US381099A - Argand lamp-burner - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets--S'hret A. BEACH. f ARGAND LAMP BURNER.

No. 381,099... y Patented Apr.- 1,7

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N. PETERS. Pmmunwmpher. mamma". D. c.

UNITED 'STATES "i PATENT@ QFFIG;

f y ,ELIAs BEACH, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS..

`Aue/mu `LAM P-BURNeR'.

sPnCrrCArroNforming partof Leners Patent No. 38.1.0951` atea Aprii 11,1883..

To all whom #may concern:

- of the United States, residing at Chicago, in,

Be it known that I, ELIAS BEACH, a citizen the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements iny Argand Lamp-Burners; and-I dohereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same; i

My invention relates to Argand oil-burners; Yand it consists in the construction and combinationof parts, which will be fully hereinafter described and claimed. Y A

One object of my invention is to provide an Argand .burner in which the currents offair passing therethrough are graduated according to the requirements of the burner, and tosepa' rate and equalize the currents supplying the different parts thereof, and so unite them atv the point of combustion as to produce perfect.

and uniform combustion.

A further object of'y my invention'is to provide an Argand burner wherein theparts are united without thekguse of solder or brazing, and which are simple and e'ectivejintheir 'construction and operation and readily adtral vertical and horizontal draft-tubes, shown detached from each other. Fig. 5 isa horizontal section of the tube-holder, the horizonn tal tube, and the connectingthimbles, showing the perforations `inthe bottom surface of the horizontal tube for the mounting andopera# tion of the rack mechanism. Fig. Y6 is a detail view,in perspective,of thewick-engaging ring and its connections. Fig. 7 is adetail view,in perspective, ofthe rack mechanism, the operating-shaft,thespur-wheel,thesupporting-frame, and the connections, the rack being shown at its highest point of elevation. Fig. 8 is a de- Applicatin led April 9, 1887. SerialNo. 234.216. (No model.)

tail view, in perspective, ofthe yslotteil cranky. and'toggle-lever. i Fig. 9'is, a detail top'plan view'of the llockingring before being pressed 55 around the parts to be locked together thereby. Fig. l0 is a detail view,in elevatiomof theconi-r cal spider or'guide for holdingthe rack.,y Fig. I1 is afront elevation of the rackbar, showing the opening in its face andthepin'which 6o engages With thecrank and'toggle-lever. Fig.

1'2is a side elevation of said rack-bar.VK Fig.z 13 is a cross-sectional View of the Wire gauzev or netting. Fig. 14 isa plan view of the conj necting-thimble.` j .y

A represents the outer shell of the burner,

which is attached to the bottom support, S, by

beading and pressingA the parts togetherjto form a rigid connectiomwhich willpreventg'I any movement ofthe 'mechanism placed in poi# y7o sition'therein. vThe said outside shelland bottom supportare perforatedras at I and 2,'Figs.

1 and 2, to admit the necessary amountofy airl to thedifferentparts of the burner. On Lthe topporti'on of the outside shell, A, the gallery 75' Pris mounted', and constructed andarranged to support the cone Ov and the chimney. *The lower portion of the gallery Iis provided with Y anges formed at such angles as to `allow it' to be inserted inside rof and restuponthe'top 8o portionv of theoutside.shell,`A. Thegouter loweredge of the said gallery extends some Y f i` distance away` from the shell, is constructed with a bead, which is adapted to hold thje/` tripod'for supporting the globe orshade, Uand-8 5 the fupper part of the said gallery isprovivded4v withspring-arms for holding or securing the chimney. 2 y The connection of the gallery to thel outL side shell is such thatvit can be readily re; Jg/'o moved at will, thus removing the globe, chimney," and conerO at one andthe same time, so as to allow-the lighting, trimming, orlrewicking of the burner. 'f

