US3813911A - Tube rolling mill for producing tubing with various internal configurations - Google Patents

Tube rolling mill for producing tubing with various internal configurations Download PDF

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Publication number
US3813911A
US3813911A US00298616A US29861672A US3813911A US 3813911 A US3813911 A US 3813911A US 00298616 A US00298616 A US 00298616A US 29861672 A US29861672 A US 29861672A US 3813911 A US3813911 A US 3813911A
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mandrel
length
tube
transitional
flat portions
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F Bibighaus
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Superior Tube Co
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Superior Tube Co
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Priority to US00298616A priority Critical patent/US3813911A/en
Priority to GB4819573A priority patent/GB1423245A/en
Priority to JP11737473A priority patent/JPS557082B2/ja
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B25/00—Mandrels for metal tube rolling mills, e.g. mandrels of the types used in the methods covered by group B21B17/00; Accessories or auxiliary means therefor ; Construction of, or alloys for, mandrels or plugs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B21/00—Pilgrim-step tube-rolling, i.e. pilger mills
    • B21B21/005—Pilgrim-step tube-rolling, i.e. pilger mills with reciprocating stand, e.g. driving the stand

Definitions

  • PATENTS tions may be produced such as clover leaf shapes, flat 185.374 12/1876 Whitehouse 72/208 sided configurations, ovals, and a combination of cir- 1,413,604 4/1922 Okano cular and flat surfaces, each of the patterns running 2,568,730 9/195] Guthmann for the length of the finished tube 3,! 18,328 l/l964 lssott 3,354,682 1 1/1967 Dupuy 8 Claims, 14 Drawing Figures TUBE ROLLING MILL PRODUCING TUBING WITH VARIOUS INTERNAL CONFIGURATIONS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • the subject invention improves upon and develops further in somerespects the teachings of US. Pat. No. 3,688,540 which issued Sept. 5, 1972; US. Pat. No. 3,683,661 which issued Aug. 15, 1972; and U.S. Pat. No. 3,611,775 which issued Oct. 12, 1971.
  • This invention relates generally to a method and apparatus for reducing and elongating metal tubing and more particularly to a method and apparatus for producing tubing which has its interiorwalls shaped into various configurations by a cold rolling tube reducing process.
  • Metal tubing is used in a wide variety of environments and for many different applications. This requires that tubing be abailable with a wide variety of inside and outside diameters and wall thicknesses. Furthermore, certain applications require that the tubing be provided with various internal configurations. In order to effectively utilize the economies of mass production, metal tubing is initially manufactured in only a few standard cylindrical sizes. This makes it necessary to modify tubing of a standard manufactured size to obtain a finished tube having an overall size that is needed for a certain application requiring less tubing that can be economically manufactured directly. When it be comes necessary to shape the tubing into various internal configurations, and this operation is in addition to the reducing and sizing operation, the overall production of such tubing becomes costly.
  • lt is a further object of this invention to provide a method and apparatus for producing configurations on the interior wall surface of a tube simultaneously and as part of a process of reducing the tubes wall thickness and/or its inside diameter.
  • the plurality of rolls is held by .a common roll housing which is reciprocated along the length of the tubing.
  • Cam guide means are provided for the rolls so that they exert a substantial amount of pressure against the tube. It is this pressure against the tube which causes metal of the manufactured tubing to flow into a desired new shape.
  • the plurality of rolls are positioned so that their tube contacting grooves or flat surfaces surround the tube being reduced.
  • three rolls are utilized in a cluster about the tube with their axes of rotation located in a plane substantially perpendicular to the tube and displaced from each other.
  • Each roll is rotatably attached to a roll housing.
  • the roll is urged against the tube by a pair of cam tracks on which roll trunnions ride.
  • means are provided to insure that the rolls contact the cams at all times.
  • the interior walls of the tube are shaped into various desired configurations in conjunction with either wall thickness or inside diameter reduction, or both, to obtain an internally configurated tube that is dimensioned exactly as required for a particular application.
