US3794865A - Device for producing a rotating movement by means of at least one pulsating driving force - Google Patents

Device for producing a rotating movement by means of at least one pulsating driving force Download PDF

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Publication number
US3794865A
US3794865A US00270169A US3794865DA US3794865A US 3794865 A US3794865 A US 3794865A US 00270169 A US00270169 A US 00270169A US 3794865D A US3794865D A US 3794865DA US 3794865 A US3794865 A US 3794865A
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Prior art keywords
driving force
track
tracks
disc
parts
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00270169A
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English (en)
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K Guttinger
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Johnson Electric Switzerland AG
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Johnson Electric Switzerland AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/06—Rolling motors, i.e. motors having the rotor axis parallel to the stator axis and following a circular path as the rotor rolls around the inside or outside of the stator ; Nutating motors, i.e. having the rotor axis parallel to the stator axis inclined with respect to the stator axis and performing a nutational movement as the rotor rolls on the stator
    • H02K41/065—Nutating motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H23/00—Wobble-plate gearings; Oblique-crank gearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H23/00—Wobble-plate gearings; Oblique-crank gearings
    • F16H23/10—Wobble-plate gearings; Oblique-crank gearings with rotary wobble-plates with plane surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H31/00—Other gearings with freewheeling members or other intermittently driving members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H35/00—Gearings or mechanisms with other special functional features
    • F16H35/18—Turning devices for rotatable members, e.g. shafts

Definitions

  • the tracks may be toothed rims meshing with each other.
  • the device is particularly useful] in synchronous motors, wherein the pulsating driving force is produced by means of an exciting coil connected to an alternating current source.
  • the motion-transducing device comprises parts adapted to roll off upon each other along rolling tracks of different length, the one of said parts being applicable with its track against the track of the other part by said driving force, means for producing an auxiliary force of which the line of application does not coincide with the line of application of said driving force such that said one part is applied with its track against the track of the other part outside the line of application of said driving force under the combined action of said driving force and auxiliary force, the driving force and the reaction upon application of said tracks against each other initiating a rolling motion of said parts upon each other along said tracks, this rolling motion causing relative rotation between said parts due to the difference in length of said tracks.
  • An auxiliary force produced by inertia of masses suitably distributed on the driven part of the device of an elastic force may preferably be used. It may thus be possible to use an extremely simple tumbler disc or wobbling disc having an asymmetrical mass distribution relatively to the points of application of the driving force or forces in order to obtain self starting of the rotating movement in the desired direction.
  • the point of application of the force acting onto the tumbler disc rotates round the a disc. It is another object of this invention to substantially simplify the device in that the driving force may always be applied in the same place of the driven part. Therefore, the force may be applied by simply mounting permanent magnets on the driven part and to produce an alternating magnetic field within reach of such magnets.
  • FIGS. 1 3 are schematic illustrations of the basic operation of the invention.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 schematically show a synchronous motor making use of the invention
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view of another embodiment of a synchronous motor according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 9 schematically show further embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 and 11 show a practical embodiment of the device of FIG. 8,
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a modified form of the disc of FIG. 5 and FIGS. 13 and 14 show another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 3 serving for explanation of the basic idea and operation of the invention illustrate a lower stationary disc 1 and an upper disc 2 suspended by means of a ball joint preferably an elastical joint, in its center M.
  • the upper disc 2 has twomasses 3 located in symmetrically opposite positions relatively to the center M so that disc 2 is in an equilibrium position parallel to disc 1 as shown in FIG. 1 when no further forces act onto it.
  • this equilibrium position or restposition may be determined by a suitable restoring force, for instance by'means of a spring roundits ball joint at M.
  • FIG. 3 shows that somewhat later the point of contact B has been displaced near the axis 4, but that forces P and P still produce a tilting moment K further assisting the rolling motion of disc 2 on disc I in anticlockwise direction.
  • the rolling motion continues due to the inertia of disc 2.
