US3794177A - Continuously operating centrifugal hydroextractor provided with a mechanical timer - Google Patents

Continuously operating centrifugal hydroextractor provided with a mechanical timer Download PDF

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Publication number
US3794177A
US3794177A US00232400A US3794177DA US3794177A US 3794177 A US3794177 A US 3794177A US 00232400 A US00232400 A US 00232400A US 3794177D A US3794177D A US 3794177DA US 3794177 A US3794177 A US 3794177A
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United States
Prior art keywords
basket
hydroextractor
disc valve
blades
valve
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00232400A
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English (en)
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B Lega
G Cecchi
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TEXFLUID SNC DI G CECCHI
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TEXFLUID SNC DI G CECCHI
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering

Definitions

  • References Ci d means provided for rotating said basket and dispens- UNITED STATES PATENTS ing member with different angular velocities.
  • This invention relates to a centrifugal hydroextractor capable of being upstream supplied by a continuous flow of material to be processed, and downstream supplying a continuous flow of centrifuged material, without it being required to stop the machine for material loading and unloading and without any stop for the material flow within the machine.
  • the present invention is particularly adapted to centrifugation of general fibrous material, either natural or artificial, such as textile staple.
  • Centrifugal hydroextractors hitherto used in textile industry are discontinuous machines essentially comprising a perforate cylindrical basket, internally of which the material is placed. When the machine is loaded, the basket is rotated, so that the soaking liquid on being subjected to the centrifugal force will exit from the basket holes.
  • centrifugal pulse operating hydroextractors essentially comprising a rotating perforate cylindrical basket which is continuously loaded, and a disk which, upon axially moving from the bottom to the opposite edge of the basket, causes the centrifuged material to be ejected.
  • centrifugal hydroextractors are used to a low extent in textile industry because of the following main reasons: squeeze rollers have to be installed ahead of these hydroextractors since the efficiency of the latter would be unacceptable when supplied with a material too rich in soaking liquid; thus, the centrifugal pulse 7 operating hydroextractors would take up a function complementary to that of the squeeze rollers, and the installation assembly would reach such costs that in most cases suggest to give up to using this type of machines; substantial drains in driving power due to recipbeing used alone in textile industry only when a low degree of dehydration is deemed acceptable, substantially cannot yet replace in common use the discontinuously operating hydroextractors, and this notwithstanding the disadvantages in the latter.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a centrifuge or hydroextractor overcoming the above mentioned disadvantages.
  • a continuously operating hydroextractor particularly for fibrous material processing, is characterized by comprising a rotating basket and a dispensing member for the material to be processed rotating coaxially and internally of said basket; the side walls of said basket being substantially shaped as a frustrum of cone, the basket also having a bottom wall, while said dispensing member is provided with guide surfaces defining paths from the center to the side walls of the basket for the continuously fed material; a disc valve fast with the dispensing member closing said basket at top; the disc valve having a central aperture for loading and at least two side apertures for unloading the processed material; the hydroextractor also comprising means for rotating at different speeds said basket and said dispensing members and disc valve, whereby the material to be processed, as fed centrally of said dispensing member, is radially guided by the latter to the side walls of the basket so that the centrifugal force action can cause the material to naturally slide on said guide surfaces.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical section of the entire hydroextractor according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view showing a first type of machine with the omission of the picker
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view similar to that in FIG. 2, but for a second type of machine having a reversed relative motion with respect to the hydroextractor in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to that in FIG. 4, but for a third type of machine fitted with a double disc valve;
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 77 of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a fragmentary schematic sectional view taken along line 8-8 of FIG. 9, showing an epicyclic controller train for the hydroextractor according to the invention
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line 9-9 of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a scheme showing the circulation of the mechanical power
