Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
  • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
  • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
  • D02J1/221—Preliminary treatments
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
  • Y10S57/908—Jet interlaced or intermingled

Definitions

• This invention relates to a method of preparing oriented synthetic continuous multifilament yarns by the coupled spinning-drawing process.
• oriented synthetic continuous multifilament yarns are usually prepared by wet-spinning, dry-spinning or melt-spinning synthetic linear polymeric substances into multifilaments, winding undrawn multifilament yarns into a package, and subsequently unwinding and drawing the yarns. Since the spinning and drawing steps are conducted separately in this conventional process, this process may be called a split process.
• Another object of this invention is to provide a novel coupled spinning-drawing process in which the drawing operation can be performed in a very stable state at a high stretch ratio and high tenacity synthetic continuous multifilament yarns excellent in orientation can be prepared conveniently.
• the above objects and advantages can be attained by a method of preparing oriented synthetic continuous multifilament yarns by the coupled spinning-drawing process, which comprises interlacing a bundle of as-spun synthetic continuous multifilaments so that an interlacing degree of 0.1-2.0 per meter of the bundle length is attained, and subsequently drawing the interlaced bundles at a prescribed stretch ratio.
• the method of this invention may be applied to bundle of synthetic continuous multifilaments spun by any of the Wet-spinning, dry-spinning and melt-spinning processes.
• These bundles of continuous multifilaments may be those spun from one spinneret having a plurality of nozzles or those formed by gathering bundles of continuous multifilaments spun from two or more of such spinnerets.
• Synthetic continuous multifilaments may be formed by applying a suitable spinning technique chosen from the above-mentioned spinning processes to optional fiberlforming crystalline linear polymers, for instance, polyesters, polyamides, acrylic polymers, vinyl chloride polymers, acetalized vinyl alcohol polymers and polyolefins.
• the method of this invention may be applied advantageously to bundles of continuous multifilaments of fiber-forming synthetic polymers other than those mentioned above.
• non-bulky multifilament yarns i.e., interlaced yarns
• a continuous multifilament bundle unnder tension to the action of a fluid such as a high speed air stream, e.g., jet stream, and interlacing randomly two or more of the filaments in the bundle without imparting any true twist to the yarn bundle
• a fluid such as a high speed air stream, e.g., jet stream
• the degree of coherency in the filaments of the resulting interlaced yarn is determined by the hook drop test. Also in this invention, the interlacing degree is determined by this test method.
• the interlacing degree is determined in the following manner:
• a sample of a synthetic continuous multifilament bundle is clamped in the vertical position under the tension provided by a weight in grams which is 0.20 times the yarn denier (but not greater than grams).
• a weighted hook having a total weight in grams numerically equal to the mean denier per filament of the bundle (but weighing not more than grams) is inserted through the bundle at an optional point and lowered at a rate of l-2 cur/sec. until the hook weight is supported by the bundle and the falling of the hook stops.
• the point where the falling of the hook stops is designated as stop point (P) (one interlacing).
• the above hook test is effected in a similar manner by lowering the hook from the point just below stop point (P).
• a bundle of synthetic continuous multifilaments spun from a spinneret such as described above is interlaced by an optional method, for instance, the method disclosed in the above British specification, to form a nonbulky gathered filament bundle having an interlacing degree of 0.1-2.0 per meter of the bundle, preferably 0.31.0 per meter of the bundle.
• the interlacing is conducted, instead of ordinary true twisting, for imparting gathering property or coherency to continuous multifilament yarns.
• the interlacing according to this invention is distinguished from such interlacing in the point that the interlacing degree is much lower than that attained in such conventional interlacing.
• Such interlacing procedure involving the false twisting effect may be conveniently accomplished by employing a fluid projecting apparatus capable of causing a swirling stream of fluid such as air to collide against the filament bundle to thereby exert the false twisting and interlacing actions to the filament bundle.
• a fluid projecting apparatus capable of causing a swirling stream of fluid such as air to collide against the filament bundle to thereby exert the false twisting and interlacing actions to the filament bundle.