  • the device not only operates as a motion tranducer for producing a rotating movement from a pulsating force or movement, but also as a frequency transducer because the rotating speed is much slower than the driving frequency.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 shematically show a possible embodiment of a synchronous motor according to this invention.
  • the shaft 5 of the motor which is rotatably mounted in bearings not shown in the drawing, carries two discs 8 by means of hubs 6 and spring discs 7 mounted between hubs 6 and discs 8.
  • Permanent magnets 9 and additional masses 10 are mounted on discs 8 whereby pairs of magnets mounted on the same disc are of opposite polarity, so that pairs of opposite forces as shown in FIG. 1- 3 are produced.
  • Magnets 9 are located in the field of an exciting coil 11.
  • the discs 8 have toothed rims 12 adapted to mesh with slightly conical toothed rims 13 formed on the annular stator accomodated between discs 8.
  • the toothed rims 12 have a number of teeth differing as little as possible from the number of teeth of toothed rims 13.
  • alternating forces act onto magnets 9 and pairs of alternating but opposite forces as shown in FIGS. 1 3 act on each disc 8.
  • the additional masses l0 and their intertia respectively cooperate with the driving forces of magnets 9 to initiate a rolling motion and in the end a tumbling or wobbling motion of discs 8 with the toothed rims l2 and 13 continuously meshing with each other.
  • the discs are synchronized with the alternating forces after a short starting phase. Since the numbers of teeth of toothings l2 and 13 slightly differ from each other, the discs 8 slowly rotate in the same direction.
  • spring discs 7 are so designed that they maintain discs 8 in the rest position as shown in FIG. 4 with toothings l2 and 13 disengaged as long as coil 4 is not excited, but spring discs 7 allow the wobbling motion of discs 8 when coil 11 isexcited.
  • FIG. 6 shows an axial section of another embodiment of a synchronous motor.
  • the exciting coil 14 of this motor is surrounded by a stator of soft iron forming an air gap 15 at one side of coil 14.
  • the stator has a tube 1.6 and two portions 17 and 18 made of sheet-iron riveted thereto.
  • This invention is not limited to theuse of tumbling or wobbling discs or to the application of forces as explained above.
  • use of the inventive principle mayadvantageously be made in small synchronous motors, other embodiments are feasible, for instance'in electronic watches synchronous clocks or the like.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows another embodiment wherein a disc 26 on which the mass distribution is irregular and having two magnet poles N and S is ac comodated with suitable clearance in a ring 27. If radial forces act on poles N and S the disc 26 is applied towards the ring 27 at the side of the lines of application of the radially directed magnetic forces and a rolling motion along the inner side of ring 27 is initiated as explained with reference to FIGS. 1 3.
  • Disc 28' is subdivided by slits 32 into segments 33 elastically coupled with each other by the yokes left in the center of disc 28 between segments 33, but such segments are substantially free for individual axial vibration due to weakened portions 33' at their inner ends.
  • Disc 28' is fixed on the motor shaft 34. by means of a hub 35.
  • Each segment 33 has a permanent magnet 36 at its inner side facing the exciting coil 37 of the motor, and every second segment 33 has a weight 46.
  • the magnets 36 of each pair of adjacent segments 33 are of thesame polarity such that the forces excerted onto pairs of segments are alternatively directed outwardly and inwardly according to the polarity of the magnets when coil 37 is excited with alternating current.
  • Coil 37 is enclosed in a pot formed of soft iron sheets 38 and 39, bearings 40 for the motor shaft
  • Each segment 33 of disc 28' has a web 41 connected to an elastic ring 42 made for instance of plastic material and having a toothing 43.
  • a ring 44 mounted on sheet portion 38 has a similar toothing 45, the number of teeth of toothings 43 and 45 differing as little as possible from each other. However, since two portions of the tooting 43 will always engage simultaneously the toothing 45, it is necessary that the numbers of teeth differ from each other by an even number, that is by at least 2.
  • FIG. 9 shematically shows another embodiment similar in its basic conception to the embodiment explained above with reference to FIGS. 8 and 10.
  • an elastically deformable inner ring 30 is accomodated within an outerrigid ring 31.
