US3807030A - Method of preparing oxidation resistant materials - Google Patents

Method of preparing oxidation resistant materials Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3807030A
US3807030A US00318785A US31878572A US3807030A US 3807030 A US3807030 A US 3807030A US 00318785 A US00318785 A US 00318785A US 31878572 A US31878572 A US 31878572A US 3807030 A US3807030 A US 3807030A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
chromium
assembly
aluminum
source
regenerator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00318785A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
C Belleau
G Allardyce
R Davis
A Roy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ICM A DE GENERAL PARTNERSHIP
Original Assignee
Chrysler Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chrysler Corp filed Critical Chrysler Corp
Priority to US00318785A priority Critical patent/US3807030A/en
Priority to CA187,612A priority patent/CA998578A/en
Priority to SE7317224A priority patent/SE398131B/xx
Priority to US426867A priority patent/US3883944A/en
Priority to GB5945773A priority patent/GB1419289A/en
Priority to DE2363830A priority patent/DE2363830A1/de
Priority to JP48142539A priority patent/JPS4997735A/ja
Priority to IT8419/73A priority patent/IT1000955B/it
Priority to FR7346359A priority patent/FR2212441B1/fr
Priority to AU63989/73A priority patent/AU476740B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3807030A publication Critical patent/US3807030A/en
Assigned to FIDELITY UNION TRUST COMPANY, TRUSTEE reassignment FIDELITY UNION TRUST COMPANY, TRUSTEE MORTGAGE (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHRYSLER CORPORATION
Assigned to CHRYSLER CORPORATION reassignment CHRYSLER CORPORATION ASSIGNORS HEREBY REASSIGN, TRANSFER AND RELINQUISH THEIR ENTIRE INTEREST UNDER SAID INVENTIONS AND RELEASE THEIR SECURITY INTEREST. (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ARNEBECK, WILLIAM, INDIVIDUAL TRUSTEE, FIDELITY UNION BANK
Assigned to CHRYSLER CORPORATION reassignment CHRYSLER CORPORATION PARTES REASSIGN, TRANSFER AND RELINQUISH THEIR ENTIRE INTEREST UNDER SAID PATENTS ALSO RELEASE THEIR SECURITY INTEREST. (SEE RECORD FOR DETAIL) Assignors: MANUFACTURERS NATIONAL BANK OF DETROIL (CORPORATE TRUSTEE) AND BLACK DONALD E., (INDIVIDUAL TRUSTEE)
Assigned to ICM, A DE GENERAL PARTNERSHIP reassignment ICM, A DE GENERAL PARTNERSHIP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: AMPLEX VAN WERT CORPORATION, A CORP OF DE
Assigned to AMPLEX VAN WERT CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE. reassignment AMPLEX VAN WERT CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: CHRYSLER CORPORATION
Assigned to HELLER FINANCIAL, INC., A DE CORP. AS AGENT reassignment HELLER FINANCIAL, INC., A DE CORP. AS AGENT SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ICM/KREBSOGE, A DE GENERAL PARTNERSHIP
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to HELLER FINANCIAL, INC. reassignment HELLER FINANCIAL, INC. AMENDMENT TO RESTATE THE ORIGINAL SECURITY AGREEMENT DATED SEPTEMBER 15, 1989. SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS Assignors: ICM/ KREBSOGE A GENERAL PARTNERSHIP OF DELAWARE
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2275—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer the other layer being aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/30—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes using a layer of powder or paste on the surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49888—Subsequently coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4998—Combined manufacture including applying or shaping of fluent material
    • Y10T29/49982—Coating

