US3790339A - Cylindrical elongated furnace for treating material at high temperature in a gaseous atmosphere under high pressure - Google Patents

Cylindrical elongated furnace for treating material at high temperature in a gaseous atmosphere under high pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3790339A
US3790339A US00367101A US3790339DA US3790339A US 3790339 A US3790339 A US 3790339A US 00367101 A US00367101 A US 00367101A US 3790339D A US3790339D A US 3790339DA US 3790339 A US3790339 A US 3790339A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
insulating material
insulating
furnace
furnace according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00367101A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Larker
S Isaksson
M Lindberg
G Granberg
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ABB Norden Holding AB
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ASEA AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE07782/72A external-priority patent/SE363958B/xx
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
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Publication of US3790339A publication Critical patent/US3790339A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses
    • B30B11/002—Isostatic press chambers; Press stands therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0014—Devices wherein the heating current flows through particular resistances

Definitions

  • the furnace chamber is insulated from the walls of the [30] Forelgn Apphcanon Pnomy Data pressure chamber by a cylindrical casing having gas- June 13, Sweden.., impermeable tubes arranged one inside the other D80. 29, 1972 Sweden..' 17130/72 a insulati n between them At least one layer of insu. lating material in the casing. engages only the outer or US. Cl. inner surface of one tube and is Spaced from the ad- Int- Cl.
  • the present invention relates to a cylindrical elongated, preferably vertical furnace for simultaneous treatment of material at high temperatures, up to 1,500C, in a gaseous atmosphere under high pressure, preferably 500 bar and above.
  • the furnace chamber In high pressure furnaces the furnace chamber must be insulated from the walls of a pressure chamber since these must be kept below a certain temperature to avoid unduly affecting their strength and since the heat losses must be kept down in order to be able to reach the desired temperature at all with a reasonable supply of power.
  • the thickness of the insulation must also be kept down since the pressure chamber space is expensive and the cost of the pressure chamber increases sharply with increased diameter. The insulation is therefore an extremely important part in a pressure furnace.
  • the furnace according to the invention comprises a cylindrical pressure chamber consisting of a high pressure cylinder with end closures projecting into it, pressure-absorbing members which take up the axial forces exerted on the end closures, and a furnace chamber arranged in the pressure chamber and insulated from the walls of the pressure chamber by a cylindrical casing having gas-impermeable tubes arranged one inside the other with insulation arranged between them, an insulating lid and an insulating bottom. It is substantially characterisedin that there is at least one layer of insulating material in the casing, one side of said insulating material abutting the outer or inner surface of a tube and the other side facing a space filled with gas.
  • the tubes are generally made of sheet-metal tubing and the insulating material is a fibrous material. This is kept pressed against one side of a tube by strips or clamp rings which may be arranged helically in or around the insulating material. The rings or strips may be resilient. It is also possible to glue a layer of insulating material in or on the tube. At the high temperatures occurring in furnaces of this type, it may be necessary in certain cases to use ceramic substances as the adhesive material. A layer of insulating material may be placed both internally and externally on a tube.
  • the insulating material may be a felt-like material and the insulating layer may consist of one or more layers of an insulating blanket which is wrapped around a tube or applied inside a tube.
  • FIG. 1 shows a pressure furnace
  • FIG. 2 shows,on a larger scale, an insulating casing in the furnace in the area indicated at A-A in FIG. 1'
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of this casing
  • FIG. 4 is a casing of alternative design
  • FIG. 5 a detail of the casing of FIG. 4.
  • 1 designates a press stand which is arranged to be movable between the position shown in FIG. 1 and a position where it surrounds the pressure chamber 2.
  • the press stand is of the, type consisting of yokes 3 and 4, intermediate spacers 5 and a prestressed strip casing 6 holding it together.
  • the stand is carried by wheels 7 running on rails 8.
  • the high pressure chamber 2 is supported by a pillar 9. It comprises a high pressure cylinder 10 constituted by an inner tube 11, a surrounding, pre-stressed strip casing 12 and end rings 13 which hold the strip casing together axially and provide attachments forbrackets 14 by means of which the chamber is attached to the pillar '9.
  • the chamber has an upperend closure 15 which projects into the tube 11 of the high pressure chamber. Between the tube and the end closure is a sealing ring 16.
  • the furnace chamber 17, in which the charge 18 is inserted, is surrounded by an insulating casing 19 which is suspended in the upper end closure 15 and gas-tightly connected to it.
  • an insulating lid 21 which is connected by an attachment ring 22 to the attachment ring 23 of the casing 19.