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 are fragmentary sectional views showing the hydroextractor and epicyclic controller train as constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 13 shows an exemplary hydroextractor provided with a three-blade dispenser
  • FIG. 14 shows a modified form for the dispenser blades.
  • the hydroextractor substantially comprises an outer rotating basket 15, internally and coaxially of which a dispensing member 16 rotates, the latter being partially shown in FIG. 1 and more fully described in the following.
  • the basket 15 has frustro-conical side wall having holes 17 for the passage of water therethrough and a bottom wall 18 made integral with a hollow shaft 19 pivoted by suitable bearings and passing through the bottom of a trough 20 which, in turn, is carried by spring suspensions 21 from a base 22 for resting on the ground.
  • the dispenser 16 comprises a lower disc 23, kept slightly apart from the bottom wall 18 of the basket and made integral with a drive shaft 24 reent hereinafter. If desired, the holes 17 could also be omitted and the water emerge from the slit between the edge of basket and said disc valve 33.
  • the trough is closed at the top by a bonnet or cylindrical structure, the bottom portion 27 of which embraces the basket 15 and along with the underlying trough 20 defines a chamber 27 for collecting the water from the basket 15 due to the centrifugation of the material within said basket.
  • This chamber 27' communicates through an outlet 28 on the bottom of trough 20 with a discharge piping 29 emerging laterally of the machine base 22.
  • the top portion 30 of the closing bonnet for said trough forms a collecting chamber 31 of a picker for the centrifuged material.
  • This picker substantially comprises the portion 30 of said bonnet and a rotating bottom formed of the disc valve 33 and is sidewise provided with a discharge outlet 32.
  • the portion 30 of said bonnet at its central zone also forms a hopper 30 for introducing the material to be centrifuged and admitted, for example, by a conveyor belt, not shown.
  • the picker 30-33 assumes an annular shape and communicates with the basket 15 through suitable apertures in the disc valve 33 making up the bottom of the picker, as described hereinafter.
  • the centrifuged material from the inside of basket 15, after passing the disc valve 33 as set forth in the following will discharge in the picker, where the material turns either by inertia or because of rotation of the entire bottom 33 until encountering the discharge outlet 32, exiting therefrom at such a speed that it is routed to a next machine arranged for a processing subsequent to centrifugation process.
  • an electric motor 34 is supported and by means of a hydraulic clutch 35 rotates the pair of driving pulleys 36, 37 (FIG. 1) which are rigidly interconnected.
  • This hydraulic clutch is effective to facilitate both the machine startings and counter-current braking thereof.
  • a pair of belts 38, 39 connect the pulleys 36, 37 to a second pair of independent pulleys 40 and 41 controlling an epicyclic controller train 42 to be described hereinafter.
  • the different diameters of the four pulleys establish the difference in the speed of rotation of pulleys 40 and 41.
  • This difference in speed of rotation between the pulleys 40 and 41 is transmitted to the above mentioned pair of coaxial shafts 19, 24.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 showing a single disc valve machine, a more detailed description will be now given for the construction features of said despensing member and disc valve making up, as a whole, a timing device, the function of which is to retain the material to be processed for a predetermined time within the basket so as to carry out the desired degree of dehydration of the material.
  • the dispensing member comprises a flat base or plate 23 and a pair of vertical blades 25, 26 opposite to and spaced apart from each other, conjunctly defining paths leading the fed material from center to walls of basket 15, so that, due to the centrifugal force, the material will slide naturally on the surface guides of said blades.
  • each of the blades have a first straight length 25, 26 parallel arranged to a diameter of basket 15, followed by a second curve length 25", 26" which is bent in an opposite direction to that of the relative motion of the blade.
  • this difference in speed of rotation between the basket and timer is extremely small and in the order of fractions of a turn as a result of the centrifugation period required by the material.
  • the basket is rotated at about 1,000 r.p.m. and the dispenser is rotated at about 999.25 r.p.m.
  • the curvature of the blades should be such that the material paths are so directed that the material never impinges the outlet edge of the blades and impales between said edge and the inner basket face.
  • the material to be centrifuged from the hopper 30' on passing through the central hole 50 in the disc valve 33, will continuously fall down on the underlying dispenser and slide by centrifugal force along the blades 25 and 26 to the walls of basket 15 where it adheres, while being prevented from exiting out of the basket by the disc valve 33.
