US3808859A - Hydraulic presses - Google Patents

Hydraulic presses Download PDF

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Publication number
US3808859A
US3808859A US00276447A US27644772A US3808859A US 3808859 A US3808859 A US 3808859A US 00276447 A US00276447 A US 00276447A US 27644772 A US27644772 A US 27644772A US 3808859 A US3808859 A US 3808859A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
press
detectors
container
relative displacement
stem
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00276447A
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English (en)
Inventor
I Cameron
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cefilac SA
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Cefilac SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cefilac SA filed Critical Cefilac SA
Priority to IT5198972A priority Critical patent/IT965965B/it
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3808859A publication Critical patent/US3808859A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/212—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/212—Details
    • B21C23/215—Devices for positioning or centering press components, e.g. die or container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C31/00—Control devices for metal extruding, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/16—Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses

Definitions

  • apparatus for facilitating correct operation of a press having a work-receiving container and a pressing stem comprising the first means for detecting the relative displacement of the axis of the container and the axis of the stem during extrusion, said means comprising two detectors arranged substantially at right angles and disposed adjacent the upstream end of the container, said detectors being adapted to indicate any relative movement of the outer peripheral surface of the stem towards or away therefrom.
  • the detectors can be mounted in grooves provided in the upstream end face of the container.
  • the detectors are preferably wide gap air gauges.
  • the apparatus can further comprise second means for detecting the relative displacement between the downstream end face of the container and the upstream face of the press platen or bolster, said second means comprising two detectors arranged substantially at right-angles and disposed adjacent the upstream face of the press platen or bolster, said detectors being adapted to indicate any relative movement of the downstream end face of the container towards or away therefrom.
  • the detectors of the second means can be mounted in grooves provided in the upstream end face of the bolster or platen.
  • Each detector of the second means can be adapted to indicate relative displacement of one end of a corresponding probe member, the other end of which is adapted to abut the downstream end face of the container.
  • Each probe member can be carried by a rotatable holder for the press die assembly.
  • the holder can have two die assembly stations, two probes being associated with each station.
  • Each probe member can comprise a rod, one end of which is or the moving crosshead or the main ram and the pressbed during extrusion, said third means including a number of detectors mounted on the moving crosshead and adapted to indicate any relative displacement towards or away from the bed in two directions lying substantially at right-angles.
  • the third means can include six detectors two of which are adapted to detectrelative displacement from a vertical plane, the other four detectors being placed two on either side of the crosshead to detect any relative displacement from a horizontal plane.
  • the detectors of the third means are wide gap air gauges.
  • the detectors of the The apparatus can further comprise fourth means for detecting relative displacement between the press platen relative to the press-bed during extrusion, said fourth means including a number of detectors mounted on the press platen and adapted to indicate any relative displacement towards or away from the bed in two directions lying substantially at right-angles.
  • the fourth means can include six detectors, two of which detect relative displacement from a vertical plane, the other four detectors being placed two on either side of the platen to detect any relative displacement from a horizontal plane.
  • the detectors of the fourth means are wide gap air gauges.
  • the apparatus can further comprise fifth means for measuring any stretch or bending of each press column, said fifth means including a number of strain gauges or linear transducers.
  • a method of facilitating correct operation of a press having a work-receiving container and a pressing stem including the step of measuring the relative displacementof the stem relative to the container during extrusion in two directions substantially at rightangles.
  • the method can include the further step of measuring the relative displacement between the downstream end face of the container and the upstream face of the main bolster or platen intwo directions substantially at right-angles.
  • the method can include the further step of measuring the relative displacement between the press stem or moving crosshead or main ram'and the press-bed during extrusion in two directions substantially at right-
