US3815494A - Apparatus for embossing moving webs - Google Patents

Apparatus for embossing moving webs Download PDF

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Publication number
US3815494A
US3815494A US00324908A US32490873A US3815494A US 3815494 A US3815494 A US 3815494A US 00324908 A US00324908 A US 00324908A US 32490873 A US32490873 A US 32490873A US 3815494 A US3815494 A US 3815494A
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Prior art keywords
tape
bars
length
embossing
reel
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US00324908A
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English (en)
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K Bahnmuller
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Madag Maschinen und Apparatebau Dietikon AG
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Madag Maschinen und Apparatebau Dietikon AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F19/00—Apparatus or machines for carrying out printing operations combined with other operations
    • B41F19/02—Apparatus or machines for carrying out printing operations combined with other operations with embossing
    • B41F19/06—Printing and embossing between a negative and a positive forme after inking and wiping the negative forme; Printing from an ink band treated with colour or "gold"
    • B41F19/062—Presses of the rotary type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2219/00—Printing presses using a heated printing foil
    • B41P2219/20—Arrangements for moving, supporting or positioning the printing foil

Definitions

  • the embossing tool is lifted clear of the web during the return [56] References C'ted stroke.
  • the transfer web is advanced during the em- UNITED STATES PATENTS bossing operation at substantially the same rate as the 1,630,824 5/1927 Boehner 101/27 moving web and retracted during the return stroke of 2,309,645 2/1943 Harrington et a1. 101/297 X the die at a reduced rate to effectively feed the web 2,381,921 8/1945 Nord progressively through the apparatus and present a use- 2,621,435 12/1952 Webe able transfer surface at each work stroke.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for identification marking of moving material webs or of individual flat work pieces moving in sequence by use of an embossing foil whose print or ink application is transferred, by means of a heated embossing tool, to the web of material or to the work pieces.
  • Embossing machines which employ a heated embossing tool in the form ofa driven cylinder which presents one or more embossing die sections on the periphery. If such an embossing cylinder is to be able to turn with uniform peripheral speed corresponding to the speed of the materialweb, the spacing of the successive impressions is thereby also determined. As soon as thereis the desire to be free of this limitation, which is to say, to be able to be free of the. previously mentioned spacing, major difficulties arise with respect both to the driving of the embossing tool which then, in spite of its great mass must be strongly accelerated or retarded, and with respect to the advance of the embossing foil.
  • the embossing tool in a manner that is known per se, is constituted as a lever or arm opposite a counter pressure or back-up roll that supports the web of material or succession of work pieces, the said lever or arm being reciprocatingly swingable past the said counter pressure roll on a supporting piece, and (b) a device for imparting a controlled swinging movement to the embossing tool also includes means operable in cadence with the swinging of the embossing tool to control the distance between the supporting piece of the embossing tool and the counter pressure roll in such away'that during each swinging work stroke of the embossing tool, or during at least the major part of such a stroke, the mentioned distance is maintained so that the embossing application at a standard value is guaranteed, and during every return stroke of the embossing tool the said distance at the start of the stroke is increased above the standard value, while at the end of the stroke it is diminished again to the standard value.
  • the size, and hence the space requirement and bulk of the embossing tool can be much reduced as compared to the full cylinder tool, whereby because of the diminished bulk and the reciprocating motion, the functional drive is much easier to effect, e.g., by means of a cam mechanism. Also delivery of current to the heating element incorporated in the embossing tool can be affected simply via flexible leads. Moreover, there are favorable conditions for a mechanism that greatly reduces the danger of tearing the embossing foil, for intermittent advance of the foil.
  • an advantageous embodiment of the subject of the invention is further characterized in that the supporting part on which the embossing tool is swingably supported comprises a supporting shaft eccentrically seated in an elementthat is rotatably mounted on a shaft that is fixed with reference to the axis of rotation of the counter pressure roll, and oscillated back and forth by a cam plate that executes one revolution during each work cycle of the device.