  • the shape of the mechanical timer 23, 25, 26, 33 which is an essential element in the invention, is such as to render the hydroextractor capable of also centrifuging the textile staple, which for its fibrous nature tends to wrap about any mechanical member being impinged by a flow of said staple, upon accumulation, stopping said flow and which, offering one of the major merits in the length of its fibers, cannot undergo mechanical strains which would impair its commercial value.
  • the machine can be loaded along its axis of rotation, where the speeds due to rotation tend to cancel, enabling the material to be collected by the blades without undergoing undue acceleration stresses; then to be gradually accelerated along its path on the blades until being laid on the basket, where it arrives without any possibility of being retained by the unavoidable connection members of the disc valve with the associated driving shaft.
  • the angular spacing between the discharge ports of the valve disc and the outlet edges of the blades is constant in time, and therefore, also because of the constancy in the speed of relative rotation between the basket and mechanical timer, the centrifugation time of the material is constant, thus ensuring the uniformity in dehydration thereof.
  • a machine provided with a plurality of disc valves could be used.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 of the appended drawings An exemplary machine having two disc valves is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 of the appended drawings, wherein the unaltered parts are still designated by the same reference numerals.
  • the dispenser is comprised of the disc 55 carrying at the top a pair of vertical blades 56, 57, the construction of which is quite identical to that for the previously mentioned blades, but of a height obviously less than that of the basket, which blades are in turn made fast with a first intermediate disc valve 58.
  • Said intermediate disc valve 58 is provided with a central hole 59 for material loading, outlet ports 60, 61 for discharging the centrifuged material to the upper zone of basket 15, and is made fast with a second disc valve 62 closing the basket at the top.
  • this disc valve 62 is provided with a central hole 63 communicating through a conduit with the aperture 59 of the underlying disc valve 58 and has ports 64, 65 for unloading the material into the overlying collecting means (not shown in FIGS. 6 and 7).
  • the location of ports 60, 61 of the first disc valve 58 corresponds to that as shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4, depending on the direction of the relative motion for the timer relative to basket 15, while the location of ports 64 and 65 of the second disc valve 62 is angularly offset, with respect to the location of the ports of the underlying disc valve in the same direction the latter are offset with respect to the dispenser blades.
  • the flat shape of the disc valve is such that the centrifugal force the material is subjected to is parallel to the valve surface, reducing the adherence of the material to said valve, thus assuring the operation of the machine; as a matter of fact, should as a limit the valve be conical as the basket, but with a tapering opposite to that of the basket, the material would offer a same adherence on the basket and valve and indifferntly could follow the motion of either, compromising the operation of the machine.
  • tabs 17' could be mounted on the inner surface of the latter and preferably extend along the cone generatrices or maximum slope lines and thus such as not to obstruct the material flow during unloading.
  • the pulley 40 made fast with the outer shaft 19, also forms the carrier for the epicyclic controller train.
  • three pins 70, 71 and 72 are firmly coupled thereto at 120 (FIGS. 8 and 9), on each of which two sets of idle bevel pinions 73, 74 and 75, 76 rotate.
  • a gear 77 is keyed on the inner shaft 24 and drives it, while the double idle wheel 78, 79 and the pinion 80 integrally connected by the cup 81 to pulley 41 idly rotate on the lower portion 24' of said shaft.
  • the movement from the pulley 41 is transmitted to the pinion 80 comprising the first wheel of the train, the pinion rotates on pins 70, 71 and 72 the first set of bevel pinions 75, 76 driving the double idle wheel 78, 79.
  • the latter in turn controls the second set of bevel pinions 73, 74 of each pin and hence the gear 77.
  • the gear ratios for the several gear couplings may be such as to obtain the required ratio to attain the above mentioned objects.
  • FIG. 10 The circulation scheme for the mechanical power is shown in FIG. 10.
  • the circulating power P1 is indicated as generated by the friction of the centrifuged material 83 diagrammatically shown in FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 11 of the appended drawings a fragmentary longitudinal section has been shown for an actual constructive form of a hydroextractor provided with a disc valve according to the invention, while in FIG. 12 a partly front and partly sectional view has been shown for an actual constructive form of the epicyclic controller train.
  • the same reference numerals have been used for the characteristic parts of the machine as those used for describing the preceding figures, while other references have been used for the several parts.
  • the dispenser has been sectioned on a plane normal to the direction of the blades.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 will now be described in brief.