  • Poles N and S on ring 30 designate the points of application of ra dial forces by which diametrially opposite places of the ring 30 are alternatively applied against the outer ring 31 when an alternating magnetic field is acting on poles N and S.
  • auxiliary forces for instance inertia forces as explained above, rolling off of the inner ring on the outer ring in a predetermined direction may be obtained.
  • the driving forces and auxiliary forces may be produced by means differing from those explained above. Instead of adding auxiliary masses or weights for obtaining the desired dynamic asymmetriy of the tumbler disc, parts of the disc may be made lighter by cutting out portions of the disc. The auxiliary forces may also be produced in another way, the only condition being that the displacement of the disc is impeded or assisted.
  • the Caradan joint illustrated in FIG. 6 may so be designed that tilting of the disc round the one shaft of the joint is opposed by increasing friction between the one shaft and its bearing.
  • the auxiliary forces may also be produced by means of an eddy current brake, by means of suitable auxiliary magnets or by means of a restoring spring offering different resistance to tilting of the tumbler disc in one direction than in the other.
  • FIG. '12 illustrates a modified embodiment of disc 8 of the motor shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 wherein the circular spring 7 is replaced by springs 7' disposed at an angle to the common symmetry axis of magnets 9. Masses or weights as shown in FIG. 5 are omitted and replaced by the unhomogeneous restoring force of springs 7
  • the tilting movement of disc 8 round an axis parallel to the common symmetry axis of 6 springs 7' produces only a slight torsion of springs 7' while tilting of disc 8 round an axis perpendicular to the common svmmetri axis of s rin s 7 roduces bendin y P g of springs 7. If the bending resistance of springs 7' is much higher than their torsion resistance, the desired dynamic asymmetry relatively to the driving forces produced by magnets 9 is obtained and the motor will start in a predetermined direction.
  • Driving forces other than magnetic forces for instance pneumatic or hydraulic forces, may be applied.
  • oscillating forces pulsating forces may be used, that is, in the embodiments explained above the permanent magnets may be replaced by soft ironparts so that pulling forces only act onto the discs. of course one soft iron part instead of two magnets should be provided in order to avoid compensation of the pulling forces of two diametrally opposite parts.
  • the invention may be used whereever oscillating or pulsating driving forces are available and where such forces should be transformed into a rotating movement.
  • the oscillation of a tuning fork or of a vibrating electrodynamic motor in an electronic watch is usually transformed into a rotating motion by means of a pawl acting onto a ratchet wheel.
  • a strictly synchronous transmission is also required in this type of time measurement and at the same time a slow rotation should be produced with a relatively high frequency of the driving force.
  • a non-rotatable tumber disc or wobble disc executing only a wobbling movement but not a rotating motion as explained in the above embodiments, and wherein the other toothing meshing with the toothing of the tumbler disc or wobble disc is provided on a rotating part.
  • this rotating part will turn at a speed determined by the ratio of the lengths of the tracks rolling off upon each other or by the ratio of numbers of teeth of such tracks.
  • a mechanical coupling member may be disposed between an oscillating part, for instance a tuning fork, and the tumbling member, the wobbling motion of the tumbling member being continuously sustained by the pulsating or oscillating driving force.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 This embodiment is similar to the one shown in FIG. 4 and 5 and corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numbers.
  • the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14 differs from the one shown in FIG. 4 and 5 in that one disc 8 only is provided.
  • This disc is elastically but non rotatably mounted on a bearing portion 60 by means of a spring 7 of which the flexibility is increased by subdividing it into individual arms.
  • Bearing portion 60 is mounted in a flange or bracket 61 by means of which the motor may be fixed on a support.
  • the efficiency of the exciting coil 11 is improved by means of a pot made of soft iron sheet portions 62 and 63.
  • Ring 64 with toothing 13 is now mounted on a rotor 65 made of sheet metal and mounted on motor shaft 5 by means of a hub 66.
  • the wobbling disc 8 carries two auxiliary magnets 67, the fields of such magnets intersecting the rim of rotor 65.
