US3794485A - Color diffusion transfer film with incorporated dye and desensitizing agent precursor - Google Patents

Color diffusion transfer film with incorporated dye and desensitizing agent precursor Download PDF

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US3794485A
US3794485A US00261270A US3794485DA US3794485A US 3794485 A US3794485 A US 3794485A US 00261270 A US00261270 A US 00261270A US 3794485D A US3794485D A US 3794485DA US 3794485 A US3794485 A US 3794485A
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layer
dye
image
silver halide
film unit
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S Bloom
A Borror
R Greenwald
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Polaroid Corp
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Polaroid Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
    • G03C8/42—Structural details
    • G03C8/44—Integral units, i.e. the image-forming section not being separated from the image-receiving section
    • G03C8/48—Integral units, i.e. the image-forming section not being separated from the image-receiving section characterised by substances used for masking the image-forming section
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a photographic film unit adapted to provide, by diffusion transfer processing, selective dye image recordation of incident actinic radiation as a function of the point-to-point degree of photosensitive element exposure, which film unit includes a plurality of layers including a photosensitive silver halide layer having associated therewith dye image-forming material which is diffusible as a function of the point-to-point degree of silver halide layer exposure to actinic radiation; and, associated with at least one of said silver halide layers an initially substantially colorless, photographically inactive compound, adapted to provide a colored moiety which can function to prevent photoexposure of the silver halide layer when the film unit is removed from the camera for processing.
  • This invention is concerned with photography and, more particularly, with photographic processes which are conducted outside of a camera and wherein undesired post-imaging fog is prevented by a light-absorbing reagent retained within the ultimate photograph, and with photographic products useful in performing such processes.
  • a number of photographic processes by which images may be developed and viewed within seconds or minutes after exposure have been proposed. Such processes generally employed a processing composition which is suitably distributed between two sheet-like elements, the desired image being carried by one of said sheet-like elements. The resulting images may be in black-and-white, e.g., in silver, or in one or more colors. Processing may be conducted in or outside of a camera. The most useful of such processes are the diffusion transfer processes which have been proposed for forming silver or dye images, and several of these processes have been commercialized. Such processes have in common the feature that the final image is a function of the formation of an imagewise distribution of an image-providing reagent and the diffusion transfer of said distribution to or from the stratum carrying the final image, whether positive or negative.
  • this invention is primarily directed to photographic processes wherein the desired image is obtained by processing an exposed photosensitive material, preferably silver halide, with a processing composition distributed between two sheet-like elements, one of said elements including said photosensitive material.
  • the processing composition is so applied and confined within and between the two sheet-like elements as not to contact or Wet outer surfaces of the superposed elements, thus providing a film unit or film packet whose external surfaces are dry.
  • the processing composition may be viscous or nonviscous, and preferably is distributed from a singleuse rupturable container; such pressure rupturable processing containers are frequently referred to as podsJ
  • the final image may be black-and-white, monochrome or multicolor and either negative or positive with respect to the photographed subject.
  • the present inventon is especially, if not uniquely, adapted for facilitating processing outside of a camera film units which are maintained as an integral laminate after processing, the desired image being viewed through one face of said laminate.
  • such systems rely for color image formation upon a differential in mobility or solubility of a dye image-providing material obtained as a function of development so as to provide an imagewise distribution of such material which is more diffusible and which is therefore selectively transferred, at least in part, by diffusion, to a superposed dyeable stratum to impart thereto the desired color transfer image.
  • the differential in mobility or solubility may for example be obtained by a chemical action such as a redox reaction or a coupling reaction.
  • the dye image-providing materials which may be employed in such processes generally may be characterized as either (1) initially soluble 0r diifusible in the processing composition but are selectively rendered non-diifusible in an imagewise pattern as a function of development; or (2) initially insoluble or non-diffusible in the processing composition but which are selectively rendered diffusible in an imagewise pattern as a function of development.
  • These materials may be complete dyes or dye intermediates, e.g., color couplers.
  • multicolor images are obtained by employing a film unit containing at least two selectively sensitized silver halide lavers each having associated therewith a dye image-providing material exhibiting desired spectral absorption characteristics.
  • the most commonly employed elements of this: type are the so-called tripack structures employing a blue-, a greenand a redsensitive silver halide layer having associated therewith, respectively, a yellow, a magenta and a cyan dye imageproviding material.
  • a particularly useful system for forming color images by diffusion transfer is that described in US. Pat. No. 2,983,606, employing dye developers (dyes which are also silver halide developing agents) as the dye image-providing materials.
  • dye developers dye which are also silver halide developing agents
  • a photosensitive element comprising at least one silver halide layer having a dye developer associated therewith (in the same or in an adjacent layer) is developed by applying an aqueous alkaline processing composition.
  • Exposed and developable silver halide is developed by the dye developer which in turn becomes oxidized to provide an oxidation product which is appreciably less diffusible than the unreacted dye developer, thereby providing an imagewise distribution of diffusible dye developer in terms of unexposed areas of the silver halide layer, which imagewise distribution is then transferred, at least in part, by diffusion, to a dyeable stratum to impart thereto a positive dye transfer image.
  • Multicolor images may be obtained with a photosensitive element having two or more selectively sensitized silver halide layers and associated dye developers, a tripack structure of the type described above and in various patents including the aforementioned US. Pat. No. 2,983,- 606 being especially suitable for accurate color recordation of the original subject matter.
  • color images are obtained by exposing a photosensitive element or negative component comprising at least a light-sensitive layer, e.g., a gelatino silver halide emulsion layer, having a dye image-providing material associated therewith in the same or in an adjacent layer, to form a developable image; developing this exposed element with a processing composition to form an imagewise distribution of a soluble and diffusible image-providing material; and transferring this imagewise distribution, at least in part, by diffusion, to a superposed receiving ele ment or positive component comprising at least a dye able stratum to impart to this stratum a color transfer image.
  • a photosensitive element or negative component comprising at least a light-sensitive layer, e.g., a gelatino silver halide emulsion layer, having a dye image-providing material associated therewith in the same or in an adjacent layer, to form a developable image
  • developing this exposed element with a processing composition to form an imagewise distribution of a soluble and
  • the negative and positive components may be separate elements which are brought together during processing and thereafter either retained together as the final print or separated following image formation; or they may together comprise a unitary structure, e.g., integral negative-positive film units wherein the negative and positive components are laminated and/ or otherwise physically retained together at least prior to image formation.
  • While the present invention is applicable both to those systems wherein the dyeable stratum is contained on a separate element and to those systems wherein the dyeable stratum and the photosensitive strata comprise a unitary structure, of particular interest are those integral negative positive film units adapted for forming color transfer images viewable without separation, i.e., wherein the positive component need not be separated from the negative component for viewing purposes.
  • film units comprise a plurality of essential layers including a negative component comprising at least one light-sensitive silver halide and associated dye image-providing material and a positive component comprising dyeable stratum. These components may be laminated together or otherwise secured together in physical juxtaposition as a single structure.
  • Film units intended to provide multicolor images comprise two or more selectively sensitized silver halide layers each having associated therewith an appropriate dye image-providing material exhibiting desired spectral absorption characteristics.
  • the most commonly employed negative components for forming multicolor images are of the tripack structure containing a blue-, a greenand a red-sensitive silver halide layer having associated therewith in the same or in a contiguous layer a yellow, a magenta and a cyan dye image-providing material respectively.