  • the axes of rotation of the rolls of one set (cluster) are displaced 60 from the axes of rotation of the rolls of the other set.
  • the tube is'worked on a tapered mandrel which may be tapered to different degrees along its length which will cause the inside diameter of the tube to be reduced.
  • shaping of the internal wall of the tube into various configurations may also be carried out by the use of a tapered mandrel with various shapes ground upon it in the following manner.
  • Each mandrel has a portion with a diameter slightly less than the inside diameter of the tube to be reduced. From this point the mandrel tapers either fairly abruptly or in a series of tapers to a point where the final sizing diameter is obtained.
  • the mandrel has ground into it shapes which will be transposed onto the inside wall of the tube as it is reduced, the mandrel serving as an interior mold.
  • the configuration of the mandrel is exactly as will be transposed to the interior of the tube as the tube is rolled over the mandrel. From this sizing portion of the mandrel to the larger portion of the mandrel which is slightly less in diameter than the original piece of tubing that is being reduced in shape, the configuration which is ground into the mandrel becomes less and less pronounced and reaches a point where the configuration disappears and the cylindrical mandrel shape prevails.
  • Various inner diameter configurations may be produced such as hexagonal and triangular shapes, shapes having a ridged area or'a grooved area and oval and clover-leaf type patterns.
  • the hexagonal and flat sided shapes are produced by having a mandrel with flats extending lengthwise as above described along the mandrel from the sizing area gradually becoming less pronounced until the largest cross-sectional portion of the 3 mandrel is reached where the mandrel shape becomes cylindrical.
  • Tubes having spiral configurations on the interior are also desired and these may be produced by using spiraled mandrels in, for example, a hexagonal or triangular pattern.
  • the flat sided tubing as for example decagonal tubing may be used to form a suitable bore for 8-8 guns.
  • Hexagonal and various shapes such as triangular and square shaped tubing may be used for socket wrenches and the like.
  • Tubing of a clover-leaf pattern may have application in heat exchange processes which will be described later.
  • Internally configurated tubing may be produced by the techniques of the present invention with a wide va riety of metals including those considered generally hard to work such as stainless steel, AIS! types of 304 and 3 I6.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified partially exploded view showing essential elements of a rolling mill in which the subject invention is utilized;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 taken through the first stage (set) of rolls at 22;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 taken through the second stage (set) of rolls 3-3;
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates the operation of the primary operating components of the rolling mill illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3;
  • FIG. 5 shows the shape of a preferred tube contacting groove of a roll for use in the rolling mill shown in FIGS. 1-3;
  • FIG. 6 is a front elevational view showing a mandrel having a hexagonal shape
  • FIGS. 7a 7b, and 7c are cross-sectional views of FIG. 6 taken along the lines Ia-7a, 711-712, and "iv-7c;
  • FIG. 8 depicts a mandrel having a groove which is used to produce tubing in which the inner wall has a ridge along its length;
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the mandrel of FIG. 8 taken along the lines 99;
  • FIG. 10 is a front elevational view of a spiral mandrel at the sizing section of the mandrel
  • FIG. 10a is a cross-sectional view of HG. 111 taken along lines 10-11).
  • FIG. 11 shows cross-sectional views of tubing A through K which may be produced by mandrels within the contemplation of the subject invention.
  • a cam housing 11 is reciprocatcd relative to a machine frame 13 along a slide 15 in substantially a straight line.
  • a rod 21 (partially broken away) is connected between the flywheel 19 at a crank pin 20 and the cam housing 11 to convert rotary motion of the flywheel to reciprocable motion ofthe cam housing.
  • Within the cam housing 11 is a reciprocatable roll housing 23, shown removed from the cam housing for clarity of illustration.
  • a pinion gear 25 engages a rack 27 that is rigidly attached to the frame 13.
  • a second pinion gear 26 engages a rack 29 that is rigidly attached to the cam housing 11.
  • the pinion gears 25 and 26 are concentric about a common axis of rotation 311 and are nonrotatable relative to each other.
