US3812942A - Hydraulic system - Google Patents

Hydraulic system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3812942A
US3812942A US00261938A US26193872A US3812942A US 3812942 A US3812942 A US 3812942A US 00261938 A US00261938 A US 00261938A US 26193872 A US26193872 A US 26193872A US 3812942 A US3812942 A US 3812942A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
piston
passage
clutch
chamber
hydraulic system
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00261938A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Espenschied
H Weyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3812942A publication Critical patent/US3812942A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/08—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/12—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types
    • F16D25/126—Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types adjustment for wear or play
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2142—Pitmans and connecting rods
    • Y10T74/2144—Yieldable
    • Y10T74/2147—Fluid cushion

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A hydraulic system for operating a friction clutch has a cylinder, in an internal passage of which a first piston is displaceable between a rest position and a working position against the action of a biasing element associated with the friction clutch, which action tends to move the first piston to its rest position.
  • a second piston is also displaceable in the passage in the same sense as the first piston between a starting position and an operated position and defines with the first piston at all times a chamber. Pressure fluid is accommodated in this chamber at all times and the chamber communicates with a non-pressurized space via suitable passage means when the second piston is in its starting position.
  • the present invention relates generally to a hydraulic system and more particularly to a hydraulic system which is especially suitable for operating a friction clutch or the like.
  • the clutch point that is the point of engagement or disengagement of the clutch, remain unchanged throughout the lifetime of the arrangement. If the clutch engaging point changes, then the coordination between the clutch operation and the engine speed of the vehicle is distured and leads to problems. Such a change in the clutch engaging point cannot be excluded in the prior art, and it is the result of wearing of the clutch plate or other components.
  • one feature of the invention resides in a hydraulic system, particularly for operating a friction clutch, wherein a combination is provided comprising a cylinder having an internal passage, and a first and a second piston both located in this passage.
  • the first piston is displaceable in the passage between a rest position and a working position against the action of a biasing force tending to return it to the rest position
  • the second piston is also displaceable in the passage in the same sense as the first piston between a starting position and an operative position.
  • the second piston defines with the first piston a chamber in the passage.
  • reference numeral 1 of the illustrated exemplary system identifies a cylinder'which is provided with a central passage 2, in which there are slidably accommodated two pistons 3 and 4.
  • the piston 3 is a first piston and the piston 4 is a second piston, and both of course are appropriately sealed in the passage and it will be seen that they are spaced from another to define with one another in the passage a chamber.
  • a piston rod 3 is provided on the first piston 3 and operates in nonillustrated and well known manner, either directly or indirectly via a linkage arrangement to the diagrammatically illustrated friction clutch which is identified with a legend.
  • Piston 4 that is the second piston, is provided with a projection 7 which extends into a unit 8 mounted on the cover 6 and serving for indicating the position of the piston 4.
  • the unit 8 is provided with two spaced electrical contacts 9 and 10 which areengaged and operated by a component 11 provided on the projection 7 when the piston 4 is in the appropriate position.
  • the device or unit 8 is intended, when the electrical contacts 9 and 10 are operated either in a sense causing them to become engaged or to become disengaged, to supply a signal to a nonillustrated electronic control device to indicate to the latter whether the piston 4 is in its lefthand starting position or in its right-hand operative position, that is whether (in dependence upon these positions) the clutch is engaged or disengaged.
  • the passage 2 communicates with a bore 12 in the region of the unit 8, and the bore 12 is in turn connected via the passage means or conduit 13 with a pump 14.
  • An electromagnetically operated control valve 15 of well known construction is interposed betweenthe pump 34 and the bore 12 and depending upon whether the valve 15 is in the position I or the position II thereof, pressure fluid which is pumped by the pump 14 out of a non-pressurized space or reservoir 14' will be pumped by the pump 14 either into the bore 12 and from there into the passage 2 or else will be returned by the pump 14 directly into the reservoir 14'.
  • the passage 2 further contains an insert 16 against which the piston 4 abuts in its starting position, that is the position which is illustrated in the drawing.