  • Interlayers or spacer layers may if desired be provided between the re spective silver halide layers and associated dye imageproviding materials.
  • such film units further include means for providing a reflecting layer between the dyeable stratum and the negative component in order to mask effectively the silver image or images formed as a function of development of the silver halide layer or layers and any remaining associated dye image-providing material and to provide a background for viewing the color image formed in the dyeable stratum, without separation, by reflected light.
  • This reflecting layer may comprise a preformed layer of a reflecting agent included in the essential layers of the film unit or the reflecting agent may be provided after photoexposure, e.g., by including the reflecting agent in the processing composition.
  • These essential layers are preferably contained on a transparent dimensionally stable layer or support member positioned closest to the dyeable stratum so that the resulting transfer image is viewable through this transparent layer.
  • a dimensionally stable layer which may be transparent or opaque is positioned on the opposed surface of the essential layers so that the aforementioned essential layers are sandwiched or confined between a pair of dimensionally stable layers or support members, at least one of which is transparent to permit viewing therethrough of a color transfer image obtained as a function of development of the exposed film unit in accordance with the known color diffusion transfer system such as will be detailed hereinafter.
  • film units are employed in conjunction with a rupturable container of known description containing the requisite processing composition and adapted upon application of pressure of applying its contents to develop the exposed film unit, e.g., by applying the processing composition in a substantially uniform layer between the dyeable stratum and the negative component.
  • the film unit may optionally contain other layers performing specific desired functions, e.g., spacer layers, etc.
  • the integral negative-positive film units of the foregoing description are exposed to form a developable image and thereafter developed by applying the appropriate processing composition to develop exposed silver halide and to form, as a function of development, an imagewise distribution of ditfusible dye image-providing material which is transferred, at least in part by diffusion, to the dyeable stratum to impart thereto the desired color transfer image, e.g., a positive color transfer image.
  • this reflecting layer is provided prior to photoexposure, e.g., as a preformed layer included in the essential layers of the laminar structure comprising the film unit, and in others it is provided at some time thereafter, e.g., by including a suitable light-reflecting agent, for example, a white pigment such as titanium dioxide, in the processing composition which is applied between the dyeable stratum and the next adjacent layer to develop the latent image and to form the color transfer image.
  • a suitable light-reflecting agent for example, a white pigment such as titanium dioxide
  • the dye image-providing materials which may be employed in such processes generally are selected from those materials heretofore mentioned and disclosed in the illustrative patents which were initially soluble or dilfusible in the processing composition but which are selectively rendered non-diffusible as a function of development or those which are initially insoluble or non-dilfusible in the processing composition but are selectively rendered diffusible as a function of development. These materials may be complete dyes or dye intermediates, e.g., color couplers.
  • the present invention is directed to improvements in the processes and products disclosed in the said patents and is particularly directed to providing light-absorbing materials effective to permit performing said processes outside of the camera in which photoexposure is effected.
  • the specifications of the said patents and applications are hereby specifically incorporated herein,
  • a lightabsorbing material or reagent preferably a dye
  • a light-absorbing material or reagent is provided so positioned and/or constituted as not to interfere with photoexposure but so positioned between the photoexposed silver halide emulsions and the transparent support during processing after photoexposure as to absorb light which otherwise might fog the photoexposed emulsions.
  • the light-absorbing material is so p0- sitioned and/or constituted after processing as not to interfere with viewing the desired image shortly after said image has been formed.
  • the light-absorbing material also sometimes referred to herein as an optical filter agent, is initially contained in the processing composition together with a light-reflecting material, e.g., titanium dioxide.
  • the concentration of indicator dye is selected to provide the optical transmission density required, in combination with other layers intermediate the silver halide emulsion layer(s) and the incident radiation, to prevent nonimagewise exposure, i.e., fogging, by incident actinic light during the performance of the particular photographic process.
  • the reflecting pigment needed to mask the photosensitive strata and to provide the requisite background for viewing the color transfer image formed in the receiving layer may be contained initially in Whole or'in part as a preformed layer in the film unit.
  • a preformed layer mention may be made of that disclosed in U.S. Pats. Nos. 3,615,421 issued Oct. 26, 1971 and 3,620,724 issued Nov. 16, 1971 of Edwin Land.
  • the reflecting pigment may be generated in situ as is disclosed in the copending applications of Edwin H. Land, Ser. Nos. 43,741 and 43,742, both filed June 5, 1970, now U.S. Pats. Nos. 3,647,434 and 3,647,- 435, respectively, both issued Mar. 7, 1972.
  • *Opacifying means may be provided on either side of the negative component so that the film unit may be layer or support member positioned on the free or outer,
  • the last-mentioned opacifying agent may comprise the aforementioned reflecting agent which masks the negative component and provides the requisite background for viewing the transfer image formed thereover. Where this reflecting agent does not by itself provide the requisite opacity it may be employed in combination with an additional opacifying agent in order to pre vent further exposure of the light-sensitive silver halide layer or layers by actinic light incident thereon.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,579,333, issued May 18, 1971, is directed to film units of the above-described type which in-' cludes a silver halide desensitizing agent adapted to effect, subsequent to photoexposure, desensitization of the photosensitive silver halide layer without substantial detriment to the latent image carried by the emulsion layer, to permit the film unit to be processed externally to the camera in which it was exposed.
  • polymeric acids may be polymers which contain acid groups, e.g., carboxylic acid and sulfonic acid groups, which are capble of forming salts with alkali metals or with organic bases; or potentially acid-yielding groups such as anhydrides or lactones.
  • acid polymer contains free carboxyl groups.
  • other useful neutralizing layers in addition to those disclosed in the aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 3,362,819, mention may be made of those disclosed in the following copending applications: Ser. No. 165,171 of Schlein et al., filed July 22, 1971; Ser. No. 214,746 of Bedell, filed Jan. 3, 1972; Ser. No. 208,616 of Taylor, filed Dec. 16, 1971; Ser. No. 231,835 of Sahatjian et al., filed Mar. 6, 1972, etc.
  • An inert interlayer or spacer layer may be and is preferably disposed between the polymeric acid layer and the dyeable stratum in order to control the pH reduction so that it is not premature and hence interferes with the development process, e.g., to time control the pH reduction.
  • Suitable spacer or timer layers for this purpose are described with particularity in Pat. No. 3,362,819
  • the acid layer and associated spacer layer are preferably contained in the receiving element employed in systems wherein the dyeable stratum and photosensitive strata are contained on separate elements, e.g., between the support for the receiving element and the dyeable stratum; or associated with the dyeable stratum in those integral film units, e.g., on the sideof the dyeable stratum opposed from the negative: component, they may, if-desired, be associated with the photosensitive strata, as is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pats. Nos. 3,362,821 and 3,573,043. In film units such as those described in the aforementioned U.S. Pats. Nos. 3,594,164 and 3,594,165, they also may be contained on the spreader sheet employed to facilitate application of the processing fluid.
