US3803374A - Pyrotechnic circuit maker or breaker - Google Patents

Pyrotechnic circuit maker or breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
US3803374A
US3803374A US00301534A US30153472A US3803374A US 3803374 A US3803374 A US 3803374A US 00301534 A US00301534 A US 00301534A US 30153472 A US30153472 A US 30153472A US 3803374 A US3803374 A US 3803374A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
contact
pyrotechnic
elements
electrical
partition
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00301534A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Delgendre
V Guigot
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Etat Francais
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Etat Francais
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Etat Francais filed Critical Etat Francais
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Publication of US3803374A publication Critical patent/US3803374A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
    • H01H39/004—Closing switches

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A pyrotechnic device designed to irreversibly make or break a permanent electrical contact as controlled by an initial electrical, mechanical or pyrotechnic signal, the device comprising an elastomer head mounted on the pyrotechnic cartridge and containing a hollow interior portion in which two electrical contact members are disposed, a deformable partition separating the pyrotechnic charge from the elastomer body, and a member which is moved into contact ,with the two contact elements to either make or break an electrical connection'between the two contacts depending upon whether the third element is composed of conducting or insulating material.
  • the present invention relates to a device intended to make or break a permanent electrical contact using a pyrotechnic element triggered by electrical, mechanical or pyrotechnic means.
  • pyrotechnic switches have a number of advantages compared to electromagnetic switches: absence of external powersource, low weight, fast operation speed, resistance against environmental conditions.
  • the making of the contact, however, and the transmission of theenergy supplied by the pyrotechnic element, or at least thefirst of these functions, is performed by the rotational or linear motion of mechanical parts.'This design leads to a certain complexity prejudicial to reliability and restricting the miniaturization possibilities while also rendering the switch sensitive to shock and vibration.
  • the device according to this invention enables thesedrawbacks to be overcome, since making of contact-.-
  • the invention resides in a pyrotechnic device designed to irreversibly and permanently make or break an electrical contact wh'en initiated by an electrical, mechanical or pyrotechnical signal.
  • the device is characterized by the fact that it housesthe following elements in a singleshell: a hollow elastomer insert carrying two metal conducting elements, each connected to one of two connecting pins; a pyrotechnic element separated from the insert by a deformable partition, the
  • theinvention described herein is employed as a switch in which electrical contactbetween the two conducting elements is a third electrically conducting element brought'into contact with the first two metal conducting elements by deformationof thepartition.
  • I I I r i In a second embodiment, t he invention is used as a circuit-breaker;the preestablished contact between the two conducting elements is broken by an insulating element which is inserted between't he two conducting elements by the deformation of the partition.'
  • Part 3 is a ring whereas parts 4 and 5 are half-rings insulated from each other. Parts 4 and 5 are connected to connecting pins 7 which extend through and out of body 1 via sealed insulating bushings 6.
  • a pyrotechnic cartridge 8 is screwed into body I with deformable partition 18 in between.
  • This cartridge contains an explosive charge and an electrical pyrotechnic squib 10 fitted with connecting pins 11 which extend through and out of the cartridge via a sealed insulating bushing 12.
  • the above device operates as follows: on application of an appropriate electrical signal, charge 9 explodes, thereby deforming partition 18 by an amount greater than the space provided between the contact elements when in rest position. Part 3 is therefore pressed against parts 2, being compressed, ensures contact despite opposing forces, especially vibratory, which would be exerted upon the metal parts.
  • the shape of the metal contact elements can also vary, e.g. for the purpose of simultaneously closing several circuits.
  • FIG. 2 shows the portion of the circuit breaker embodiment of this invention which differs from that of the switch, or circuit maker, embodiment described above.
  • the head or'body portion 1 (of the circuit maker) and 1' (of thecirc uit breaker) are screwed onto the pyrotechnic cartridge 8.
  • metal studs 15 and 16 are molded into the elastomer hollow body 1 and are connected to pins 7 which extend out of the body through sealed insulating bushings 6'. Studs 15 and 16 support rectangularly shaped contact blades 13 and 14. The free ends of blades 13 and 14 have U-shaped cutouts which overlap in-opposed fashion to form a circular opening 19 see FIG. 2a) into which the tip of a conical punch 17 is in-
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of the circuit maker embodiment with'contacts in a normally open position;
  • FIG. 2 shows asectional'view of the circuit breaker embodiment withcontacts a'normally'closed posi-
  • FIG. 2a shows adetail of the contac't elements of the" circuit breaker embodiment;
  • FIG. 3 shows'a sectionalview of the circuit maker embodiment with contacts in a closed position;
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of the circuit breaker embodiment with contacts in an open position.
  • a'body 1 houses the switch proper which consists of a hollow elastomerinsert 2 into which metal parts 3, 4 and Sare incorpo ing the contacts and where the mechanical or climatic serted.
  • the punch 17 is tightly'fitted to the bottom of the body 1' to form a surface on which the deformable partition 18' rests when the body is assembled onto the cartridge8, as shown.
  • the device above operates as follows: deformation of partition 18 in the manner described previously causes the deformation of the elastomer box bottom, and punch 17, which is fastened to that bottom, is forced upwardly in the direction of deformation of partition 18, breaking the contact between the blades 13 and 14 which then are irreversibly insulated bythe insulating material of the punch wedged between these two contact elements.
  • the device according to the invention can be used whenever a permanent electrical contact is to be made or broken as controlled by an electrical or mechanical signal. It is of particular value in the case where an external powersource is not available for closing or openenvironment precludes the use of-electromagnetic or solid-state switches and relays; For these reasons, the
  • a pyrotechnic device designed to irreversibly make or break a permanent electrical contact as controlled by an initial electrical, mechanical or pyrotechnic signal comprising: a cartridge having a cavity containing a pyrotechnic charge and means to detonate said charge; an elastomer body disposed on said carnation of the said pyrotechnic charge.
  • said third element comprises an electrically conducting member which, when urged into contact with said first and second elements upon deformation of said partition, completes an electrical circuit between said first and second elements.
  • said third element comprises an insulating member which, when urged into engagement with said first and second contact elements upon deformation of said partition, separates said first and second elements from contact with each other to thereby break a pre-existing completed electrical circuit between said first and second elements.

