US3802681A - Self-cooling lance for oxygen blowing - Google Patents

Self-cooling lance for oxygen blowing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3802681A
US3802681A US00241598A US24159872A US3802681A US 3802681 A US3802681 A US 3802681A US 00241598 A US00241598 A US 00241598A US 24159872 A US24159872 A US 24159872A US 3802681 A US3802681 A US 3802681A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lance
oxygen
ring
flow
set forth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00241598A
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English (en)
Inventor
F Pfeifer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Messer Griesheim GmbH
Original Assignee
Messer Griesheim GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19712117714 external-priority patent/DE2117714C3/de
Application filed by Messer Griesheim GmbH filed Critical Messer Griesheim GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3802681A publication Critical patent/US3802681A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors
    • C21C5/4613—Refractory coated lances; Immersion lances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors

Definitions

  • a ring-shaped or circular annular cross- [56] References cued section having a thickness of from about 3 to l0 mm UNITED STATES PATENTS and preferably from 4 to 7 mm is'particularly advanta- 481,088 8/1892 Chaney et ill 239/488 g
  • the cooling effect f the xygen in the annular 1,494,675 5/1924 Ehrhart 239/483 or ring-shaped channel is enhanced by installing a he- 3,076,607 2/1963 Cordier 239/488 heal COll 1n the annular channel. Th1s lncreases the 313131919 10/1965 calzfflarim 239/483 rate of flow and cooling effect of the oxygen and the spiral path of flow also provides cooling.
  • Consumable lances are immersed in the molten bath and advanced into it as the blowing proceeds until they are too short for usefuloperation. Their short lance life is tolerated in order to inject oxygen under the surface of the molten metal. Attempts have been made to lenghthen the service life of immersed lances by suitable selection of materials and protective coatings. Theextremely drastic thermal attack on the lance when it is immersed however prevents these measures from effectively lenghthening the life of such lances. This leaves remaining the cooling capacity of the oxygen blowing through the lance, which is not very successful in protecting it, and any other special cooling. methods are disregarded or avoided. i
  • Permanent oxygen blowing lances are used for refining molten steel by blowing oxygen into it.
  • the relatively lower heat conditions permits various measures taken to preserve and protect the lance to result in an appreciable increase in service life.
  • Permanent lances are also provided with cooling conduits including single or multiple cooling canals, special coolants and oxygen conduits. All of these protective steps, particularly water cooling, are very complicated and expensive. They require circulating systems, pumps and in some instances heat exchangers forthe coolant and the like.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a simple and economical method to prevent the rapid consumptionof oxygen blowing lances. Another object is to provide a self-cooling lance having a simple and economical structure.
  • oxygen is conducted through a channel havinga ring-shaped crosssection adjoining the outer surface of the lance.
  • This novel process and corresponding lance structure cools the lance enough to eliminate the need for any extraneous cooling; such as water cooling.
  • the channel is narrow enough to accelerate the speed of oxygen flow, for example, between 400 and 900 meters per second (at standard conditions of 760 mm Hg. and C). This unexpectedly limits the wall temperature of the lance at the nozzle outlet to about 500C. At this temperature neither spalling nor burning. off of the lance occurs. If oxygen were conducted at the afore' mentioned flow rate through a channel having a circular cross-section, its diameter would be so small that a lance of effective length, which must extend in most instances about 2 or 3 meters into the furnace, would not be strong enough to be structurally rigid.
  • the hollow or ring-shaped oxygen channel of this invention is however remarkably strong and rigid.
  • the ring-shaped channel may be elliptical, triangular or rectangular as well as circular.
  • a ring-shaped or circular annular cross-section having a width of from about 3 to mm and preferably from 4 to 7 mm is particularly advantageous.
  • the cooling effect of the oxygen in the annular or ring-shaped channel may be enhanced by installing a helical coil in the annular channel to divide it into a pair of parallel spiral or helically shaped conduits. This increases the rate of flow and cooling effect of the oxygen and the spiral path of flow also provides additional cooling.
  • the helical pitch of the coil may vary along the length of the lance to provide any desired control of speed of flow and resistance.
  • the cooling effect of the oxygen may be further improved by adding small quan tities of water into the oxygen stream.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in elevation, broken in length, of an oxygen blowing lance which is one embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph of various operating characteristics of the lance shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is shown a self-cooling oxygen blowing lance 10 including an elongated inner tube 1 within outer tube 2 which forms between them a narrow ringshaped annular slot 4 about 5 mm wide for conducting a flow of oxygen.
  • Helical coil 3 having an angular pitch of 25.4 is installed in slot 4.
  • Outer tube 2 is made of a heat resistant material, such as a refractoryor ceramic material or a specially heat-resistant steel, to protect it from penetration by the agitated molten metal.
  • the blowing oxygen is introduced into the lance through upper inlet connection 5 and about curved plug 12 at the top of inner tube 1 into annular slot 4 in the direction of the illustrated arrows.
  • Spiral or helical coil 3 further increases the speed of the flow of oxygen and channels it in a spiral path. This increase in speed and spiral flow provide cooling effects which limit the temperature of the lance to about 500C and therefore effectively protect it against burning, spalling and scaling.
  • the following computation illustrates the conditions obtained by a lance operated and made in accordance with this invention and it corresponds to the conditions shown on the graphic illustration provided in FIG. 2.
  • the slot width of the narrow annular slot is 5 mm with an outer tube 2 having an inside diameter of mm.
  • Annular slot measurements F V/C 1,000/3,600 515 0.54 l C is 0 speed 4.
  • a process for protecting a gaseous fluid blowing lance particularly a blowing lance for an industrial metal melting furnace characterized in that the gaseous blowingfluid is conducted through a ring-shaped zone in the lance contiguous with the outer surface of the lance, the zone being relatively thin on the order of from about 3 to mm., the distance across the ringshaped zone being substantially greater than the cross section of the zone, and the gaseous blowing fluid being provided to the zone under sufficient pressure to cause a flow of gaseous blowing fluid through the zone from about 400 to 900 meters per second at standard condidistance from the outer tube to provide a ring-shaped channel between them, an inlet connection on the lance, flow channeling means adjacent the inlet connection of the lance for conducting a flow of oxygen through the ring-shaped channel, the ring-shaped channel having a width of from about 3 to 10 mm whereby the flow'of oxygen is increased to a rate from about 400 to 900 meters. per second at standard conditions which is high enough to effectively cool the la