  • the piston In its operative position the piston abuts against an abutment 17 which is provided in the passage 2, for instance in form of a circlip which is snapped into an inner circumferential wall bounding the passage 2.
  • Another abutment 18 which may be of the same type as the abutment 17, is provided in the passage 2 for the piston 13, serving to prevent movement of the piston 3 out of the passage 2 when the piston 3 moves from its rest posi tion to its working position.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the piston 4 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced axially extending grooves 19 which extend over a portion of the axial length of the piston 4 as is clearly eviof its end adjacent the unit 8, having in this region a passage portion 20 whose diameter is slightly larger than that of the remainder of the passage, whereby a small shoulder 21 is provided.
  • the space or chamber included between the pistons 3 and 4 is designated with reference numeral 22 and is filled at all times with pressure fluid.
  • the space 22 communicates via the grooves 19 with the portion 20 of the passage.
  • the portion 20 as well as the chamber 22 are each provided with a venting arrangement 23 and 24, respectively, and-biasing spring 25 is accommodated in the chamber 22 bearing upon both of the pistons 3 and 4.
  • the pump 14 continuously circulates the pressure fluid from the reservoir 14' back into the reservoir, and any pressure acting upon the piston 4 (from the previous pressure fluid to the same) disappears.
  • the biasing force exerted by the clutch that is by the clutch spring or springs tends to engage the latter again, and now displaces the piston 3 back to its rest position which need not be a position in which the piston. 3 is in engagement with the abutment 17.
  • the pressure fluid in the chamber 22 transmits this displacement to the piston 4, displacing the same towards the left until under cooperation of the spring 25 it engages the insert 16 and assumes its rest position.
  • the spring 25 has the additional purpose of assuring that the piston 3 will engage the clutch without play via the piston rod 3'.
  • the components of the clutch are subject to wear, for instance the pressure plate of the clutch or the like. Because of this the return path of the piston 3 can become greater than it was originally.
  • the construction according to the present invention makes it possible for the excess pressure fluid in the chamber 22to escape via the grooves 19 of the piston 4 into the reservoir 14', an escape which taks place during each Moreover, it will be appreciated that even the indication of the clutch position which is provided by operation of the contacts 9 and 10 is not influenced by such wear so that such adjustment of these components is also not necessary.
  • the devices 23 and 24 are operated from time to time in order to permit escape of any air which may have become included in the pressure fluid.
  • pistons 3 and 4 could be located in separate housings or cylinders if this is desired and that the connection between the chambers 22 and the reservoir 14 (or, more usually with the conduit extending to the reservoir 14') can also be achieved by a transverse bore located shortly ahead of the second piston 4.
  • a combination comprising a reservoir for hydraulic fluid; cylinder means having an internal passage; a first piston displaceable in said passage between a working position in which said clutch is disengaged and a plurality of rest positions in any one of which said clutch is engaged; linkage means linking said first piston with said-clutch and urging said first piston towards one of said rest positions; a second piston displaceable in said passage in the same sense as said first piston between an operative position which said second piston occupies when said clutch is disengaged and a predetermined starting position which said second piston approaches in response to movement of said first piston from said working position towards said rest positions and which said second piston occupies when said clutch is engaged, said first and second pistons together defining a chamber forming part of said passage, and said second piston cooperating with said cylinder means to establish communication between said reservoir and said chamber only when said second piston is in said starting position so that said chamber is completely filled with hydraulic fluid in said starting position of said second piston; biasing means interposed
  • valve means interposed between said passage and said pump means, said valve means having a first position in which said pump means communicates with said passage, and a second position for preventing communication between said pump means and said passage.
  • said biasing means being spring means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
US00261938A 1971-06-12 1972-06-12 Hydraulic system Expired - Lifetime US3812942A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2129292A DE2129292A1 (de) 1971-06-12 1971-06-12 Betaetigungszylinder fuer eine hydraulisch betaetigte reibungskupplung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3812942A true US3812942A (en) 1974-05-28

Family

ID=5810641

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00261938A Expired - Lifetime US3812942A (en) 1971-06-12 1972-06-12 Hydraulic system

