US3800103A - Polarity reversing switch - Google Patents

Polarity reversing switch Download PDF

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Publication number
US3800103A
US3800103A US00319155A US31915572A US3800103A US 3800103 A US3800103 A US 3800103A US 00319155 A US00319155 A US 00319155A US 31915572 A US31915572 A US 31915572A US 3800103 A US3800103 A US 3800103A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
polarity
contacts
reversing switch
plug
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00319155A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kern E Hardi
M Stager
R Neidecker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Staeubli Electrical Connectors AG
Original Assignee
Multi Contact AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Multi Contact AG filed Critical Multi Contact AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3800103A publication Critical patent/US3800103A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00—Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/54—Lever switches with blade-type contact co-operating with one or two spring-clip contacts, e.g. knife switch
    • H01H21/58—Change-over switches without stable intermediate position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H01H1/38—Plug-and-socket contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/502—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position the action of the contact pressure spring becoming active only after engagement of the contacts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a polarity-reversing switch of the type in which a pair of incoming conductors may be electrically connected to outgoing conductors interchangeably and selectively when polarity reversal is desired. More particularly, the invention relates to a polarity-reversal switch in which a positive contact and a negative contact may be individually connected in a reciprocal sense with a pair of outgoing conductors.
  • the principal object of the present invention is to provide an improved polarity-reversing switch for the purposes described which will avoid the disadvantages of the systems mentioned earlier.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a polarity-reversing switch having a high current-carrying capacity and high breakdown voltage, relatively light weight and small volume, and trouble-free operating characteristics.
  • a polarity-reversing switch which comprises a housing or support, a pair of contacts (first and second contacts) lying in a common plane and connected to respective electrical conductors, preferably the positive terminal and the negative terminal of a direct-current source, and third and fourth contacts connected to respective electric conductors (preferably the outgoing conductors to a load), these contacts lying in respective planes parallel to and flanking the common plane of the first and second conductors so that the third and fourth contacts lie on opposite sides of the first and second contacts.
  • respective electrically insulated bodies are interposed between the first and second contacts and the third and fourth contacts respectively while a pair of switch elements is associated respectively with the first and second contacts and shiftable perpendicularly to these planes for selective connection of the first and second contacts with the third and fourth contacts upon movement of the switch elements in opposite directions.
  • Means are provided for mechanically coupling the switch elements for reciprocal movement in mutually opposite directions, i.e., one switch element moves from the common plane of the first and second contacts toward the plane of the third and fourth contact while the other switch element moves in the opposite direction toward the other of these lastmentioned contacts.
  • the invention provides a polarityreversing switch in which the plus element (positive contact) and the minus element (negative contact) lie in a common plane, wherein one of the outgoing elements lies in a second plane parallel to the common plane and separated therefrom by a block of electrical insulation, and the other outgoing element or contact is disposed in another plane parallel to the common plane and spaced therefrom by another block of electrical insulation.
  • the two switch elements are coupled together but move oppositely and can be brought into a first position in which the plus element is connected to a first outgoing element and the minus element is connected to the second outgoing element, or into the alternate position in which the plus element is connected to the second outgoing element and the first outgoing element is connected with the minus element.
  • the plus, minus and outgoing elements are constituted as bus bars or current-carrying rails and special contact configurations are not required.
  • the unit can be relatively simple, can allow for replacement of the contact with ease and can be smaller than conventional polarity-reversing switches.
  • each of the switch elements is formed with a plug which is movable in openings or windows formed in the flat metallic elements or contacts.
  • the plus element or first contact may be formed with a window or opening receiving one switch element which the minus element contains or the second contact is provided with a window or opening receiving the other switch element, the two switch elements being movable in opposite directions but perpendicular to the planes of the contacts.
  • both of the outgoing elements are provided with windows or openings which are geometrically congruent to the window or opening of the first contact and are adapted to engaging the plug of the first switch element which has a cross section geometrically similar to that of the windows.
  • a second set of windows is formed in the third and fourth contacts (outgoing elements) in alignment to the opening or window of the second contact (minus element) and are congruent therewith, the second switch element having a plug which, in cross section, is geometrically similar to its windows.