  • the bottom wall 18 of the frustro-conical basket 15 is formed of two parts, of which one is directly attached to the outer hollow shaft 19 and the other is attached to the former by suitable bolts.
  • the edge of the second bottom wall 18 is shaped as a frustrum of cone to form the seating against which the lower edge of basket 15 bears and is secured.
  • a cylindrical wall 90 on the bottom of trough 20 surrounds the basket bottom 18 to prevent the water from entering the mechanical drive of the machine.
  • the lubrication for the bear ings of the outer shaft 19 is carried out by a pump on the pulley 40, enabling the oil to circulate through the conduit 91 and said bearings.
  • dispenser base disc 23 and disc valve 33 have seen made integral to each other by suitable uprights 93 bolted to the ends thereof.
  • FIG. 12 a constructive form of the epicyclic controller train has been shown and it will be seen that the carrier comprising the grooved pulley 40 has been made fast with the shaft 19 and that the gear 77 comprising the last wheel for the train has been made fast with shaft 24. It will be also seen that the cup 81 supporting the second grooved pulley 41 has been bolted to a block 96 idly rotating relative to the lower end 24 of shaft 24 and axially supported by thrust bearings 97 from an underlying block 98 directly attached to the end of portion 24' of said shaft. Suitable gaskets provide for a sealing between the rotating parts.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 showing an actual construction of the machine according to the invention, have been briefly described as substantially within the inventive priciples above fully set forth and because the constructive details of the machine can be anyhow varied without departing from the covering scope of the invention.
  • FIG. 13 it will be seen that therein a diagrammatic view is shown for a hydroextractor, the dispenser of which comprises three blades 100, 101 and 102 angularly spaced apart from one another by same angles and all of which facing the same direction.
  • the disc valve 103 has a same number of discharge ports 104, 105 and 106, each of which angularly offset relative to the associated blade as above set forth.
  • the amount of blades could be increased by following the above given teachings.
  • FIG. 14 showing an exemplary hydroextractor provided with a two blade dispenser, in which it will be seen that on the back of each blade 107, 108 a curved surface 109 is so provided as to form an air gap with the inner surface of basket 15, this air gap increasing in an opposite direction of the relative motion for the dispenser with respect to the basket, and this to enable any material being supplied thereto to be dragged along by the basket 15. Morevoer, at the rear edge of each discharge port a baffle element 111, 112 has been applied to facilitate the outlet of the material when being unloaded and to prevent the material from inserting between the basket and blade; the term rear should be intended related to the relative motion of the material with respect to the disc valve.
  • a continuously operating hydroextractor, particularly for fibrous material processing, comprising, in combination:
  • a dispensing member rotatably mounted coaxially with and internally of said basket, and provided with at least one material guide surface defining a path from the axis to the basket side wall and arranged for a centrifugal force to be effective in causing material being processed to naturally slide thereon;
  • valve means connected to said dispenser member for rotation therewith and covering the basket at a top thereof, and including at least one discharge port arranged for discharging process material from the basket, the port being arranged at a predetermined angular spacing from the guide surface path for allowing a constant centrifugation time of the material being processed;
  • a hydroextractor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the dispenser member comprises two opposite blades, each of which having a central straight portion parallel to a same diameter of the basket, and an end portion adjacent the basket wall oriented in an opposite direction to the relative motion of the blades with respect to said basket.
  • a hydroextractor as claimed in claim 2 comprising a fixed collecting member placed at the top of said basket and communicating therewith by the ports of the disc valve to collect the processed material and discharge it through a side outlet, said collecting member having a rotating bottom wall.
  • a hydroextractor as claimed in claim 2 comprising a plurality of disc valves made fast with one another, of which a first lower disc valve is fast with said dispensing member and at least one disc valve overlying and spaced apart from the former; each disc valve having a central aperture connected by a conduit to the central apertures of the remaining valves to define a supply path to the dispenser member for the material to be processed.
  • a hydroextractor as claimed in claim 2 wherein said dispenser member comprises at least two blades spaced apart from one another by equal angles and defining said paths, the height of the dispenser blades being less than that of the basket.
  • each blade has on its back an additional curved surface gradually approaching an inner surface of the basket in the direction of the relative motion of said blade with respect to the basket.