Landscapes

  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
US00301534A 1971-11-05 1972-10-27 Pyrotechnic circuit maker or breaker Expired - Lifetime US3803374A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7139783A FR2159628A5 (pt) 1971-11-05 1971-11-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3803374A true US3803374A (en) 1974-04-09

Family

ID=9085394

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00301534A Expired - Lifetime US3803374A (en) 1971-11-05 1972-10-27 Pyrotechnic circuit maker or breaker

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3803374A (pt)
CA (1) CA961078A (pt)
CH (1) CH560964A5 (pt)
DE (1) DE2252839A1 (pt)
FR (1) FR2159628A5 (pt)
GB (1) GB1366014A (pt)
IT (1) IT962335B (pt)

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921945A (en) * 1974-07-25 1975-11-25 Us Navy Train resonant car-body rocking detector system
US3930629A (en) * 1974-08-07 1976-01-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Overheated journal bearing derailment prevention system
US4029859A (en) * 1974-08-07 1977-06-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Thermal sensor and current generator
US4150266A (en) * 1977-01-27 1979-04-17 Networks Electronic Corp. Miniature pyrotechnic squib switch, single pole, normally open
DE2951984A1 (de) * 1979-12-22 1981-07-23 Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen Einrichtung zur schnellunterbrechung von kurzschlussstroemen
US4939326A (en) * 1986-02-07 1990-07-03 Weinblatt Lee S Flat switch insertable into a magazine and usable as part of a survey technique for readership of publications
US5019679A (en) * 1986-02-07 1991-05-28 Weinblatt Lee S Flat switch insertable into a magazine and usable as part of a survey technique for readership of publications
US5262753A (en) * 1991-07-25 1993-11-16 Giat Industries Pyrotechnic controlled electrical switch with conductive foil bridging contact disk
US5463260A (en) * 1993-01-20 1995-10-31 Nsk Ltd. Trigger device for triggering a passive restraint device in a car
WO1997041581A1 (de) * 1996-04-27 1997-11-06 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Pyrotechnisches sicherungselement für stromkreise
DE19728658A1 (de) * 1997-07-04 1999-01-07 Dynamit Nobel Ag Pyrotechnisches Wirkelement
US6344788B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2002-02-05 Pyroalliance Pyrotechnically operated electrical contactor
US6411190B1 (en) * 1999-08-03 2002-06-25 Yazaki Corporation Circuit breaker
US6448884B1 (en) * 1999-08-27 2002-09-10 Yazaki Corporation Circuit breaker
US20040221638A1 (en) * 2003-02-04 2004-11-11 Uwe Brede Pyromechanical cutting element
US20050029787A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2005-02-10 Young Anthony M. Integral initiator assembly for use in inflator devices
US20050083165A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2005-04-21 Tirmizi Abrar A. Pyrotechnic circuit breaker
US20050083164A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2005-04-21 Caruso Keith W. Pyrotechnic circuit breaker
US20060049027A1 (en) * 2004-09-08 2006-03-09 Iversen Arthur H Fast acting, low cost, high power transfer switch
US20080204184A1 (en) * 2005-04-08 2008-08-28 Auto Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh Passive Triggering of a Circuit Breaker for Electrical Supply Lines of Motor Vehicles
US20110237102A1 (en) * 2008-11-05 2011-09-29 Auto Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh Plug-In Connection for an Occupant Protection Means
US20120167659A1 (en) * 2011-01-05 2012-07-05 Nxp B.V. Pressure sensor with pressure-actuated switch
US20130020182A1 (en) * 2010-03-25 2013-01-24 Abb Technology Ag Medium-voltage switchgear assembly having a short-circuiting unit
US8654501B2 (en) 2009-09-17 2014-02-18 Abb Technology Ag Low-, medium-, or high-voltage switching device with chemical charge means
US20170263403A1 (en) * 2014-09-09 2017-09-14 Airbus Safran Launchers Sas Pyrotechnic circuit breaker with improved cut of the blade
WO2018038117A1 (ja) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-01 株式会社ダイセル アクチュエータ
CN109314014A (zh) * 2016-06-17 2019-02-05 株式会社大赛璐 致动器
GB2577346A (en) * 2018-09-24 2020-03-25 Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd Switch with pyrotechnic actuator
US11062865B2 (en) * 2016-12-13 2021-07-13 Peter Lell Electrical interruption switch, in particular for interrupting high currents at high voltages
US20220246377A1 (en) * 2019-06-25 2022-08-04 Mersen France Sb Sas Electric circuit breaker
WO2023057008A1 (de) * 2021-10-04 2023-04-13 Peter Lell Zündeinheit zum einsetzen in pyrotechnische baugruppen
WO2023147191A1 (en) * 2022-01-31 2023-08-03 Sensata Technologies, Inc. Transformer-based trigger mechanism for current interruption devices and circuit designs for same
WO2023152907A1 (ja) * 2022-02-10 2023-08-17 株式会社ダイセル 電気回路切替装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10209627A1 (de) * 2002-03-05 2003-10-02 Mbb Airbag Systems Gmbh Pyrotechnischer Schalter

