actuating means upon an operator applying pressure to said release means.
  • a dispenser according to claim 1 wherein said air compressing means comprises:
  • said mechanical actuating means comprises a helical compression spring disposed about the outer surface of said cylinder, said cylinder having a first position relative to said piston member wherein said compression spring is under compression and in which first position said cylinder is retained by said release means, and. a second position relative to said piston wherein air has been driven from said cylinder by said spring compression being dissipated, and said operator means has actuated said metering pump means.
  • a dispenser according to claim d wherein said metering pump means is a rotary piston pump comprising means defining a cylindrical bore, a piston slidably re-- ceived in said bore, spring means urging said piston out of said bore, passage means communicating with said bore to define said inlet and outlet and seal means on said piston for connecting the bore in fluid flow communicationwith said reservoir when said cylinder is in said first position and with said outlet when said cylinder is in said second position.
  • resettable release means are provided for releasing said mechanical actuating means and comprises:
  • detent means supported by said cylinder
  • manually actuatable means for compressing said compression spring with said cylinder in said first position and for unlocking said detent means and said shouldermeans to allow movement of said cylinder to said second position.
  • a dispenser according to claim ll wherein said metering pump means is a rotary piston pump comprising means defining a cylindrical bore, a piston slidably received in said bore, seal means on said piston connecting said bore with said inlet and then with said outlet upon operation of said actuating means, spring means urging said piston out of said bore, and passage means communicating with said bore to define said inlet and outlet.
  • a dispenser for an inhalation medicament comprising a tubular housing having a laterally projecting mouthpiece, a supply canister of medicament within said housing, means for metering a quantity of medicament for discharge upon actuation of an actuator on said dispenser, wherein the improvement comprises:
  • a rotary piston pump means for discharging a predetermined quantity of medicament from said canister and discharging the same from an outlet under pressure
  • means within said housing for providing a quantity of compressed air directed at said outlet and into said mouthpiece to carry said discharged medicament into said mouthpiece upon actuation of said actuator.
  • a dispenser according to claim 8 wherein said canister comprises:
  • a cylindrical shaped body member having an axially extending bore extending therethrough and a second bore forming a reservoir, said second bore extending toward one end, said body having a third bore extending generally diametrically and having third bore with said reservoir and said one end, and a spring positioned about said piston urging it from said bore.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
US00278538A 1972-08-07 1972-08-07 Medicament dispenser Expired - Lifetime US3818908A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00278538A US3818908A (en) 1972-08-07 1972-08-07 Medicament dispenser
GB1828575A GB1446868A (en) 1972-08-07 1973-08-06 Supply canister for medicament dispenser
GB3725773A GB1446867A (en) 1972-08-07 1973-08-06 Medicament dispenser
JP48088287A JPS4958693A (nl) 1972-08-07 1973-08-06
DE19732339828 DE2339828A1 (de) 1972-08-07 1973-08-06 Medikamentspender
FR7328681A FR2195459B1 (nl) 1972-08-07 1973-08-06
AU58935/73A AU478607B2 (en) 1972-08-07 1973-08-16 Medicament dispenser
US430219A US3900138A (en) 1972-08-07 1974-01-02 Medicament dispenser
BE141511A BE811715A (fr) 1972-08-07 1974-02-28 Inhalateur
AR252564A AR203841Q (es) 1972-08-07 1974-02-28 Aparato administrador de medicamento

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00278538A US3818908A (en) 1972-08-07 1972-08-07 Medicament dispenser

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3818908A true US3818908A (en) 1974-06-25

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ID=23065364

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00278538A Expired - Lifetime US3818908A (en) 1972-08-07 1972-08-07 Medicament dispenser

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3818908A (nl)
JP (1) JPS4958693A (nl)
AR (1) AR203841Q (nl)
BE (1) BE811715A (nl)
DE (1) DE2339828A1 (nl)
FR (1) FR2195459B1 (nl)
GB (2) GB1446868A (nl)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921637A (en) * 1973-07-23 1975-11-25 Bespak Industries Ltd Inhaler for powdered medicament
US3949939A (en) * 1975-03-26 1976-04-13 Smithkline Corporation Metered spray device
US4860738A (en) * 1982-12-20 1989-08-29 Schering Corporation Hand held metered spray dispenser
US5027808A (en) * 1990-10-31 1991-07-02 Tenax Corporation Breath-activated inhalation device
US5060643A (en) * 1990-08-07 1991-10-29 Tenax Corporation Breath-activated inhalation device
US5078129A (en) * 1987-05-01 1992-01-07 Research Foundation Of State University Of New York Device for stimulating salivation
US5662271A (en) * 1990-03-21 1997-09-02 Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh Atomizing devices and methods
US5964416A (en) * 1995-10-04 1999-10-12 Boehringer Ingelheim Gmbh Device for producing high pressure in a fluid in miniature
GB2366519A (en) * 2000-09-08 2002-03-13 Bespak Plc Dispensing apparatus
WO2006060462A1 (en) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-08 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Compositions and methods of treating irritation and kit therefor
US7073499B1 (en) 2001-02-06 2006-07-11 Injet Digital Aerosols Limited Inhaler with airflow regulation
US20060213506A1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2006-09-28 Astrazeneca Ab Inhalation device
US20060213505A1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2006-09-28 Astrazeneca Ab Inhalation device
US20060213510A1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2006-09-28 Astrazeneca Ab Inhalation device
US20060213504A1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2006-09-28 Astrazeneca Ab Inhalation device

