US3806311A - Rotating furnaces - Google Patents

Rotating furnaces Download PDF

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Publication number
US3806311A
US3806311A US00339310A US33931073A US3806311A US 3806311 A US3806311 A US 3806311A US 00339310 A US00339310 A US 00339310A US 33931073 A US33931073 A US 33931073A US 3806311 A US3806311 A US 3806311A
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United States
Prior art keywords
furnace
shell
external surface
shells
liquid
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00339310A
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English (en)
Inventor
B Barber
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British Iron and Steel Research Association BISRA
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British Iron and Steel Research Association BISRA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/38—Arrangements of cooling devices

Definitions

  • nozzles are inclined to a line parallel to the axis of the furnace so that the water is directed with a component of motion in the direction of rotation of the furnace.
  • the water is forced by the pressure head built up as a result of the flange to pass between the innermost shell and the external surface of the furnace and then back between the two shells before being thrown outwardly into an annular collector surrounding the furnace.
  • the end ofthe furnace becomes extremely hot by virtue of the environment necessary for the successful collection of said molten metal and slag. This can result in l the burning away of the end of the shell which encloses the refractory lining of the furnace.
  • a metallurgical furnace installation having a rotatable furnace with an external surface and a stationary support structure, the installation including means for supplying and directing a cooling liquid under pressure along said external surface with a substantial component of motion in the direction of rotation of the fur nace.
  • a method of treating material in a rotating :metallurgical; furnace having an external cylindrical surface the step of supplying and directing a cooling liquid under pressure along said surface with a substantial component of motion in the direction of rotation of l the furnace.
  • the installation also includes means for guiding the liquidalong said surface and pre-' venting the liquidfrom immediately being thrown off the surface under centrifugal force.
  • Another optional feature is an annular collector mounted on the support structure surrounding the furnace to collect discharging liquid.
  • the means for guiding the liquid may include first and second shells coaxial with and rigidly attached to the external surface of the furnace, the second shell being spaced outwardly from the first shell, the arrangement being such that liquid flows between said external surface and said first shell in one direction and then between said first and second shells in the opposite direction.
  • the installation preferably includes a flange at the liquid supply end of the first shell extending inwardly towards the axis of the furnace, said first flange providing in use a pressure head of liquid which forces the cooling liquid to circulate between the external surface of the furnace and the first shell .andsubsequ ently between the first and second shells.
  • the second shell may.
  • the flange of the first shell extends closer to the axis of the furnace than the flange of the second shell. In use, there will exist a pressure head of liquid between the inner end of the flange on the first shell and the inner end of the flange on the second shell.
  • the annular collector may have a U-shaped crosssection. Curved portions may extend from the xtremi ties of the limbs of the U and project towards one another partially to close the opening of the U. This prevents the majority of the liquid from splashing back from the upper portion of the collector onto the furnace shell.
  • the means for supplying cooling liquid suitably includes a number of nozzles spaced around the furnace.
  • nozzles may be fed by pipes from a ring main, and the full perimeter of the external surface can thereby be effectively cooled.
  • the nozzles are preferably set at an angle to a line parallel to the axis of the furnace, so that the cooling liquid is directed with a substantial component of motion inthe direction of rotation of the furnace.
  • the diameter of the external surface of the furnace is the diameter of the external surface of the furnace.
  • adjacent to one end of the furnace may be greater than the diameter of the external surface at the central portion of the furnace.
  • the furnace installation preferably includes a stationary furnace hood surrounding one end of the furnace and serving to collect molten material discharged from the furnace.
  • the guiding means then extends into the region surrounded by the furnace hood.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through one end i of one embodiment of a metallurgicalfurnace installation according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail of part of the furnace installation of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a crosssection on line IIIIII of FIG.
  • a rotatable furnace 2 consisting of a steel drum 4 of cylindrical form is mounted for rotation about its axis 5.
  • the axis 5 is generally horizontally-disposed, being inclined at about 3 to the horizontal and not more than 8 to the horizontal.
  • the drum 4 is supported by rollers (not shown) one or more of which rriay be driven by a motor to cause rotation of the furnace 2.
  • the drum 4 is lined with a layer of refractory material 6, and is open at both ends.
  • a layer of refractory material 6 Into the upper or inlet end, iron-making materials are fed, whilst liquid iron and slag is discharged from the lower or outlet end 7 into a refractory-lined hood 8 which is stationary and which surrounds the outlet end 7 of furnace 2.
  • the hood 8 has a refractory-lined floor 9 which slopes downwardly to an opening 10 through which liquid metal and slag can bedischarged from the hood 8 into a ladle 11.
  • An exhaust gas duct 12 extends horizontally from the hood 8 to a stack (not shown).
  • first steel shell 14 coaxial with and spaced from surface 13 is rigidly attached to surface 13 by members 16 spaced around the circumference of surface 13.
  • a second coaxial steel shell 15, spaced outwardly from the first shell 14, is rigidly attached to the extremity of surface 13 by an annular plate 17 which extends around the circumference of surface 13.
  • annular plate 17 which extends around the circumference of surface 13.
  • Both shells 14 and 15 have flanges, 18 and 19 respectively extending inwardly towards the axis of the furnace 2.
  • Flange 18 at the water supply end of the first coaxial shell 14 extends closer to the axis 5 of furnace 2 than does flange 19 at the water discharge end of the second coaxial shell 15.
  • hood 8 The portion of the refractory-lined hood 8 which surrounds the outlet end 7 of furnace 2 conforms to and is closely spaced from shells 14 and 15, so that the inner surface of hood 8 is not unduly cooled by cold air entering hood 8 through the resulting space.