  • An embodiment of the subject of the invention that presents a device for advancing the embossing foil is further characterized in that the embossing foil advance device is so combined with that for the embossing tool swing drive that during each working swing stroke of. the embossing tool the section of embossing foil that is near it is moved forward at a speed equal to the peripheral speed of the embossing tool, and with each return swing stroke of the embossing tool, the section of embossing foil near it is moved back at a speed that is less than the peripheral speed of the embossing tool.
  • such an embodiment can be so constructed that the effective embossing foil advance per work cycle can be simply adjusted, smoothly, between a minimum value that is close to zero and a maximum that corresponds approximately to the greatest length of the embossing.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation view of the embossing device with the means for adjusting the embossing pressure shown in section, and the movable parts being shown in the position that they assume at the start of a work cycle, and with the embossing foil advancing means being set fora very slight advance of the foil;
  • FIG. 2 shows a view similar to that of FIG. 1, in which however the movable parts being shown ,in the position that develops after execution of half a work cycle;
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to that of FIG. I, but with the embossing foil advance set at its maximum;
  • FIG. 4 shows a section of a detail along line IVIV of FIG. 1.
  • Numeral 1 in the drawing designates a counter pressure roll of a suitable driven work conveyor system, concerning which in the present example it is assumed that it is freely rotatable about a shaft that is stationary, among other things, with reference to a pipe 2, that serves as a bearing element, and with reference to the axis of rotation of a drive shaft 3 on which a rigid supporting frame 4 is swingably but non-slidably borne by bearing means that are not illustrated.
  • Letter W designates the web of material, concerning which it is assumed that it moves at uniform speed in the direction of arrow w on a rubber elastic (e.g., VULKOLLAN, registered trademark) jacket 5 of counter pressure roll 1, e.g., toward a packaging machine.
  • the term web of material means for example a continuous web of paper, fabric, plastic or metallic foil:
  • sequence of flat work pieces means a continuous succession of individual flatwork pieces, e.g., package sections, lables, etc., which temporarily may be glued to a conveyor belt or otherwise held fast.
  • sequence of round parts means an intermittent succession of round work pieces, e.g., cylindrical cast pieces that halt in the embossing position and that turn on their own axes. In the following discussion, for the sake of simplicity, only a web of material is considered.
  • an essentially cylindrical supporting element 8 is rotatably borne.
  • This element 8 presents a bore that is shifted eccentrically downward by the amount e (FIG. 1). In the said bore there is seated a.
  • supporting shaft 9 whose terminal portions pivotally support embossing tool 10 with embossing die 10a, constituted as a two armed lever is borne so that it is reciprocatingly swingable. It is clearly to be seen that if supporting element 8 executes a counterclockwise rotation by angle a from the position illustrated in FIG. 1, for example, supporting shaft 9 and embossing tool lilalong with it will undergo a certain lifting.
  • the swing drive mechanism for embossing tool 10 presents a cam plate 11 fixed on drive shaft 3, the profile of said plate being contacted by a cam follower 12.
  • Said roll is borne on a touch lever 14 that is loaded by a tension spring 13.
  • Said lever 14 is borne on a fixed bearing pin 15 on supporting frame 4 and connected by an arm 16 with the upper arm of the lever that constitutes the embossing tool.
  • the mechanism for the reciprocation motion of element 8 by the mentioned angle a presents, in addition to cam plate 11, a fixed cam 17 on shaft 3, whose profile is contacted by a cam follower 18 that is borne on a'touch lever 19.
  • the said lever 19 is borne on a bearing pin 15, and as in the case of lever 14, it is spring loaded and connected to element 8 by an arm
  • Numeral 21 designates the embossing foil or transfer tape whose print or color application is transmitted by means of embossing tool 10a onto material web W.
  • a device now to be described, for the advance of this embossing foil is so combined with the above described device ll, 12, i3, 14, 16 for the swing drive of the embossing tool that during each working swing stroke of the embossing tool, the embossing foil section near it is advanced in the direction of movement of web W at the same speed as the peripheral speed of the embossing work tool, and with each return swing stroke of the embossing tool the section of embossing foil near it is moved back at a speed that is less than the peripheral speed of the embossing tool. From this difference of forward and backward speed, there is obtained the effective advance of the embossing foil strip per work cycle.
  • the embossing foil advance device includes a supply reel 22, a wind up reel 23, and an articulated fourbar control linkage for supporting and guiding a bight of the embossing foil along a path extending adjacent to the web at the work station.