  • any type of driving force acting always in the same place may be used.
  • the toothings of the device should be maintained in a disengaged rest position when no driving forces are applied.
  • the rotor is thus free to rotate, and this may be desirable in many instances, for instance where the motor has to drive a mechanism in one direction and where this mechanism should return into its initial position for instance by gravity or spring force when the motor is deenergized.
  • a device for producing a rotating movement by means of at least one externally applied pulsating driving force comprising parts adapted to roll off upon each other along rolling tracks of different length, one
  • a device wherein said one part. is symmetrically formed and means are provided for applying driving forces in symmetrically located places of the part.
  • said one part driven by said driving force is a tumbler member loosely suspended at a point of suspension, said driving force acting onto said tumbler member at a point of application, and said line of force being defined by said point of suspension and said driving force.
  • a synchronous motor according to claim 7, comprising two magnets disposed with opposite polarity on a tumbler disc or wobble disc in diametrally opposite position in order to produce a pair of opposite alternat-' ing driving forces.
  • a synchronous motor according to claim 9 comprising two parts disposed symmetrically relatively'to an exciting coil, each of said parts carrying permanent magnets.
  • said impeding means comprises means coupling said one part to a shaft.
  • a device accordingto claim 1, wherein said one part exposed to the driving force is an elastically deformable body adapted to roll off with its rolling track along the track of said other part due to periodical elastic deformation. 7 V
  • a device wherein the reso nance frequency of said elastically deformable part is tuned to the frequency of the pulsating driving force.
  • a device comprising means for producing said auxiliary forces by means of an eddy-current brake.
  • a device wherein said one part is non-rotatably mounted while said other part is rotatably mounted.
  • a device for producing a rotating movement by means of at least one pulsating driving force comprising parts adapted toroll off upon each other along rolling tracks of different length, the one of said parts being applicable with its track against the track of the other part by said driving force, a mass distribution on said one part for producing an auxiliary force due to inertia of which the line of application does not coincide with the line of application of said driving force such that said one part is applied with its track against the point of application of the gap upon rotation of said track of the other part outside the line of application of said driving force under the combined action of said driving force and auxiliary force, the driving force and the reaction upon application of said tracks against each other initiating a rolling motion of said parts upon each other along said tracks, this rolling motion causing relative rotation between said parts due to the difference in length of said tracks.
  • a device for producing a rotating movement by means of at least one external pulsating driving force comprising parts adapted to roll off upon each other along rolling tracks of different length, one of said parts being a tumbler disc adapted to execute a tumbling motion round a suspension point with its track against the track of the other part, means applying said driving force to said disc only along a single axis passing through said suspension point, eddy-current brake means for producing an auxiliary force of which the line of application does not coincide with said axis, said brake means including at least one permanent magnet cooperating with said disc and reacting to movement of same to produce said auxiliary force, said one part being moved with its track against the track of the other part outside said axis and the line of application of said driving force under the initial combined action of said driving force and auxiliary force, the driving force and the reaction upon application of said tracks against each other initiating a rolling motion of said parts upon each other along said tracks, this rolling motion causing relative rotation between said parts due to the difference in length of said tracks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