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4027749A1 (de) * 1990-09-01 1992-03-05 Pfeiffer Erich Gmbh & Co Kg Austragvorrichtung fuer medien
DE4230452C2 (de) * 1992-09-11 1996-06-05 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Behältnis zur Aufbewahrung und Einzelausgabe von Dragees, die in vorgegebenen Zyklen anzuwenden sind
GB2536421A (en) * 2015-03-11 2016-09-21 Linde Ag A device for atomising a liquid

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3043524A (en) * 1959-11-10 1962-07-10 Step Soc Tech Pulverisation Metering sprayer device
US3180535A (en) * 1961-06-08 1965-04-27 Seary Ltd Metering valve assembly for use with pressurized containers having an insoluble propellant
US3187748A (en) * 1963-04-29 1965-06-08 Merck And Company Inc Inhalation-actuated aerosol device
US3369757A (en) * 1964-10-16 1968-02-20 Tech De Pulverisation Sa Soc Liquid spraying devices
US3379381A (en) * 1965-01-07 1968-04-23 Raymond Decaux Atomizer pump
US3456644A (en) * 1967-01-19 1969-07-22 Dart Ind Inc Inhalation-actuated aerosol dispensing device
US3647143A (en) * 1970-04-06 1972-03-07 Champion Spark Plug Co Atomizer

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2624621A (en) * 1951-06-28 1953-01-06 Vilbiss Co Atomizer

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3043524A (en) * 1959-11-10 1962-07-10 Step Soc Tech Pulverisation Metering sprayer device
US3180535A (en) * 1961-06-08 1965-04-27 Seary Ltd Metering valve assembly for use with pressurized containers having an insoluble propellant
US3187748A (en) * 1963-04-29 1965-06-08 Merck And Company Inc Inhalation-actuated aerosol device
US3369757A (en) * 1964-10-16 1968-02-20 Tech De Pulverisation Sa Soc Liquid spraying devices
US3379381A (en) * 1965-01-07 1968-04-23 Raymond Decaux Atomizer pump
US3456644A (en) * 1967-01-19 1969-07-22 Dart Ind Inc Inhalation-actuated aerosol dispensing device
US3647143A (en) * 1970-04-06 1972-03-07 Champion Spark Plug Co Atomizer

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921637A (en) * 1973-07-23 1975-11-25 Bespak Industries Ltd Inhaler for powdered medicament
US3949939A (en) * 1975-03-26 1976-04-13 Smithkline Corporation Metered spray device
US4860738A (en) * 1982-12-20 1989-08-29 Schering Corporation Hand held metered spray dispenser
US5078129A (en) * 1987-05-01 1992-01-07 Research Foundation Of State University Of New York Device for stimulating salivation
US5662271A (en) * 1990-03-21 1997-09-02 Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh Atomizing devices and methods
US5060643A (en) * 1990-08-07 1991-10-29 Tenax Corporation Breath-activated inhalation device
US5027808A (en) * 1990-10-31 1991-07-02 Tenax Corporation Breath-activated inhalation device
US20040178227A1 (en) * 1995-10-04 2004-09-16 Boehringer International Gmbh Device for producing high pressure in a fluid in miniature
US20050252990A1 (en) * 1995-10-04 2005-11-17 Joachim Jaeger Device for producing high pressure in a fluid in miniature
US6402055B1 (en) 1995-10-04 2002-06-11 Boehringer Ingelheim Gmbh Device for producing high pressure in a fluid in miniature
US7104470B2 (en) 1995-10-04 2006-09-12 Boehringer Ingelheim International Gmbh Device for producing high pressure in a fluid in miniature
US6497373B2 (en) 1995-10-04 2002-12-24 Boehringer International Gmbh Device for producing high pressure in a fluid in miniature
US5964416A (en) * 1995-10-04 1999-10-12 Boehringer Ingelheim Gmbh Device for producing high pressure in a fluid in miniature
US6918547B2 (en) 1995-10-04 2005-07-19 Joachim Jaeger Device for producing high pressure in a fluid in miniature
US20060213505A1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2006-09-28 Astrazeneca Ab Inhalation device
US20060213506A1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2006-09-28 Astrazeneca Ab Inhalation device
US20060213510A1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2006-09-28 Astrazeneca Ab Inhalation device
US20060213504A1 (en) * 1997-11-14 2006-09-28 Astrazeneca Ab Inhalation device
US7743765B2 (en) 1997-11-14 2010-06-29 Astrazeneca Ab Inhalation device
US7967011B2 (en) 1997-11-14 2011-06-28 Astrazeneca Ab Inhalation device
US8584668B2 (en) 1997-11-14 2013-11-19 Astrazeneca Ab Inhalation device
GB2366519B (en) * 2000-09-08 2002-11-20 Bespak Plc Improvements in or relating to dispensing apparatus
GB2366519A (en) * 2000-09-08 2002-03-13 Bespak Plc Dispensing apparatus
US7073499B1 (en) 2001-02-06 2006-07-11 Injet Digital Aerosols Limited Inhaler with airflow regulation
WO2006060462A1 (en) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-08 Johnson & Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc. Compositions and methods of treating irritation and kit therefor
US20060137684A1 (en) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-29 Celeste Evans Compositions and methods of treating irritation and kit therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1446868A (en) 1976-08-18
FR2195459A1 (nl) 1974-03-08
AR203841Q (es) 1975-10-31
DE2339828A1 (de) 1974-02-14
JPS4958693A (nl) 1974-06-06
AU5893573A (en) 1975-02-06
GB1446867A (en) 1976-08-18
FR2195459B1 (nl) 1978-05-26
BE811715A (fr) 1974-08-28

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