  • Attached to hood 8 where it surrounds the furnace 2 is an annular flanged section 30 which protrudes towards the furnace axis 5.
  • the flanged section 30 interacts with a radial protrusion 31 from the second shell to form a seal between the furnace 2 and the hood 8.
  • An annular collector 20 surrounds the furnace 2 and end 7 of furnace 2.
  • the collector 20 is not attached to the furnace 2, but is mounted on the furnace support structure which remains stationary.
  • the collector 20 is U-shaped, having portions extending from' the extremities of the U and projecting towards one another partially to enclose the opening of the U.
  • Each pipe 21 has a nozzle 22 at one end and is connected with a water supply under pressure from a ring main at the other end.
  • Each nozzle 22 is set at an angle of about 70 to a line parallel to the axis 5 of the furnace 2 so that the cooling water is directed with a substantial component of motion in the direction of rotation of the furnace 2.
  • Both the nozzles 22 and the collector 20 are outside the region surrounded by furnace hood 8.
  • the rotating furnace 2 contains a layer of molten iron maintained against the refractory lining 6.
  • Heat is supplied to the furnace 2 by combusting fuel supplied by a burner inserted in the inlet end of the furnace 2 and also combustion of the furnace gases, to provide energy for the reactions in the furnace contents.
  • Molten iron and slag gradually flow along the furnace 2 to be discharged under centrifugal force from the outlet end 7 into hood 8.
  • the molten iron and steel run down the walls of hood 8 and along the sloping floor 9 to run into the collection ladle 11.
  • the waste gases produced by the combusted fuel pass through the hood 8 and into the exhaust gas duct 12, from where they are taken to a stack via suitable gas cleaning equipment.
  • Water is supplied continuously under pressure through pipes 21 and exits via nozzles 22 with a substantial component of motion in the direction of rotation of the furnace 2.
  • the water also has a component of motion in a direction parallel to the axis 5 of furnace 2.
  • the pressure of the water is adjusted depending on furnace rotational speed. As soon as the water comes into contact with the drum 4, the centrifugal forces tend to throw the water outwards away from the furnace 2. However the first shell 14 and its corresponding flange 18 prevent the water from moving away from the drum 4 and result in the build up of a pressure head of water due to the centrifugal force involved. Water is thereby forced under pressure into the space between the external surface 13 of the furnace 2 and the first shell 14 and guided along surface 13.
  • first shell 14 The water is prevented from immediately being thrown off the surface 13 under centrifugal force by first shell 14. Water then flows through the gap between the end of first shell 14 and the annular plate 17, finally flowing between first shell 14 and second shell 15 in a direction opposite to the direction of flow between surface 13 and first shell 14.
  • the flange 19 attached to the second shell 15 permits the water to be discharged more or less radially from the furnace 2.
  • Flange 19 also provides a means for controlling the pressure head of water, so that the required flow of water for cooling purposes passes along the external surfaces 13, 17 and 15 of furnace 2.
  • the cooling water may be cooled by conventional means and recycled into the furnace cooling system if so desired.
  • the central portion of the furnace outer surface may be cooled by a forced flow of cool air or by additional water sprays situated around the furnace.
  • the outer surface of the end portion of the furnace may be inclined towards or awayfrom the axis of the furnace.
  • the spacing of the coaxial shells will depend upon the temperature of operation of the furnace, the diameter of the furnace, and the materials from which the refractory lining of the furnace and the outer surface of the furnace are made. These factors will dictate the cooling water flow rates required to ensure adequate cooling of the end of the furnace.
  • the invention thus provides in particular an extremely satisfactory means of cooling the ends of rotating furnaces which extend into hot environments.
  • a metallurgical furnace installation including a high speed rotatable furnace having an internal refractory lining and an externally generally cylindrical surface, a stationary structure for supporting said furnace for rotation about a generally horizontally axis; pipes and nozzles mounted on said structure for supplying and directing a cooling liquid under pressure along said external surface of the furnace, said nozzles being set at an acute angle to a line parallel to the axis of the furnace so that the cooling liquid is directed with a substantial component of motion in the direction of rotation of the furnace, said installation including first and second shells co-axial with the furnace, both shells being rigidly attached to the external surface of the furnace, and said second shell being spaced outwardly from said first shell and mounted at one of its ends to an annular plate extending from the external surface of the furnace, the arrangement being such that cooling liquid may flow between said external surface and said first shell in one direction and is then deflected by the annular plate so that it flows between said first shell and said second shell in an opposed direction.
  • An installation according to claim 1 including a flange at the liquid supply end of said first shell extending inwardly toward the axis of the furnace, said flange providing in use a pressure head of liquid under centrifugal force which causes the cooling liquid to flow between the external surface of the furnace and the first shell and subsequently between the first and second shells.
  • An installation according to claim 1 including an annular collector mounted on the supportstructure surrounding the furnace to collect discharged liquid.
  • annular collector is of U-shaped cross section and curved portion extending from the extremities of the limbs of the U projecttoward one another partially to close the opening of the U.
  • An installation according to claim 1 including a stationary furnace hood surrounding one end of the furnace and serving to collect molten material discharged from the furnace.
  • liquid supplying and directing means includes supply pipes and nozzles on the ends of said supply pipes.
  • a method according to claim 9 including continuously forming the cooling liquid having the component of motion into an annular body ofliquid, and causing liquid from the annular body to flow between the external surface of the furnace and the first shell and.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
US00339310A 1972-03-13 1973-03-08 Rotating furnaces Expired - Lifetime US3806311A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1162372A GB1405173A (en) 1972-03-13 1972-03-13 Rotating furnaces