  • the reciprocable motion of the axis of rotation 311 of the pinion gear 25 is communicated to the roll housing 23 by means of a connection rod 31 (shown herein as two sections since the roll housing 23 is shown removed from the cam housing 11).
  • the cam housing 11. has a maximum reciprocation stroke distance that is equal to the diameter of the circular path taken by the crank pin 2d. From the geometry of the driving arrangement of FIG. 1, the roll housing 23 has a maximum reciprocation stroke distance that is equal to the maximum stroke of the cam housing 11 multiplied by the diameter of the pinion gear 25 and then divided by the sum of the diameters of the pinion gears 25 and 26.
  • cam housing stroke distance is equal to the sum of the roll housing stroke and the working stroke length of the cams (the distance along each cam that contacts a roll trunnion) within the cam housing. It follows, then, that the cam length contacted by each roll bears the same relationship to the roll housing stroke as a ratio of the diameter of the cam housing pinion gear 26 to the diameter of the roll housing pinion gear 25.
  • a tube 33 to be reduced is inserted through an opening 35 of the roll housing 23., and is carried by a mandrel 37 which is held fixed relative to the machine frame 13 though rotatable by an appropriate gripping device 36., which also provides for removing the mandrel and includes the means for rotating the mandrel.
  • An appropriate apparatus 38 is provided for positively gripping the tube 33 and linearly advancing (feeding) it over a working length of the mandrel 37.
  • the apparatus 38 can also be designed to rotate the tube at specific positions of the reciprocating cycle in order to produce smooth tubing having a smooth external surface of reduced size.
  • the mandrel is rotated as the tube is rotated.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 better show the relationship of tube deforming rolls and the cam housing as sectional views of FIG. 1.
  • a first set of rolls 39, 411 and 43, shown in FIG. 2 are held in the roll housing 23 with their axes of'rotation lying substantially in a plane perpendicular to the mandrel 37 and making an angle of with each other.
  • a second set of rolls 45, 47 and 49, shown in FIG. 3 are held by the roll housing 23 in the position that their axes of rotation lies substantially in a plane perpendicular to the mandrel 37 and at a spatially fixed distance along the length of the mandrel from the plane in which the axes of rotation of the first set of rolls 39, 41 and 43 lie.
  • the axes of rotation of the two sets of rolls are angularly displaced from each other by 60.
  • each roll is free to move in a direction normal to the mandrel.
  • Each roll is resiliently urged by a set or springs (such as springs 49 and 50, each held within a roll guide) out of the roll housing 23 and against its associated'cam surfaces.
  • the rolls may be hydraulically urged against their associated cams.
  • Each roll has a trunnion formed on either side thereof, such as trunnions 51 and 53 on either side of the coil 45.
  • Each roll is associated with a pair of cam tracks upon which its pair of trunnions ride.
  • the two cams associated with each roll are designated herein with the same number as the roll but with an asterisk placed after the reference number of one of the cam tracks and a double asterisk placed after the number referring to the other of the cam tracks.
  • the cams are long metal bars shaped in a manner discussed hereinafter and rigidly attached to the cam housing 11. This attachment is accomplished through a recessed member for each pair of cams, such as a recessed member 55 which is shaped to support the cams 45* and 45**. Notice that the cams 45* and 45** each have a sloped side surface which allows fastening them to the recessed member 55 by a wedge 57 which is attached to the recessed member by a threaded fastener 58.
  • a given pair of cams are removed by removing their associated wedge.
  • the rolls are merely lifted out of the roll housing 23 when the roll housing is removed to a position as illustrated which is out of the cam housing 11.
  • the mandrel 37 is also easily removed.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates operation of the rolling mill illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
  • a mandrel 37 which is not shaped for the purpose of producing configurated tubing walls in accordance with the subject invention but which may be used for illustrative purposes is shown in cross-section along its length which includes a tube working zone B-J wherein at all points therealong the tube 33 is contacted by one or both sets of rolls to accomplish reduction either in wall thickness or inside diameter or both.