Mounted within the shell Ajis thev central'gs vertical tube, E, aroundwhich thewick or;

wicks are placed, and connected to the bottom' portion of ,this tube E isa horizontal tube B. Around -these tubes E and B a cylindrical i tube-holdenG, is placedf,havingiopenings in droog', `itssides which engage'with` the openiends'of y thehorizontalftube B,as fullyv illustrated in section' in Fig. 3. 'Ihimbles Dare ihsert'ed'inf. the openin gs in the sidesof. the tube-ho,ldcr-G` and in the open ends of thetube B, the form of the openings and the thimbles being such that when the said thimbles are pressed into place and locked by suitable means tight joints between said parts are secured, and thus they are held in afixed position. The bottom ofthe tube-holder C is constructed with au outwardly-projecting flange, 3, which rests on a flange, 4, formed on the top portion of the male joint T, and when said flanges have been thus arranged they are united by a locking-ring, G, which is pressed around or over and under the same, and also under the inwardly-curved portion of the support S, thus firmly securing said parts together and to the support of the burner entire., The male joint T is constructed with two threaded portions, 5 and 6, situated at parts of said joint varying in. diameter, the larger part, 5, being connected with what is known in the art as a mammoth collar,7 and the smaller part, 6, with an ordinary No. 2 collar; or said joint can be made A to fit a mammoth collar, and by attaching an expander, in lieu of a No. 2 collar, can be adjusted for attachment to the collar of an ordinary lamp.

The outer surface of the upper portion of the outside vertical tube-holder, C, is provided with screw-threads, by which connection is made with the lower enlarged screw-threaded end of the removable tube R, which is of such diametric cross-section relatively to the vertical tube E as to hold the wick-raiser and the said vertical tubeEin proper position. Around the removable tube B a wire-gauze safety-netting, H, is placed, through which the air supplied to the outside of the flame is filtered, and thus the light is made less sensitive to the currents of air, and also the flame is prevented from communicating with the lower portion of the burner, to which it might be drawn by the leakage of gas or oil through the connecting joints. This netting H extends down into and below that portion of thel gallery P which is inserted in the top of the outside shell, A, and has its lower portion secured to said shell, so that the removal of the gallery will not disturb or displace the netti ng.

The central vertical tube, E, is encircled by a wick-raising ring or support, M, Figs. 1 and 6, which isconstructed in the form of a short tube, the lower edge thereof being of such configuration as to conform to and rest upon the top of the horizontal tube B. The upper part of said ring M is provided with two rows of projecting teeth, 7 7, formed integrally therewith, which engage with the wick or wicks and raise them, as will be more fully hereinafter described.

Upon the sides of the ring M, at points diametricallyopposite each other,the upper ends of two exible arms, N N, are secured; thence they' extend downwardly past the horizontal tube B, their lower ends being bent at an angle and overlapped, thus forming a securing base or bracket` Two apertures, 8 8, are cut in the lower overlapped ends of said arms, through which two projections, 9 9, formed at the lower end of the rack-bar N, pass and are clinched, thus securing the said arms N together at their lower ends,and forming a rigid connection between the wick-raising collar or ring M and the said rack-bar.

As shown in Figs. 7 and 11, the rack-bar N is constructed in square tubular form, a portion of one side thereof beingleft open for the reception of the spurwheel 10, which is mounted on the end of a small horizontal shaft, 11, supported by aud having bearing in one of the upright arms f of a bracket, F, which is secured in the horizontal tube B and by the outside shell, A. Tol another arm, f, of the bracket F a crank, J, is hinged by means of the pivot-pin 13 passing therethrough, the v upper end of the crank J being in like manner hinged to a toggle-lever, K, by means of a pivot-pin, 14.

The rack-bar Nhas a projection, 12, formed on one side thereof, which engages with a recess, 14, constructed in the crank lJ, and operates in the manner hereinafterV set forth. The toggle-lever K is provided with au arm, 15, bent into the shape illustrated in Fig. 8, which projects into the opening in one side of the rack-bar N. Upon this bent arm the shank of the button or spreader I rests, said shank passing down through the upper open end of the rack-bar, and being raised or lowered by said bent arm. On the opposite side of the lever K another arm, 16is provided, which passes over and close to the rack-bar N, by which and the arm 15 said bar is steadied in its movements. Below the arms 15 and 16 of the lever K,and near the arm 16, a lug or projecting shoulder, 17, is formed, with which the projection or piu 12 on'the rack-bar N engages as said bar is raised, which has the effect of limiting the further upward movement of the said rack-bar. The rack-bar is further steadied in its movement by passing up through the bottom of the horizontal tube B and the central vertical tube, E, and is held in proper position by the devices situated in the horizontal tube B,as above described, and by its passage through the angular opening in said tube.