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3806311A true US3806311A (en) 1974-04-23

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US00339310A Expired - Lifetime US3806311A (en) 1972-03-13 1973-03-08 Rotating furnaces

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3806311A (fr)
JP (1) JPS492705A (fr)
AU (1) AU5309673A (fr)
BE (1) BE796647A (fr)
CA (1) CA1002754A (fr)
DE (1) DE2312224A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2175905B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1405173A (fr)
IT (1) IT980555B (fr)
NL (1) NL7303527A (fr)
SE (1) SE379094B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4212632A (en) * 1979-05-02 1980-07-15 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Cooling arrangement for rotary kiln
US4543061A (en) * 1984-04-02 1985-09-24 Conoco Inc. Air cooled rotary kiln feed end dam
US4545764A (en) * 1982-06-03 1985-10-08 British Nuclear Fuels Limited Rotary kiln assemblies, method of changing seal arrangements and seal arrangements for use in a rotary kiln assembly
NL9300549A (nl) * 1992-03-26 1993-10-18 Ekokem Oy Ab Werkwijze en inrichting voor het afkoelen en afdichten van het uitlaateinde van een draaibare vuilverbrandingstrommel.
US6584700B1 (en) * 2000-01-10 2003-07-01 Feeco International Drying and cooling unit

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0691317B2 (ja) * 1986-09-16 1994-11-14 株式会社日立製作所 回路形成後のパラジウム除去方法
GB201713576D0 (en) 2017-08-23 2017-10-04 Skinners Design Ltd Forming method and apparatus

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US628940A (en) * 1897-07-10 1899-07-18 Edward H Hurry Rotary furnace.
US851765A (en) * 1906-03-01 1907-04-30 Thomas Matthew Morgan Cement-kiln.
GB764931A (en) * 1955-01-17 1957-01-02 Fellner & Ziegler Gmbh Method and apparatus for sealing an end of a rotary drum in apparatus such as rotary kilns, ovens, furnaces and the like
US2826403A (en) * 1954-07-17 1958-03-11 Nat Lead Co Cooling arrangements for rotary kilns

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US628940A (en) * 1897-07-10 1899-07-18 Edward H Hurry Rotary furnace.
US851765A (en) * 1906-03-01 1907-04-30 Thomas Matthew Morgan Cement-kiln.
US2826403A (en) * 1954-07-17 1958-03-11 Nat Lead Co Cooling arrangements for rotary kilns
GB764931A (en) * 1955-01-17 1957-01-02 Fellner & Ziegler Gmbh Method and apparatus for sealing an end of a rotary drum in apparatus such as rotary kilns, ovens, furnaces and the like

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4212632A (en) * 1979-05-02 1980-07-15 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Cooling arrangement for rotary kiln
US4545764A (en) * 1982-06-03 1985-10-08 British Nuclear Fuels Limited Rotary kiln assemblies, method of changing seal arrangements and seal arrangements for use in a rotary kiln assembly
US4543061A (en) * 1984-04-02 1985-09-24 Conoco Inc. Air cooled rotary kiln feed end dam
NL9300549A (nl) * 1992-03-26 1993-10-18 Ekokem Oy Ab Werkwijze en inrichting voor het afkoelen en afdichten van het uitlaateinde van een draaibare vuilverbrandingstrommel.
US6584700B1 (en) * 2000-01-10 2003-07-01 Feeco International Drying and cooling unit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE379094B (fr) 1975-09-22
JPS492705A (fr) 1974-01-11
FR2175905B1 (fr) 1977-02-04
IT980555B (it) 1974-10-10
BE796647A (fr) 1973-07-02
CA1002754A (en) 1977-01-04
AU5309673A (en) 1974-09-12
NL7303527A (fr) 1973-09-17
GB1405173A (en) 1975-09-03
FR2175905A1 (fr) 1973-10-26
DE2312224A1 (de) 1973-09-20

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