  • a gas channel 24 for the supply of pressure medium and a lead-in 25 for an electric cable 26.
  • the channel 24 opens into the gap 27 between the tube 10 and the sheath 19.
  • heating elements 28 supported by a tube 30.
  • the pressure chamber has a lower end closure consisting of an annular part 32 permanently arranged in the cylinder l0 and a bottom 33 projecting into the cylinder with an insulating bottom 34. Between the tube 10 and the part 32 and between the part 32 and the bottom 33 are seals 35 and 36.
  • the bottom '33 is attached by a bracket 37 to a sleeve 38 running along a guide 40 which is attached to the pillar 9.
  • the bottom 33 can be raised and lowered by an operating cylinder 41, the piston rod 42 of which is attached to the bracket 43 on the sleeve 38.
  • the casing 19 comprises three concentric tubes 44, 45 and 46, all of which are suspended from the attachment ring 23.
  • the tube 45 is firmly attached at its lower end to thering 47, whereas the tubes 44 and 46 can move freely in relation to ring 47 as they expand or contract to different lengths when heated or cooled.
  • the space between the tubes 44 and 45 is filled with insulating material 48 which will stand high temperatures.
  • Outside the tube 45 is a layer 50 of insulating material, one side of which lies only or substantially only against the tube 45 and the other side of which faces the gap 53 between the layer of insulating material 50 and the tube 46. This is kept in place by a helically wound, slightly resilient strip 51.
  • the compression of the insulating layer effected by the strip has a dampening effect on the ,vertical gas circulation through the insulating layer.
  • the insulating layer 50 may consist of a felt material sold under the name Fiberfrax," or of a felt material constructed of carbon fibers.
  • the tube 45 may be made of stainless steel, molybdenum or in an alloy sold under the name l-Iastaloy X.” It is feasible to use ceramic tubes onto which an insulating material has been glued or graphite tubes onto which carbon felt has been secured with carbon fibers.
  • the resilient strips are also preferably made of the materials mentioned. For a felt thickness of 12 mm which, after application, is compressed to 6 8 mm in thickness, l mm is a suitable spacing between the turns of the strip 51.
  • the spacing between the clamping-elements must be less than 10 times, preferably less than 5 times, the thickness of the insulating layer compressed by these elements.
  • FIG. 3 shows how with a sheet-metal ring 52, which is secured at the upper end to the wall 45 and has an outward projection at its lower end extending partly through the width of the layer 48, the vertical gas circulation in the gap between the tubes 44 and 45 can easily be reduced if there is any damage to the insulating layer 48.
  • 60 designates an insulating casing which is intended to be suspended from the upper end closure of a pressure chamber.
  • the casing comprises three concentric sheet-metal tubes which are secured at the top in an attachment ring 64.
  • the outer tube 63 has a lower guide ring 65.
  • the inner tube 61 is guided by the opening 66 and the tube 62 by the groove 67 in the ring 65.
  • Between the tubes 61 and 62 is a layer of extremely heat-resistant insulating material 68.
  • Outside the tube 62 is a layer ofa porous insulating material 69 comprising one or more layers of a web of fibrous material. This is kept pressed against the sheet-metal tube 62 by a number of rings or a helically wound strip 70.
  • the tube 63 is provided with insulating layers 71, 72 both on the inside and the outside. These layers are pressed against the tube by rings or strips 73 and 74, respectively. One side of the insulating layers 68 and 71 faces the gap 75 between the layers. One side of the insulating layer 72 faces a space filled with gas between the insulating layer around the tube 1 1 of the surrounding pressure chamber '10.
  • Cylindrical elongated furnace for treating material at high temperature in a gaseous atmosphere under high pressure, including a cylindrical pressure chamber comprising a high pressure cylinder with end closures projecting into it, pressure-absorbing members which take up the axial forces exerted on the end closures, a furnace chamber arranged in the high pressure chamber, means insulating the furnace chamber from the walls of the pressure chamber comprising a cylindrical casing having gas-impermeable tubes arranged one inside the other with insulation arranged between them, an insulating lid and an insulating bottom, in which there is at least one layer of insulating material in the casing, one side of said insulating material abutting one of the outer and inner surfaces of a tube and the other side facing a space filled with gas.
  • the insulating casing includes three tubes arranged one inside the other, the insulating material including a layer of insulating material abutting only'the central tube.
  • t t l l insulating layer com- Disclaimer 3,790,339.Hms Larker, Sven-Erik I saicsson, and Mats Lindberg, Robertsfors,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
US00367101A 1972-06-13 1973-06-05 Cylindrical elongated furnace for treating material at high temperature in a gaseous atmosphere under high pressure Expired - Lifetime US3790339A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE07782/72A SE363958B (de) 1972-06-13 1972-06-13
SE1713072 1972-12-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3790339A true US3790339A (en) 1974-02-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00367101A Expired - Lifetime US3790339A (en) 1972-06-13 1973-06-05 Cylindrical elongated furnace for treating material at high temperature in a gaseous atmosphere under high pressure

