US3800751A - Cylinder liner with centering tabs defining coolant passages there-between - Google Patents

Cylinder liner with centering tabs defining coolant passages there-between Download PDF

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Publication number
US3800751A
US3800751A US00317521A US3800751DA US3800751A US 3800751 A US3800751 A US 3800751A US 00317521 A US00317521 A US 00317521A US 3800751D A US3800751D A US 3800751DA US 3800751 A US3800751 A US 3800751A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liner
block
coolant
flange
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00317521A
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English (en)
Inventor
S Glassey
A Hahn
D Shellenbaum
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Inc
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Tractor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Tractor Co filed Critical Caterpillar Tractor Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3800751A publication Critical patent/US3800751A/en
Assigned to CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE. reassignment CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/14—Cylinders with means for directing, guiding or distributing liquid stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/16—Cylinder liners of wet type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means
    • F02F1/10—Cylinders; Cylinder heads  having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/16—Cylinder liners of wet type
    • F02F1/166—Spacer decks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [52] s CL 123/4134 123/193 R 123/193 C, An internal combustion engine comprises a block hav- 123/193 CH, 92/17] ing a plurality of cylinder liners mounted therein.
  • In- 51 1111.01 F02f 1/10 tercomlecting Passages Continuously circulate 3 Field of Search 123/193 R 193 C, 193 CH, ant through the block and around each liner during 123/4134 4131, 4133, 4179, 92/171 engine operation.
  • Each liner has a plurality of circumferentially spaced tabs formed therearound to center 5 References Cited the liner in a cylinder bore and to define passages UNITED STATES PATENTS therebetween for communicating coolant to an upper,
  • a conventional internal combustion engine comprises interconnecting passages and chambers formed in its block and head for circulating a coolant therethrough and around its cylinder liners during engine operation.
  • Each cylinder liner comprises an upper, radial flange which isseated on the block and a lower, radial flange for'centering the liner in a cylinder bore.
  • the lower flange normally has a diameter which is slightly less than the bore diameter to define a radial clearance therebetween when the engine is cold to compensate for thermal expansion of the lower flange when the engine is warmed to its operating temperature.
  • the central portion of the liner, immediately below the lower flange, is circumvented by an annular chamber for circulating coolant around the liner to dissipate combustion heat.
  • the above-mentioned radial clearance permits coolant to seep into an annular space defined between the upper and lower flanges when the engine is cold. When the engine warms to its operating temperature, thermal expansion of the lower flange will close the radial clearance to trap coolant in the annular space.
  • the trapped coolant normally includes additives, such as antifreeze and rust inhibitors, which breakdown into chemical corrosive agents when they are overheated to temperatures approximating 250". Such agents tend to corrode the seating area for the upper flange on the block whereby the liner may move downwardly a few thousandths of an inch.
  • an annular metal-to-metal seal normally provided between an upper surface of the liner and an abutting lower surface of the cylinder head may separate to permit the ingress of hot combustion gases into the area of the head gasket to deteriorate same.
  • An object of this invention is to overcome the above, briefly described problems by providing a cylinder liner with a plurality of circumferentially spaced centering tabs therearound which define coolant passages therebetween when installed in a cylinder bore of an internal combustion engine.
  • the passages are strategically positioned in close proximity to an upper, radial flange formed on the liner to seat on the engine block to continuously cool same.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view of a cylinder liner and attendant structures, operatively assembled in an internal combustion engine
  • FIG. 2 is an elevational view of a top portion of the cylinder liner
  • FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view of the cylinder liner, taken in the direction of arrows III-III in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a cylinder liner of the present invention operatively assembled in a partially shown internal combustion engine 11.
  • the engine includes a block 12 having a-plurality of cylinder bores 13 (one shown) suitably formed therein.
  • the block has an annular shelf or baffle 12a formed thereon, in part defining the bore and annular coolant chambers 14 and 15 which circumvent a hereinafter described cylinder liner for cooling purposes.
  • the block further includes an upper mounting and sealing surface 16 which intersects radially disposed coolant passages 17 (one shown).