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Preparation of iron-base alloys, particularly in the form of regenerator cores and other similar matrices, by the codiffusion of aluminum and chromium, using aluminum-iron alloy powder and chromium, aluminum-iron alloy powder and chromium-iron powder or Al-Cr alloy powder as sources of the aluminum and chromium and an atmosphere of mixed H and HF to accomplish in situ formation of the aluminum and chromium and their diffusion, and alloying with the iron-base alloy. Assemblies may be bonded to form 'an integrated structure along with the heating for coduffusion of aluminum and chromium.
  • This invention relates generally to materials and to matrix structures of oxidation resistant iron-base alloys.
  • the term iron-base alloy is used herein to define low carbon mild steel and similar iron-base alloys.
  • This invention relates to a method of diffusing aluminum and chromium into iron-base alloys and iron-base matrix assemblies and the simultaneous bonding of iron-base alloy assemblies to form integral structures.
  • the invention is specifically directed to regenerator cores for turbine engines although it is applicable to similar matrix structures wherein low carbon, mild steel and iron parts form various passageways, the walls of which are to be diffusion alloyed with chromium and aluminum and the parts of which are to be bonded together.
  • mild steel or low carbon steel is commonly used and is used herein to describe well-known steels, particularly commercial steels, containing less than about 0.25 percent by weight carbon, balance iron and the usual impurities.
  • examples of some commercial low carbon irons are Armco Supersoft (Armco Steel Co.), Bethnamel (Bethlehem Steel Corp.) and Vitrenamel (United States Steel Corp.).
  • An example of a low carvapor phase diffusion process is unacceptable because of the high pressure drop across such honeycomb type matrix structures.
  • Metallic vapors are found to deposit preferentially on the entering surfaces resulting in eventual plugging of the passage and poor distribution of the metals carried by the vapor.
  • Chromium requires high-temperatures in excess of about 1,200" F. to initiate diffusion. At such a temperature, metallic aluminum wets the workpiece surface and prevents the difi'usion of the chromium into it.
  • the present invention uses source materials for the aluminum and chromium which in combination with a certain atmosphere form proper amounts of aluminum and chromium in situ for codiffusion thereby overcoming many of the problems typically associated with the diffusion of these elements.
  • This invention makes use of a novel approach in order to codiffuse aluminum and chromium and thereby provide oxidation resistant material.
  • the source of the diffusing metals (aluminum and chromium) is placed in close proximity to the substrate.
  • a slurry technique has been found to be very successful in this invention as a means of distributing the source of materials, directly on a substrate, such as the surfaces of a matrix assembly in the form of a regenerator core and in producing good alloying and bonding of the parts thereof by the diffusion of the aluminum and chromium as provided herein.
  • Both chromium and aluminum are formed in situ at the substrate and diffused into the substrate material during a heating cycle in the presence of hydrogen and HF gas.
  • the source of the aluminum is an iron-aluminum or chromium-alumin'um alloy while the source of chromium may be chromium per se, an aluminum-chromium alloy or an iron-chromium alloy.
  • chromium or Cr as a source material it should be taken to includenot only the metal per se but Cr-Fe and Cr Al alloys as well as mixtures of Cr and Cr-Fe or Cr-Al alloys.
  • ,It is also an object to simultaneously bond a matrix assembly into an integral structure during diffusion.
  • iron-aluminum or chromium aluminum alloys as a sourceof aluminum and chromium, chromium aluminum alloys or ironchromium alloys as source materials of chromium for diffusion into low carbon iron or mild steel to provide oxidation resistant materials and structures.
  • regenerator cores of a novel relatively inexpensive material It is also an object to provide regenerator cores of a novel relatively inexpensive material.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the effect of atmosphere flow rate on themethod of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating the effect of temperature and time on the method of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the effect of slurry composition of the method of the invention with Fe-Al +Cr as the source material;
  • FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the effects of the diffusion atmosphere composition on the method of the invention with Fe-Al Cr as the source material;
  • FIG. 8 illustrates and classifies the oxidation resistance of various Al-Cr materials at 1,400 F. in circulating air,-the results being expressed in terms of weight gain due to oxidation;
  • FIG. 9 is a graph illustrating the oxidation resistance of various portions of a specific regenerator matrix sample, 93.5 percent Recovery meaning that 93.5 percent of the slurry materials diffused and alloyed.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph illustrating variations in slurry retention during dipping in terms of withdrawal rate, SWG meaning slurry weight gain as a result of dip- P