Cited By (49)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921945A (en) * 1974-07-25 1975-11-25 Us Navy Train resonant car-body rocking detector system
US3930629A (en) * 1974-08-07 1976-01-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Overheated journal bearing derailment prevention system
US4029859A (en) * 1974-08-07 1977-06-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Thermal sensor and current generator
US4150266A (en) * 1977-01-27 1979-04-17 Networks Electronic Corp. Miniature pyrotechnic squib switch, single pole, normally open
DE2951984A1 (de) * 1979-12-22 1981-07-23 Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen Einrichtung zur schnellunterbrechung von kurzschlussstroemen
US5019679A (en) * 1986-02-07 1991-05-28 Weinblatt Lee S Flat switch insertable into a magazine and usable as part of a survey technique for readership of publications
US4939326A (en) * 1986-02-07 1990-07-03 Weinblatt Lee S Flat switch insertable into a magazine and usable as part of a survey technique for readership of publications
US5262753A (en) * 1991-07-25 1993-11-16 Giat Industries Pyrotechnic controlled electrical switch with conductive foil bridging contact disk
US5463260A (en) * 1993-01-20 1995-10-31 Nsk Ltd. Trigger device for triggering a passive restraint device in a car
WO1997041581A1 (de) * 1996-04-27 1997-11-06 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Pyrotechnisches sicherungselement für stromkreise
US6496098B1 (en) 1997-07-04 2002-12-17 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff-Und Systemtechnik Pyrotechnic active element
DE19728658A1 (de) * 1997-07-04 1999-01-07 Dynamit Nobel Ag Pyrotechnisches Wirkelement
US6344788B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2002-02-05 Pyroalliance Pyrotechnically operated electrical contactor
US6411190B1 (en) * 1999-08-03 2002-06-25 Yazaki Corporation Circuit breaker
US6448884B1 (en) * 1999-08-27 2002-09-10 Yazaki Corporation Circuit breaker
US20040221638A1 (en) * 2003-02-04 2004-11-11 Uwe Brede Pyromechanical cutting element
US7222561B2 (en) * 2003-02-04 2007-05-29 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Pyromechanical cutting element
US20050029787A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2005-02-10 Young Anthony M. Integral initiator assembly for use in inflator devices
US6979021B2 (en) 2003-08-07 2005-12-27 Autoliv Asp, Inc. Integral initiator assembly for use in inflator devices
US20050083165A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2005-04-21 Tirmizi Abrar A. Pyrotechnic circuit breaker
US20050083164A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2005-04-21 Caruso Keith W. Pyrotechnic circuit breaker
US7123124B2 (en) * 2003-10-17 2006-10-17 Special Devices, Inc. Pyrotechnic circuit breaker
US7239225B2 (en) 2003-10-17 2007-07-03 Special Devices, Inc. Pyrotechnic circuit breaker
US20060049027A1 (en) * 2004-09-08 2006-03-09 Iversen Arthur H Fast acting, low cost, high power transfer switch