  • the present invention is directed to a new and improved, preferably integral negaltive/positive, diffusion 3,691; 43,741; 43,742; and 43,782 and also in US. Pats. Nos. 3,615,421; 3,576,625; 3,576,626; 3,620,724; 3,594,- 165; 3,594,164; 2,983,606; and 3,345,163; and will include a photosensitive silver halide layer having associated therewith an effective amount of a substantially colorless, photographically inactive precursor of a dye, wherein said precursor is adapted to be converted to the dye or colored form, subsequent to exposure, disposed in a photosensitive element which contains a plurality of layers including, in relative order, a dimensionally stable layer preferably opaque to incident actinic radiation; and one or more photosensitive silver halide layers having associated therewith dye image-forming material which is processing composition diffusible as a function of the point-to-point degree of silver halide layer exposure to incident act
  • a film unit assemblage of the aforementioned general structural parameters will be adapted to be processed, subsequent to photoexposure, in the presence of actinic radiation and may be fabricated to employ, as means interposed intermediate the reception layer and next adjacent silver halide layer subsequent to photoexposure, an inorganic light-reflecting pigment dispersion containing reflecting pigment and, optionally, at least one optical filter agent, at a pH above the pKa of the optical filter agent and at which pH the dye imageforming material is diffusible during processing as a function of silver halide layer photoexposure, in a concentration in admixture effective to provide a barrier to transmission of actinic radiation therethrough, and the means for interposing the processing composition may comprise a rupturable container, retaining the opacifying agent, if any, disposed in the processing composition selected, fixedly positioned extending transverse a leading edge of the film unit and adapted, upon application of compressive pressure, to distribute its contents intermediate the reception layer and
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a photographic film unit embodying the invention
  • FIGS. 2, 4 and 6 are diagrammatic enlarged cross-sectional views of the film unit of FIG. 1, along section line 22, illustrating the association of elements during the three illustrated stages of the performance of a diffusion transfer process, for the production of a multicolor transfer image according to the invention, the thickness of the various materials being exaggerated, and wherein FIG. 2 represents an exposure stage, 'FIG. 4 represents a processing stage and FIG. 6 represents a product of the process; and
  • FIGS. 3, and 7 are diagrammatic, further enlarged cross-sectional views of the film unit of FIGS. 2, 4 and 6, along section lines 3-3, 55 and 77, respectively, further illustrating, in detail, the arrangement of layers comprising the photosensitive laminate during the three illustrated stages of the transfer process.
  • a substantially colorless precursor of a dye is provided to the photosensitive element, positioned intermediate the silver halide emulsion layer and a transparent support so that subsequent to photoexposure of the silver halide emulsion, a dye can be generated so as to absorb light which otherwise might fog the photoexposed emulsions.
  • the light-absorbing material is so positioned before and after processing so as not to interfere with the exposure of the emulsions or viewing the desired image.
  • the precursor of a dye is disposed adjacent or the silver halide emulsion layer.
  • the light-absorbing material is not disposed in the processing composition where it might interact deleteriously with some of the photographic reagents contained therein.
  • the dye produced from the above-described precursor is a silver halide desensitizing agent.
  • a silver halide desensitizing mechanism may be employed to protect the silver halide emulsion layer from post-exposure fogging. While the same materials can be employed to perform the two described functions, it should be understood that the quantity employed is generally much less for the silver halide desensitizing agent than for the filter dye.
  • silver halide desensitizing agent precursor is intended to refer to a compound which is initially substantially inert with respect to the desensitizing function and substantially colorless until the desensitizing function is generated by the action of alkali subsequent to exposure.
  • the silver halide desensitizing agent precursor is a compound which does not deleteriously effect the photographic response of the silver halide grains but which can be converted to a form which will effect desensitization of photographic silver halide.
  • the aforementioned conversion is accomplished by contacting the precursor with the processing composition which contains a reagent, preferably aqueous alkali, which will interact with the precursor to provide the active silver halide desensitizing species.
  • the dye precursor which is initially substantially colorless is one which will not interfere with the photographic utility of the film unit but which will form a colored species subsequent to photoexposure of the film unit.
  • the dye precursor be substantially immobile, i.e., sufiiciently immobile that they will not diffuse to and dye the image-receiving layer, but which will possess suflicient mobility to contact the appropriate layers in the negative, if necessary.
  • the precursor is adapted to provide a compound containing, as a chromophoric group
  • the preferred mechanism for generating the chromophoric group is by alkaline hydrolysis.
  • a preferred class of dye precursors may be represented by the formula:
  • the essential portion of the compound is the Z-N group; it is only necessary that the remainder of the compound not interfere with the generation of the chromophore upon removal of the radical Y.
  • the substantial- 1y colorless precursor of a dye comprises a precursor of a fl-aza-disubstituted amino styryl dye represented by the formula:
  • R is hydrogen, alkyl or aryl; R R R and R each is alkyl or aryl; wherein the alkyl groups are preferably 1-4 carbon alkyl groups, more preferably methyl; R comprises the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic ring system containing a 5 or 6 membered heterocyclic nucleus preferably having a nitrogen atom in ortho or para position to the group X is an acid anion; and n is 1 when R carries a negative charge and 2 when R is electrically neutral.
  • the anion designated X represents those anionic radicals customary in the art, for example, chloride, bromide, iodide, p-toluene sulfonate, acetate, propionate, nitrate, sulfate, etc.
  • the anion is the fiuorosulfonate radical .FSO
  • azadimethine cyanines precursors of azadimethine cyanines, azo dyes and a,5-diazatrimethine cyanines.
  • a normally inert and substantially colorless compound is disposed in or near a photosensitive silver halide layer.
  • the compound In its inert form, the compound -will not have any effect on the composition, exposure or processing of the silver halide emulsion until the emulsion layer is contacted with an alkaline processing composition which generates the chromophoric group of the compound.
  • the specific silver halide desensitizing agent selected should be stable, rapid and complete in destroying sensitivity when the active species is generated, but without action on the developer or on the latent image, nonfogging, nonstaining and nonpoisonous.
  • the desensitizing agent precursor may be disposed in a layer adjacent a silver halide emulsion layer or in the silver halide emulsion layer itself. Because of its lack of color and inertness, the precursor is particularly suitable for disposi tion in the emulsion layer.
  • the concentration of precursor dye is selected to provide a dye having the optical transmission density required, in combination with other layers intermediate the silver halide emulsion layer(s) and the incident radiation, to provent nonimagewise exposure, i.e., fogging, by incident actinic light during the performance of the particular photographic process. It has been found, by interposing neutral density (carbon containing) filters over a layer of titanium dioxide that a transmission density of approximately 6.0 from said neutral density filters was effective to prevent fogging of a diffusion transfer multicolor film unit of the type described in said US. Pat. No.
  • Example II The procedure and materials of Example I were repeated except that methane sulfonyl chloride was employed instead of p-toluene sulfonyl chloride to produce a microcrystalline solid, Compound No. 2.
  • Quaternization was accomplished substantially according to the procedure of Example 11 to provide Compound No. 4 melting at l45-l48 C.
  • Example IV was repeated except that p-dodecylbenzene sulfonyl chloride was used instead of ptoluene sulfonyl chloride to provide Compound No. 5.
  • an optical filter agent as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,647,437, may be employed in conjunction with the dye precursor-of the present invention. A relatively small amount need be employed, however, since the combined effect of the optical filter agent and dyeformed from the precursor will provide the necessary light protective properties.
  • the silver halide photosensitive layers employed for the fabrication of the photographic film unit may be prepared by reacting a water-soluble silver salt, such as silver nitrate, with at least one water soluble halide, such as ammonium, potassium or sodium chloride, together with corresponding iodide and bromide, in an aqueous solution of a peptizing agent such as colloidal gelatin solution; digesting the dispersion at an elevated temperature, to provide increased crystal growth; washing the resultant dispersion to remove undesirable reaction products and residual water-soluble salts, for example, employing the preferred gelatin matrix material, by chilling the dispersion, noodling the set dispersion, and washing the noodles with cold water, or, alternatively, employing any of the various fiocc systems, or procedures, adapted to effect removal of undesired components, for example, the procedures described in U.S.