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 are graphs illustrating the variations in slurry retention with changes in viscosity for several binder compositions, P & S meaning Pierce and Stevens Co.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 illustrate slurry distribution through the cross-section of a core sample resulting from dipping and its effect on resultant composition therethrough.
  • FIG. 15 is a graph illustrating oxidation resistance of the cold and hot faces of a regenerator core sample according to the invention having compositional variation, the alloy distribution curves being plotted on the lower ordinate, the centered curve being an oxidation weight gain curve plotted on the upper ordinate.
  • the passageways in the particular design shown are formed by alternately positioned corrugated layers of low carbon iron stock and flat layers of low carbon iron stock. Other variations and designs are known. To form an integral structure these parts are bonded together and lastly, the rim and hub are attached. The method of the invention is preferably performed on the matrix of the core prior to the attachment of the rim and hub.
  • the materials are aluminum-iron and either chromium or chromium-iron or the source materials are aluminumchromium alloys, which are placed in contact with the workpiece and heated at high temperatures in a certain reducing atmosphere, herein also termed a diffusion. These source materials are believed converted in the atmosphere to fluoride salts and then reduced to the metallic stateat the surface of the iron workpiece.
  • the diffusion atmosphere consists essentially of hydrogen (H and hydrogen fluoride (HF) gases which together promote the requisite fluoridesalt formation and subsequent in situ reduction to the respective metallic constituents, i.e., aluminum and chromium.
  • the first two reactions promote the formation'of fluorides.
  • the other reactions indicate the reduction 'of these fluorides and intermediate fluorides by either hydrogen or the metals.
  • the last three reactions show the actual deposition of chromium and aluminum on the surface of the workpiece.
  • the regeneration of hydrogen and hydrogen fluoride and the deposition of chromium and aluminum on the workpiece surface favor completion of these reactions.
  • FIG. 4 demonstrates that the amount of materials diffused increases as flow rate decreases and is best when the atmosphere is static.
  • the amount of diffused material is expressed in terms of the approximate percent reacted and may include minor amounts trapped in some passages but not actually reacted. This is also referred to as the percent recovered.
  • Pure aluminum is an active reducing agent. If used in its elemental form, it will result timewise in the premature reduction of the chromium fluorides to metallic chromium and monoaluminum fluoride at too low a temperature for the effective diffusion of aluminum into the iron. For this reason, among others, this invention substitutes aluminum alloys for pure aluminum as a source material.
  • the preferred iron-aluminum alloy preferably 1:1, for example, is much less reactive and has a much higher melting point than aluminum alone. With iron-aluminum, premature reaction at low temperature is delayed until a more favorable temperature is reached and consequently a higher aluminum and chromium alloy content is produced during heating and diffusion according to the method of this invention.
  • the preferred method for contacting the source materials and the workpiece comprises dipping the workpiece into a slurry containing the suspended source materials.
  • the following procedure is typical in the preparation of matrix assemblies according to this invention.
  • Procedure I Decarburizing
  • carbon removal is usually necessary. This may be accomplished by placing the material or assembly into a suitable heat resistant container. Exposure to wet II for about l- /z hour at about 1,600 F. usually accomplishes decarburization.
  • an additional advantage is provided due to the bonding (referred to hereinbelow as a prebonding simple diffusion heat treatment) which occurs under these conditions. When iron is used this step is not necessary.
  • a preferred-slurry consists, for example, of ironaluminum (I:l alloy composition, by weight) powder and chromium powder mixed in the 4:5 ratio by weight and suspended in a binder such as Pierce & Stevens Binder No. 9658, which is a solution of an acrylic resin in toluene. Additions of aluminum palmitate may be used to control the viscosity.
  • a binder such as Pierce & Stevens Binder No. 9658, which is a solution of an acrylic resin in toluene. Additions of aluminum palmitate may be used to control the viscosity.
  • the assembly is next sealed in a suitable container which is placed in a furnace and heated up to about 700-800 F. under a flow of argon substantially to remove the binder vehicle. I 5. Thereafter, a diffusion atmosphere of hydrogen and hydrogen fluoride (about 1 percent hydrogen fluoride by volume, balance hydrogen, is preferred although about l-5 percent is acceptable) is introduced into the container. This can be achieved by long time purging or by evacuating the container and refilling .with the H -HF atmosphere.