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
US00241598A 1971-04-10 1972-04-06 Self-cooling lance for oxygen blowing Expired - Lifetime US3802681A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712117714 DE2117714C3 (de) 1971-04-10 Verfahren zum Kühlen von Lanzen zum Einblasen von Sauerstoff in Industrieöfen Messer Griesheim GmbH, 6000 Frankfurt Elf: Pfeifer, Ferdinand, Dip}.-Ing., 4150Krefeld

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3802681A true US3802681A (en) 1974-04-09

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Family Applications (1)

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US00241598A Expired - Lifetime US3802681A (en) 1971-04-10 1972-04-06 Self-cooling lance for oxygen blowing

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3802681A (uk)
FR (1) FR2131674A5 (uk)
GB (1) GB1366824A (uk)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4218604A (en) * 1978-04-19 1980-08-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Method for welding of austenitic stainless steel piping
US4953789A (en) * 1986-05-22 1990-09-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Arrangement for the metered supply of a fuel, especially into the combustion space of an internal combustion engine
WO1991005214A1 (en) * 1989-09-29 1991-04-18 Ausmelt Pty. Ltd. Top submerged injection with a shrouded lance
WO1992018819A1 (en) * 1991-04-23 1992-10-29 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Lance for immersion in a pyrometallurgical bath and method involving the lance
US5308043A (en) * 1991-09-20 1994-05-03 Ausmelt Pty. Ltd. Top submergable lance
WO2013080110A1 (en) 2011-11-30 2013-06-06 Outotec Oyj Fluid cooled lances for top submerged injection
WO2014167532A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-10-16 Outotec Oyj Apparatus for temperature measurements of a molten bath in a top submerged injection lance installation
WO2015056143A1 (en) 2013-10-16 2015-04-23 Outotec (Finland) Oy Top submerged injection lance for enhanced submerged combustion
WO2015056142A1 (en) 2013-10-16 2015-04-23 Outotec (Finland) Oy Top submerged injection lance for enhanced heat transfer
US9528766B2 (en) 2011-06-30 2016-12-27 Outotec Oyj Top submerged injecting lances
US9771627B2 (en) 2011-09-02 2017-09-26 Outotec Oyj Lances for top submerged injection