US00270169A 1971-07-17 1972-07-10 Device for producing a rotating movement by means of at least one pulsating driving force Expired - Lifetime US3794865A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712135929 DE2135929B1 (de) 1971-07-17 1971-07-17 Vorrichtung zur erzeugung einer drehbewegung mittels mindestens einer pulsierenden antriebskraft

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JP (1) JPS4828903A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH560338A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2135929B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4837470A (en) * 1986-11-19 1989-06-06 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Magnetically driven nutating motor
US5148068A (en) * 1990-10-09 1992-09-15 Zexel Corporation Electromagnetic actuator for moving an object
US5508572A (en) * 1991-03-01 1996-04-16 Sarcos, Inc. Magnetic eccentric motion motor
US5512871A (en) * 1990-12-17 1996-04-30 Moving Magnet Technologies S.A. Rotatable single-phase electromagnetic actuator
US6405599B1 (en) * 2000-01-13 2002-06-18 Bose Corporation Frictionless motor material testing
US6744904B2 (en) * 2000-09-12 2004-06-01 Citizen Electronics Co., Ltd. Multifunction acoustic device
US6919655B1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-07-19 Forcecon Technology Co., Ltd. Induction-type gyrator capable of reciprocating and vibrating motions
US20150180310A1 (en) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 Ricardo Gabriel Vanella Electric energy generator device and operating method
WO2014096227A3 (de) * 2012-12-21 2015-08-06 Johnson Controls Gmbh Motoranordnung
EP2782230A3 (en) * 2013-03-23 2016-10-05 The Boeing Company Virtual ellipse motor
US9496778B2 (en) 2012-08-22 2016-11-15 Ta Instruments-Waters L.L.C. Electromagnetic motor
US11451124B2 (en) 2018-05-23 2022-09-20 Tau Motors, Inc. Electric motor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3053852B1 (fr) * 2016-07-05 2018-07-27 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Moteur electrique d'un vehicule, notamment automobile
EP3834703A1 (en) 2017-07-18 2021-06-16 FUJIFILM Corporation Endoscope
EP3656278B1 (en) 2017-07-18 2021-07-21 FUJIFILM Corporation Endoscope
JP6767585B2 (ja) 2017-07-18 2020-10-14 富士フイルム株式会社 内視鏡
WO2019017112A1 (ja) 2017-07-18 2019-01-24 富士フイルム株式会社 内視鏡

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US22549A (en) * 1859-01-11 Soda-water apparatus
US2509391A (en) * 1948-07-03 1950-05-30 Hansen Mfg Co Nutation type motor
US3463953A (en) * 1967-03-20 1969-08-26 Gilbert A Maxwell Resonant motor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US22549A (en) * 1859-01-11 Soda-water apparatus
US2509391A (en) * 1948-07-03 1950-05-30 Hansen Mfg Co Nutation type motor
US3463953A (en) * 1967-03-20 1969-08-26 Gilbert A Maxwell Resonant motor

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4837470A (en) * 1986-11-19 1989-06-06 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Magnetically driven nutating motor
US5148068A (en) * 1990-10-09 1992-09-15 Zexel Corporation Electromagnetic actuator for moving an object
US5512871A (en) * 1990-12-17 1996-04-30 Moving Magnet Technologies S.A. Rotatable single-phase electromagnetic actuator
US5508572A (en) * 1991-03-01 1996-04-16 Sarcos, Inc. Magnetic eccentric motion motor
US6405599B1 (en) * 2000-01-13 2002-06-18 Bose Corporation Frictionless motor material testing
US6744904B2 (en) * 2000-09-12 2004-06-01 Citizen Electronics Co., Ltd. Multifunction acoustic device
US6919655B1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-07-19 Forcecon Technology Co., Ltd. Induction-type gyrator capable of reciprocating and vibrating motions
US9496778B2 (en) 2012-08-22 2016-11-15 Ta Instruments-Waters L.L.C. Electromagnetic motor
US9768675B2 (en) 2012-08-22 2017-09-19 Ta Instruments-Waters L.L.C. Electromagnetic motor
WO2014096227A3 (de) * 2012-12-21 2015-08-06 Johnson Controls Gmbh Motoranordnung
EP2782230A3 (en) * 2013-03-23 2016-10-05 The Boeing Company Virtual ellipse motor
US20150180310A1 (en) * 2013-12-19 2015-06-25 Ricardo Gabriel Vanella Electric energy generator device and operating method
US11451124B2 (en) 2018-05-23 2022-09-20 Tau Motors, Inc. Electric motor
US20220376597A1 (en) * 2018-05-23 2022-11-24 Tau Motors, Inc. Electric motor
US11870319B2 (en) * 2018-05-23 2024-01-09 Tau Motors, Inc. Electric motor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4828903A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-04-17
CH560338A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-03-27
DE2135929B1 (de) 1972-12-21

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