  • a positive pressure (about 4 to 6 inch of oil on an oil manometer) is preferably maintained in the container during the heating and diffusing-bonding cycle, which is, for example, preferably about two hours at a holding temperature of about 2,000 F. for stock having a thickness on the order of 0.002 inches.
  • the container is purged with argon until room temperature is reached.
  • the assembly may be weighed upon removal from the container, after loose residue has been blown out, to determine the amount of source materials used. This was the basis for the data in the graphs of FIGS. 4, 6 and 7 for percent reacted or recovered.
  • Fluoride residues may subsequently be eliminated by heating the assembly for approximately one hour at temperatures above l,700 F. in a wet hydrogen atmosphere.
  • Source Materials Cr- Al alloy of 30 percent'Cr, balance Al has been used. Commercially available alloys such as 15Cr- Al, 20Cr-80Al and 66Cr-34Al may be used also. If the alloy is to be prepared as a powder for use in a slurry the l5-60 percent Cr, balance A] should be used because it is brittle and easily powdered. Fe-Cr alloy of 67.2 percent Cr balance Fe, a commercial alloy has been used. Low carbon, low silicon ferrochromes are desirable in which the carbon is less than about 0.I0 percent, the silicon is less than 2 percent and the chromium runs about 64-75%.
  • Fe-Al alloy of 50 percent Fe 50 percent Al has been used. It is a commercially available material. Use of an alloy of about 45 70 percent Al provides one which is rather brittle and easily powdered for use in a slurry. The 50-50 alloy typically sold for use in permanent magnets is satisfactory.
  • Oxidation resistance at l,400 F. is the principal quality criterion of workpieces treated by the method of this invention. Samples were tested at that temperature in a circulating air furnace. Their weight gain, in milligrams per square centimeter, was recorded for 2, 24, 48, I00, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 hours. They were also examined metallographically to determine their condition and mode of failure if any. Cycling from room temperature to about l,400 F. was obtained by withdrawing all the samples from the oxidation testing furnace when some of them were to be weighed. Inthe case of uniform oxidation, a weight gain rate of 0.5 rng/cm hours appeared to be an acceptable maximum limit. v a
  • regenerator core samples bonding of the corrugated and flat stock forming the regenerator core assemblies was evaluated qualitatively, under a low power microscope, by mechanical prodding at the joints with a suitable tool, such as a pick. Metallographic examination was also used to determine the depth of diffusion, detect any anomaly of the microstructure and confirm the quality of the bonds. The actual chromium and aluminum content of representative samples was determined bothbywet chemical analysis and X-ray fluorescence analysis.
  • Results therefore, include residual source materials, which do not contribute to the oxidation resistance of the substrate.
  • these figures as the weight percent of slurry constituents retained in the regenerator after the diffusion cycle, were found to be a good indication of the efficiency of the process. When percent reacted or recovered" is over 90 percent, a slurry weight gain of 23 percent has been found to yield satisfactory oxidation results. Because of the sintering of residual powsults in a physical growth of 0.75 to 1.0 percent. in the higher contact pressure of the stock at processing temperature and favors more effective bonding.
  • top and bottom refer to the position of core matrix sufficient to make it oxidation resistant rethe sample when dipped in the slurry.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates that the depth of diffusion may be obtained in shorter time intervals at higher temperatures with the converse also being true.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates how diffusion appears to be best at a ratio of Fe-Al to Cr of about 4:5 as the relative'amount of chromium increases, up to about 4:5, then dropping off.
  • FIG. 7 indicates that a mix of about 1 percent HF with H is optimum in the case of source materials of Al-Fe Cr.
  • FIG. 8 demonstrates a preferred composition best suited to the purpose of this invention as can be seen from the parts of the graph which fall into the central Slurrying Operations
  • regenerator cores different results may be obtained'depending on the slurry operation.
  • sample cores of the type shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 wherein one face is a hot face, the other being a cold face because of the difference intemperature to which the faces areexposed in actual use, certain variables were found to provide certain results.
  • the graphs thereof show that SWG increases with the viscosity of the slurry.
  • other variables such as corrugation spacing, fold radius and passage uniformity in the matrix along with Al and Cr source particle size also affect SWG.
  • a particle size of 325 mesh has been found to be acceptable in most cases, although this can vary a great deal.