  • the plug of the first element will contact the walls of the windows or openings of the first and third contacts while the plug of the second switch element contacts the walls of the windows of the second and fourth contacts.
  • the plug of the first switch element contacts the walls of the openings of the first and fourth contacts while the plug of the second switch element contacts the walls of the openings of the second and third contacts.
  • the surfaces of the plugs engageable with the walls of the contact Windows or openings are provided, in accordance with yet another feature of the invention, with contact lamellae twisted from a sheet-metal strip. It has been found to be advantageous to provide the surfaces of the plugs of the switch elements with dovetail recesses into which the contact strips can be inserted.
  • each plug can have any configuration as long as it conforms to the openings or windows mentioned earlier, a circular cross section has been found to be advantageous for convenience of manufacture and a polygonal configuration has been found to be desirable to obtain a maximum contact area.
  • a square cross section has been found to be most advantageous and it has also been found to be desirable to subdivide each plug along a diagonal thereof into a pair of relatively laterally removable sections.
  • each plug there may be provided a spreading device designed to urge the plug sections outwardly and into contact with the walls of the openings or windows in a direction transverse to the direct movement of the switch elements.
  • a spreading device designed to urge the plug sections outwardly and into contact with the walls of the openings or windows in a direction transverse to the direct movement of the switch elements.
  • each of the separable plug sections is provided internally with a recess receiving a respective ramp member which cooperates with a camming member of the spreading means.
  • the ramp member may be provided with a pair of spaced-apart recesses for receiving the camming member in opposite extreme positions of the switch elements, the camming member preferably being a cylindrical pin carried by a rod of the switch element movable with lost motion with respect to the plug.
  • a further recess between the first two recesses may be provided to accommodate the cylindrical pin if desired and ramps which are inclined at an acute angles to the axis of the rod may lead to the recesses.
  • the rod can continue to move and force the pin from its central recess into one of its end recesses in which the two plug sections are spread apart and held against the walls of the contact window with greater force.
  • the rod withdraws the pin from the end recess into the intermediate recess whereby the sections recede from the walls of the contact openings and the entire plug may move into the opposite extreme position whence the contact pressure is again increased in the manner described.
  • the switch elements can be operated by hand, by electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic means, it has been found to be advantageous to couple the switch elements together by a crank drive.
  • the length of each plug should be equal to the sum of the thickness d of the plus or minus elements (first or second contacts), the thickness d of each insulating body and the thickness d;, of the outgoing elements (third and fourth contacts).
  • the thickness d of each insulating body is greater than the thickness d, or the thickness d;;.
  • the recesses forming part of the spreading means mentioned above may be provided on pressure members received within the plug sections and it is also advantageous to form the camming pin between a pair of springs fixed between shoulders of the lost-motion rod.
  • the springs may be stacks of dished-disk springs or belleville washers.
  • the plug sections are urged, against the force of the spreading means, inwardly by springs at each axial end of each plug, the springs being preferably of the compression type and being set against a ring acting on one plug section and the other plug section directly.
  • the crank mechanism may be provided with a stop means and to this end a spring loaded stud or pin is provided for engagement in the recesses of the crank drive when the switch elements are in their extreme positions.
  • the spreading arrangement is not limited in its utility to the described reversing switchbut may be used wherever similar spreading action is required.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view, partly in elevation, illustrating a polarity-reversing switch according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section taken along the line II II of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line III III of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3a is a perspective detail view of a portion of a plug of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a detail view, in axial section, of the region A of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4 but showing the parts in another operating position.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a contact element according to a feature of this invention and representing an enlargement of the portion represented at B of FIG. 1.
  • the polarity-reversal switch illustrated in FIG. 1 serves to connect two incoming, positive or negative electrical conductors l, 2, with two outgoing electrical conductors 3, 4.
  • the switch comprises a plurality of contacts or elements 5, namely, a first contact or plus element 5a and electrically connected to the positive conductor 1 as represented by dot-dash lines la, a second contact or minus element 5b electrically connected to the negative conductor 2 as represented by dot-dash line 2a, and a pair of outgoing elements 50 and 5d (third and fourth contacts) respectively connected to the outgoing conductors 3 and 4 as represented by dotdash line 3a and 4a respectively which, as described above, are generally connected to a load such as a reversable electric motor.
  • the device also includes two switch elements 6 and 7 for the selective connection of the first contact 5a which with the third contact 50 or the fourth contact 5d and for the selective connection of the second contact 5b with the third contact 50 or the fourth contact 5d, in the inverse relationship to the connection made by the other switch element.