  • Optical sensitization of the emulsions silver iodochlorobromide crystals may be accomplished by contact of the emulsion composition with an effective concentration of the selected optical sensitizing dyes dissolved in an appropriate dispersing solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, water, and the like; all according to the traditional procedures of the art, as described in Hammer, F. M., The Cyanine Dyes and Related Compounds.
  • an appropriate dispersing solvent such as methanol, ethanol, acetone, water, and the like
  • Additional optional additives such as coating aids, hardeners, viscosity-increasing agents, stabilizers, preservatives, and the like, for example, those set forth hereinafter, also may be incorporated in the emulsion formulation, according to the conventional procedures known in the photographic emulsion manufacturing art.
  • the aforementioned gelatin may be, in whole or in part, replaced with some other naturaland/or synthetic processing composition permeable polymeric material such as albumin; casein; or zein or resins such as cellulose derivatives as described in U.S. Pats. Nos. 2,322,085 and 2,541,474; vinyl polymers such as described in an extensive multiplicity of readily available U.S. and foreign patents or the photoresponsive material may be present substantially free of interstitial binding agent as described in U.S. Pats. Nos. 2,945,771; 3,145,566; 3,142,567; Newman, Comment on Non-Gelatin Film, B.J.O.P., 434, Sept. 15, 1961; and Belgian Pats. Nos. 642,557 and 642,558.
  • some other naturaland/or synthetic processing composition permeable polymeric material such as albumin; casein; or zein or resins such as cellulose derivatives as described in U.S. Pats. Nos. 2,322,085 and 2,54
  • photosensitive silver iodochlorobromide emulsions possessing the preformed grain size distribution may be readily obtained by a plurality of conventional emulsion manufacturing procedures known to those skilled in the art, including procedures and apparatus particularly adapted to provide restricted and substantially homogeneous or uniform grain size distributions; see, for example, the processes and apparatus 1 7 disclosed in US. Pats. Nos. 3,326,641 and 3,415,650, each of which is specifically hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • FIGS. 1 through 7 of the drawings wherein there is illustrated a preferred film unit of the present invention and wherein like numbers, appearing in the various figures, refer to like components.
  • FIG. 1 sets forth a perspective view of the film unit, designated 10, and each of FIGS. 2 through 7 illustrate diagrammatic crosssectional views of film unit 10, along the stated section lines 22, 33, 55 and 77, during the various depicted stages in the performance of a photographic diffusion transfer process as detailed hereinafter.
  • Film unit 10 comprises rupturable container 11, retaining, prior to processing, aqueous processing composition 12, and photosensitive laminate 13 including, in order, dimensionally stable opaque layer 14, preferably an actinic radiation-opaque flexible sheet material; cyan dye developer layer 15; red-sensitive silver iodochlorobromide emulsion layer 16; interlayer 17; magenta dye developer layer 18; green-sensitive silver iodochlorobromide emulsion layer 19; interlayer 20; yellow dye developer layer 21; blue-sensitive silver iodochlorobromide emulsion layer 22; auxiliary layer '23, which may contain an auxiliary silver halide developing agent; image-receiving layer 24; spacer layer 25; neutralizing layer 26; and dimensionally stable transparent layer 27, preferably an actinic radiation transmissive flexible sheet material.
  • cyan dye developer layer 15 red-sensitive silver iodochlorobromide emulsion layer 16; interlayer 17; magenta dye developer layer 18; green-sensitive silver io
  • the structural integrity of laminate 13 may be maintained, at least in part, by the adhesive capacity exhibited between the various layers comprising the laminate at their opposed surfaces.
  • the adhesive capacity exhibited at an interface intermediate image-receiving layer 24 and the silver iodochlorobromide emulsion layer next adjacent thereto, for example, image-receiving layer 24 and auxiliary layer 23 as illustrated in FIGS. 2 through 7, should be less than that exhibited at the interface between the opposed surfaces of the remainder of the layers forming the laminate, in order to facilitate distribution of processing solution 12 intermediate the stated image-receiving layer 24 and the silver iodochlorobromide emulsion layer next adjacent thereto.
  • the laminates structural integrity may also be enhanced or provided, in whole or in part, by providing a binding member extending around, for example, the edges of laminate 13, and maintaining the layers comprising the laminate intact, except at the interface between layers 23 and 24 during distribution of processing composition 12 intermediate those layers.
  • the binding member may comprise a pressure-sensitive tape 28 securing and/or maintaining the layers of laminate 13 together at its respective edges. Tape 28 will also act to maintain processing solution 12 intermediate image-receiving layer 24 and the silver iodochlorobromide emulsion layer next adjacent thereto, upon application of compressive pressure to pod 11 and distribution of its contents intermediate the stated layers. Under such circumstances, binder tape 28 will act to prevent leakage of fluid processing composition from the film units laminate during and subsequent to photographic processing.
  • Rutpurable container 11 may be of the type shown and described in any of US. Pats. Nos. 2,543,181; 2,634,886; 3,653,732; 2,723,051; 3,056,492; 3,056,491; 3,152,515; and the like.
  • such containers will comprise a rectangular blank of fluidand air-imprevious sheet material folded longitudinally upon itself to form two walls 29 which are sealed to one another along their longitudinal and end margins to form a cavity in which processing composition 12 is retained.
  • the longitudinal marginal seal 30 is made weaker than the end seals 31 so as to become unsealed in response to the hydraulic pressure generated within the fluid contents 12 of the container by the application of compressive pressure to walls 29 of the container.
  • container 11 is fixedly positioned and extends transverse a leading edge of photosensitive laminate 13 whereby to effect unidirectional discharge of the containers contents 12 between image-receiving layer 24 and the stated layer next adjacent thereto, upon application of compressive force to container 11.
  • container 11 as illustrated in FIG. 2, is fixedly positioned and extends transverse a leading edge of laminate 13 with its longitudinal marginal seal 30' directed toward the interface between image-receiving layer 24 and auxiliary layer 23.
  • FIGS. 1 As illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3
  • container 11 is fixedly secured to laminate 13 by extension 32 of tape 28 extending over a portion of one wall 29 of the container, in combination with a separate retaining member such as illustrated retaining tape 33 extending over a portion of laminate '13s surface generally equal in area to about that covered by tape 28.
  • extension flaps 32 of tape 28 is preferably of such area and dimensions that upon, for example, manual separation of container 11 and tape 33, subsequent to distribution of processing composition 12, from the remainder of film unit 10, fiap 32 may be folded over the edge of laminate 13, previously covered by tape 33, in order to facilitate maintenance of the laminates structural integrity, for example, during the fiexations inevitable in storage and use of the processed film unit, and to provide a suitable mask or frame, for viewing of the transfer image through the picture viewing area of transparent layer 27.
  • the fluid contents of the container preferably comprise an aqueous alkaline solution having a pH and solvent concentration at which the dye developers are soluble and diffusible and contains inorganic light-reflecting pigment.
  • the film unit may be processed, subsequent to distribution of the composition, in the presence of such radiation, in view of the fact that the silver iodochlorobromide emulsion or emulsions of laminate are appropriately desensitized and protected from incident radiation.