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic side elevation of an extrusion press incorporating the tool arrangement shown in FIG. l with certain modifications;
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the container shown in FIG. 4 illustrating the position of both wide gap air gauges
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of part of the die wheel shown in FIG. 2 illustrating the probe and gauge arrangement
  • FIG. 9 is an end view of the die wheel.
  • FIG. 1 the tool arrangement of a tube extrusion press is shown in detail in FIG. 1 and consists of a cylindrical container 1 into the bore 2 of which a billet 3 to be extruded is loaded.
  • a circular hole die assembly 4 which is located concentrically with the container axis by an accurately machined recess in the container end face into which the die assembly fits.
  • the billet is pushed into the container bore and against the die assembly 4 by the stem 5, a cylindrical pressing disc -6 being interposed between the .billet and the stem.
  • the press consists of a bed-plate 9 mounted on a massive concrete foundation block 10.
  • the bed-plate carries at one end a main hydraulic cylinder assembly comprising a main cylinder 11 mounted in a crosshead l2, and. a ram 13 secured to a moving crosshead 14.
  • the latter is fitted with guide surfaces 15 (see FIG. 3) which are adapted to slide in guideways 16 provided on the bedplate.
  • the cylinder crosshead 12 is connected to the press platen 17 arranged at the other end of the bed-plate by means of four columns 18.
  • the container 1 is mounted within a holder 19 which is guided and'slides axially in the slideways 16 provided on the bed-plate (see FIG. 4).
  • the press illustrated is for extruding steel and in common with such presses the die assembly 4 is held in a rotatable die wheel 20.
  • this wheel is made in two parts but it can be, and'in fact more usually is, of unitary construction.
  • the wheel 20 has'two diametrically opposed die-receiving stations 21 and 22 (see FIG; 9) and is mounted on a-rotatable shaft (not shown) lying parallel tothe centreline of the press so that whilst one die assembly lies along the centreline of the press, the other die assembly lies outside the press where it may be conveniently changed.
  • FIG. 2 In order to make it possible to detect movement of press components out of alignment during extrusion, a system of gauges as shown in FIG. 2 is proposed, the various groups of gauges being used to detect different types of movement which occur under load conditions. Referring to FIG. 2, the measurements taken by each gauge group are as follows, the lettered items corresponding with the reference letters on the drawing:
  • two wide gap air gauges g g are positioned in rectangular grooves 23 machined in the end face of the container. (See FIGS. 4, 6 and 7). Instead of forming grooves, the gauges could be mounted in and protected by strips welded on to the end face of the container. Gauge g is mounted to lie along the vertical centreline of the container and gauge g along the horizontal centreline. The two gauges are capable of measuring a gap of up to 10 mm. and the measurement taken by each is converted into an electrical signal by means of a strain gauge type transducer, not shown, and used to operate a moving coil indicator, not shown, or an instrument equipped with a chart recorder.
  • the stem 5 itself is used as the measuring datum and, consequently, it should be truly cylindrical, but if it is of tapered form, two small flats can be provided on its outer periphery from which measurements are taken. In the former case, a slight inaccuracy occurs in measurement when deviations occur other than those on rectangular co-ordinates, but for all practical purposes, this inaccuracy'may be neglected.
  • the gauge nozzles may be mounted slightly below the container I bore surface so that they loannot be damaged during ing the period the hot billet passes the gauge nozzles.
  • the continuous passage of air through the nozzles will assist in keeping them clear of particles of dust and scale and also tends to keep the nozzles reasonably cool.
  • no rubbing contact occurs between the gauge and the stem.
  • either simple manometers, moving coil electrical meters or recording chart type meters may be used depending upon conditions and the speed'of response required.
  • v g g The system described above provides absolute measurements of container displacement. It would also be possible to take differential measurements, by arranging four gauges in two diametrically opposite pairs angularly spaced by 90".
  • Such a system would be selfcompensating with regard to temperature changes, but it can giverise t0. diff culties.
  • the gauges situated below the press axis would be susceptible to clogging by molten glass, glass dust, etc. in theatmosphere.
  • the push rods have hardened hemispherical ends 26 which bear against the die end face of the container. At the main bolster end, the push rods have hard-faced screwed cap-nuts 27 and lock nuts 28 to enable the two push rods to be adjusted to shown, and used to operate a moving coil electrical in- 1 'dicator or an instrument equipped with a chart recorder.