• fluid projecting apparatus or fluid false twister are illustrated, for instance, in FIGS. 21 and 22 of the specification of -U.S. Pat. No. 3,009,309. I
• such apparatus is so designed that the sectional area of the yarn passage is 45-10 times the sectional area of the fluid projecting passage at the point where the yarn crosses the fluid stream from the projecting opening. It is also preferred to cause the fluid stream to strike against the multifilament bundle vertically in relation to the forwarding direction of the bundle or at an angle of an inclination of from to 30, preferably from --l5l5, from the direction vertical to the bundle forwarding direction.
• Such apparatus arrangement makes it possible to impart both the interlacking and false twisting effects to the multifilament bundle very efficiently.
• the temperature of fluid e.g., air
• the fluid may be room temperature, or the fluid may be heated to a suitable temperature. It is preferred to maintain the tension on the bundle passing through the yarn passage of the apparatus at about 0J1 to 0.4 g./d.
• the continuous multifilament bundle spun from the spinneret with an oiling agent prior to the above-mentioned interlacing treatment.
• an oiling agent prior to the above-mentioned interlacing treatment.
• This oiling treatment especially good results are obtained when the treatment is conducted so that the amount of water applied to the multifilament bundle will be not greater than 1.2% by weight (based on the weight of the filament bundle containing the equilibrium amount of water at 25 C. and a relative humidity of 65%).
• the smaller the amount of applied water the better results are obtainable, and it is most desired to conduct the oiling treatment under such conditions that the amount of applied water will be substantially zero.
• any of the so called spinning oils used for spun synthetic multifilaments after cooling and solidification there of may be used in this invention.
• oiling agents there may be exemplified non-ionic surfactants, and mixtures of non-ionic surfactants with neutral liquid oils such as mineral oils, animal oils, vegetable oils, higher fatty acid esters, polyglycol derivatives and silicone oils.
• nonionic surfactants in the state diluted with inert organic solvents such as trichloroethylene or with neutral liquid oils such as exemplified above.
• neutral liquid oils in the state diluted with, or emulsified in, such inert organic solvents.
• bundles of spun synthetic continuous multifilaments are interlaced so that the bundles will have an interlacing degree of 0.1-2.0, preferably 0.3-1.0, and thereafter, the so interlaced multifilament bundles are drawn at a prescribed stretch ratio, optionally after they have been preheated to suitable drawing temperatures.
• the coupled spinning-drawing process may be accomplished very smoothly.
• the above preheating treatment is not always necessary and it is sufiicient to conduct the drawing operation at suitable temperatures depending on the kind of synthetic multifilament to be drawn. In many cases, however, it is advantageous to carry out the preheating treatment, because it makes it possible to simplify the drawing apparatus and facilitates the drawing operation.
• Preferable preheating temperatures are within a range of from 80 to 110 C. in the case of polyester filaments, and in the case of polyamide filaments it is preferred to conduct the preheating at temperatures not higher than 80 C., especially temperatures ranging from 60 to 30 C. It is desired to perform the drawing operation at such temperatures.
• the oiling agent is uniformly distributed on each filament of the multifilament bundle, and the false twisting-interlacing operation gives a uniform gathering property or coherence to the entire bundle of multifilaments, synergistically with the oiling effect.
• a maximum stretch ratio can be increased and it is possible to conduct the drawing operation smoothly and stably, with the result that a high tenacity multifilament yarn of high quality and high orientation can be manufactured by the coupled spinning-drawing process.
• the drawing operation it is preferred to conduct the drawing operation at temperatures ranging from the second transition temperature of the multifilament to a temperature higher by less than 50 C., preferably by less than 30 C., than the second transition temperature of the multifilament.
• the drawing it is preferred to conduct the drawing at a stretch ratio exceeding 4.2.
• the drawing may be performed in one stage or in two or more stages.
• drawing pins any of the known drawing devices may be used in this invention.
• drawing pins plate heaters, heating rolls and the like may be used, but it is preferable to conduct the drawing by employing a roll system which may be heated or not.
• a heater it is desired to employ a heater of the non-contact type, for example, a slit heater.
• synthetic multifilament bundles can be drawn at such a high draw ratio and such a high drawing efficiency by the coupled spinning-drawing process, as by the conventional split process including an intermediate packing step.