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3790339A (de)
JP (1) JPS559633B2 (de)
AT (1) AT328756B (de)
CA (1) CA982816A (de)
CH (1) CH558509A (de)
DE (1) DE2328020C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2188810A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1425329A (de)
IE (1) IE37787B1 (de)
IT (1) IT984681B (de)
NL (1) NL7308063A (de)
NO (1) NO132606C (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3993433A (en) * 1975-05-27 1976-11-23 Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget Cylindrical elongated furnace for treating material at high temperature in a gaseous atmosphere under high pressure
US4283172A (en) * 1978-09-06 1981-08-11 Asea Aktiebolag Hot isostatic pressure furnace with enhanced insulation properties
US20130334232A1 (en) * 2011-01-07 2013-12-19 Avure Technologies Ab Welded sealing of pressure cylinder vessel

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE389958B (sv) * 1975-04-25 1976-11-22 Asea Ab Cylinderformad langstreckt ugn for behandling av material vid hog temperatur i en gasatmosfer under hogt tryck
DE2755299A1 (de) * 1976-12-20 1978-06-22 Asea Ab Zylinderfoermiger langgestreckter ofen zur behandlung von material unter hoher temperatur und hohem druck
JPS56134338U (de) * 1980-03-14 1981-10-12
DE3621996A1 (de) * 1986-07-01 1988-01-14 Pfeiffer Vakuumtechnik Anlage zum waermebehandeln von werkstoffen im vakuum und unter druck
DE8620411U1 (de) * 1986-07-30 1986-09-18 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Thermische Isolierung für Hochdrucksinteröfen
DE3625788A1 (de) * 1986-07-30 1988-02-04 Degussa Hochdrucksinterofen
DE3826651A1 (de) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-08 Pfeiffer Vakuumtechnik Abdichtung fuer eine thermische isolation
CN104501595B (zh) * 2014-11-28 2016-06-15 张家港市华孚实业有限公司 一种用于保温材料的加工装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2421148A (en) * 1942-06-12 1947-05-27 Automatic Elect Lab Electromagnetic relay circuit
US3185460A (en) * 1963-08-15 1965-05-25 Pacific Scientific Co Vacuum furnace
US3598378A (en) * 1968-09-12 1971-08-10 Asea Ab Furnace for heat-treating objects under high pressure
US3743132A (en) * 1971-03-12 1973-07-03 Asea Ab Vertical tube furnace for high operating pressure

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH373226A (de) * 1959-11-27 1963-11-15 Escher Wyss Ag Doppelwandiger Hohlkörper für die Aufnahme eines heissen, unter Druck stehenden gasförmigen Mediums
US3388724A (en) * 1965-04-05 1968-06-18 Exxon Research Engineering Co Submarine insulated lng pipeline
US3470303A (en) * 1967-10-09 1969-09-30 Asea Ab Vertical tube electric furnace
SE326942B (de) * 1968-10-24 1970-08-10 Asea Ab

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2421148A (en) * 1942-06-12 1947-05-27 Automatic Elect Lab Electromagnetic relay circuit
US3185460A (en) * 1963-08-15 1965-05-25 Pacific Scientific Co Vacuum furnace
US3598378A (en) * 1968-09-12 1971-08-10 Asea Ab Furnace for heat-treating objects under high pressure
US3743132A (en) * 1971-03-12 1973-07-03 Asea Ab Vertical tube furnace for high operating pressure

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3993433A (en) * 1975-05-27 1976-11-23 Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget Cylindrical elongated furnace for treating material at high temperature in a gaseous atmosphere under high pressure
US4283172A (en) * 1978-09-06 1981-08-11 Asea Aktiebolag Hot isostatic pressure furnace with enhanced insulation properties
US20130334232A1 (en) * 2011-01-07 2013-12-19 Avure Technologies Ab Welded sealing of pressure cylinder vessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2328020A1 (de) 1973-12-20
GB1425329A (en) 1976-02-18
IE37787L (en) 1973-12-13
ATA513873A (de) 1975-06-15
NO132606B (de) 1975-08-25
DE2328020B2 (de) 1976-07-22
DE2328020C3 (de) 1981-05-07
IT984681B (it) 1974-11-20
JPS559633B2 (de) 1980-03-11
CA982816A (en) 1976-02-03
NL7308063A (de) 1973-12-17
FR2188810A5 (de) 1974-01-18
NO132606C (de) 1975-12-03
CH558509A (de) 1975-01-31
JPS4963028A (de) 1974-06-19
IE37787B1 (en) 1977-10-12
AT328756B (de) 1976-04-12

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