  • the mandrel has a diameter d, at its large end which is something slightly less than the inside diameter of the starting tube 33, thereby allowing the tube to he slid easily over the mandrel.
  • the small end of the mandrel has a diameter (1 which is substantially equal to the desired inside diameter of the reduced tube.
  • the mandrel 37 is gradually tapered within the tube working zone from one of these diameters to the other. This taper is significantly in excess of that required for tube relief.
  • the diameters d, and d may differ by or or more, depending on the tube inside diameter reduction desired.
  • FIG. 4 In order to demonstrate the cooperation between the cams and the. mandrel, one roll from each of the two sets of rolls is shown in FIG. 4 as if they operated in the same plane so that the relationship between them and their cooperation in reducing the tube are illustrated.
  • Rolls 39 and 45 are illustrated in FIG. 4 along with their associated earns 39* and 45*, respectively.
  • the axis of the first stage roll 39 reciprocates along the tube between positions A and I with a distance therebetween equal to the stroke distance of the roll housing 23 (not shown in FIG. 4) in which the roll 39 is journaled.
  • the axis of the second stage roll 45 reciprocates along the tube between positions D and K.
  • the cams 39* and 45* are attached to the cam housing 11 (not shown in FIG.
  • the cam 39* contacts a trunnion attached to the roll 39 and the cam contacts the trunnion 51 of the roll 45.
  • the shape of the cams and of the mandrel determine the displacements of rolls downward against the tube to bring about a desired deformation of the tube.
  • the roll 39 begins at the position A and the roll 45 begins at the position D. As shown by the dashed lines, the roll 39 contacts the tube 33 for the first time at about the position B and the roll 45 contacts the tube 33 for the first time at approximately the position F. Proceeding further to the right, the cooperative shapes of the cams and the mandrel allow the roll 39 to be lifted from the tube 33 at about the position F, as shown by the path [39] of the roll, away from the tube. Similarly, the roll 45 is caused to be lifted from the tube 33 at about the position J, as shown by the path [45] of the roll, away from the tube.
  • the roll 39 arrives at the position I at the same time the roll 45 arrives at the position K to complete the first one-half of the working stroke.
  • the rolls 39 and 45 then move back to their beginning positions A and D, respectively, to complete one working stroke cycle.
  • the cam working length as used herein is a horizontal projection of the length of a cam surface contacted by the trunnion. With reference to the cam 39*, the cam working length thereof is the horizontal distance between points A, and I
  • the tube 33 is advanced (fed) by the apparatus 38 an increment to the right while the rolls are drawn away from contact with the tube, either at one or both ends of the working stroke.
  • the earns 39* and 45* may be altered so that the rolls 39 and 45 are not drawn away from the tube at positions I and K, respectively. and the tube is fed only at the beginning of the working stroke.
  • the shape of the tube 33 shown in FIG. 4 within the workingzone represents the finished shape thereof after working stroke and before the tube is fed an increment in preparation for the next working stroke.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a preferred arrangement for major inside diameter reduction. The following tabulation describes the work done by the roll 39 within the working zone between lettered positions along the length of the tube;
  • the mandrel has one or more straight line tapers.
  • the cams are shaped cooperatively therewith, each having a plurality of straight line tapers.
  • the cams of FIG. 4 have their roll contacting surfaces marked with subscripted letters corresponding to the lettered positions along the tube. For example, when the roll 39 us positioned at E along the tube, the cam 39* is contacting the trunnion at position E
  • Straight line-tapers are preferred for the cams and the mandrel since they are easy to machine, although continuous curves may also be employed.
  • the portion B F, of the cam 39* may be shaped differently relative to the portion B-F of the mandrel than as shown to effect tube wall reduction between BF instead of the tube diameter reduction.
  • the elements may be designed so that the rolls 39 and 45 overlap in their work zones along a portion of the tube, preferably with dissimilar cam tapers acting on the two rolls in this common length of the tube.