• the method of this invention may be applied to the preparation of drawn multifilament yarns for clothing or industrial uses which consist of several to several thousand gathered monofilaments, and is especially suitable for preparing drawn synthetic continuous multifilament yarns having a total denier of from scores to several thousands and consisting of scores to several thousands of monofilaments.
• the method of this invention can be advantageously applied to the manufacture of multifilament yarns for interior decoration or for industrial uses, such as carpet yarns, cords for rubber reinforcement, ropes for fisheries, etc.
• the spinning oil a mixture composed of 70 parts by weight of trimethyl propane tridecanoate (higher fatty acid ester) and 30 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (nonionic surfactant) was used.
• This oiling agent was used as it was or after it had been dispersed into trichloroethylene or water, so as to vary the amount of applied water after the oiling treatment as indicated in Table 1.
• air fluid was caused to collide against the running multifilament yarnby employing a fluid false twister to impart an interlacing degree shown in Table 1 to the multifilament yarn. For comparison, an experiment where the multifilament yarn was not interlaced was conducted.
• the yarn passage had a diameter of 2.5 mm., and the sectional area of the yarn passage was 6 times the sectional area of the projected fluid passage at the point where the multifilament yarn crossed the fluid projected from the opening.
• the interlacing degree was varied as indicated in Table 1 by adjusting the pressure of the fluid projected to the yarn passage and the tension on the multifilament yarn passing through the device.
• the multifilament yarn was preheated to 50 C.
• the maximum stretch ratio used herein is a value determined in the following manner:
• the interlaced multifilament yarn is forwarded to the drawing device where the peripheral speed of feed rolls is maintained at 350 m./min.
• the peripheral speed of drawing rolls is increased at a rate of 10 m./sec, and the stretch ratio at which the multifilament yarn is completely broken by such gradual acceleration of the peripheral speed of drawing rolls is designated as the maximum stretch ratio.
• the multifilament yarn was drawn at a stretch ratio 0.9 times as high as the maximum stretch ratio. At this stretch ratio the drawing could be conducted very smoothly and stably. The tenacity and elongation of the so drawn multifilament yarn were measured.
• the stretch ratio 0.9 times as high as the maximum stretch ratio is an optimum stretch ratio for conducting the drawing industrially under stable conditions with minimum occurrence of yarn breakages.
• the interlaced multifilament yarn was drawn at a stretch ratio of 4.2 to evaluate the drawability of the yarn.
• Example 2 do 0.0 ca. 1. 5 0. 35 ca. 0. l 4. 77 0. 025 6. 99 30. 5
• Example 3 do 0.0 ca. 2.5 0. 35 ca. 0.3 4. 98 0.011 7.56 29. 2
• Example 4 do 0. 0 ca. 3. 5 0. 35 ca. 0.8 5. 14 0.003 7. 82 29. 5
• Example 5 do 0. 0 ea. 4. 5 0.35 ca. 1.0 7. 71 30. 6
• Example 6 do 0.0 ca. 5. 5 0. 35 ca. 1.5 6. 93 31. Comparative Example 3. do- 0. 0 ca. 5. 5 0. ca. 4. 0 5. 58 40. 3 Comparative Example 4. Water.. 0. 42 0 0. 35 0. 0 5. 55 40. 8
• Example 7 do 0. 42 ca. 3.5 0.35 ca. 0.8 7. 25 28.
• the oilying agent used was the same as the one used in Examples 1-9.
• the amount of water applied was varied as indicated in Table 2 by controlling the concentration of the oiling agent in the aqueous emulsion and the rotation rate of the oiling roll.
• the multfiilarnent yarn was preheated to C.
• the maximum stretch ratio was determined in the same manner as in Examples 1-9 except that the peripheral speed of feed rolls was changed to 400 m./min.
• the multifilament yarn was drawn at a stretch ratio 0.9 times as high as the maximum stretch ratio, and the tenacity and elongation of the drawn multifilament yarn were measured. At this stretch ratio the drawing was conducted smoothly and stably.
• the multifilament yarn was drawn at a stretch ratio of 3.95 to evaluate the drawability of the yarn.