  • the selected reflecting pigment should be one providing a background suitable for viewing the dye developer transfer image formed in the dyeable polymeric layer.
  • a reflecting agent be selected that will not interfere with the color integrity of the dye transfer image, as viewed by the observer, and most preferably, an agent which is aesthetically pleasing to the viewer and does not provide a background noise signal degrading, or detracting from, the information content of the image.
  • Particularly desirable reflecting agents will be those providing a white background, for viewing the transfer image, and specifically those conventionally employed to provide background for reflection photographic prints, and, especially those agents possessing the optical properties desired for reflection of incident radiation.
  • reflecting pigments adapted for employment in the practice of the present invention, mention may be made of barium sulfate, zinc sulfide, titanium dioxide, barium stearate, silver flake, silicates, alumina, zirconium oxide, zirconium acetyl acetate, sodium zirconium sulfate, kaolin, mica, and the like.
  • a particularly preferred reflecting agent comprises titanium dioxide due to its highly effective reflection properties.
  • a processing composition containing about 1500 to 4000 mgs./ft. titanium dioxide dispersed in 100 cc. of water will provide a percent reflectance of about to In the most preferred embodiments, the percent reflectance particularly desired will be in the order of about 85%.
  • the dispersion comprises a preformed layer positioned intermediate the reception layer and next adjacent silver iodochlorobromide layer
  • pigment layer will be sufiiciently transparent to allow transit of exposing radiation through the pigment layer and may comprise titanium dioxide reflecting agent possessing a particle size distribution averaging about 0.2,u. in diameter and preferably about 0.05;. in diameter as initially present preceding exposure of the film unit, which preferred materials, upon contact with aqueous alkaline processing composition, preferably aggregate to provide particles possessing a diameter a'bout 0.2 in diameter and will be coated at a coverage of about 200 to 1000 mgs./ft.
  • the reflecting agent will be present in a quantity insufficient to prevent exposure of the emulsion layers by actinic radiation incident on the dimensionally stable transparent layer of the film unit but in a concentration suflicient, subsequent to processing, to mask dye developer associated with the silver iodochlorobromide emulsion strata from the dye transfer image.
  • the pigment such as titanium dioxide will be initially present in a relatively small particle size to provide unexpectedly efficient transit of radiation through the reflecting layer during exposure which upon contact with an alkaline processing composition and aggregation of the pigment particles provides light reflectivity and masking capacity subsequent to such aggregation.
  • the reflecting agents to be employed are those which remain substantially immobile within their respective compositions during and subsequent to photographic processing and particularly those which comprise insoluble and nondiffusible inorganic pigment dispersions within the layer in which they are disposed.
  • reflecting agent pigment may thus be distributed in whole or in part within a processing composition permeable polymeric matrix such as gelatin and/ or any other such polymeric matrixes as are specifically denoted throughout the specification as suitable for employment as a matrix binder and may be distributed in one or more of the film unit layers which may be separated or contiguous, intermediate the image-receiving layer and next adjacent silver halide layer, provided that its distribution and concentration is effective to provide the denoted post processing masking function, and/or in whole or in part the reflecting agent may be ultimately disposed Within the processing composition residuum located intermediate the image-receiving layer and next adjacent silver halide emulsion strata and associated dye image-forming material.
  • a processing composition permeable polymeric matrix such as gelatin and/ or any other such polymeric matrixes as are specifically denoted throughout the specification as suitable for employment as a matrix binder and may be distributed in one or more of the film unit layers which may be separated or contiguous, intermediate the image-receiving layer and next adjacent
  • the agent selected should be one exhibiting, at a pH above its pKa, maximum spectral absorption of radiation at the wavelengths to which the film units photosensitive silver halide layer or layers are sensitive and should be substantially immobile or nondiffusible within the pigment dispersion, during performance of its radiation filtration function, in order to maintain and enhance the optical integrity of the dispersion as a radiation filter unit functioning in accordance with the present invention, and to prevent its diffusion into and localized concentration within the image-receiving layer thereby decreasing the efliciency of the reflecting pigment dispersion as a background against which image formation may be immediately viewed, during the initial stages in the diffusion transfer processing of the film unit, by filter agent absorption of dispersion reflected visible radiation prior to reduction in the environmental pH below the pKa of the agent.
  • preferred agents are those which remain immobile within their respective compositions during and subs q nt t Photographic P essing and particularly those which comprise insoluble and nondiffusible materials.
  • the liquid processing composition referred to for eflfecting multicolor ditfusion transfer processes comprises at least an aqueous solution of an alkaline material, for example, diethylamine, sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate and the like, and preferably possessing a pH in excess of 12, and most preferably includes a viscosity-increasing compound constituting a film-forming material of the type which, when the composition is spread and dried, forms a relatively firm and relatively stable film.
  • the preferred film-forming materials disclosed comprise high molecular weight polymers such as polymeric, water-soluble ethers which are inert to an alkaline solution such as, for example, a hydroxyethyl cellulose or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
  • film-forming materials or thicken ing agents whose ability to increase viscosity is substantially unaffected if left in solution for a long period of time are also disclosed to be capable of utilization.
  • the film-forming material is preferably contained in the processing composition in such suitable quantities as to impart to the composition a viscosty in excess of cps. at a temperature of approximately 24 C. and preferably in the order of 100,000 cps. to 200,000 cps. at that temperature.
  • the unit In the performance of a diffusion transfer multicolor process employing film unit 10, the unit is exposed to radiation, actinic to photosensitive laminate 13, incident on the laminates exposure surface, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • film unit 10 is processed by being passed through opposed suitably gapped rolls 35 in order to apply compressive pressure to frangible container 11 and to effect rupture of longitudinal seal 30 and distribution of alkaline processing composition 12, possessing inorganic light-reflecting pigment at a pH at which the cyan, magenta and yellow dye developers are soluble and diifusible as a function of the point-to-point degree of exposure of redsensitive silver iodochlorobromide emulsion layer 16, green-sensitive silver iodochlorobromide emulsion layer 16, green-sensitive silver iodochlorobromide emulsion layer 19 and blue-sensitive silver iodochlorobromide emulsion layer 22, respectively, intermediate image-receiving layer 24 and auxiliary layer 23.
  • Alkaline processing composition 12 permeates emulsion layers 16, 19 and 22 to initiate development of the latent images contained in the respective emulsions.
  • the cyan, magenta and yellow dye developers, of layers 15, 18 and 21, are immobilized, as a function of the development of their respective associated silver iodochlorobromide emulsions, preferably substantially as a result of their conversion from the reduced form to their relatively insoluble and nondiifusible oxidized form, thereby providing imagewise distributions of mobile, soluble and diifusible cyan, magenta and yellow dye developer, as a functon of the point-to-point degree of their associated emulsions exposure.
  • At least part of the imagewise distributions of mobile cyan, magenta and yellow dye developer transfers, by diffusion, to dyeable polymeric layer 24 to provide a multicolor dye transfer image to that layer which is viewable against the background provided by the reflecting pigment present in processing composition residuum 12 masking cyan, magenta and yellow dye developer remaining associated with blue-sensitive emulsion layer 22, greensensitive emulsion layer 19 and red-sensitive emulsion layer 16.