  • certain applications may require only a single taper along a working length of each of one set of cams.
  • the controlling cam and mandrel tapers are designed for a bite of the rolls into the tube at each point within this portion that is approximately the same percentage of the wall thickness at that point before the roll.
  • Multiple straight line tapers on the cams may be employed to ap-.
  • FIG. 5 A preferred tube contacting groove is illustrated in FIG. 5 for the rolls of a rolling mill illustrated with respect to FIGS. 1-3.
  • the groove shape is uniform in cross-section at any radial plane thereof.
  • the groove cross-section is shown on a roll 79 which represents relative roll groove dimensions for any roll shown in FIGS. 1-3 for the purpose of describing roll groove design.
  • In the center of the groove is an arcuate portion 8l having a center of curvature at a point 83.
  • Joining either side of the arcuate center portion 81 as tangents thereto at its end points 85 and 87 are straight line segments 89 and 91 which extend to the groove outside edges 97 and 99, respectively.
  • the arcuate portion 81 extends for an angular distance 15 on either side of a center line.
  • Theradius of curvature of the arcuate portion 81 is made substantially equal to or slightly less than the smallest outside tube radius the roll is designed to contact, such outside tube radius being represented by a solid circle 93.
  • This represents a desired radius of the finished tube for the roll 45 shown in FIG. 4 and the ra dius of the tube at location F for the roll 39.
  • a circle (FIG. 5) represents the largest outside tube radius which the roll groove is designed to contact, that of the beginning tube for the roll 39 of FIG. 4 and that of the tube at position F for roll 45.
  • This roll groove design provides two zones of contact for each roll against the outside of the tube between the tubes larger portion (95) and substantially until its smallest portion (93).
  • Such two-zone rolling accomplishes more reduction in a given working zone of a tube when compared to a roll groove providing only one Zone of contact with the tube.
  • Non-uniform tube wall strain is reduced as well as resulting degradation of tube quality.
  • required rolling forces, and thus machine wear are reduced.
  • the radius of the arcuate center portion 81 of the roll groove may be made 1 or 2 percent less than the smallest outside tube radius to be contracted by the roll groove, thereby extending two zone rolling over the entire length of the tube contacted by the roll, whereby roll life is extended.
  • a rolling radius r of the roll 79 along the tube varies between R,, (contacting tube portion 95) and R,,,,-,, (contacting tube portion 93) during each tube reducing stroke.
  • An arcuate center portion 8i with a radius significantly smaller than the finished tube outside radius (in the extreme the groove becomes V-shaped) results in a finished reduced tube surface that is irregular and rough.
  • angle qb is satisfactory for most common tube materials and specific types of reduction.
  • the tangential portions 89 and 91 of the roll groove are shown in FIG. 5 as straight lines. However, these portions of the groove may, alternatively, be given a curvature with one or more finite radii of curvature.
  • the rolling mill described with respect to FIG. 4 is used for producing a smooth surface finished tube by rotating the tube at least once each working stroke at a position thereof where the rolls do not contact the tube.
  • a configurated mandrel which is tapered and has ground into it, a shape which suitably forms an internal mold for the tube being processed, the mold being transitional in nature so that the internal shape of the tube is gradually transformed as it is rolled from cylindrical-in-shape to its desired shape.
  • the mandrel is also rotated in like manner as the tube to permit the continual forming of the internally shaped tube through successive working strokes.
  • a mandrel is shown for producing tubing having hexagonal inner walls.
  • the mandrel 170 has six flats 171 or flat sides which produce a mandrel which is hexagonal in cross-section at the sizing portion as shown by the cross-sectional view in FIG. 7a. To the right of this sizing section, the mandrel continues to taper in slight diminution of size to provide the relief area to enable easy removal of the tube when the rolling process has been completed for the particular section of tubing which had been rolled.
  • the hexagonal configuration is maintained and the relief area consists of the six flat sides or relief flats.