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3812942A (https=)
AT (1) AT321121B (https=)
CH (1) CH538607A (https=)
DE (1) DE2129292A1 (https=)
FR (1) FR2142363A5 (https=)
GB (1) GB1398776A (https=)
SE (1) SE387419B (https=)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921773A (en) * 1972-06-13 1975-11-25 Howard H Dietrich Clutch with slack take up and release motors
US4557361A (en) * 1982-02-01 1985-12-10 Automotive Products Plc Shipping and installation strap for linear actuator
US4911276A (en) * 1984-03-16 1990-03-27 Automotive Products Plc Method of motor vehicle assembly
FR2732086A1 (fr) * 1995-03-20 1996-09-27 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Verin d'actionnement d'un embrayage a friction comportant un capteur de deplacement du piston
WO2004051109A1 (de) * 2002-11-29 2004-06-17 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Einrichtung zur erhöhung der funktionssicherheit für einen hydraulikkreis einer hydraulisch betätigbaren kupplung
US20040141862A1 (en) * 2003-01-16 2004-07-22 R. Conrader Company Air compressor unit inlet control
KR100487002B1 (ko) * 1996-12-21 2005-07-07 루크 라멜렌 운트 쿠프룽스바우 베타일리궁스 카게 피스톤로드가 엔드스톱을 수용하는 전달실린더 하우싱에서 크러치 조작 엔드스톱
US20050279087A1 (en) * 2002-11-16 2005-12-22 Andreas Schwenger Device for rendering operational a hydraulic actuating device
US20090313743A1 (en) * 2008-06-20 2009-12-24 Craig Jason Hofmeyer Pants with saggy pants control system
US7712048B2 (en) 2000-06-21 2010-05-04 Microsoft Corporation Task-sensitive methods and systems for displaying command sets
US20100201182A1 (en) * 2005-01-14 2010-08-12 Michael John Gottschalk Continuous radius axle and fabricated spindle assembly
US7925621B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2011-04-12 Microsoft Corporation Installing a solution
US7937651B2 (en) 2005-01-14 2011-05-03 Microsoft Corporation Structural editing operations for network forms
US7971139B2 (en) 2003-08-06 2011-06-28 Microsoft Corporation Correlation, association, or correspondence of electronic forms
US7979856B2 (en) 2000-06-21 2011-07-12 Microsoft Corporation Network-based software extensions
US8001459B2 (en) 2005-12-05 2011-08-16 Microsoft Corporation Enabling electronic documents for limited-capability computing devices
US8010515B2 (en) 2005-04-15 2011-08-30 Microsoft Corporation Query to an electronic form
US8074217B2 (en) 2000-06-21 2011-12-06 Microsoft Corporation Methods and systems for delivering software
US8117552B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2012-02-14 Microsoft Corporation Incrementally designing electronic forms and hierarchical schemas
US8200975B2 (en) 2005-06-29 2012-06-12 Microsoft Corporation Digital signatures for network forms
CN101539179B (zh) * 2008-03-20 2013-11-13 福特环球技术公司 用于确定离合器的接合状态的方法和装置
US8892993B2 (en) 2003-08-01 2014-11-18 Microsoft Corporation Translation file
US8918729B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2014-12-23 Microsoft Corporation Designing electronic forms
US9229917B2 (en) 2003-03-28 2016-01-05 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Electronic form user interfaces

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2637636C2 (de) * 1976-08-20 1986-02-27 Central'nyj naučno-issledovatel'skij avtomobil'nyj i avtomotornyj institut (NAMI), Moskau/Moskva Servomotor für die Schaltkupplung
DE3118583A1 (de) * 1981-05-11 1983-02-10 Wabco Westinghouse Fahrzeugbremsen GmbH, 3000 Hannover Gangzylinder mit drei stellungen
FR2569794B1 (fr) * 1984-08-28 1986-09-05 Renault Vehicules Ind Dispositif d'actionnement par commande de la pression d'un fluide avec compensation d'usure et correction de caracteristiques notamment pour mecanismes d'embrayage a friction
FR2604362A1 (fr) * 1986-09-25 1988-04-01 Boddhisattva Chakravartin Pompe de sang a circulation extra-corporelle
US5207306A (en) * 1989-07-04 1993-05-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Kubota Device for operating clutch of vehicle
DE4120643B4 (de) * 1991-06-22 2004-04-08 Zf Sachs Ag Reibungskupplung mit Wegsensor
GB2296046B (en) * 1994-10-18 1998-07-15 Automotive Products Plc Actuation systems
FR2749544B1 (fr) * 1996-06-10 1998-08-28 Valeo Dispositif perfectionne de commande hydraulique d'un embrayage de vehicule automobile
FR2777330B1 (fr) * 1998-04-10 2000-11-03 Valeo Recepteur hydraulique a leviers et commande hydraulique comprenant un tel recepteur
FR2777329B1 (fr) * 1998-04-10 2000-06-23 Valeo Emetteur hydraulique a reservoir integre et commande hydraulique comprenant un tel emetteur
DE19980708T1 (de) 1998-04-10 2000-07-06 Valeo Hydraulische Gebervorrichtung mit integriertem Behälter und eine eine solche Gebervorrichtung umfassende hydraulische Betätigung
DE59913038D1 (de) * 1998-09-02 2006-04-06 Fte Automotive Gmbh Hydraulische Stellvorrichtung zur Betätigung einer Kupplung, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE19953093C2 (de) * 1999-11-04 2002-11-07 Daimler Chrysler Ag Drehmomentübertragungssystem
DE10015779A1 (de) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-04 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Vorrichtung zur Belüftung einer hydraulisch betätigbaren Kupplung