  • a head 18 includes a bottom deck 19 and walls 20 which define coolant chambers 21 therein (one shown).
  • the bottom deck defines a flat mounting and sealing surface 22 thereunder and has radially disposed passages 23 (one shown) formed therethrough in alignment with passages 17.
  • the head also supports a precombustion chamber 24, fuel injection equipment and intake and exhaust valves thereon (not shown).
  • a gasket 25, a spacer 2 6, and a head gasket 27 are sandwiched between mounting surfaces 16 and 22 to form a static seal therebetween.
  • the gaskets and spacer have coolant passages 28 formed therethrough in alignment with passages 17 and 23 to continuously communicate coolant from chamber 15 to chamber 21.
  • An annular opening 29, spaced radially outwardly from cylinder bore 13, is in part defined by gasket 25 and spacer 26 for purposes hereinafter explained.
  • Head gasket 27 has a circular opening 30 formed therethrough, having a diameter which is equal to or slightly less than the diameter of cylinder bore 13. The head gasket thus has. a portion formed thereon which overlies an exposed annular seating .area of surface 16 which defines the lower end of annular opening 29.
  • a cylindrical liner 31 is concentrically disposed in cylinder bore 13 and is supported on surface 16 of the engine block by a continuous upper, radial support flange 32. It should be noted that annular opening 29 provides for the thermal expansion of the flange when the engine warms to its operating temperature. Also, the annular portion of gasket 27 which overlies opening 29 extends radially inwardly to also overlie flange 32.
  • An upper annular surface 33 of the liner sealingly engages bottom surface 22 of the head to prevent the leakage of combustion gases thereby. Such gases are thus blocked from entering into the critical area whereat head gasket 26 sealingly engages an upper surface of flange 32.
  • a lower end 34 of the liner is concentrically supported and sealed within cylinder bore 13 by a plurality of elastomeric O-ring seals 35.
  • Liner 31 defines a cylindrical bore 36 having a piston 37 reciprocably mounted therein.
  • a wrist pin 38 pivotally connects the piston to a rod 39 which has its lower end suitably attached to the engine's crankshaft (not shown).
  • An annular venturi throat 40 is defined between the liner and shelf 12a to increase the velocity of coolant flow from chamber 14 to chamber 15.
  • a plurality of centering tabs or tab means 41 having an outside diameter slightly less than the inside diameter of bore 13 to allow for thermal expansion thereof are formed around a top portion of the liner (FIGS. 2 and 3) to concentrically locate the liner in bore 13.
  • the liner must be properly aligned with the appropriate crankshaft journal and must assume a proper attitude with respect to engine block 12 to assure proper reciprocation of piston 37 in bore 36.
  • the tabs are spaced axially downwardly from upper supporting flange 32 to define an annular groove 42 therebetween which facilitates the roll forming of a flange radius 43 on the liner to increase its structural integrity thereat.
  • Tabs 41 are circumferentially and equally spaced around the liner to define axially disposed coolant passage means 44 of approximately equal circumferential length therebetween.
  • coolant passage means 44 allow relatively unrestricted circulation of coolant therethrough and to annular groove 42 (FIG. 1).
  • Such circulation substantially cools a critical hot spot at the upper portion of the liner and also prevents the trapping of coolant thereat.
  • the non-trapping function thus prevents the coolant from breaking-down into corrosive agents which would tend to erode and eventually destroy the seating and sealing relationship required between flange 32 and surface 16 of the block. Accordingly, upper liner surface 33 is continuously maintained in sealing contact with surface 22 to prevent the seepage of hot combustion gases thereby to fully protect the head gasket against deterioration.
  • tabs 41 could be formed by being cast integrally on the periphery of the bore 13 with such tabs having an inside diameter slightly more than the outside diameter of the liner without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
  • tab means are formed on said liner and have outer diameters slightly less than an inside diameter of said bore to aid in centering and locating the upper portion of said liner in said bore.
  • one of said gaskets has an annular portion extending radially inwardly to overlie said upper flange.
  • a cylinder liner adapted for use in an internal combustion engine comprising a continuous annular radial flange formed adjacent to a top of said liner to extend radially outwardly therefrom and a plurality of tab means, spaced axially downwardly from said radial flange, formed on the outer periphery of said liner in circumferentially spaced relationship therearound to define coolant passage means therebetween for communicating coolant from said chamber means to said radial flange when said liner is installed in said engine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US00317521A 1972-12-22 1972-12-22 Cylinder liner with centering tabs defining coolant passages there-between Expired - Lifetime US3800751A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US31752172A 1972-12-22 1972-12-22