  • the four-bar linkage and its associated foil guides include control levers 24, 25 borne at points 26 and 27 respectively on support frame 4, deflector rolls 28, 29, borne on control lever 24 near its bearing position or at its lower extremity, deflector rolls 30, 31 borne on control lever 25 at its bearing position or at its lower end, an arm 32 that connects an upper arm of control lever 24 with an articulated pin 33 fixed on the embossing tool 10, and that is of such length that lever 24 remains generally parallel to embossing tool 10.
  • Supply reel 22 is braked in a known way on a supporting shaft 40 fixed in the support frame 4.
  • Hub 4! is held by a nut 44 and a spring 45 in axial direction on a shaft 46, am: connected therewith by a wedge 47.
  • Shaft 46 is rotatably borne by two ball bearings 48 in a bearing element 4a of supporting frame 4 and connected by a wedge 49 with the inner ring 50 of a return lock whose outer ring 51 is fixed by a screw pin 53 on bearing element 4a.
  • Rollers 52 act in the usual way between rings 50, 51 to prevent a backward rotation counterclockwise as seen in F108. l-3 of shaft 46 and reel 23.
  • Shaft 46 has a flat head 46a at its forward end, against which head a friction plate 54 bears.
  • a crank ring plate 55 is disposed between the latter and a base plate 56 bearing on the inner race of adjacent ball bearing 48, itself freely rotatable on shaft 46 but pressed by the force of spring 45 against friction plate 54.
  • crank ring plate 55 is connected by a kind of friction coupling or friction clutch with shaft 46.
  • In an eccentric bore hole of crank ring plate 55 there is an articulation pin 57 by means of which one end of an arm 58 is articulated to crank ring plate 55,
  • the mechanism described primarily with reference to FIG. 4 acts, within each work cycle of the device during the work swing stroke (from left to right in FIGS. 1-3) of the embossing tool 10, of control lever 24, and depending upon the setting of slide 37 of control lever 25 also to wind up a length of embossing foil strip 21 on wind up reel 23, said length of foil strip being determined by the lag of control lever 25 with reference to lever 24, and the lag of deflector roll 31 with reference to deflector roll 29, winding off the foil from supply reel 22.
  • crank ring plate 55 driven by touch lever 14 of course always travels the same path of rotation: a locking of shaft 46 via the friction clutch to which friction plate 54 belongs can occur only to the extent necessary for the winding up of the length of embossing foil strip 21, however, Moreover, it must be rememberedhere that a reverse rotation of shaft 46 and wind up reel 23, hence an unwinding of the embossing foil strip from these elements, is made impossible by reverse lock 50, 51, 52. In the backward swing stroke of embossing tool 10 and of touch lever 14, (by
  • crank ring plate 55 is reversed.
  • the embossing pressure acting during the embossing process between effective section 10a of embossing tool 10, embossing foil strip, material web W and jacket 5 of counter pressure roll 1 is adjustable because of the device shown at the left in FIGS. I and 2 where it is to be recalled that the supporting frame 4 is swingably borne on drive shaft 3.
  • a projecting bolt 59 is welded fast on stay pipe 2. It presents a nut 60 that can be secured by a counter nut 61.
  • An eye 4b of supporting frame 4 is applied to said nut 60.
  • a series of plate springs 62 that are disposed between a cap 63 bearing on eye 4b and a nut 64 that is adjustable on bolt 59 and securable by counter nut 65.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 For description of the functioning of the apparatus as a whole, the positions according to FIGS. 1 and 3 are taken as starting position, whereby in FIG. I slide 37 is set to produce a minimal embossing foilstrip advance (assuming a low embossing image measured in the direction of advance) whereas in FIG. 3 slide 37 is set to produce a maximum advance of the embossing foil strip.
  • the effective swing or work stroke of embossing tool 10 occurs because of the spiral rise of the contacted profile section of cam plate 11, with lowered supporting shaft 9.
  • the second half turn has three stages, the first of about 30, the second of about 120, and the third of about 30.
  • embossing tool 10 is lifted into its right-hand reverse position by the rising portion of cam plate 17, hence by rotation of supporting element 8 by angle a.
  • the second stage from the-descending portion of the profile of cam plate 11, there is a backward swing or return stroke of the lifted embossing tool 10.
  • the third stage there is a descent of embossing tool 10 which is in the left-hand reverse position (or starting position).
  • the section of the embossing foil strip 21 passing from deflector roll 29 to deflector roll 31 must be advanced during this first half of the work cycle at a speed (from left to right) that is at least substantially equal to the peripheral speed of embossing tool part 10a; at the start of the embossing process (during which the equalizing is more or less total) there is synchronized running. Only in this way can there be a perfect embossing, and prevention of an undesired tearing action exerted on embossing foil strip 21.
  • This'equalizing is effected in that (a) the length of arm 32 is equal to the distance between shafts 9 and 26 of embossing tool 10 and of control lever 24 respectively when em-- bossing tool 10 is lowered (i.e., supporting element 8 not turned by angle a (b) the effective radius of'embossing tool 10 is equal to the distance of the horizontal embossing foil strip portion from shaft 26 of control lever 24.