  • Wide gap air gauges have been chosen for this application for similar reasons as those given above in the case of the deviation of container mouth to stem arranged so that when the container closes against the die, it pushes the rods towards the platen so that when the container is sealed, there is a gap of about 3 mm.
  • the air pressure signals from the gauges will be converted into electrical signals by means of a strain gauge type transducer (not shown) and used to operate a moving coil electrical indicator or an instrument equipped with a chart recorder.
  • visual measurements may be taken from either manometer or moving coil indicators, or the measurements may be recorded on a chart type instrument.
  • gauge-holders 31 attached to the moving crosshead 14.
  • the six air gauges only five of which, g5, g g g and g are illustrated, are mounted as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and will rectangular gauge bars 32 shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3 secured to the press bedplate.
  • the gauge bars are accurately fitted to the bedplate-by brackets (not shown) so that their two datum faces are parallel to the press centreline.
  • Two of the gauges g g measure any departure from accurate alignment of the crosshead in a vertical plane and are connected to an instrument which will indicate the differential between the two gauges.
  • the other four gauges are placed two on either side of the measurement. However, it would be possible in this case to use gauges working on a narrow gap, since here the gauges are mounted in a more protected position on a press component which is not subjected to crane handling during tool changing.
  • the gauges are mounted in gauge-holders 33 secured to the platen and measure off two rectangular gauge bars 34 secured to the bed-plate, as shown in FIGS. 2
  • Two of the gauges g and g measure any departure from accurate alignment of the platen in plan view and are connected to aninstrument which will indicate the differential between the two gauges.
  • the other four gauges are placed two on either side of the platen and indicate any departure from the horizontal of the platen.
  • the six gauges may be of the same type used for measuring the displacement of the moving crosshead relative to the bed-plate.
  • a number of strain gauges or linear transducers are affixed to the press columns and the readings for each column are compared during extrusion.
  • Four such gauges, g g g and g illustrated in FIG. 2 are mounted on each column to measure both the stretch and bending of the columns, the four gauges being mounted in two diametrically opposite pairs.
  • Apparatus for facilitating correct operation of a press having a work-receiving container and a pressing stem comprising first means for detecting the relative displacement of the axis of the container and the axis of the stem, said means comprising two detectors arranged substantially at right-angles and disposed adjacent the upstream end of the container,.
  • paratus further comprises fourth means for detecting relative displacement between the press platen relative ative displacement of one end of a corresponding probe member, the other end of which is adapted to abut the downstream end face of the container.
  • each probe member comprises a rod, one end of which is spring-biased towards engagement with the container and the other end of which is provided with an axially adjustable member.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the apparatus further comprises third means for detecting relative displacement between the press stem or the moving crosshead or the main ram and the press-bed during extrusion, said third means including a number of detectors mounted on 'the moving crosshead and adapted to indicate any relative displacement towards or away from the bed in twodirections lying substantially at right-angles.
  • said third means includes six detectors, two of which are adapted to detect relative displacement from a vertical plane, the other four detectors being placed two on either side of the crosshead to detect any relative displacement from a horizontal plane.
  • said fourth means including a number of detectors mounted on the press platen and adapted to indicate any relative displacement towards or away from the bed in two directions lying substantially at right-angles.
  • Apparatus as claimed in 1 in which the apparatus further comprises fifth means for measuring any stretch or bending of each press column, said fifth means including a number of strain gauges or linear transducers.
  • a method of facilitating correct operation of a press having a work-receiving container and a pressing stem including the step of measuring, in two directions substantially at right-angles, relative displacement of the axis of the stem and the axis of the container during passage of the stem into the container.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
US00276447A 1971-08-05 1972-07-31 Hydraulic presses Expired - Lifetime US3808859A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT5198972A IT965965B (it) 1971-08-05 1972-08-04 Perfezionamento nelle presse idrauliche