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Country Status (2)

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US (1) US3800751A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS592781B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3942807A (en) * 1972-09-29 1976-03-09 Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh Sealing arrangement
US4016850A (en) * 1974-02-22 1977-04-12 Brunswick Corporation Ported cylinder construction for a two-cycle engine
US4340018A (en) * 1979-12-26 1982-07-20 Outboard Marine Corporation Internal combustion engine having a wet-type cylinder liner and process for manufacturing same
US4445823A (en) * 1981-11-18 1984-05-01 Acorn Equipment Corp. Animal waste pumping system
US4524498A (en) * 1983-12-27 1985-06-25 Ford Motor Company Method and apparatus for modifying the combustion chamber of an engine to accept ceramic liners
EP0356227A3 (en) * 1988-08-23 1990-06-13 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cooling system for multi-cylinder engine
US5150668A (en) * 1992-02-20 1992-09-29 Caterpillar, Inc. Cylinder liner with coolant sleeve
US5453573A (en) * 1994-07-25 1995-09-26 Caterpillar Inc. Engine cooling system
US5549454A (en) * 1993-03-04 1996-08-27 Wabco Automotive U.K. Limited High speed vacuum pump with reduced exhaust noise
US5979374A (en) * 1998-06-12 1999-11-09 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Control cooled cylinder liner
US6145481A (en) * 1999-07-07 2000-11-14 Caterpillar Inc. Cooling ring for a cylinder liner in an internal combustion engine
US6367463B1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2002-04-09 Wartsila Nsd Oy Ab Advanced antipolishing ring arrangement
US20030221657A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-12-04 Ecologic Motor S.A. Internal combustion engine with a combustion chamber
RU2256812C1 (ru) * 2003-10-24 2005-07-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И.И. Ползунова (АлтГТУ) Блок цилиндров двигателя внутреннего сгорания с жидкостным охлаждением
US20060086327A1 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-04-27 General Electric Company Engine power assembly
US20060249116A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2006-11-09 Liebert Jeffrey W Cylinder sleeve support for an internal combustion engine
US20070215092A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2007-09-20 Liebert Jeffrey W Cylinder sleeve support for an internal combustion engine
US20110139113A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 Caterpillar Inc. Compound Sealing Mechanism, Cylinder Liner, And Engine Assembly Method
US20110186001A1 (en) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-04 Total Energy Renewable Power System (TERPS), LLC Modifying an Internal Combustion Engine for Radical Ignition Combustion
US20160177871A1 (en) * 2014-12-23 2016-06-23 Caterpillar Inc. Cylinder Liner for an Engine Block
WO2016159970A1 (en) * 2015-03-31 2016-10-06 Cummins Inc. Internal combustion engine cylinder liner flange with non-circular profile
CN110500195A (zh) * 2018-05-18 2019-11-26 卡特彼勒公司 具有直径可变式凸缘的气缸套
US10895218B2 (en) * 2019-02-01 2021-01-19 Caterpillar Inc. Liner for engine cylinder with lower liner support
WO2023278427A1 (en) * 2021-06-28 2023-01-05 UniGen Power Inc. Radial engine-generator with overhead camshaft

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1968449A (en) * 1931-11-26 1934-07-31 Sulzer Ag Cylinder liner for internal combustion engines
US2721542A (en) * 1953-02-19 1955-10-25 Richard H Sheppard Cylinder liners
US2951472A (en) * 1958-07-18 1960-09-06 Skubic Joe Internal combustion engine replaceable cylinder sleeve
US3363608A (en) * 1964-05-08 1968-01-16 Daimler Benz Ag Internal combustion engine
US3382858A (en) * 1964-11-17 1968-05-14 Semt Devices for mounting cylinders in reciprocating engines
US3396711A (en) * 1967-06-20 1968-08-13 Caterpillar Tractor Co Spacer deck for engine cylinder block
US3410256A (en) * 1965-01-12 1968-11-12 Daimler Benz Ag Internal combustion engine with liquid-cooled cylinder liners
US3653369A (en) * 1969-03-19 1972-04-04 Caterpillar Tractor Co Spacer deck for cylinder block

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1968449A (en) * 1931-11-26 1934-07-31 Sulzer Ag Cylinder liner for internal combustion engines
US2721542A (en) * 1953-02-19 1955-10-25 Richard H Sheppard Cylinder liners
US2951472A (en) * 1958-07-18 1960-09-06 Skubic Joe Internal combustion engine replaceable cylinder sleeve
US3363608A (en) * 1964-05-08 1968-01-16 Daimler Benz Ag Internal combustion engine
US3382858A (en) * 1964-11-17 1968-05-14 Semt Devices for mounting cylinders in reciprocating engines
US3410256A (en) * 1965-01-12 1968-11-12 Daimler Benz Ag Internal combustion engine with liquid-cooled cylinder liners
US3396711A (en) * 1967-06-20 1968-08-13 Caterpillar Tractor Co Spacer deck for engine cylinder block
US3653369A (en) * 1969-03-19 1972-04-04 Caterpillar Tractor Co Spacer deck for cylinder block