  • the switch elements 6 and 7 are coupled together by a coupling and actuating means generally represented at 8.
  • the plus element or first contact 5a and the minus element or section contact 51 are disposed one behind the other and in a common plane without necessarily being parallel to one another.
  • the third contact 50 which is separated from the contacts 5a and 5b by an insulating block 9.
  • the second outgoing element i.e., the fourth contact 5d.
  • Each of the contacts 5 is constituted as a flat rail (bus bar) which is provided (as shown in FIG. 2) with windows or openings 11 in which the plugs of the switch elements 6 and 7 are received.
  • the insulating bodies 9 and 10, separating the outgoing contacts from contacts 5a and 5b, likewise have registering windows.
  • the windows or openings 11 are geometrically similar to the cross-section of the switch elements 6 and 7, and in the embodiment illustrated the window and plug cross sections are square.
  • Each of the plugs is subdivided along diagonal in a pair of plug sections 6a and 6b or 7a, 7b, between which a spreading device 14 is provided.
  • the spreading devices 14 each include switch rod 15 carrying cylindrical pins 16 receiveable in recesses 41, 31, and 40 (FIG. 5) of pressure member 19 and 20 seated in recesses of the respective plug sections.
  • the windows are covered by abutment plates 21 and 22 through which the rods 15 pass freely, the abutments 21 and 22 forming stops for the plugs.
  • Each rod 15 is provided with a set back between a pair of shoulders 26 and 27 against which respective stacks of belleville washers 28 bear to center the cylindrical pin 16 which is shiftable on the rod 15 within the limits defined by these spring stacks.
  • the pressure bodies 19 and 20 have ramps 29 and 30 which include acute angles with the longitudinal axis of the rod 15.
  • a relatively deep recess 31, form-fitted to the surface of pin 16, is located centrally on each pressure member 19 and 20 while a pair of shallower recesses 40 and 41 are located toward each and thereof.
  • the plug again engages the abutment 22 and the plug sections are spread apart.
  • the actuating means 8 is shown to be a crank drive which may be shifted by hand by alever 42.
  • the switch rods 15 are connected by links to the crank shaft 45 at diametrically opposite location (FIG. 1).
  • detent pin 43 In the end positions of the crankshaft 45, detent pin 43 is biased by a spring 44 into a recess 46 or 47 machined in the crank shaft.
  • the effective length L of the plugs 6 and 7 is equal to the sum of the thicknesses of the individual contacts 5a and 5b (B a the individual thicknesses of the insulating bodies 9 and 10 (d and the thickness of the individual contacts 50 and 5d (d while the individual thicknesses of insulating blocks 9 and 10 are greater than those of the contacts.
  • a polarity-reversing switch comprising:
  • first and second contacts lying in a common plane and connected to respective electrical conductors
  • third and fourth contacts connected to respective electrical conductors and lying in respective planes parallel to and flanking said common plane on opposite sides of said first and second contacts;
  • each of said contacts is a flat bar and said electrically insulating bodies are blocks of insulating material having thicknesses equal to the spacing of said third contact from said first and second contacts and to the spacing of said fourth contact from said first and second contacts, respectively.
  • each of said plugs is formed along the surface with a conductive strip of twisted contact lamellae yieldably engagable with said walls.
  • each of said plugs has at least a pair of relatively laterally movable plug sections, each of said switch elements including spreading means within the respective plug for urging the respective plug sections apart and into tight-fitting engagement with said walls.
  • each of said plug elements is of polygonal cross section and is split along a diagonal thereof to form said sections.
  • each of said switch elements comprises a switch rod extending centrally through the respective plug and forming a lost motion coupling therewith, said spreading means including a camming member on each rod.
  • said spreading means each comprises ramp means cooperating with the respective camming member for spreading the respective elements is a part upon movement of the resprective plugs into end positions and enabling said sections of each plug to move toward one another prior to withdrawing said plugs from said end positions.
  • the polarity-reversing switch defined in claim 9 further comprising respective abutments formed on opposite sides of said third and fourth contacts and engageable by said plugs to stop the same in the respective end positions, said sections of said plugs each being provided with recesses adapted to receive said members upon displacement of said rods subsequent to engagement of said'plugs with said abutments.
  • each rod is a pin extending transversely to said rod, each rod being formed with a pair of axially spaced shoulders within each plug, said spreading means each comprising a pair of springs assigned to each rod and seated against the respective shoulders of each rod, the springs of each pair bearing axially upon a respective one. of said pins in opposite axial directions.
  • each of said springs is a stack of belleville washers.
  • each of said sections of each plug is formed with a further recess between the two first-mentioned recesses, said further recess being deeper than said first-mentioned recesses and enabling said sections to recede from said walls.
  • each of said spring means includes a respective spring for each of said plugs on opposite axial sides of the respective member.
  • each of said springs is a compression spring bearing directly on one of said sections of the respective plug, said plug is having rings engaging the other sections, and said springs being seated against said rings.