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US00232400A 1971-03-23 1972-03-07 Continuously operating centrifugal hydroextractor provided with a mechanical timer Expired - Lifetime US3794177A (en)

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US (1) US3794177A (US06420036-20020716-C00037.png)
JP (1) JPS5112749B1 (US06420036-20020716-C00037.png)
BE (1) BE781115A (US06420036-20020716-C00037.png)
DE (1) DE2213688A1 (US06420036-20020716-C00037.png)
FR (1) FR2130723B1 (US06420036-20020716-C00037.png)
GB (1) GB1360913A (US06420036-20020716-C00037.png)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5401423A (en) * 1991-11-27 1995-03-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerator disc
US5520605A (en) * 1991-12-31 1996-05-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method for accelerating a liquid in a centrifuge
US5527258A (en) * 1991-11-27 1996-06-18 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerating cone
US5651756A (en) * 1991-11-27 1997-07-29 Baker Hughes Inc. Feed accelerator system including feed slurry accelerating nozzle apparatus

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5341451U (US06420036-20020716-C00037.png) * 1976-09-03 1978-04-10
DE202005001539U1 (de) * 2005-02-01 2006-06-14 Westfalia Separator Ag Separator mit einem Kurzspindelantrieb
CN113403781A (zh) * 2021-07-13 2021-09-17 林彬 一种羊毛清洗后脱水装置
CN115371383A (zh) * 2022-08-01 2022-11-22 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院佳木斯分院 一种具有除尘除杂效果的热泵连续式粮食干燥装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752043A (en) * 1953-11-12 1956-06-26 Machf Reineveld N V Methods for dewatering material in a centrifugal machine
US3483991A (en) * 1969-05-07 1969-12-16 Pennwalt Corp Screen centrifuge apparatus
US3707235A (en) * 1971-03-19 1972-12-26 Sweco Inc Wastewater concentrator with plural distributors

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1572611A (en) * 1924-06-21 1926-02-09 Laughlin Filter Corp Method and centrifugal separator for separating solids from liquids
DE570547C (de) * 1931-01-18 1933-02-22 Octir Officine Costruzione Tes Schleudermaschine, insbesondere fuer Textilfasern

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752043A (en) * 1953-11-12 1956-06-26 Machf Reineveld N V Methods for dewatering material in a centrifugal machine
US3483991A (en) * 1969-05-07 1969-12-16 Pennwalt Corp Screen centrifuge apparatus
US3707235A (en) * 1971-03-19 1972-12-26 Sweco Inc Wastewater concentrator with plural distributors

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5401423A (en) * 1991-11-27 1995-03-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerator disc
US5527258A (en) * 1991-11-27 1996-06-18 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerating cone
US5651756A (en) * 1991-11-27 1997-07-29 Baker Hughes Inc. Feed accelerator system including feed slurry accelerating nozzle apparatus
US5658232A (en) * 1991-11-27 1997-08-19 Baker Hughes Inc. Feed accelerator system including feed slurry accelerating nozzle apparatus
US5520605A (en) * 1991-12-31 1996-05-28 Baker Hughes Incorporated Method for accelerating a liquid in a centrifuge
US5551943A (en) * 1991-12-31 1996-09-03 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerating vane apparatus
US5632714A (en) * 1991-12-31 1997-05-27 Baker Hughes Inc. Feed accelerator system including accelerating vane apparatus
US5840006A (en) * 1991-12-31 1998-11-24 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerating vane apparatus
US6077210A (en) * 1991-12-31 2000-06-20 Baker Hughes Incorporated Feed accelerator system including accelerating vane apparatus

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JPS5112749B1 (US06420036-20020716-C00037.png) 1976-04-22
FR2130723A1 (US06420036-20020716-C00037.png) 1972-11-03
BE781115A (fr) 1972-07-17
GB1360913A (en) 1974-07-24
DE2213688A1 (de) 1972-10-05
FR2130723B1 (US06420036-20020716-C00037.png) 1976-10-29

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