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3942807A (en) * 1972-09-29 1976-03-09 Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh Sealing arrangement
US4016850A (en) * 1974-02-22 1977-04-12 Brunswick Corporation Ported cylinder construction for a two-cycle engine
US4340018A (en) * 1979-12-26 1982-07-20 Outboard Marine Corporation Internal combustion engine having a wet-type cylinder liner and process for manufacturing same
US4445823A (en) * 1981-11-18 1984-05-01 Acorn Equipment Corp. Animal waste pumping system
US4524498A (en) * 1983-12-27 1985-06-25 Ford Motor Company Method and apparatus for modifying the combustion chamber of an engine to accept ceramic liners
EP0356227A3 (en) * 1988-08-23 1990-06-13 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cooling system for multi-cylinder engine
US5086733A (en) * 1988-08-23 1992-02-11 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cooling system for multi-cylinder engine
US5150668A (en) * 1992-02-20 1992-09-29 Caterpillar, Inc. Cylinder liner with coolant sleeve
US5549454A (en) * 1993-03-04 1996-08-27 Wabco Automotive U.K. Limited High speed vacuum pump with reduced exhaust noise
US5453573A (en) * 1994-07-25 1995-09-26 Caterpillar Inc. Engine cooling system
US5979374A (en) * 1998-06-12 1999-11-09 Cummins Engine Company, Inc. Control cooled cylinder liner
US6367463B1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2002-04-09 Wartsila Nsd Oy Ab Advanced antipolishing ring arrangement
US6145481A (en) * 1999-07-07 2000-11-14 Caterpillar Inc. Cooling ring for a cylinder liner in an internal combustion engine
US20030221657A1 (en) * 2002-04-26 2003-12-04 Ecologic Motor S.A. Internal combustion engine with a combustion chamber
US20070215092A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2007-09-20 Liebert Jeffrey W Cylinder sleeve support for an internal combustion engine
US7472673B2 (en) 2003-05-22 2009-01-06 Electromechanical Research Laboratories, Inc. Cylinder sleeve support for an internal combustion engine
US20060249116A1 (en) * 2003-05-22 2006-11-09 Liebert Jeffrey W Cylinder sleeve support for an internal combustion engine
US7255069B2 (en) * 2003-05-22 2007-08-14 Electromechanical Research Laboratories, Inc. Cylinder sleeve support for an internal combustion engine
RU2256812C1 (ru) * 2003-10-24 2005-07-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Алтайский государственный технический университет им. И.И. Ползунова (АлтГТУ) Блок цилиндров двигателя внутреннего сгорания с жидкостным охлаждением
US20060086327A1 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-04-27 General Electric Company Engine power assembly
US20110139113A1 (en) * 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 Caterpillar Inc. Compound Sealing Mechanism, Cylinder Liner, And Engine Assembly Method
US20110186001A1 (en) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-04 Total Energy Renewable Power System (TERPS), LLC Modifying an Internal Combustion Engine for Radical Ignition Combustion
US20160177871A1 (en) * 2014-12-23 2016-06-23 Caterpillar Inc. Cylinder Liner for an Engine Block
WO2016159970A1 (en) * 2015-03-31 2016-10-06 Cummins Inc. Internal combustion engine cylinder liner flange with non-circular profile
US10107228B2 (en) 2015-03-31 2018-10-23 Cummins Inc. Internal combustion engine cylinder liner flange with non-circular profile
CN110500195A (zh) * 2018-05-18 2019-11-26 卡特彼勒公司 具有直径可变式凸缘的气缸套
US10895218B2 (en) * 2019-02-01 2021-01-19 Caterpillar Inc. Liner for engine cylinder with lower liner support
WO2023278427A1 (en) * 2021-06-28 2023-01-05 UniGen Power Inc. Radial engine-generator with overhead camshaft
US11788437B2 (en) 2021-06-28 2023-10-17 UniGen Power Inc. Radial engine-generator with overhead camshaft

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4996142A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-11
JPS592781B2 (ja) 1984-01-20

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE.,ILLINOIS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905

Effective date: 19860515

Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., 100 N.E. ADAMS STREET, PEORIA, I

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905

Effective date: 19860515