  • the magnitude of the strip advanced corresponding to path c is adjusted in a way that corresponds to the height of the embossed image to be produced (still higher as in the illustrated length of work part a of embossing tool 10 as in FIG. 3). It is obvious that between the two extreme values of the advance path, any arbitrary intermediate value can be set by suitable adjustment of slide 37 on control lever 24. For indication of the resulting advance, a scale can be provided on one of these two parts and an index on the other. Similarly it is clear that, in a way not illustrated, the effective part of the embossing stamp can be exchangeably fixed to the body of said stamp.
  • the distance measured from middle to middle of two successive embossings amounts to about (10 for the forward swing stroke 1c for the reverse swing stroke) with rpm of the drive shaft 3 continuously adjusted to the speed of the material web.
  • This distance can be shortened (to a value between 1c and 20) if it is provided that angle b on cam plate 11 which governs the backward swing be made as small as possible.
  • the backward swing occurs from the spiral during the turning of cam plate 11 by an angle that amounts to approximately 360 b. The larger this angle (360 b) with respect to b, the shorter the distance of two successive embossings.
  • shaft 3 can-be driven by a single-revolution coupling of known construction, whereby the switching on of such a coupling can be controlled by known means, e.g., presenting a photocell that responds to marking points on the material web (or on any work piece fixed on a conveyor belt).-.
  • Touch lever 19 for example, via an angle lever, could vertically displace shiftable positions of counter pressure roll 1, up and down, to produce an effect similar to that produced in the described example by raising and lowering support shaft 9.
  • said apparatus including driven conveyor means for conveying the workpiece past a work station, an embossing die carried by an arm mounted for pivotal oscillatory movement about an axis extending transverse to and spaced from the path of movement of the workpiece at the work station, tape feed means for advancing the transfer tape through said apparatus, and drive means for driving the embossing die support arm in its oscillatory movement and for shifting the pivotal mounting of the arm toward and away from the work station in synchronization with its oscillatory movement to drive the embossing die along a closed path including a work stroke portion in which the die moves at the same rate and tangential to the workpiece with the transfer tape pressed therebetween and a return stroke portion spaced from and in a generally opposite direction to the work stroke, the improvement wherein said tape feed means comprises an articulated four-bar linkage including first and second elongated bars each having one end pivot
  • the apparatus as defined in claim 2 further comprising means for adjusting the point at which said third bar is connected to at least one of said first or second bars to thereby adjust the difference in travel of said guide means on said first and second bars during their oscillatory movement.
  • said means driving said arm in its oscillatory movement includes means maintaining the distance between its pivotal support and said work station constant during at least a substantial portion of said work stroke to thereby apply a substantially uniform pressure to the transfer tape by said embossing die during said portion of said work stroke.
  • pivotal support for said arm comprises a shaft mounted for rotation about an axis extending transverse to and spaced from the path of the workpiece, and an eccentric bearing on said shaft supporting said arm member, and cam actuating crank means for oscillating said shaft about its axis to shift said axis toward and away from said work station in synchronization with the oscillatory movement of said arm.
  • tape feed means comprises an articulated four-bar linkage including first and second elongated bars each having one end pivotally supported on a common ground and extending in spaced relation in the same general direction, a third bar extending between and having its opposed end portions pivotally connected to said first and second bars, a braked tape supply reel and a driven take-up reel, guide means on said first and second bars at points spaced from their respective pivotal supports for guiding the tape between said supply and take-up reels with a length of the tape extending between the guide means on said first and second bars and generally tangential to the path of said moving workpiece, drive means oscillating said first and second bars about their respective pivotal supports to move said length of tape in a closed path including a marking portion extending the same direction and at the same speed as said workpiece whereby the tape can be pressed into contact with said workpiece with an embossing die during said marking
  • the apparatus as defined in claim 8 further comprising means for adjusting the point at which said third bar is connected to at least one of said first or second bars to thereby adjust the difference in travel of said guide means on said first and second bars during their oscillatory movement.