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1569143A (en) * 1923-11-14 1926-01-12 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Automobile brake
US2561009A (en) * 1947-10-29 1951-07-17 Wingfoot Corp Hydraulic brake master cylinder
US2682149A (en) * 1950-05-16 1954-06-29 Schwenk Kurt Hydraulic master cylinder
US2759584A (en) * 1952-12-24 1956-08-21 Citroen Sa Andre Hydraulically operated automatic clutch control device for automobile vehicles
DE1125777B (de) * 1957-06-01 1962-03-15 Johann Edelblut Automatische Kupplungseinrichtung, insbesondere fuer Kraftfahrzeuge
US3140586A (en) * 1960-09-19 1964-07-14 Joelson Karl-Evert Anders Hydraulically operated apparatus
US3347043A (en) * 1965-11-22 1967-10-17 Cessna Aircraft Co Master cylinder construction affording automatic re-phasing of master and slave cylinders
US3406800A (en) * 1966-12-13 1968-10-22 Tel Life Corp Hydraulic clutch wear warning device
US3583282A (en) * 1969-09-11 1971-06-08 Morgen Mfg Co Hydraulic system
US3633365A (en) * 1970-09-28 1972-01-11 John C Belknap Hydraulic jack

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1569143A (en) * 1923-11-14 1926-01-12 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Automobile brake
US2561009A (en) * 1947-10-29 1951-07-17 Wingfoot Corp Hydraulic brake master cylinder
US2682149A (en) * 1950-05-16 1954-06-29 Schwenk Kurt Hydraulic master cylinder
US2759584A (en) * 1952-12-24 1956-08-21 Citroen Sa Andre Hydraulically operated automatic clutch control device for automobile vehicles
DE1125777B (de) * 1957-06-01 1962-03-15 Johann Edelblut Automatische Kupplungseinrichtung, insbesondere fuer Kraftfahrzeuge
US3140586A (en) * 1960-09-19 1964-07-14 Joelson Karl-Evert Anders Hydraulically operated apparatus
US3347043A (en) * 1965-11-22 1967-10-17 Cessna Aircraft Co Master cylinder construction affording automatic re-phasing of master and slave cylinders
US3406800A (en) * 1966-12-13 1968-10-22 Tel Life Corp Hydraulic clutch wear warning device
US3583282A (en) * 1969-09-11 1971-06-08 Morgen Mfg Co Hydraulic system
US3633365A (en) * 1970-09-28 1972-01-11 John C Belknap Hydraulic jack