In the upper internal portion of the vertic al tube E, and resting on top of the horizontal tube B, a-.conical spider, L, is mounted and secured, and through the top rim thereof the rack-bar N passes and is supported in its vertical movements. 'The lower continuous rim of this spider L rests on the horizontal tube B, and is provided with projections 18,which engage with the vertical tube E and keep the said spider in a central upright position. 'The conical shape of the spider allows an unobstructed working of the crank J, and togglelever K inside of the projections thereof is less liable to be effected by the heat,and avoids the downward passage of the dame.

The` cone O, which has a base-rest on the gal- ICO ilo

381,099l t l 3 lery P and surrounds the upper part of the burner, ispconstructed withfa fiat surface at its top edge, which is provided with a series of 4apertures, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1'.

These apertures divide the air drawn to this part of the flame and produce a white and steady light, whereas if the current were allowed to escape through the large central openingof the'cone an unsteady, flickering light would be produced, due to the velocity of the' current acting on the llame direct.

To wick'the burner, the gallery 1),coue O, tube R, and wire-netting H are removed, as

hereinbefore described, and the-wick-engaging ring M raised t its highest elevation. A wick isthen forced down into the open space between the tube-holder G and the horizontal tube B until it can be reached from the lowerl part of the burner,whcn it is drawn downward the required distance. The corresponding wick for the other side is'then introduced in a similar manner.v After slightly lowering the 'wick-engaging ring, the sides of thetwo wicks aretheu brought together slightly around the vertical tube E and the said wick-cngaging ring M, the teeth 7 7 on the latter being pressed through the wicks to'hold them in position until'the removable tube R is secured to the tubeholder O. They wicks are then ready for lighting. It will be seenthat when the two wicks are thus engaged by the wick-raiser or ringM and held in position by the removable tube R. the wicks are virtually continuous and act as a `single round wick, and that the raising Vand lowering thereof mustfloe absolutely true and even. The lower row of teeth on the wickraiser takes off any strain upon the top portion ofthe wicks which might be caused by fric- 'tion on the tubes and avoids the cramping of is placed upon the burner.

shank thereof,being inserted in the opening in the same in passing the horizontal tubeB and their contraction in entering the collar of an ordinary lamp. After -the wicking is completed, the flat metallic deficctor or spreader I The wire stem ory the top of the rack-bar N,`drops down therethrough, and rests on topof the bent arm 15 ofthe toggle-lever K, which enters and hasA Y movement in the open side of the said rackbar, as stated. l

. When the rack-*bar N is raised and lowered by thespur-wheel 10 and its connections, the wickraising ring M is moved inlike manner,

and also the projecting pin 12on the said barV is consequently raised and ylowered-and engages the slot in the hinged crank J in its descent. When said bar and wick are moved downward, the pin 12 descends untilit reaches the bottom of the slot inthe crank J, and as said crank afurther movement of the pin 12v `causes'the crank and the toggle-lever K,hin ged vto the long arm of'the crank, to move or re-A the slot is formednear vthe pivotal'point of the volve from thecvertical positionlshown in Fig. 7 and the toggle-l ever and its arm 15 to descend.

As the arm 15 of the toggle-lever Kdescends,

'tothe flame. y, outside of these tubes and the wick and lntov the support of the stem or shank also descends, thezsaid stem lowering l'in the hollowrackper portion ofthe burner is coveredthereby,

thus kextinguishing the light andpre've'nting bar N until the combustion-space atthelupany escape of gas or ysmoke or evaporationot'V v oil through thewick'tubes so long as the de? tlector is allowed to remain in a closedposl; tion. A Aslight movement of the rackffbar N upward raises the crank and toggle-lever to an upright position, and as the wickk and`de, i

tlectorare also raised the burner is again ready to be religh'ted. When thecrank and togglelever are raised, they are held'in their elevated position bythe. projecting pinv 12 of the rack' bearing against the shoulders 17 on' the upper end of the toggle-lever K.'