• sulting multifilament yarn was treated with a spinning oil of an aqueous emulsion type and taken up by means of a godet roll.
• the take-up multifilament yarn (about 5040 denier/ 205 filaments) was directly forwarded to a drawing device comprising feed rolls and drawing rolls and As is seen from the results shown in Table 2, when the method of this invention is applied to multifilaments of poly(hcxamethylene adipamidc), the coupled spinningdrawing process can be accomplished as smoothly and addrawn by one stage drawing without being wound up vantageously as in the case of poly-e-caproamide multifilament yarns (Examples 1-9) and the maximum stretch ratio can be greatly increased.
• oiling agent a mixture composed of 85 parts by weight of a fatty acid ester of polypropylene glycol (polyglycol derivative) and parts by weight of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (nonionic surfactant) was used.
• the oiling agent was used as it was or after it had been dispersed in trichloroethylcne or water, so that the amount of applied water was varied as indicated in Table 3.
• air fluid was caused to collide against the running multifilament yarn so as to interlace the yarn at an interlacing degree indicated in Table 3.
• the interlacing degree was controlled by adjusting the pressure of air fluid projected to the yarn passage and the tension of the multifilament yarn passing through the yarn passage of the fluid false twister.
• the maximum stretch ratio of the multifilament yarn was determined in the same manner as in Examples 1-9, and the multifilament yarn was drawn at a stretch ratio 0.9 time as high as the maximum stretch ratio, and the tenacity and elongation of the drawn multifilament yarn were measured. At this stretch ratio the drawing could be conducted smoothly and stably.
• the multifilament yarn was drawn at a stretch ratio of 5.0 to evaluate the drawability of the multifilament yarn.
• a multifilament yarn having a higher tenacity can be obtained under stable drawing operation.
• the taken-up multifilament yarn (about 2750 denier/ filaments) was directly forwarded to a drawing device comprising feed rolls and drawing rolls without being wound up onto a spool or the like, and drawn by the one-stage drawing method.
• a drawing device comprising feed rolls and drawing rolls without being wound up onto a spool or the like, and drawn by the one-stage drawing method.
• an oriented polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate multifilament yarn was obtained.
• oiling agent a mixture composed of 70 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene stearate (higher fatty acid ester) and 30 parts by weight of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether (nonionic surfactant) 'was used.
• the amount of applied water was varied as indicated in Table 4 by adjusting the concentration of the oiling agent in the aqueous emulsion and the rotation rate of the oiling roll.
• the multifilament yarn was preheated at C.
• the multifilament yarn from the fluid false twister was drawn at a stretch ratio of 5.8 to evaluate the drawability.
• Experimental conditions and results are as the maximum stretch ratio is also higher, and therefore, 75 shown in Table 4.
• a method ofpreparing oriented synthetic continuous multifilament yarns by the coupled spinning-drawing process which comprises interlacing a bundle of as-spun synthetic continuous multifilaments so that an interlacing degree of 0.1-2.0 per meter of the bundle length is atrained, and subsequently drawing the interlaced bundle at a stretch ratio exceeding 4.2, but less than the maximum stretch ratio.
• interlacing is accomplished by subjecting the continuous multifilament bundle to the action of a swirling stream of fluid by employing a fluid false twister.
• the continuous multifilament is composed of poly-ethylene terephthalate or a copolyester in which at least mole percent of the recurring units are ethylene terephthalate units.
• the continuous multifilament is composed of poly-e-caproamide, polyhexamethylene adipamide or a copolyamide in which at least 80 mol percent of the recurring units are e-caproamide or hexamethylene adipamide units.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Chemical Treatment Of Fibers During Manufacturing Processes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=14585143

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (7)

Families Citing this family (1)

• 1970
  • 1970-12-17 JP JP45112377A patent/JPS4843564B1/ja active Pending
• 1971
  • 1971-12-14 US US00207973A patent/US3803282A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1971-12-16 CA CA130,336A patent/CA962418A/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-12-16 AU AU36976/71A patent/AU464056B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-12-17 GB GB5864671A patent/GB1352766A/en not_active Expired

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