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921773A (en) * 1972-06-13 1975-11-25 Howard H Dietrich Clutch with slack take up and release motors
US4557361A (en) * 1982-02-01 1985-12-10 Automotive Products Plc Shipping and installation strap for linear actuator
US4911276A (en) * 1984-03-16 1990-03-27 Automotive Products Plc Method of motor vehicle assembly
FR2732086A1 (fr) * 1995-03-20 1996-09-27 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Verin d'actionnement d'un embrayage a friction comportant un capteur de deplacement du piston
US5758758A (en) * 1995-03-20 1998-06-02 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Clutch assembly for a motor vehicle having an actuator cylinder for the engagement and release of the friction clutch assembly
ES2134687A1 (es) * 1995-03-20 1999-10-01 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Cilindro de accionamiento para el embragado y desembragado de un embrague de friccion.
KR100487002B1 (ko) * 1996-12-21 2005-07-07 루크 라멜렌 운트 쿠프룽스바우 베타일리궁스 카게 피스톤로드가 엔드스톱을 수용하는 전달실린더 하우싱에서 크러치 조작 엔드스톱
US8074217B2 (en) 2000-06-21 2011-12-06 Microsoft Corporation Methods and systems for delivering software
US7712048B2 (en) 2000-06-21 2010-05-04 Microsoft Corporation Task-sensitive methods and systems for displaying command sets
US7979856B2 (en) 2000-06-21 2011-07-12 Microsoft Corporation Network-based software extensions
US9507610B2 (en) 2000-06-21 2016-11-29 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Task-sensitive methods and systems for displaying command sets
US20050279087A1 (en) * 2002-11-16 2005-12-22 Andreas Schwenger Device for rendering operational a hydraulic actuating device
US7159399B2 (en) 2002-11-16 2007-01-09 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Device for rendering operational a hydraulic actuating device
US20060116237A1 (en) * 2002-11-29 2006-06-01 Thomas Knoblauch Device for increasing the functional reliability of a hydraulic circuit of a hydraulically operable clutch
WO2004051109A1 (de) * 2002-11-29 2004-06-17 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Einrichtung zur erhöhung der funktionssicherheit für einen hydraulikkreis einer hydraulisch betätigbaren kupplung
US7419456B2 (en) 2002-11-29 2008-09-02 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Device for increasing the functional reliability of a hydraulic circuit of a hydraulically operable clutch
US20040141862A1 (en) * 2003-01-16 2004-07-22 R. Conrader Company Air compressor unit inlet control
US7648343B2 (en) 2003-01-16 2010-01-19 Cornwell James P Air compressor unit inlet control method
US20070154335A1 (en) * 2003-01-16 2007-07-05 Cornwell James P Air Compressor Unit Inlet Control Method
US7153106B2 (en) 2003-01-16 2006-12-26 R. Conrader Company Air compressor unit inlet control
US7925621B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2011-04-12 Microsoft Corporation Installing a solution
US8117552B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2012-02-14 Microsoft Corporation Incrementally designing electronic forms and hierarchical schemas
US8918729B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2014-12-23 Microsoft Corporation Designing electronic forms
US9229917B2 (en) 2003-03-28 2016-01-05 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Electronic form user interfaces
US9239821B2 (en) 2003-08-01 2016-01-19 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Translation file
US8892993B2 (en) 2003-08-01 2014-11-18 Microsoft Corporation Translation file
US9268760B2 (en) 2003-08-06 2016-02-23 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Correlation, association, or correspondence of electronic forms
US7971139B2 (en) 2003-08-06 2011-06-28 Microsoft Corporation Correlation, association, or correspondence of electronic forms
US8429522B2 (en) 2003-08-06 2013-04-23 Microsoft Corporation Correlation, association, or correspondence of electronic forms
US20100201182A1 (en) * 2005-01-14 2010-08-12 Michael John Gottschalk Continuous radius axle and fabricated spindle assembly
US7937651B2 (en) 2005-01-14 2011-05-03 Microsoft Corporation Structural editing operations for network forms
US8010515B2 (en) 2005-04-15 2011-08-30 Microsoft Corporation Query to an electronic form
US8200975B2 (en) 2005-06-29 2012-06-12 Microsoft Corporation Digital signatures for network forms
US9210234B2 (en) 2005-12-05 2015-12-08 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Enabling electronic documents for limited-capability computing devices
US8001459B2 (en) 2005-12-05 2011-08-16 Microsoft Corporation Enabling electronic documents for limited-capability computing devices
CN101539179B (zh) * 2008-03-20 2013-11-13 福特环球技术公司 用于确定离合器的接合状态的方法和装置
US20090313743A1 (en) * 2008-06-20 2009-12-24 Craig Jason Hofmeyer Pants with saggy pants control system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE387419B (sv) 1976-09-06
GB1398776A (en) 1975-06-25
DE2129292A1 (de) 1973-01-04
FR2142363A5 (https=) 1973-01-26
AT321121B (de) 1975-03-10
CH538607A (de) 1973-06-30

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