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US481088A (en) * 1892-08-16 Hydrocarbon-burner
US1494675A (en) * 1921-06-16 1924-05-20 Elliott Co Spray nozzle
US3076607A (en) * 1960-12-02 1963-02-05 Inst Rech S De La Sederurgie F Hydrocarbon injector for blastfurnaces
US3213919A (en) * 1962-05-14 1965-10-26 Calzolari Roberto Nozzle apparatus for burning fuel
US3269829A (en) * 1963-09-24 1966-08-30 United States Steel Corp Method and apparatus for introducing steam and oxygen into a bath of molten steel
US3321139A (en) * 1963-11-25 1967-05-23 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Apparatus for treating molten metals
US3353808A (en) * 1965-02-23 1967-11-21 Louis E Norburn Refractory coated oxygen lance
US3397878A (en) * 1965-11-19 1968-08-20 Union Carbide Corp Under-bath tuyere
US3504856A (en) * 1969-05-15 1970-04-07 Louis Hinkeldey Jr Oxygen lance assembly
US3608880A (en) * 1969-01-28 1971-09-28 Wendel Sidelor And Compagnie D Blast feed device for a steel converter
US3645520A (en) * 1970-07-29 1972-02-29 Allegheny Ludlum Ind Inc Consumable lance
US3703279A (en) * 1969-08-15 1972-11-21 Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co Reactor
US3706549A (en) * 1968-02-24 1972-12-19 Maximilianshuette Eisenwerk Method for refining pig-iron into steel

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US481088A (en) * 1892-08-16 Hydrocarbon-burner
US1494675A (en) * 1921-06-16 1924-05-20 Elliott Co Spray nozzle
US3076607A (en) * 1960-12-02 1963-02-05 Inst Rech S De La Sederurgie F Hydrocarbon injector for blastfurnaces
US3213919A (en) * 1962-05-14 1965-10-26 Calzolari Roberto Nozzle apparatus for burning fuel
US3269829A (en) * 1963-09-24 1966-08-30 United States Steel Corp Method and apparatus for introducing steam and oxygen into a bath of molten steel
US3321139A (en) * 1963-11-25 1967-05-23 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Apparatus for treating molten metals
US3353808A (en) * 1965-02-23 1967-11-21 Louis E Norburn Refractory coated oxygen lance
US3397878A (en) * 1965-11-19 1968-08-20 Union Carbide Corp Under-bath tuyere
US3706549A (en) * 1968-02-24 1972-12-19 Maximilianshuette Eisenwerk Method for refining pig-iron into steel
US3608880A (en) * 1969-01-28 1971-09-28 Wendel Sidelor And Compagnie D Blast feed device for a steel converter
US3504856A (en) * 1969-05-15 1970-04-07 Louis Hinkeldey Jr Oxygen lance assembly
US3703279A (en) * 1969-08-15 1972-11-21 Joslyn Mfg & Supply Co Reactor
US3645520A (en) * 1970-07-29 1972-02-29 Allegheny Ludlum Ind Inc Consumable lance

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4218604A (en) * 1978-04-19 1980-08-19 Hitachi, Ltd. Method for welding of austenitic stainless steel piping
US4953789A (en) * 1986-05-22 1990-09-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Arrangement for the metered supply of a fuel, especially into the combustion space of an internal combustion engine
US5251879A (en) * 1989-09-29 1993-10-12 Floyd John M Top submerged injection with a shrouded lance
WO1991005214A1 (en) * 1989-09-29 1991-04-18 Ausmelt Pty. Ltd. Top submerged injection with a shrouded lance
US5505762A (en) * 1991-04-23 1996-04-09 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Lance for immersion in a pyrometallurgical bath and method involving the lance
WO1992018819A1 (en) * 1991-04-23 1992-10-29 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Lance for immersion in a pyrometallurgical bath and method involving the lance
US5308043A (en) * 1991-09-20 1994-05-03 Ausmelt Pty. Ltd. Top submergable lance
US9528766B2 (en) 2011-06-30 2016-12-27 Outotec Oyj Top submerged injecting lances
US9771627B2 (en) 2011-09-02 2017-09-26 Outotec Oyj Lances for top submerged injection
WO2013080110A1 (en) 2011-11-30 2013-06-06 Outotec Oyj Fluid cooled lances for top submerged injection
US9829250B2 (en) 2011-11-30 2017-11-28 Outotec Oyj Fluid cooled lances for top submerged injection
WO2014167532A1 (en) 2013-04-12 2014-10-16 Outotec Oyj Apparatus for temperature measurements of a molten bath in a top submerged injection lance installation
WO2015056143A1 (en) 2013-10-16 2015-04-23 Outotec (Finland) Oy Top submerged injection lance for enhanced submerged combustion
WO2015056142A1 (en) 2013-10-16 2015-04-23 Outotec (Finland) Oy Top submerged injection lance for enhanced heat transfer
US10077940B2 (en) 2013-10-16 2018-09-18 Outotec (Finland) Oy Top submerged injection lance for enhanced submerged combustion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2117714B2 (de) 1976-10-14
GB1366824A (en) 1974-09-11
FR2131674A5 (uk) 1972-11-10
DE2117714A1 (de) 1972-10-19

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