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US00324908A 1972-02-01 1973-01-19 Apparatus for embossing moving webs Expired - Lifetime US3815494A (en)

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CH (1) CH560599A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2254108A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2171710A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1394152A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4044676A (en) * 1974-05-06 1977-08-30 Milford-Astor Limited Printing mechanism
US4048913A (en) * 1974-09-06 1977-09-20 Adolph Gottscho, Inc. Apparatus for repetitive imprinting at uniform increments on a continuously moving web
US4052935A (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-10-11 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Printing device
US4121516A (en) * 1977-01-03 1978-10-24 Bernard Amelot Sheet-metal marking press
US4351234A (en) * 1980-07-07 1982-09-28 General Foods Corporation Marking apparatus with orbiting marking head
US4627343A (en) * 1985-06-11 1986-12-09 Liepelt & Son, Inc. Cylinder press conversion for hot die application of foil
US4773775A (en) * 1983-11-04 1988-09-27 Kroy Inc. Tape-ribbon cartridge
US4904334A (en) * 1987-02-27 1990-02-27 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for color highlighting
US5507908A (en) * 1994-06-02 1996-04-16 Chinon Industries, Incorporated Coloring apparatus
US5682815A (en) * 1993-08-25 1997-11-04 Toray Industries, Inc. Apparatus for producing simple printing plate having open cells
US5775216A (en) * 1995-04-21 1998-07-07 Societe D'exploitation Des Machines Dubuit Gold blocking press type printing machine
US6378750B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-04-30 Agra Vadeko Inc. Method and apparatus for applying stripes to a moving web
US6387201B1 (en) * 1999-05-14 2002-05-14 Best Cutting Die Company Rotary hot foil stamping machine
US6561087B1 (en) * 1999-11-02 2003-05-13 Giovanni Gambini Multi-purpose embossing machine for producing embossed paper
US20040055481A1 (en) * 2002-09-25 2004-03-25 Gerhard Klassen Sheet punching or stamping and embossing machine
US20180001615A1 (en) * 2015-01-27 2018-01-04 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Marking machine and method for implementing such a machine
WO2021007304A1 (en) * 2019-07-09 2021-01-14 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Printing machine of the blocking press type
US11904595B2 (en) 2019-07-09 2024-02-20 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Printing machine of the blocking press type

Families Citing this family (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3440131C2 (de) * 1984-11-02 1987-04-02 Avery International Corp., Pasadena, Calif. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bedrucken eines Substrates durch Heissprägen
NZ213037A (en) * 1985-08-07 1989-01-06 North Shore Foil Stamping Spec Foil stamping press: foil feed arrangement
CN109279411B (zh) * 2018-11-13 2023-08-22 广东景慕无纺布科技有限公司 自动双层压花系统