US7498923B2 (en) 2004-09-08 2009-03-03 Iversen Arthur H Fast acting, low cost, high power transfer switch
US20080204184A1 (en) * 2005-04-08 2008-08-28 Auto Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh Passive Triggering of a Circuit Breaker for Electrical Supply Lines of Motor Vehicles
US8154377B2 (en) * 2005-04-08 2012-04-10 Auto Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh Passive triggering of a circuit breaker for electrical supply lines of motor vehicles
US20110237102A1 (en) * 2008-11-05 2011-09-29 Auto Kabel Managementgesellschaft Mbh Plug-In Connection for an Occupant Protection Means
US8654501B2 (en) 2009-09-17 2014-02-18 Abb Technology Ag Low-, medium-, or high-voltage switching device with chemical charge means
US20130020182A1 (en) * 2010-03-25 2013-01-24 Abb Technology Ag Medium-voltage switchgear assembly having a short-circuiting unit
US9172222B2 (en) * 2010-03-25 2015-10-27 Abb Technology Ag Medium-voltage switchgear assembly having a short-circuiting unit
US20120167659A1 (en) * 2011-01-05 2012-07-05 Nxp B.V. Pressure sensor with pressure-actuated switch
US9016133B2 (en) * 2011-01-05 2015-04-28 Nxp, B.V. Pressure sensor with pressure-actuated switch
US20170263403A1 (en) * 2014-09-09 2017-09-14 Airbus Safran Launchers Sas Pyrotechnic circuit breaker with improved cut of the blade
US10468216B2 (en) * 2014-09-09 2019-11-05 Arianegroup Sas Pyrotechnic circuit breaker with improved cut of the blade
CN109314014A (zh) * 2016-06-17 2019-02-05 株式会社大赛璐 致动器
CN109564838A (zh) * 2016-08-23 2019-04-02 株式会社大赛璐 致动器
JPWO2018038117A1 (ja) * 2016-08-23 2019-06-24 株式会社ダイセル アクチュエータ
WO2018038117A1 (ja) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-01 株式会社ダイセル アクチュエータ
EP3506331A4 (en) * 2016-08-23 2020-03-11 Daicel Corporation ACTUATOR
US10867764B2 (en) 2016-08-23 2020-12-15 Daicel Corporation Actuator
JP7034075B2 (ja) 2016-08-23 2022-03-11 株式会社ダイセル アクチュエータ
US11062865B2 (en) * 2016-12-13 2021-07-13 Peter Lell Electrical interruption switch, in particular for interrupting high currents at high voltages
GB2577346A (en) * 2018-09-24 2020-03-25 Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd Switch with pyrotechnic actuator
US20220246377A1 (en) * 2019-06-25 2022-08-04 Mersen France Sb Sas Electric circuit breaker
US11996252B2 (en) * 2019-06-25 2024-05-28 Mersen France Sb Sas Electric circuit breaker
WO2023057008A1 (de) * 2021-10-04 2023-04-13 Peter Lell Zündeinheit zum einsetzen in pyrotechnische baugruppen
WO2023147191A1 (en) * 2022-01-31 2023-08-03 Sensata Technologies, Inc. Transformer-based trigger mechanism for current interruption devices and circuit designs for same
WO2023152907A1 (ja) * 2022-02-10 2023-08-17 株式会社ダイセル 電気回路切替装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2159628A5 (pt) 1973-06-22
DE2252839A1 (de) 1973-06-14
CA961078A (en) 1975-01-14
CH560964A5 (pt) 1975-04-15
IT962335B (it) 1973-12-20
GB1366014A (en) 1974-09-04

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