The relative movement of the partsis such i that on turning the ratchet-wheel to raise theI wick the pin 12 acts atonce upouthecrank J `and gives a sudden upward movementltoV the spreader, fwhich reach es itsV elevated position before the wickraiser is fullyelevated, al

though the motion of loothA commences at the same time. g x first until the pin 12 reaches they inellnedy por- 9.0. The wick-raiser kwillalso descendl f -f tion of the slot in the crank J, when apositive downward movementv willbe Ygiven to f the spreader, which then also becomes the ext1nguisher. It will thus be* apparent thatthe action of the spreader is positive and accom` plished byV one spur-wheel, as vis also thatv of thewick-raiser. ,n 'y The provision of perfect draft willbereadily Ion4 understood. lAppart of theair whichenters `the perforations inthe outer shell, A,.passesv n throughthe horizontal and vertical draft-tubes Band E and risesinside ofthe circular vwick A part of the air also passes the cone O, and escapes partly through the l central openinginthecone,andpartly through Y,

the circular row of perforations in the'upper edge of said cone. This latter part of` the 'air impinges on the amegjust at the edge ,of the spreaderl, and the" united currentsteud to. l 4 v' produce ,a perfectcombustionanda steady intensewvhite light, y

It will be readilys'een that, owing to the construction and operation of this combined "iig Y mechanism, the use of springs or .other dei vices liable to get out of order or bejinjured by the heat is entirely dispensed with'.g rv Y It is' obvious that minor changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of. the-parts withoutjin the least departing from vthe nature or principle of my invention. .Y Having thus describedm y invention, whatI' ,y

' 1,25 1. In an oilburner for lamps, the ,combinar-Q tion of a perforated V,outer shell, aremovable claim as new isl tube, a tube-holderfformed with openings. its sides, vertical and horizontal draft-tubes,`

and thimbles connecting the horizontal draft# scribed.

, l ,T1361 tube .to the tube-holder,'substantiallyavs,deg`r 2. The combination, in an Argand burner, of the vertical tube E, the conical spiderL, having a continuous rim and projections at the bottom, the horizontal tube B, the bracket F, the crank J, toggle-lever K, rack-bar N, and the spur-wheel 10, substantially as described.

3. The combination, in an Argand burner, of a rack-bar constructed with a projection or pin, a slotted crank, a toggle -lever hinged thereto and having a lug resting on said pin, and means for operating the said parts, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in an Argand burner, of the cone,the spreader having a downwardlyextending shank, thc tubular rackbar having an open top, an open side, and a projecting pin, and devices for operating said bar, substantially as described.

5. In an Argand burner, the combination of the cone, the spreader, the togglelever K, the,

crank J, the rack-bar N, andlneans foroperating the latter, substantially as described.

6. In an Argand burner, the combination of the male joint T, the support S, the outside shell, A, the tube-holder, and the lock-ring G, for uniting the said parts, substantially as described.

7. The combination, in an Argand burner, of a wick-engaging ring, the rack-bar connected to said wick-engaging ring, ashaft provided with a spur-wheel engaging said rack, the central airtubes, a deticctor or spreader connected with said rack-bar, a crank hinged forming a support for the spreader, the rackbar and crank being provided the one with a projecting pin and the other with a recess engaging the saine, substantially as described.

8. The combination, in an Argand burner, of a delector or spreader, a conical spider, the vertical tube, the rack-bar provided with a projecting pin, a shaft and spur-Wheel, a toggle-lever having a bent arm extending into the rack-bar and a stop or shoulder formed upon the opposite side thereof,a slotted crank, and a supporting-bracket, substantially as described.

9. The combination, in an Argand burner, of a vertical tube, E, the deflector I, the spider L, the rack-bar N', provided with the projection or pin, the slotted crank J, the toggle-1ever K, hinged to said crank, the spur-wheel, and the operating-shaft, substantially as described.

l0. The combination, in an Argand burner, of the wick-raiser, the movable tubular rackbar having the projection, the slotted crank J, the toggle-lever K, the conical spider L. and the dellector I, theV slot in the crank and the construction of the toggle-lever allowing the required travel of the rack-bar, substantially as described.

1l. The combination, in anArgand burner, of the wick-raising ring having flexible arms, the dedector, the rack-bar having the pin, the slotted crank, the toggle-lever hinged to said crank, the bracket to which the crank is hinged, and means for moving said rack-bar, substantially as described. j

In testimony whereof I ax my signature in presence of two witnesses.

- ELIAS BEACH. Witnesses:

EDWARD J. WooDWARD. CHAs. S. CLARKE.

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