US3818384A - Planar ferrite phase shifter for microwaves of increased bandwidth - Google Patents

Planar ferrite phase shifter for microwaves of increased bandwidth Download PDF

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Publication number
US3818384A
US3818384A US00364520A US36452073A US3818384A US 3818384 A US3818384 A US 3818384A US 00364520 A US00364520 A US 00364520A US 36452073 A US36452073 A US 36452073A US 3818384 A US3818384 A US 3818384A
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Prior art keywords
straight
phase shifter
section
row
strip
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US00364520A
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English (en)
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W Schilz
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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Priority claimed from DE19722230390 external-priority patent/DE2230390C3/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • H01P1/19—Phase-shifters using a ferromagnetic device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a planar ferrite phase shifter having a meander-like microstrip line.
  • Phase shifters of this kind which can be controlled continuously (analog phase shifters) or digitally are often used in the microwave technique. Particularly for the construction of phased aerial arrays, in which the bundled microwave beam is electrically deflected, a large number of phase shifters is required. Small dimensions and low losses are some of the essential aspects for the usability of the phase shifters in such systems.
  • phase shifters of this kind are known inter alia from publications by G. E. Roome et al., I.E.E.E. Trans. MTT-16, 411 (1968), and G. R. Harrison et al., I.E- .E.E. Trans. M'IT-l9, 577 (1971).
  • These phase shifters utilize as waveguides microstrip lines which are provided on ferrite substrates in the form of so-termed meander lines. Coupling of the fields of adjoining line segments results in the generation of a circularly polarized high-frequency field when a microwave is applied to the meander line, the said circularly polarized field being used for changing the phase shift.
  • This effect is caused by the fact that the microwave is coupled, via this circular field, to the ferrite material which is used as the substrate, the said ferrite material being prepolarized by an adjustable static magnetic field.
  • the effective permeability p. of the material is dependent on the strength of the static magnetization of the substrate and on the direction of this magnetization with respect to the propagation direction of the microwave.
  • a continuous phase shift analog phase shifter
  • a discontinuous phase shift latching phase shifter
  • the width of the meander line is chosen to be such that the detour of the wave between two adjacent points amounts to one quarter wavelength 90. Because the meander line has filtering properties, there is an upper limit frequency f beyond which the attenuation of the line increases substantially.
  • the differential phase shift which can be obtained per unit of length that is the phase shift between two switching states of the magnetization, is substantially dependent on the frequency.
  • the differential phase shift increases particularly strongly in the region of the limit frequency f,,. This typical property of meander lines constitutes a critical limitation of the usable bandwidth and of the range of operating temperatures.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a phase shifter which has a constant differential phase shift over a large frequency range.
  • the phase shifter according to the invention is characterized in that the distance between adjacently arranged conductors is increased directly proportionally to the distance between the adjacently arranged meander lines in the direction of the closed end of each meander and is increased inversely proportionally to the width of the meander lines (fl-shaped structure).
  • a substantial reduction of the frequencydependency of the differential phase shift is achieved.
  • a substantially constant phase shift can be achieved in a comparatively large frequency range, (approximately 2 Gl-lz) by means of a ferrite substrate as well as by means of a non-magnetic substrate and ferrite blocks of a soft-magnetic or hard-magnetic material which are provided thereon.
  • FIG. 1 shows a known meandered phase shifter
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a phase shifter according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a graph in which the differential phase shift is plotted as a function of the frequency for the phase shifters shown in the FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the known phase shifter which is shown in FIG. 1 comprises a substrate 1 which is provided with a meandered strip line 2 on its upper side, the line having a width w, a pitch s and the meanders having a width b.
  • the substrate which is made, for example, of ferrite is provided on its lower side with a flat, properly conductive ground plane.
  • a microwave applied to the phase shifter causes a field configuration in which the magnetic field lines are situated in planes prpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the conductors and circularly enclose the conductors. For each meander magnetic field lines of line segments which are adjacently arranged intersect each other.
  • the polarization state of the fields between the conductors can be characterized by the ellipticity e (if e i 1 the fields are circularly polarized; if e 0: the fields are linearly polarized). Measurements of the values of 6 along the line Ill-IV demonstrated that the point of circular polarization (6 l) is displaced with the frequency along the line III-IV.
  • phase shifter in the invention so as to achieve a compensation for the transmission characteristic of the meander line as a function of the frequency, and hence an increased bandwidth.
  • an increase of the frequency f causes an increase of the phase shift per meander.
  • the point of circular polarization (6 l) is displaced, the strongest coupling with the ferrite taking place in the direction IV.
  • the frequency-dependent increase of the phase shift can be compensated for by a suitable extension of the structure, ie by increasing the parameter s/w. This results in the Q-shaped structure of the strip line 3 shown in FlG.
  • the substrate can alternatively be made of a non-magnetic material on which ferrite blocks of a soft-magnetic or hard-magnetic material are provided What is claimed is:
  • a planar phase shifter having a ferrite substrate adapted for being magnetically prepolarized and a conductive planar member on one side of the substrate, comprising a conductive strip on the opposite side of the substrate, said strip having a configuration formed of two substantially parallel rows of successively arranged straight strip sections, each straight section having a predetermined length and being spaced from a subsequent section in a row by a distance which is smaller than said length, and a plurality of shaped strip sections each connecting an end of a straight section in a row to the proximate opposite end of a straight sec tion in the other row.
  • each shaped strip section has straight end portions and an intermediate portion inclined relative to said straight end portions.
  • a planar phase shifter according to claim 2 wherein spacings between the straight sections in one row are located opposite central areas of respective straight sections in the other row.

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  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
  • Thin Magnetic Films (AREA)
US00364520A 1972-06-22 1973-05-29 Planar ferrite phase shifter for microwaves of increased bandwidth Expired - Lifetime US3818384A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722230390 DE2230390C3 (de) 1972-06-22 Planarer Ferritphasenschieber mit mäanderförmigen Mikrostreifenleiter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3818384A true US3818384A (en) 1974-06-18

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US00364520A Expired - Lifetime US3818384A (en) 1972-06-22 1973-05-29 Planar ferrite phase shifter for microwaves of increased bandwidth

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US (1) US3818384A (ko)
JP (1) JPS5228615B2 (ko)
FR (1) FR2189885B1 (ko)
GB (1) GB1430003A (ko)
NL (1) NL7308411A (ko)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5774025A (en) * 1995-08-07 1998-06-30 Northrop Grumman Corporation Planar phase shifters using low coercive force and fast switching, multilayerable ferrite

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115995662B (zh) * 2023-03-22 2023-06-23 普罗斯通信技术（苏州）有限公司 一种移相器

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3753162A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-08-14 D Charlton Microstrip ferrite phase shifters having time segments varying in length in accordance with preselected phase shift characteristic

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3478283A (en) * 1967-04-21 1969-11-11 Scientific Atlanta Reciprocal microwave phase shifter having two magnetizing conductors and one reset conductor

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3753162A (en) * 1971-09-27 1973-08-14 D Charlton Microstrip ferrite phase shifters having time segments varying in length in accordance with preselected phase shift characteristic

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5774025A (en) * 1995-08-07 1998-06-30 Northrop Grumman Corporation Planar phase shifters using low coercive force and fast switching, multilayerable ferrite

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2230390B2 (de) 1976-11-25
FR2189885B1 (ko) 1978-02-10
DE2230390A1 (de) 1974-01-10
JPS4958729A (ko) 1974-06-07
FR2189885A1 (ko) 1974-01-25
NL7308411A (ko) 1973-12-27
GB1430003A (en) 1976-03-31
JPS5228615B2 (ko) 1977-07-27

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