  • a sutficient portion of the ions comprising aqueous alkaline processing composition 12 transfer, by diffusion, through permeable polymeric reception layer 24, permeable spacer layer 25 to polymeric neutralizing layer 26 whereby the environmental pH of the system decreases as a function of neutralization to a pH at which the cyan, magenta and yellow dye developers, in the reduced form,
  • the alkaline solution component of the processing composition positioned intermediate the photosensitive element and the image-receiving layer, thus permeates the emulsions to initiate development of the latent images contained therein.
  • the respective associated dye developers are mobilized in unexposed areas as a consequence of the development of the latent images. This mobilization is apparently, at least in part, due to a change in the solubility characteristics of dye developer upon oxidation and especially as regards its solubility in alkaline solutions. It may also be due in part to a tanning effect on the emulsion by oxidized developing agent, and in part to a localized exhaustion of alkali as a result of development.
  • the associated dye developer is diffusible and thus provides an imagewise distribution of unoxdized dye developer dissolved in the liquid processing composition, as a function of the point-to-point degree of exposure of the silver iodochlorobromide emulsion. At least part of this imagewise distribution of unoxidized dye developer is transferred, by imbibition, to a superposed image-receiving layer or element, said transfer substantially excluding oxidized dye developer.
  • the image-receiving element receives a depthwise diffusion, from the developed emulsion, of unoxidized dye developer without appreciably disturbing the imagewise distribution thereof to provide the reversed or positive color image of the developed image.
  • container 11 may be manually dissociated from the remainder of the film unit, as described above, to provide the product illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • Film units similar to that shown in the drawings may be prepared, for example, by coating, in succession, on a mil opaque polyester film base, the following layers:
  • (6) a layer comprising butyl acrylate/diacetone acrylamide/styrene/methacrylic acid (/30/4/6) and polyacrylamide coated in a ratio of about 29:4, respectively, at a coverage of about 60 mgs./ft.
  • polyester film base may be coated, in succession, with the following illustrative layers:
  • the two components thus prepared may then be taped together in laminate form, at their respective edges, by means of a pressure-sentitive binding tape extending around, in contact with, and over the edges of the resultant laminate.
  • a rupturable container comprising an outer layer of lead foil and an inner liner or layer of polyvinyl chloride retaining an aqueous alkaline processing solution comprising:
  • each of the laminates may then be fixedly mounted on the leading edge of each of the laminates, by pressure-sensitive tapes interconnecting the respective containers and laminates, such that, upon application of compressive pressure to a container, its
  • contents may be distributed, upon rupture of the containers marginal seal, between the polymeric image-receiving layer and next adjacent layer.
  • the silver halide desensitizing agents of the present invention were introduced into the film by mixing with 120 cc. of 5% gelatin solution and coating over the negative with a No. 12 Meyer rod to provide the above-indicated layer 9.
  • the desensitizing agent was dissolved in methanol with a wetting agent and coated directly over layer 8. Amounts ranging from 5 to 240 mg. were employed.
  • the photosensitive composite film units may be exposed to radiation incident on the transparent cellulose triacetate layer through a conventional step wedge and processed by passage of the exposed film units through appropriate pressure'applying members, such as suitably ods of 10 seconds and 10 minutes.
  • appropriate pressure'applying members such as suitably ods of 10 seconds and 10 minutes.
  • Neutralizing means for example, a polymeric acid layer of the type discussed above may be incorporated, as stated, in the film unit of the present invention, to provide reduction of the alkalinity of the processing solution from a pH above the pKa of the optical filter agent selected at which the dyes are soluble to a pH below the pKa of the agent "at which the dyes are substantially nonditfusible, in order to advantageously further stabilize and optimize refiectivity of the dye transfer image.
  • the neutralizing layer may.comprise particulate acid reacting reagent disposed within the film unit or a polymeric acid layer, for example, a polymeric acid layer approximating 0.3 to 1.5 mils in thickness, positioned intermediate the transparent support and image-receiving layer, and/or the opaque support and next adjacent emulsion/dye unit layer, and the film unit may also contain a polymeric spacer or barrier layer, for example, approximating 0.1 to 0.7 mil in thickness, next adjacent the polymeric acid layer, opposite the respective support layer, as previously described.
  • a polymeric spacer or barrier layer for example, approximating 0.1 to 0.7 mil in thickness, next adjacent the polymeric acid layer, opposite the respective support layer, as previously described.
  • the film units may employ the presence of a polymeric acid layer such as, for example, of the type set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 3,362,819 which. most preferably, includes the presence of an inert timing or spacer lit 24 layer intermediate the polymeric acid layer carried on a support and the image-receiving layer.
  • a polymeric acid layer such as, for example, of the type set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 3,362,819 which. most preferably, includes the presence of an inert timing or spacer lit 24 layer intermediate the polymeric acid layer carried on a support and the image-receiving layer.
  • the polymeric acid layer may comprise polymers which contain acid groups, such as carboxylic acid and sulfonic acid groups, which are capable of forming salts with alkali metals, such as sodium, potassium etc., or with organic bases, particularly quaternary ammonium bases, such as tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide, or potentially acid-yielding groups, such as anhydrides or lactones, or other groups which are capable of reacting with bases to capture and retain them.
  • the acid-reacting group is, of course, retained in the polymer layer.
  • the polymer contains free carboxyl groups and the transfer processing composition employed contains a large concentration of sodium and/or potassium ions.
  • the acid polymers stated to be most useful are characterized by containing free carboxyl groups, being insoluble in water in the free acid form, and by forming Watersoluble sodium and/or potassium salts.
  • dibasic acid half-ester derivatives of cellulose which derivatives contain free carboxyl groups, e.g., cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate, cellulose acetate hydrogen glutarate, cellulose acetate hydrogen succinate, ethyl cellulose hydrogen succinate, ethyl cellulose acetate hydrogen succinate, cellulose acetate hydrogen succinate hydrogen phthalate; ether and ester derivatives or cellulose modified with sulfoanhydrides, e.g., with orthosulfobenzoic anhydride; polystyrene sulfonic acid; carboxymethyl cellulose; polyvinyl hydrogen phthalate; polyvinyl acetate hydrogen phthalate; polyacrylic acid; acetals of polyvinyl alcohol with carboxy or sulfo substituted aldehydes, e.g., o-, m-, or p-benzaldehyde sulfonic
  • the acid groups are disclosed to be so distributed in the polymer layer that the rate of their availability to the alkali is controllable, e.g., as a function of the rate of swelling of the polymer layer which rate in turn has a direct relationship to the diffusion rate of the alkali ions.
  • the desired distribution of the acid groups in the polymer layer may be effected by mixing acid polymer with a polymer free of acid groups, or lower in concentration of acid groups, and compatible therewith. or by using only an acid polymer but selecting one having a relatively lower proportion of acid groups.
  • the layer containing the polymeric acid may contain a water-insoluble polymer, preferably a cellulose ester, which acts to control or modulate the rate at which the alkali salt of the polymer acid is formed.
  • a water-insoluble polymer preferably a cellulose ester
  • cellulose esters contemplated for use mention is made of cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, etc.
  • the particular polymers and combinations of polymers employed in any given embodiment are, of course, selected so as to have adequate wet and dry strength and when necessary or desirable, suitable subcoats are employed to help the various polymeric layers adhere to each other during storage and use.