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  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Tumbler Switches (AREA)
US00319155A 1971-12-29 1972-12-27 Polarity reversing switch Expired - Lifetime US3800103A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2165389A DE2165389C3 (de) 1971-12-29 1971-12-29 Hochstrompolumschalter
DE2246136A DE2246136C2 (de) 1971-12-29 1972-09-20 "Hochstrompolumschalter"

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3800103A true US3800103A (en) 1974-03-26

Family

ID=25762248

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00319155A Expired - Lifetime US3800103A (en) 1971-12-29 1972-12-27 Polarity reversing switch

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3800103A (nl)
CA (1) CA973600A (nl)
DE (2) DE2165389C3 (nl)
FR (1) FR2166114B1 (nl)
GB (1) GB1365020A (nl)
IT (1) IT972988B (nl)
NL (1) NL163051C (nl)
SE (1) SE396843B (nl)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4074099A (en) * 1976-12-27 1978-02-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Coaxial, polarity-reversing switch
US4565906A (en) * 1985-01-30 1986-01-21 Clegg John E Reciprocating reverse-circuit switch
US4682046A (en) * 1986-08-01 1987-07-21 Applied Energy Systems, Inc. Positive or negative voltage power supply with slideable carrier switching mechanism
US4739442A (en) * 1986-12-18 1988-04-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp. High current mechanical connect/disconnect switch
US5185497A (en) * 1990-10-30 1993-02-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Single-pole gas-insulated line duct
FR2760125A1 (fr) * 1997-02-27 1998-08-28 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Commutateur pour sectionneur a cinq poles a usage inverseur de phases
US20080185270A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 Sebastien Arcand Reversing switch
CN106158503A (zh) * 2015-04-11 2016-11-23 国家电网公司 一种高压断路器
CN108110154A (zh) * 2018-01-12 2018-06-01 浙江动新能源动力科技股份有限公司 一种电池包