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US3411438A (en) * 1966-09-16 1968-11-19 United States Steel Corp Hot stamping press
US3432020A (en) * 1966-01-06 1969-03-11 Ibm Small increment ribbon feed
US3636866A (en) * 1969-07-18 1972-01-25 Rolf Stommel Embossing press including an arcuate oscillating dieholder

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US1630824A (en) * 1926-01-23 1927-05-31 Jacob P Boehner Stamping machine
US2309645A (en) * 1940-08-21 1943-02-02 Ronald J Harrington Sales register
US2381921A (en) * 1943-07-26 1945-08-14 U S Automatic Corp Milling and marking machine
US2621435A (en) * 1947-12-22 1952-12-16 Joseph J Weber Stamping and embossing machine
US2714268A (en) * 1951-07-31 1955-08-02 Hoe & Co R Foil feeding mechanism for rotary blocking machines
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US3411438A (en) * 1966-09-16 1968-11-19 United States Steel Corp Hot stamping press
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Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4044676A (en) * 1974-05-06 1977-08-30 Milford-Astor Limited Printing mechanism
US4048913A (en) * 1974-09-06 1977-09-20 Adolph Gottscho, Inc. Apparatus for repetitive imprinting at uniform increments on a continuously moving web
US4052935A (en) * 1975-11-12 1977-10-11 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Printing device
US4121516A (en) * 1977-01-03 1978-10-24 Bernard Amelot Sheet-metal marking press
US4351234A (en) * 1980-07-07 1982-09-28 General Foods Corporation Marking apparatus with orbiting marking head
US4773775A (en) * 1983-11-04 1988-09-27 Kroy Inc. Tape-ribbon cartridge
US4627343A (en) * 1985-06-11 1986-12-09 Liepelt & Son, Inc. Cylinder press conversion for hot die application of foil
US4904334A (en) * 1987-02-27 1990-02-27 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for color highlighting
US5682815A (en) * 1993-08-25 1997-11-04 Toray Industries, Inc. Apparatus for producing simple printing plate having open cells
US5507908A (en) * 1994-06-02 1996-04-16 Chinon Industries, Incorporated Coloring apparatus
US5775216A (en) * 1995-04-21 1998-07-07 Societe D'exploitation Des Machines Dubuit Gold blocking press type printing machine
US6378750B1 (en) 1998-09-16 2002-04-30 Agra Vadeko Inc. Method and apparatus for applying stripes to a moving web
US6387201B1 (en) * 1999-05-14 2002-05-14 Best Cutting Die Company Rotary hot foil stamping machine
US6561087B1 (en) * 1999-11-02 2003-05-13 Giovanni Gambini Multi-purpose embossing machine for producing embossed paper
US20040055481A1 (en) * 2002-09-25 2004-03-25 Gerhard Klassen Sheet punching or stamping and embossing machine
US20180001615A1 (en) * 2015-01-27 2018-01-04 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Marking machine and method for implementing such a machine
US10800159B2 (en) * 2015-01-27 2020-10-13 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Marking machine and method for implementing such a machine
WO2021007304A1 (en) * 2019-07-09 2021-01-14 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Printing machine of the blocking press type
FR3098446A1 (fr) * 2019-07-09 2021-01-15 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Machine à imprimer de type presse à dorer
CN114340903A (zh) * 2019-07-09 2022-04-12 伊利诺斯工具制品有限公司 烫压类型的印刷机
US20220281218A1 (en) * 2019-07-09 2022-09-08 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Printing machine of the blocking press type
US11752754B2 (en) * 2019-07-09 2023-09-12 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Printing machine of the blocking press type
US11904595B2 (en) 2019-07-09 2024-02-20 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Printing machine of the blocking press type

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2171710A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-21
CH560599A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-04-15
IT972719B (it) 1974-05-31
GB1394152A (en) 1975-05-14
DE2254108A1 (de) 1973-08-09

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