US3800180A - Halogen incandescent lamp containing bromine and phosphorus - Google Patents

Halogen incandescent lamp containing bromine and phosphorus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3800180A
US3800180A US00353673A US35367373A US3800180A US 3800180 A US3800180 A US 3800180A US 00353673 A US00353673 A US 00353673A US 35367373 A US35367373 A US 35367373A US 3800180 A US3800180 A US 3800180A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
phosphorus
lamps
lamp
halogen incandescent
bromine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00353673A
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English (en)
Inventor
Fraeye D De
L Lens
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FRAEYE D DE
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FRAEYE D DE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FRAEYE D DE filed Critical FRAEYE D DE
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3800180A publication Critical patent/US3800180A/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/52—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01K1/54—Means for absorbing or absorbing gas, or for preventing or removing efflorescence, e.g. by gettering
    • H01K1/56—Means for absorbing or absorbing gas, or for preventing or removing efflorescence, e.g. by gettering characterised by the material of the getter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/50—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified pressure thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K3/00—Apparatus or processes adapted to the manufacture, installing, removal, or maintenance of incandescent lamps or parts thereof
    • H01K3/22—Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps

Definitions

  • Phosphorus in these lamps is said to perform a function which is comparable with that of hydrogen, namely it should prevent a direct reaction between the relatively cold parts of the tungsten filament body and bromine present in the lamp. Such an attack of these parts leads to a shorter lifetime of the lamp.
  • a halogen lamp is understood to mean a lamp which is proportioned in such a manner that during operation the wall of the envelope everywhere assumes a temperature at which tungsten halides formed in the lamp cannot condense.
  • the invention has for its object to completely obviate this risk in halogen incandescent lamps containing phosphorus and bromine.
  • the gas atmosphere in the lamp contains phosphorus tribromide or its dissociation products.
  • Lamps according to the invention may be obtained by introducing phosphorus tribromide in vapour form into the lamps. It has been found that in lamps having a lifetime of 1000 hours and more optimum results are generally obtained when the partial pressure of phosphorus tribromide upon filling in the lamp is between 2 and 6 Torr. Blackening quickly occurs at pressures of less than 2 Torr and the filament is attacked at pressures of more than 6 torr. Lamps according to the invention can reach lifetimes of more than 2000 hours.
  • the sole FIGURE diagrammatically shows an arrangement for filling a number of lamps 1 to 7 with a phosphorus tribromide-containing gas atmosphere.
  • the arrangement comprises a reservoir 8 which contains liquid phosphorus tribromide.
  • the reservoir 8 is present in a liquid bath 9 in which the reservoir 8 can be maintained at a constant temperature associated with the desired phosphorus tribromide vapour pressure.
  • the liquid bath may be filled, for example, with water.
  • the reservoir 8 is connected to the duct 11 by means of a tap 10.
  • the lamps l to 7 are connected to this duct 11 over the gas spaces 1A to 7A. Furthermore the duct 11 is connected via three taps l2, l3 and 14 to a vacuum pump, a reservoir having a rinsing gas and a reservoir having a rare gas and/or nitrogen (not shown). The entire arrangement shown may consist of glass.
  • the reservoir 8 is meanwhile brought to the temperature associated with the desired phosphorus tribromide vapour pressure. This temperature is 4C at 0.5 Torr, 9C at 1 Torr and 17C at 2 Torr.
  • the use of a higher pressure than approximately 2 Torr is not desirable because then there is the risk that PBr condenses in the lamps l-7, the gas spaces lA-7A or the duct 1 1.
  • tap 12 is closed and tap 10 is opened.
  • the gas spaces and the lamps tap 10 is closed and tap 14 is opened so that argon having the desired pressure, for example, 1 atmosphere is introduced into the lamps l-7.
  • Tap 14 is subsequently closed and the connection between the gas spaces lA-7A and duct 11 is sealed off and the lamps with the associated gas spaces are removed.
  • the lamps are then immersed in liquid nitrogen so that the mixture of gases present in the gas space and the lamp condenses in the lamp. Subsequently the connection between the lamp and the associated gas space is sealed off and the gas space is removed. In this manner a gas pressure of more than 1 atmosphere is obtained in the lamp, depending on the relative volume of the gas space.
  • the lamps may then be operated and phosphorus tribromide present in the lamp, possibly partly in a liquid form, immediately decomposes to phosphorus and bromine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US00353673A 1972-04-22 1973-04-23 Halogen incandescent lamp containing bromine and phosphorus Expired - Lifetime US3800180A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7205485A NL7205485A (forum.php) 1972-04-22 1972-04-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3800180A true US3800180A (en) 1974-03-26

Family

ID=19815900

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00353673A Expired - Lifetime US3800180A (en) 1972-04-22 1973-04-23 Halogen incandescent lamp containing bromine and phosphorus

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3800180A (forum.php)
JP (1) JPS4921985A (forum.php)
BE (1) BE798556A (forum.php)
CA (1) CA974567A (forum.php)
DE (1) DE2316554C3 (forum.php)
FR (1) FR2181905B1 (forum.php)
GB (1) GB1408469A (forum.php)
IT (1) IT983991B (forum.php)
NL (1) NL7205485A (forum.php)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5034656A (en) * 1989-09-26 1991-07-23 General Electric Company Tungsten halogen lamp including phosphorous and bromine
US6384530B1 (en) * 1988-11-22 2002-05-07 General Electric Company Fill for high temperature tungsten-halogen lamps

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2920222A (en) * 1957-08-13 1960-01-05 Duro Test Corp Electric lamp

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2920222A (en) * 1957-08-13 1960-01-05 Duro Test Corp Electric lamp

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6384530B1 (en) * 1988-11-22 2002-05-07 General Electric Company Fill for high temperature tungsten-halogen lamps
US5034656A (en) * 1989-09-26 1991-07-23 General Electric Company Tungsten halogen lamp including phosphorous and bromine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2316554B2 (de) 1977-10-27
JPS4921985A (forum.php) 1974-02-26
DE2316554A1 (de) 1973-11-08
FR2181905B1 (forum.php) 1976-09-10
BE798556A (fr) 1973-10-22
NL7205485A (forum.php) 1973-10-24
DE2316554C3 (de) 1978-06-22
CA974567A (en) 1975-09-16
FR2181905A1 (forum.php) 1973-12-07
GB1408469A (en) 1975-10-01
IT983991B (it) 1974-11-11

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