  • the inert spacer layer of the last-mentioned patent acts to time control the pH reduction by the polymeric acid layer. This timing is disclosed to be a function of the rate at which the alkali diffuses through the inert spacer layer. It is there stated to have been found that the pH does not drop until the alkali has passed through the spacer layer, i.e., the pH is not reduced to any significant extent by the mere diffusion into the interlayer, but the pH drops quite rapidly once the alkali diffuses through the spacer layer.
  • the aforementioned rate at which the cations of the alkaline processing composition, i.e., alkali ions, are available for capture in the polymeric acid layer should be decreased with increasing transfer processing temperatures in order to provide diffusion transfer color processes relatively independent of positive transfer image variations over an extended range of ambient temperatures.
  • the diffusion rate of alkali through a permeable inert polymeric spacer layer increases with increased processing temperature to the extent, for example, that at relatively high transfer processing temperatures, that is, transfer processing temperatures above approximately 80 F., a premature decrease in the pH of the transfer processing composition occurs due, at least in part, to the rapid diffusion of alkali from the dye transfer environment and its subsequent neutralization upon contact with the polymeric acid layer.
  • transfer processing temperatures that is, transfer processing temperatures above approximately 80 F.
  • the last mentioned inert spacer layer was disclosed to provide an effective diffusion barrier timewise preventing effective traverse of the inert spacer layer by alkali having temperature depressed diffusion rates and to result in maintenance of the transfer processing environments high pH for such an extended time interval as to facilitate formation of transfer image stain and its resultant degradation of the positive transfer images color definition.
  • acetals of polyvinyl were stated to generally comprise saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chains of a molecular weight of at least 1000, preferably of about 1000 to 50,000, possessing a degree of acetylation within about 10 to 30%, 10 to 30%, 20 to and 10 to 40%, of the polyvinyl alcohols theoretical polymeric hydroxy groups, respectively, and including mixed acetals where desired.
  • a mixture of the polymers may be employed, for example, a mixture of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and partial polyvinyl butyral.
  • multicolor transfer images may be provided over an extended processing temperature range which exhibit desired maximum and minimum dye transfer image densities; yellow, magenta and cyan dye saturation; red, green and blue hues; and color separation.
  • the dimensionally stable support layers referred to may comprise any of the various types of conventional opaque and transparent rigid or flexible materials possessing the requisite liquid impermeability and, preferably, the vapor transmissivity denoted above, and may comprise polymeric films of both synthetic types and those derived from naturally occurring products.
  • Particularly suitable materials include aqueous alkaline solution impermeable, water vapor permeable, flexible polymeric materials such as vapor permeable polymeric films derived from ethylene glycol terephthalic acid, vinyl chloride polymers; polyvinyl acetate; polyamides; polymethylacrylic acid methyl and ethyl esters; cellulose derivatives such as cellulose, acetate, triacetate, nitrate, propionate, butyrate, acetatepropionate, or acetate-butyrate; alkaline solution impermeable, water vapor permeable papers; crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol; regenerated cellulose; and the like.
  • flexible polymeric materials such as vapor permeable polymeric films derived from ethylene glycol terephthalic acid, vinyl chloride polymers; polyvinyl acetate; polyamides; polymethylacrylic acid methyl and ethyl esters; cellulose derivatives such as cellulose, acetate, triacetate, nitrate,
  • solution dyeable polymers such as nylon as, for example, N-methoxymethyl polyhexamethylene adipamide; partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate; polyvinyl alcohol with or 'without plasticizers; cellulose acetate with filler as, for example, onehalf cellulose acetate and one-half oleic acid; gelatin; and other materials of a similar nature.
  • Preferred materials comprise polyvinyl alcohol or gelatin containing a dye mordant such as poly 4 vinylpyridine, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,148,061, issued Sept. 8, 1964.
  • liquid processing composition employed may contain an auxiliary or accelerating developing agent, such as p-methylaminophenol, 2,4-diaminophenol, p-benzylaminophenyl, hydroquinone, toluhydroquinone, phenylhydroquinone, 4' methylphenylhydroquinone, etc. It is also contemplated to employ a plurality of auxiliary or accelerating developing agents, such as a 3-pyrazolidone developing agent and a benzenoid developing agent, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,039,869, issued June 19, 1962.
  • auxiliary developing agents As examples of suitable combinations of auxiliary developing agents, mention may be made of 1 phenyl 3 pyrazolidone in combination with p-benzylaminophenol and l phenyl 3 pyrazolidone in combination with 2,5 -bis-ethy1enimino-hydroquinone.
  • auxiliary developing agents may be employed in the liquid processing composition or they may be initially incorporated, at least in part, in any one or more of the silver halide emulsion strata, the strata containing the dye developers, the interlayers, the overcoat layer, the image-receiving layer, or in any other auxiliary layer, or layers, of the film unit. It may be noted that at least a.
  • portion of the dye developer oxidized during development may be oxidized and immobilized as a result of a reaction, e.g., an energy-transfer reaction, with the oxidation product of an oxidized auxiliary developing agent, the latter developing agent being oxidized by the development of exposure silver halide.
  • a reaction e.g., an energy-transfer reaction
  • Such a reaction of oxidized developing agent with unoxidized dye developer would regenerate the auxiliary developing agent for further reaction with the exposed silver halide.
  • the relative proportions of the agents of the diffusion transfer processing composition may be altered to suit the requirements of the operator.
  • modify the herein described developing compositions by the substitution of preservatives, alkalies, etc., other than those specifically mentioned, provided that the pH of the composition is initially at the first pH and sol-vent concentration required.
  • components such as restrainers, accelerators, etc.
  • concentration of various components may be varied over a wide range and when desirable adaptable components may be disposed in the photosensitive element, prior to exposure, in a separate permeable layer of the photosensitive element and/or in the photosensitive emulsion.
  • nitrocarboxymethyl cellulose as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,992,104
  • an acylamidobenzene sulfo ester of a partial sulfobenzal of polyvinyl alcohol as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,043,692
  • polymers of N-alkyl-u,fl-unsaturated carboxamides and copolymers of N alkyl-a,,8-carboxamides with N-hydroxyalkyl 11, 8 unsaturated carboxamides as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.
  • the preparation of the dye developer dispersion may also be obtained by dissolving the dye in an appropriate solvent, or mixture of solvents, and the resultant solution distributed in the polymeric binder, with optional subsequent removal of the solvent, or solvents, employed, as, for example, by vaporization where the selected solvent, or solvents, possesses a sufficiently low boiling point or washing where the selected solvent, or solvents, possesses a sufficiently high differential solubility in the wash medium, for example, water, when meas-- ured against the solubility of the remaining composition components, and/or obtained by dissolving both the polymeric binder and dye in a common solvent.
  • the photosensitive component of the film unit may comprise at least two sets of selectively sensitized minute photosensitive elements arranged in the form of a photosensitive screen wherein each of the minute photosensitive elements has associated therewith, for example, an appropriate dye developer in or behind its respective silver halide emulsion portion.
  • a suitable photosensitive screen will comprise minute redsensitized emulsion elements, minute green-sensitized emulsion elements and minute blue-sensitized emulsion elements arranged in side'by-side relationship in a screen pattern and having associated therewith, respectively, a cyan, a magenta and a yellow dye developer.
  • the present invention also includes the employment of a black dye developer and the use of a mixture of dye developers adapted to provide a black-and-white transfer image, for example, the employment of dye developers of the three subtractive colors in an appropriate mixture in which the quantities of the dye developers are proportioned such that the colors combine to provide black.