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3686571 1971-08-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3808859A true US3808859A (en) 1974-05-07

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00276447A Expired - Lifetime US3808859A (en) 1971-08-05 1972-07-31 Hydraulic presses

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3808859A (en:Method)
JP (1) JPS4825661A (en:Method)
DE (1) DE2238509A1 (en:Method)
ES (1) ES405591A1 (en:Method)
FR (1) FR2148293A1 (en:Method)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0379937A3 (de) * 1989-01-24 1991-04-03 SMS Hasenclever GmbH Liegende Strangpresse
EP0589240A1 (de) * 1992-09-12 1994-03-30 SMS HASENCLEVER GmbH Liegende Metallstrangpresse
US5490406A (en) * 1994-08-19 1996-02-13 The Whitaker Corporation Crimping tool having die bottoming monitor
EP0994260A3 (en) * 1998-10-14 2002-03-13 Taiyo Ltd. Fluid cylinder assembly
RU2234386C1 (ru) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-20 ОАО "Чепецкий механический завод" Способ выверки и контроля соосности прессового оборудования и устройство для его осуществления
US20040267472A1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2004-12-30 Jamison Tommy L. Laser alignment method and apparatus

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9586247B2 (en) * 2011-11-07 2017-03-07 Sms Group Gmbh Extrusion press and tube press and method for separating a butt
ITUB20152138A1 (it) * 2015-07-13 2017-01-13 Presezzi Extrusion S P A Dispositivo per il controllo automatico dell'eccentricita' di un mandrino in una pressa di estrusione
ES2640093B2 (es) * 2017-03-17 2018-04-24 La Farga Tub, S.L. Aparato de verificación de posicionamiento para piezas tubulares metálicas, equipo de verificación y método de verificación de posicionamiento

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2949051A (en) * 1957-04-12 1960-08-16 Lake Erie Machinery Corp Cold extrusion press
US3282074A (en) * 1963-05-17 1966-11-01 Farrel Corp Alignment and orientation detector for extrusion press dummy block
US3282075A (en) * 1963-07-03 1966-11-01 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Safety apparatus for extrusion press dummy block

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2949051A (en) * 1957-04-12 1960-08-16 Lake Erie Machinery Corp Cold extrusion press
US3282074A (en) * 1963-05-17 1966-11-01 Farrel Corp Alignment and orientation detector for extrusion press dummy block
US3282075A (en) * 1963-07-03 1966-11-01 Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp Safety apparatus for extrusion press dummy block

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0379937A3 (de) * 1989-01-24 1991-04-03 SMS Hasenclever GmbH Liegende Strangpresse
EP0589240A1 (de) * 1992-09-12 1994-03-30 SMS HASENCLEVER GmbH Liegende Metallstrangpresse
US5421181A (en) * 1992-09-12 1995-06-06 Sms Hasenclever Gmbh Horizontal metal extrusion press
US5490406A (en) * 1994-08-19 1996-02-13 The Whitaker Corporation Crimping tool having die bottoming monitor
EP0994260A3 (en) * 1998-10-14 2002-03-13 Taiyo Ltd. Fluid cylinder assembly
KR100589747B1 (ko) * 1998-10-14 2006-06-15 다이요 텍코 가부시키 가이샤 유체압 실린더장치
RU2234386C1 (ru) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-20 ОАО "Чепецкий механический завод" Способ выверки и контроля соосности прессового оборудования и устройство для его осуществления
US20040267472A1 (en) * 2003-06-24 2004-12-30 Jamison Tommy L. Laser alignment method and apparatus
US7197415B2 (en) * 2003-06-24 2007-03-27 Mueller Industries, Inc. Laser alignment method and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2148293A1 (en:Method) 1973-03-16
ES405591A1 (es) 1975-08-01
JPS4825661A (en:Method) 1973-04-03
DE2238509A1 (de) 1973-02-15

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