  • a slurry is prepared consisting of iron-aluminum and chromium powders in a 4:5 ratio (by weight) suspended in a vehicle of acrylic binder, hexane and toluene in a ratio of 6:521 with the addition of 0.25 percent aluminum palmitate. Viscosity is adjusted to about 230 (at 78 F.) centipoises, as measured with a Brookfield Viscometer.
  • a low carbon iron regenerator matrix assembly preferably pre-bonded by a simple diffusion heat treatment as described above at decarburizing is coated with the above slurry by dipping involving a controlled withdrawal rate according to FIG. of about 6-8 inches/minute.
  • a cleaning procedure'using low pressure compressed air, and blotting is used to remove the resultant drip edge. 'Drying with warm low'pressure air follows.
  • a preferred slurry weight gain of about 25 to 30 percent should be obtained. Adjustment of viscosity may be used to influence retention.
  • any component, such as hub, rim, etc. to be brazed to the core is assembled using a copper flake slurry.
  • the slurried core is then placed in the diffusion container on an Inconel screen coated with stop-off and supported on an Inconel grid. Control samples are located at the periphery of the core andacover made (r316 stainless steel (0.015 inch) is welded on the container which may be Inconel also.
  • the container is purged with argon while being heated to about 700 to 800 F. for a minimum of 2 hours to remove the acrylic binder from the dried slurry.
  • the cooled container is then evacuated to a few millimeters of mercury.
  • the preferred diffusion atmosphere consisting of hydrogen and hydrogen fluoride (1 percent by volume balance substantially H is bled in until internal pressure is back to atmospheric, preferably slightly higher, then the retort is further purged by flowing the gas mixture throughit for an additional 1 5 minutes.
  • the container gas outlet is then connected to an oil manometer to establish a static atmosphere and monitor pressure during the process.
  • Final temperature of about 2,000 F. is held for 2 hours.
  • the static atmosphere is maintained by manipulation of the pressure regulator on the gas mixture cylinder so as to maintain a preferred height of about 4 to 6 inches in the oil manometer..
  • the furnace is turned off and the container is cooled atthe highest practical rate.
  • the hydrogen-hydrogen fluoride atmosphere is purged from the container with an inert gas, preferably argon. After cooling to room temperature, the processed core is cleaned of loose residue by blowing with compressed air.
  • an iron-base alloy matrix assembly applying a mixture of aluminum source material and chromium source material on said assembly, the aluminum source material being selected from the group consisting of Al-Fe alloys, Al-Cr alloys and mixtures thereof, the chromium source material being selected from the group consisting of Cr-Fe alloys, Al-Cr alloys, Cr and mixtures thereof, and heating the assembly in an atmosphere consisting essentially of H and HF at an elevated temperature for a time sufficient to cause the formation of Al and Cr fluoride salts and their reduction, and to also effect the diffusion of the Al and Cr, resulting from the reduction, into the iron-base alloy along with the bonding of the matrix assembly together to form an integrated structure.
  • the aluminum source is Al-Fe'alloy having a ratio of about 1:1.
  • regenerator assembly is initially subject to a preliminary bonding step prior to the other steps, the initial step comprising holding the assembly together while heating it to about 1,600-l,700' F. to effecta-preliminary bonding of the assembly.
  • regenerator is of the flat cylindrical type used int certain turbine engines and a metal band is fastened around the circumference of the assembly followed by the heating thereof at an elevated temperature for a time sufficient to effect the preliminary bonding of the assembly together and thereafter performing the remaining stepsof the method.
  • trix is initially a low carbon mild steel.
  • regenerator assembly is placed in a sealed container after the applying step and the container is purged with argon at an elevated temperature prior to further treatment.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
US00318785A 1972-12-27 1972-12-27 Method of preparing oxidation resistant materials Expired - Lifetime US3807030A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00318785A US3807030A (en) 1972-12-27 1972-12-27 Method of preparing oxidation resistant materials
CA187,612A CA998578A (en) 1972-12-27 1973-12-06 Oxidation resistant materials and structures
SE7317224A SE398131B (sv) 1972-12-27 1973-12-20 Forfarande for samtidig diffusionslegering och sammanbindning av regeneratorsammansettningar
US426867A US3883944A (en) 1972-12-27 1973-12-20 Method of preparing oxidation resistant materials and structures
DE2363830A DE2363830A1 (de) 1972-12-27 1973-12-21 Oxydationsbestaendige materialien und strukturen
JP48142539A JPS4997735A (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png) 1972-12-27 1973-12-21
IT8419/73A IT1000955B (it) 1972-12-27 1973-12-21 Materiali e strutture resistenti all ossidazione
GB5945773A GB1419289A (en) 1972-12-27 1973-12-21 Method for diffusing simultaneously aluminium and chromium into metal substrates
FR7346359A FR2212441B1 (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png) 1972-12-27 1973-12-26
AU63989/73A AU476740B2 (en) 1972-12-27 1973-12-27 Oxidation resistant materials and structures