  • the expression positive image has been used, this expression should not be interpreted in a restrictive sense since it is used primarily for purposes of illustration, in that it defines the image produced on the image-carrying layer as being reversed, in the positive-negative sense, with respect to the image in the photosensitive emulsion layers.
  • the expression positive image assume that the photosensitive element is exposed to actinic light through a negative transparency. In this case, the latent image in the photosensitive emulsion layers will be a positive and the dye image produced on the image-carrying layer will be a negative.
  • the expression positive image is intended to cover such an image produced on the image-carrying layer.
  • the transfer image formed upon directed exposure of the film unit to a selected subject and processing will be a geometrically reversed image of the subject. Accordingly, to provide transfer image formation geometrically nonreversed, exposure of such film unit should be accomplished through an imagereversing optical system such a camera possessing an image-reversing optical system.
  • the film unit may also contain one or more subcoats or layers, which, in turn, may contain one or more additives such as plasticizers, intermediate essential layers for the purpose, for example, of improving adhesion, and that any one or more of the described layers may comprise a composite of two or more strata of the same, or different, components and which may be contiguous, or separated from, each other, for example, two or more neutralizing layers or the like, one of which may be disposed intermediate the cyan dye image-forming component retaining layer and the dimensionally stable opaque layer.
  • additives such as plasticizers, intermediate essential layers for the purpose, for example, of improving adhesion
  • any one or more of the described layers may comprise a composite of two or more strata of the same, or different, components and which may be contiguous, or separated from, each other, for example, two or more neutralizing layers or the like, one of which may be disposed intermediate the cyan dye image-forming component retaining layer and the dimensionally stable opaque layer.
  • a photographic film unit comprising photosenstive silver halide and an initially substantially colorless compound of the formula:
  • a and B are selected from the group consisting of heterocyclic and aromatic ring systems;
  • Z is selected from the group consisting of carbon and nitrogen;
  • R is hydrogen, alkyl or aryl;
  • m is 2 when Z is carbon and 1 when Z is nitrogen; and
  • Y is a group adapted to be removed by alkaline hydrolysis.
  • said film unit comprises a support carrying a photosensitive silver halide layer having associated therewith said compound.
  • a product as defined in claim 2 which comprises a plurality of layers including a support layer carrying on one surface a photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith an image-forming material which is processing composition soluble and diffusible as a function of the point-to-point degree of silver halide emulsion exposure; said initially substan tially colorless compound; and a layer adapted to receive solubilized image-forming material diffusing thereto.
  • a product as defined in claim 8 which comprises a plurality of layers including an opaque support layer carrying on one surface, in order, a silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith a dye image-forming material which is processing composition soluble and diffusible as a function of the point-to-point degree of exposure of said silver halide emulsion; said initially substantially colorless compound; reflecting means adapted to mask dye image-forming material associated with said silver halide emulsion layer subsequent to processing of the film unit; and a polymeric layer dyeable by said dye image-forming material.
  • a product as defined in claim 9 wherein said compound is a precursor of a fl-aza disubstituted amino styryl dye represented by the formula:
  • R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl and aryl; R R R and R each is selected from the group consisting of alkyl and aryl; R comprises the non-metallic atoms necessary to complete a heterocyclic ring system containing a 5 or 6 member heterocyclic nucleus; X is an acid anion; and n is 1 when R carries a negative charge and 2 when R is electrically neutral.
  • a photographic film unit as defined in claim 10 which is adapted to be processed by passing said film unit between a pair of juxtaposed pressure-applying members and which comprises, in combination:
  • a photosensitive element including a composite structure containing, as essential layers, in sequence, a first dimensionally stable layer opaque to incident actinic radiation; a photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith a dye imageforming material which is processing composition soluble and diffusible as a function of exposure of the photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer to actinic radiation; a polymeric layer dyeable by said dye image-forming material; a second dimensionally stable layer transparent to incident actinic radiation; and means securing said layers in substantially fixed relationship;
  • a rupturable container retaining an alkaline processing composition containing reflecting agent fixedly positioned and extending transverse a leading edge of said photosensitive element to effect unidirectional discharge of said container's processing composition between said dyeable polymeric layer and the photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer next adjacent thereto upon application of compressive force to said container;
  • a fi-aza disubstituted amino styryl dye in a layer intermediate said first dimensionally stable layer opaque to incident actinic radiation and said layer dyeable by said dye image-forming material.
  • a photographic film unit as defined in claim 11 including at least one acid reacting polymeric layer positioned intermediate at least one of said first dimensionally stable opaque layer and the photosensitive silver halide emulsion layer next adjacent thereto, and said second dimensionally stable transparent layer and-the dyeable polymeric layer next adjacent thereto and said processing composition comprises an aqueous alkaline processing solution.
  • said precursor is:
  • a process of forming photographic images which includes, in combination, the steps of exposing a photosensitive element comprising a plurality of layers including a support carrying on one surface a photosensitive silver halide layer and an initially substantially colorless compound of the formula:
  • a and B are selected from the group consisting of heterocyclic and aromatic ring systems;
  • Z is selected from the group consisting of carbon and nitrogen;
  • R is hydrogen, alkyl or aryl;
  • m is 2 when Z is carbon and 1 when Z is nitrogen;
  • Y is a group adapted to be removed by alkaline hydrolysis, to provide to said photosensitive layer a latent image as a function of the pointto-point degree of exposure of said photosensitive layer and contacting said photosensitive layer with an aqueous alkaline processing composition which comprises a silver halide developing agent, for a time sufiicient to develop said latent image to a visible image.
  • a process as defined in claim 21 including the step of separating said processing composition from contact with said photosensitive element subsequent to substantial visible image formation.

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US4452878A (en) * 1983-05-09 1984-06-05 Polaroid Corporation Quaternary nitrogen-containing polymers and articles including same
US20140335019A1 (en) * 2011-12-02 2014-11-13 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Compositions and methods for the treatment and analysis of neurological disorders

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JPS5560761A (en) * 1978-10-31 1980-05-08 Murata Mach Ltd Double shutter
JP3126541B2 (ja) * 1993-03-26 2001-01-22 千寿製薬株式会社 ベンゾチアゾール誘導体、その製法及びその用途

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US3579333A (en) * 1968-07-18 1971-05-18 Polaroid Corp Multicolor diffusion transfer photographic products and processes with a developing composition comprising a desensitizing agent
US3647435A (en) * 1970-06-05 1972-03-07 Polaroid Corp Integral negative/positive color diffusion transfer process film unit employing in-situ generated visible light-reflecting agent

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US4452878A (en) * 1983-05-09 1984-06-05 Polaroid Corporation Quaternary nitrogen-containing polymers and articles including same
US20140335019A1 (en) * 2011-12-02 2014-11-13 The Regents Of The University Of Michigan Compositions and methods for the treatment and analysis of neurological disorders

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DE2329495A1 (de) 1974-01-03
DE2329495C2 (de) 1983-08-18
NL7308051A (nl) 1973-12-11
NL177153B (nl) 1985-03-01
CA1012816A (en) 1977-06-28
NL177153C (nl) 1985-08-01
FR2188189B1 (nl) 1976-11-12
JPS4952638A (nl) 1974-05-22
GB1443161A (en) 1976-07-21
FR2188189A1 (nl) 1974-01-18
JPS5315654B2 (nl) 1978-05-26

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