  • the diameter of size of the'mandrel 170 increases to the left side of the sizing portion to the far left where the greatest diameter of the mandrel is located. It will be noted that the flat sides I71 gradually taper to zero along this portion.
  • the cross-sectional area at the sizing section is a hexagon formed by six flat sides 171A while FIG. 7b taken midway between the sizing section and the left end of the mandrel shows a figure which is characterized by six flat portions 171B and six rounded portions 1748 as the gradual reduction of the flat sides occurs.
  • FIG. 70 shows, the cross-sectional area of the mandrel 170 at the point where the flats disappear almost completely comprises small flat portions 171C and increased rounded portions l74.
  • the tube working zone as described in relation to FIG. 4 extends from the left of section line 70 in FIG. 6 to the tube sizing section represented by section line 7a.
  • the initial rolling commences at a point where the mandrel is at its greatest diameter and perfectly cylindrical in cross-section.
  • the mandrel 170 is secured by means 172 in the manner of a cylindrical mandrel 37 as described in the general description.
  • a mandrel 175 which may be used for producing tubing having a ridge on its inner wall.
  • the mandrel 175 has a groove 176 which extends from the relief end of the mandrel at the right side and gradually decreases in depth as the diameter of the mandrel increases to a point where the groove disappears completely on the left side of the mandrel near where the mandrel is at its largest diameter as shown by reference numeral 177. This is at the approximate location of the beginning of the working zone as described with respect to FIG. 4.
  • the sizing section ofthe mandrel is circular and has the one groove into which the metal tubing flows as it is cooled rolled on the mandrel.
  • a further embodiment of a hexagonal type of mandrel 190 is illuatrated.
  • the flats 191 which make up the hexagonal sides are spiraled or rifled to produce a spiraling effeet in the rolled tubes.
  • the spiraling may be such that there is one 360 turn in 20 inches of length.
  • the flats I91 begin to emerge from the cylindrical position of the mandrel 190 slightly to the right of the beginning of the tube working zone as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the flats 191 increase in size as they extend to the right causing more and more of the cross-sectional surface of the mandrel to be covered by flat portions, and prior to the time where the flats I91 reach the sizing section a hexagon is formed, thus producing the hexagonal sizing section as is shown in FIG. 10A.
  • the spiraled mandrel 190 of FIG. 10 is similar to the mandrel 170 of FIG. 6 except for the spiraling and if the sizing end of mandrel 170 could be twisted, mandrel could be produced.
  • the area to the right of the sizing section is a relief area with a reduced size to enable the tube to be removed from the mandrel once it has been rolled to the size and shape of the mandrel at the sizing section.
  • FIG. 11 cross-sectional views of various tubes which can be produced by shaped mandrels are shown.
  • the present invention should not be considered as limited to the configurations shown in FIG. 11 since mandrels may as well be ground to' produce various other internal configurations.
  • Numerous applications may be made of the shaped tubing shown in FIG. 11 including the following uses.
  • the tubing of FIG. 1111 has particular utility in heat exchange applications.
  • a round tube may be placed inside of the center portion of the clover-leaf while the outlying areas effectively form separate conduits which can be used to advantage where heat exchange principles are involved.
  • fluid may be. supplied in the inner round tube while other fluid or a gas may be supplied in the outer conduits for the purpose of exchanging heat from one to the other.
  • FIG. 11k which is in the shape of a decagon may be used advantageously as to produce barrels for BB guns and air rifles, and the like. the flat sides or flats being necessary to impart spin in the BB.
  • the tubing of FIG. 11d is internally configurated into the shape of a hexagon and such tubing finds utility when cut and manufactured into various size socket wrenches and the like.
  • Other of the configurations such as the tube of FIG. Ila have electronic applications and present the user of the tubing with a wide range of products to meet varied needs.
  • tubing having various internal configurations may be produced by cold rolling a cylindrical tube on a tapered mandrel which has been ground to provide the desired shape to be molded into the tube.
  • the mandrel may be made of a Vasco 350 steel which is an 18% nickel, chrome steel.