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00318785A US3807030A (en) 1972-12-27 1972-12-27 Method of preparing oxidation resistant materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3807030A true US3807030A (en) 1974-04-30

Family

ID=23239568

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00318785A Expired - Lifetime US3807030A (en) 1972-12-27 1972-12-27 Method of preparing oxidation resistant materials

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3807030A (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png)
JP (1) JPS4997735A (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png)
AU (1) AU476740B2 (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png)
CA (1) CA998578A (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png)
DE (1) DE2363830A1 (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png)
FR (1) FR2212441B1 (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png)
GB (1) GB1419289A (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png)
IT (1) IT1000955B (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png)
SE (1) SE398131B (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3891784A (en) * 1972-12-18 1975-06-24 Chrysler Corp Method of preparing oxidation resistant brazed joints
EP0874062A2 (en) * 1995-11-06 1998-10-28 Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. Heat resistant stainless steel wire or strip
US20110300404A1 (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-08 General Electric Company Oxidation resistant components with improved high temperature strength and related methods
CN115142029A (zh) * 2022-08-25 2022-10-04 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 一种耐蚀Cr基多层结构复合涂层的制备方法

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2801187A (en) * 1950-12-13 1957-07-30 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Methods for obtaining superficial diffusion alloys, in particular chromium alloys
FR1297235A (fr) * 1961-05-16 1962-06-29 Chromalloy Corp Revêtement sur métaux, obtenu par diffusion
US3061462A (en) * 1959-03-26 1962-10-30 Chromalloy Corp Metallic diffusion processes
US3096205A (en) * 1960-05-16 1963-07-02 Chromalloy Corp Diffusion coating of metals
US3257227A (en) * 1962-12-31 1966-06-21 Chromalloy American Corp Diffusion coating of metals
US3340054A (en) * 1963-07-24 1967-09-05 Bethlehem Steel Corp Formation of chromium-containing coatings on steel strip
US3365327A (en) * 1965-04-14 1968-01-23 Union Carbide Corp Vapor diffusion coating containing aluminum-chromium-silicon
US3589927A (en) * 1965-07-01 1971-06-29 Albright & Wilson Chromising of ferrous metal substrates
US3596346A (en) * 1969-04-02 1971-08-03 United Aircraft Corp Method for joining metals
US3623901A (en) * 1968-11-18 1971-11-30 Bethlehem Steel Corp Formation of chromium-containing coatings on both sides of steel strip with one coated side having a bright finish
US3713206A (en) * 1969-06-10 1973-01-30 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Method for the manufacture of a composite refractory metallic element with porous coating

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2801187A (en) * 1950-12-13 1957-07-30 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Methods for obtaining superficial diffusion alloys, in particular chromium alloys
US3061462A (en) * 1959-03-26 1962-10-30 Chromalloy Corp Metallic diffusion processes
US3096205A (en) * 1960-05-16 1963-07-02 Chromalloy Corp Diffusion coating of metals
FR1297235A (fr) * 1961-05-16 1962-06-29 Chromalloy Corp Revêtement sur métaux, obtenu par diffusion
US3257227A (en) * 1962-12-31 1966-06-21 Chromalloy American Corp Diffusion coating of metals