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60501033A (ja) * 1983-04-11 1985-07-04 レイケム・コーポレイション 負荷しゃ断スイッチ
DE9013163U1 (de) * 1990-09-17 1990-11-22 Ritter Starkstromtechnik GmbH & Co, 4716 Olfen Hochstromkontaktvorrichtung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1235515A (en) * 1915-08-04 1917-07-31 Herbert H Chrisman Combination-lock.
US3639704A (en) * 1970-05-26 1972-02-01 Clinton Supply Co Automatic current-reversing switch
US3703621A (en) * 1971-07-21 1972-11-21 Rapid Electric Co Inc Reciprocating frusto-conical plug switch contact and assembly

Family Cites Families (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE357263A (nl) * 1928-03-01
DE529673C (de) * 1928-08-28 1931-07-16 Joseph Hetterich Jr Gasdampfturbine mit umlaufender, in einer Dampfkammer angeordneter Brennkammer
US2154533A (en) * 1937-05-22 1939-04-18 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Circuit interrupter
FR1039952A (fr) * 1950-07-19 1953-10-12 Commutateur électrique
DE1141359B (de) * 1959-03-10 1962-12-20 Siemens Ag Mehrpoliger Schalter
GB945052A (en) * 1959-06-24 1963-12-18 Ass Elect Ind Improvements in and relating to switchgear
US3445609A (en) * 1965-10-11 1969-05-20 Alex F Cardenas Reversing switch assembly
US3370481A (en) * 1965-12-17 1968-02-27 Square D Co Interlock dual operator assembly
FR1483850A (fr) * 1966-04-08 1967-06-09 Contacteur-inverseur électrique notamment pour chariot de manutention
CH444261A (de) * 1966-05-23 1967-09-30 Oberflaechen Technik Ag F Hochstrom-Umpolschalter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1235515A (en) * 1915-08-04 1917-07-31 Herbert H Chrisman Combination-lock.
US3639704A (en) * 1970-05-26 1972-02-01 Clinton Supply Co Automatic current-reversing switch
US3703621A (en) * 1971-07-21 1972-11-21 Rapid Electric Co Inc Reciprocating frusto-conical plug switch contact and assembly

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4074099A (en) * 1976-12-27 1978-02-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Coaxial, polarity-reversing switch
US4565906A (en) * 1985-01-30 1986-01-21 Clegg John E Reciprocating reverse-circuit switch
US4682046A (en) * 1986-08-01 1987-07-21 Applied Energy Systems, Inc. Positive or negative voltage power supply with slideable carrier switching mechanism
US4739442A (en) * 1986-12-18 1988-04-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp. High current mechanical connect/disconnect switch
US5185497A (en) * 1990-10-30 1993-02-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Single-pole gas-insulated line duct
FR2760125A1 (fr) * 1997-02-27 1998-08-28 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Commutateur pour sectionneur a cinq poles a usage inverseur de phases
EP0863524A1 (fr) * 1997-02-27 1998-09-09 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Commutateur pour sectionneur à cinq poles à usage d'inverseur de phases
US5936213A (en) * 1997-02-27 1999-08-10 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Operating mechanism for a five-pole phase inverter isolating switch
US20080185270A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 Sebastien Arcand Reversing switch
US7855344B2 (en) * 2007-02-02 2010-12-21 Andritz Technology And Asset Management Gmbh Reversing switch
CN106158503A (zh) * 2015-04-11 2016-11-23 国家电网公司 一种高压断路器
CN106158503B (zh) * 2015-04-11 2017-11-14 国家电网公司 一种高压断路器
CN108110154A (zh) * 2018-01-12 2018-06-01 浙江动新能源动力科技股份有限公司 一种电池包

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE396843B (sv) 1977-10-03
DE2246136C2 (de) 1982-08-12
NL163051C (nl) 1980-07-15
NL7217861A (nl) 1973-07-03
DE2165389B2 (de) 1980-08-14
DE2246136A1 (de) 1974-04-04
DE2165389A1 (de) 1973-07-05
FR2166114B1 (nl) 1978-03-03
IT972988B (it) 1974-05-31
CA973600A (en) 1975-08-26
DE2165389C3 (de) 1981-03-26
FR2166114A1 (nl) 1973-08-10
GB1365020A (en) 1974-08-29

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