  • Flats, grooves, and the like may be ground into the mandrel so that they begin to emerge near the end of the mandrel where the diameter is the greatest and gradually increase in size until they reach the desired size for molding near the sizing point of the mandrel. Grinding, for example, flats, may be done by grinding the flat at the sizing end and continuing to grind back along the mandrel on a taper until the flat disappears.
  • tubing having various internal configurations may be produced during a rolling process in which the inner diameter of the tube is sumultaneously reduced as the shaping is being done.
  • the tubing will assume the shape of the mandrel and the interior of the tube will thus be converted to have a configurated inner wall with grooves, flats, ridges or the like running the length of the tubing. Since both the tube reduction and the tube shaping as described above can be performed simultaneously as distinguished from previously known processes in which two distinct operations were necessary, higher production may be achieved and operational expenses accordingly reduced.
  • the mandrel of claim 1 wherein the shape of the second length comprises longitudinal flat portions which extend into the transitional length where they gradually become less and less in width to a point where they taper to zero in the proximity of the first length of said mandrel which is cylindrical.
  • the second length comprises six longitudinal fiat portions which cover the entire outer surface of said second length of said mandrel to provide an interior mold for forming a hexagonal tube, said six longitudinal flat portions gradually tapering to zero through said transitional length of said mandrel. the total cross-sectional area of said transitional length tapering in the opposite direction to said flat portions to provide the transitional length with a combination of rounded and flat portions running longitudinally throughout said transitional length said rounded portions tapering toward said second length while said flat portions taper towards said first length.
  • the second length comprises three longitudinal flat portions which cover the entire outer surface of said second length of said mandrel to provide an interior mold for forming a triangular tube, said three longitudinal flat portions gradually tapering to zero through said transitional length of said mandrel, the total cross-sectional area of said transitional length tapering in the opposite direction to said flat portions to provide the transitional length with a combination of rounded and flat portions running longitudinally throughout said transitional length said rounded portions tapering toward said second length while said fiat portions taper towards said first length.
  • mandrel of claim 1 wherein said mandrel has a groove in its second length which gradually diminishes in depth through said transitional length of said mandrel to a point where said groove reaches zero depth in the proximity of said first length of said mandrel, said groove causing the formation of a ridge on the inner wall of said tube as it is rolled over the working zone of said mandrel.
  • a mandrel for use in cold rolling processes to produce tubing with various internal configurations comprising:
  • an elongated member adapted for insertion within a hollow circular tube, said member being tapered and shaped for at least portions of its length, said shaping being for the purpose of imparting to the interior walls of the hollow circular tube the shape of said mandrel, said shaping comprising surfacing of said mandrel so that said mandrel is effectively divided into longitudinal portions, each portion being of the same configuration, although gradually increasing in size and pronouncement from the end of the mandrel of greatest diameter to the opposite end near the portion of the mandrel where the size and shape of said mandrel are used to mold the interior walls of said tube.