US3340054A (en) * 1963-07-24 1967-09-05 Bethlehem Steel Corp Formation of chromium-containing coatings on steel strip
US3365327A (en) * 1965-04-14 1968-01-23 Union Carbide Corp Vapor diffusion coating containing aluminum-chromium-silicon
US3589927A (en) * 1965-07-01 1971-06-29 Albright & Wilson Chromising of ferrous metal substrates
US3623901A (en) * 1968-11-18 1971-11-30 Bethlehem Steel Corp Formation of chromium-containing coatings on both sides of steel strip with one coated side having a bright finish
US3596346A (en) * 1969-04-02 1971-08-03 United Aircraft Corp Method for joining metals
US3713206A (en) * 1969-06-10 1973-01-30 Onera (Off Nat Aerospatiale) Method for the manufacture of a composite refractory metallic element with porous coating

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3891784A (en) * 1972-12-18 1975-06-24 Chrysler Corp Method of preparing oxidation resistant brazed joints
EP0874062A2 (en) * 1995-11-06 1998-10-28 Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. Heat resistant stainless steel wire or strip
EP0874062A3 (en) * 1995-11-06 1999-09-08 Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. Heat resistant stainless steel wire or strip
US20110300404A1 (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-08 General Electric Company Oxidation resistant components with improved high temperature strength and related methods
CN115142029A (zh) * 2022-08-25 2022-10-04 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 一种耐蚀Cr基多层结构复合涂层的制备方法
CN115142029B (zh) * 2022-08-25 2023-07-28 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 一种耐蚀Cr基多层结构复合涂层的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4997735A (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png) 1974-09-17
SE398131B (sv) 1977-12-05
AU6398973A (en) 1975-07-03
IT1000955B (it) 1976-04-10
FR2212441B1 (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png) 1978-03-10
CA998578A (en) 1976-10-19
GB1419289A (en) 1975-12-31
DE2363830A1 (de) 1974-07-04
AU476740B2 (en) 1976-09-30
FR2212441A1 (US06312121-20011106-C00033.png) 1974-07-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4212669A (en) Method for the production of precision shapes
US5156321A (en) Powder metallurgy repair technique
US4232094A (en) Sprayed coatings on metal surfaces
US4500364A (en) Method of forming a protective aluminum-silicon coating composition for metal substrates
US2351798A (en) Coating metal articles
US3079276A (en) Vapor diffusion coating process
US3096160A (en) Vapor diffusion coating process
US4485961A (en) Welding by hot isostatic pressing (HIP)
US3540863A (en) Art of protectively metal coating columbium and columbium - alloy structures
US6139649A (en) Diffusion method for coating high temperature nickel chromium alloy products
US4104782A (en) Method for consolidating precision shapes
EP0693316A1 (en) Metal honeycomb for catalyst for automobiles and method of manufacturing the same
US3807030A (en) Method of preparing oxidation resistant materials
GB2042393A (en) Method of diffusion bonding duplex sheet cladding to substrates
US3883944A (en) Method of preparing oxidation resistant materials and structures
US3625750A (en) Coating process
US4210269A (en) Method for diffusion bonding sheet claddings to superalloy substrates
US4444353A (en) Brazing filler metal composition and process
GB2081155A (en) Improved Cladding Process and Product
US3300854A (en) Method of making refractory metal structures with an oxidation resistant coating
US4379121A (en) Brazing filler metal composition and process
JP4036925B2 (ja) ニッケル又はコバルトをベースとする超合金の部材に肉付けを施す方法
JPS5934230B2 (ja) 金属の表面処理方法
US4681251A (en) Method of joining Ni-base heat resisting alloys
US3277565A (en) Method of cladding yttrium hydride and yttrium base alloy hydrides