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4095447A (en) * 1976-09-15 1978-06-20 Alexandr Andreevich Shevchenko Method and rolling mill for continuous tube rolling
US4658617A (en) * 1984-01-05 1987-04-21 Vallourec Method permitting the increase of operations of cold pilger mills and an apparatus for the embodiment of this method
US4993251A (en) * 1989-07-07 1991-02-19 Sandvik Special Metals Corporation Rollstand having easily replaceable roll dies
US5016460A (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-05-21 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Durable method for producing finned tubing
US5450741A (en) * 1992-10-09 1995-09-19 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Roll tool for cold pilger rolling of pipes
US5759089A (en) * 1996-01-16 1998-06-02 Mccoy; Thomas Edward Apparatus for in-line surface finishing of cylindrical tubing such as stainless steel tubing with supporting mandrel and method
WO1998041338A1 (en) * 1997-03-19 1998-09-24 Soder James T Tool for working shaped, hollow metal tubing to achieve an end reduction
US6322426B1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2001-11-27 Nissin Unyu Kogyo Co., Ltd. Method for mirror process of external surface of long sized metal
US20020096318A1 (en) * 2000-11-24 2002-07-25 Claes Ohngren Cylindrical tube for industrial chemical installations
US6718811B2 (en) * 1997-02-12 2004-04-13 Compagnie Europeenne Du Dirconium-Cezus Process for producing a guide tube of a nuclear reactor fuel assembly, mandrel for forming the guide tube, and the guide tube obtained
USD780237S1 (en) * 2015-07-15 2017-02-28 Moldman Systems Llc Finned unit of a stackable heating section of a thermal reservoir for a hot melt dispenser

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US185374A (en) * 1876-12-12 Thomas whitehouse
US1413604A (en) * 1919-12-24 1922-04-25 Nihon Kokwan Shaft Kabushiki K Process of making tubes from ingots
US2568730A (en) * 1949-03-16 1951-09-25 Guthmann Hans Apparatus for forming flutes in hollow lampposts
US3118328A (en) * 1964-01-21 Apparatus for producing longitudinal
US3354682A (en) * 1964-04-17 1967-11-28 Dupuy Antoine Apparatus for forming metal tubes to the shape of a frustum of a pyramid
US3611775A (en) * 1969-07-29 1971-10-12 Superior Tube Co Tube rolling mill with a tapered mandrel

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US185374A (en) * 1876-12-12 Thomas whitehouse
US3118328A (en) * 1964-01-21 Apparatus for producing longitudinal
US1413604A (en) * 1919-12-24 1922-04-25 Nihon Kokwan Shaft Kabushiki K Process of making tubes from ingots
US2568730A (en) * 1949-03-16 1951-09-25 Guthmann Hans Apparatus for forming flutes in hollow lampposts
US3354682A (en) * 1964-04-17 1967-11-28 Dupuy Antoine Apparatus for forming metal tubes to the shape of a frustum of a pyramid
US3611775A (en) * 1969-07-29 1971-10-12 Superior Tube Co Tube rolling mill with a tapered mandrel

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4095447A (en) * 1976-09-15 1978-06-20 Alexandr Andreevich Shevchenko Method and rolling mill for continuous tube rolling
US4658617A (en) * 1984-01-05 1987-04-21 Vallourec Method permitting the increase of operations of cold pilger mills and an apparatus for the embodiment of this method
US4993251A (en) * 1989-07-07 1991-02-19 Sandvik Special Metals Corporation Rollstand having easily replaceable roll dies
US5016460A (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-05-21 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Durable method for producing finned tubing
US5450741A (en) * 1992-10-09 1995-09-19 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Roll tool for cold pilger rolling of pipes
US5759089A (en) * 1996-01-16 1998-06-02 Mccoy; Thomas Edward Apparatus for in-line surface finishing of cylindrical tubing such as stainless steel tubing with supporting mandrel and method
US6718811B2 (en) * 1997-02-12 2004-04-13 Compagnie Europeenne Du Dirconium-Cezus Process for producing a guide tube of a nuclear reactor fuel assembly, mandrel for forming the guide tube, and the guide tube obtained
WO1998041338A1 (en) * 1997-03-19 1998-09-24 Soder James T Tool for working shaped, hollow metal tubing to achieve an end reduction
US5907969A (en) * 1997-03-19 1999-06-01 Soder; James T. Tool for working shaped, hollow metal tubing to achieve an end reduction
US6322426B1 (en) * 1998-10-14 2001-11-27 Nissin Unyu Kogyo Co., Ltd. Method for mirror process of external surface of long sized metal
US20020096318A1 (en) * 2000-11-24 2002-07-25 Claes Ohngren Cylindrical tube for industrial chemical installations
USD780237S1 (en) * 2015-07-15 2017-02-28 Moldman Systems Llc Finned unit of a stackable heating section of a thermal reservoir for a hot melt dispenser

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS557082B2 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1980-02-22
GB1423245A (en) 1976-02-04
JPS4974157A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-07-17

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