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: FIDELITY UNION TRUST COMPANY, 765 BROAD ST., NEWAR

Free format text: MORTGAGE;ASSIGNOR:CHRYSLER CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003832/0358

Effective date: 19810209

Owner name: FIDELITY UNION TRUST COMPANY, TRUSTEE,NEW JERSEY

Free format text: MORTGAGE;ASSIGNOR:CHRYSLER CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:003832/0358

Effective date: 19810209

AS Assignment

Owner name: CHRYSLER CORPORATION, HIGHLAND PARK, MI 12000 LYNN

Free format text: ASSIGNORS HEREBY REASSIGN, TRANSFER AND RELINQUISH THEIR ENTIRE INTEREST UNDER SAID INVENTIONS AND RELEASE THEIR SECURITY INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:FIDELITY UNION BANK;ARNEBECK, WILLIAM, INDIVIDUAL TRUSTEE;REEL/FRAME:004063/0604

Effective date: 19820217

AS Assignment

Owner name: CHRYSLER CORPORATION

Free format text: PARTES REASSIGN, TRANSFER AND RELINQUISH THEIR ENTIRE INTEREST UNDER SAID PATENTS ALSO RELEASE THEIR SECURITY INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:MANUFACTURERS NATIONAL BANK OF DETROIL (CORPORATE TRUSTEE) AND BLACK DONALD E., (INDIVIDUAL TRUSTEE);REEL/FRAME:004355/0154

Effective date: 19840905

AS Assignment

Owner name: ICM, A DE GENERAL PARTNERSHIP, MICHIGAN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:AMPLEX VAN WERT CORPORATION, A CORP OF DE;REEL/FRAME:005237/0133

Effective date: 19881128

AS Assignment

Owner name: AMPLEX VAN WERT CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE., OHIO

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CHRYSLER CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005072/0662

Effective date: 19860528

AS Assignment

Owner name: HELLER FINANCIAL, INC., A DE CORP. AS AGENT

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ICM/KREBSOGE, A DE GENERAL PARTNERSHIP;REEL/FRAME:005249/0126

Effective date: 19890915

AS Assignment

Owner name: HELLER FINANCIAL, INC.

Free format text: AMENDMENT TO RESTATE THE ORIGINAL SECURITY AGREEMENT DATED SEPTEMBER 15, 1989.;ASSIGNOR:ICM/ KREBSOGE A GENERAL PARTNERSHIP OF DELAWARE;REEL/FRAME:005797/0303

Effective date: 19910724