US3789818A - Fuel injection systems - Google Patents

Fuel injection systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3789818A
US3789818A US00301587A US3789818DA US3789818A US 3789818 A US3789818 A US 3789818A US 00301587 A US00301587 A US 00301587A US 3789818D A US3789818D A US 3789818DA US 3789818 A US3789818 A US 3789818A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
valve
fuel
shuttle
cylinder
injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00301587A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Asbery
I Fenne
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CAV Ltd
Original Assignee
CAV Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CAV Ltd filed Critical CAV Ltd
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Publication of US3789818A publication Critical patent/US3789818A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/105—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive hydraulic drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/32—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing fuel delivery being controlled by means of fuel-displaced auxiliary pistons, which effect injection

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A fuel system for an internal combustion engine in cludes an accumulator for storing fuel under pressure a plurality of injection valves connected to the accumulator through a conduit a shuttle member for controlling the amount of fuel flowing to the injection valves from the accumulator during an injection stroke and an additional valve operable to permit the return of the shuttle at the other end of the injection stroke.
  • This invention relates to fuel injection systems for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine and has for its object to provide such a system in a simple and convenient form.
  • a fuel injection system in accordance with the invention comprises in combination, an accumulator for storing fuel under pressure, a fuel injection nozzle including a valve, the fuel injection nozzle having an inlet communicating with the accumulator by way of a conduit, first means for opening said valve to allow fuel to flow through an outlet of the nozzle, a further valve disposed in said conduit upstream of said valve, further means for opening said further valve, a cylinder the opposite ends of which communicate with said conduit on the opposite sides respectively of said furthervalve, a shuttle movable in said cylinder, resilient means loading said shuttle towards the end of the cylinder which communicates with the upstream side of the further valve and means for operating said valves in timed relationship with each other and with the engine with which the system is associated, the arrangement being such that with the first mentioned valve closed at the end of injection of fuel, the further valve is opened to allow the .shuttle to move under the action of its resilient loading whereafter the further valve is closed and the first mentioned valve is opened when injection of fuel is required, the shuttle when the first mentioned valve is opened
  • an accumulator in which is stored liquid fuel at a high pressure.
  • the accumulator is provided with an inlet which communicates with the outlet ofa fuel pump 11.
  • the accumulator is provided withan outlet which communicates with a conduit 12 and this conduit communicates with an injection nozzle, three such nozzles being shown at 13.
  • Each injection nozzle includes a valve member 14 which can be moved to the open position to permit fuel-from the conduit toflow through an outlet 14a into a combustion space of the associated engine.
  • the valve members 14 are provided with armatures 15 which are associated with solenoids 16 respectively.
  • each valve member has an extension which terminates in a piston 17 slidable within a cylinder the closed end of which communicates with the accumulator by way of a conduit 18.
  • the size of the piston 17 is such that with accumulator pressure existing in both conduits 12 and 1 8, the valve members 14 will be held in the closed position but they can be opened to permit fuel to flow through the outlets 14a by energising the respective solenoids 16.
  • valve 19 is disposed in the conduit 12 upstream of the valves 13.
  • the valve 19 is of similar construction to the valves 13.
  • a cylinder 20 In order to control the quantity of fuel which is supplied by the accumulator there is provided a cylinder 20 the opposite ends of which communicate with the conduit 12 on opposite sides of the valve 19 respectively. Mounted within the cylinder is a slidable shuttle 21 and this is loaded by means of a coiled compression spring 22, towards the end of the cylinder connected with the upstream side of the conduit 12.
  • valves 13 In operation, at the end of an injection period all the valves 13 wil be closed and the shuttle 21 will be in contact with a step 21a defined in the wall of the cylinder 20.
  • the valve 19 is then opened and the shuttle moves towards the other end of the cylinder under the action of the spring, the shuttle itself being pressure balanced since the opening of the valve 19 places the end of the cylinder containing the spring in communication with the accumulator.
  • the valve 19 is then closed and the appropriate valve 13 is then opened when fuel is required to be injected to the engine. As soon as a valve 13 is opened the shuttle moves against the action of the spring 22 and fuel is displaced from the end of the cylinder containing the spring, to the associated engine. Following the end of injection which occurs when the shuttle contacts the step, the valve 13 closes and the cycle is repeated.
  • the shuttle 21 is provided with a port 23 in its wall and this port communicates by way of an internal passage in the shuttle, with the end of the cylinder containing the spring. Moreover, formed in the wall of the cylinder is a port 24 which communicates with one end of a cylinder containing a spring loaded piston 25. The other end of the cylinder containing the piston 25 is maintained at a fairly low pressure.
  • the arrangement is such that during movement of the shuttle 21 against the action of its spring the ports 23 and 24 will be brought into register and when this occurs injection of fuel through the particular nozzle is terminated and the fuel displaced by the remaining stroke of the shuttle flows through the port 24 and effects movement of the piston 25 against the action of its spring.
  • the quantity of fuel delivered at part load is determined by the amount of time valve 19 is open to allow the shuttle 21 to move back towards its stop under the action of the spring.
  • the maximum fuel which can be supplied is determined by the stroke of the shuttle against the action of the spring and until the ports 24 and 25 are brought into register.
  • Piston 25 is returned under the action'of its resilient loading thereby displacing the fuel volume it absorbed at the end of the previous injection period, to drain. This movement occurs when movement of the shuttle 21 connects port 24 to drain.
  • an electric switch unit 27 is provided whereby the valves operate in the correct sequence and in timed relationship with the associated engine.
  • the switch unit 27 may be driven directly by the engine or recieve signals from the engine indicative of speed and engine position so that injection of fuel to the engine is achieved at the correct time.
  • a fuel injection system for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine and comprising in combination, an accumulator for storing fuel under pressure, a fuel injection nozzle including a valve, the fuel injection nozzle having an inlet communicating with the accumulator by way of a conduit, first means for opening said valve to allow fuel to flow through an outlet of the nozzle, a further valve disposed in said conduit upstream of said valve, further means for opening said further valve, a cylinder the opposite ends of which communicate with said conduit on the opposite sides respectively of said further valve, a shuttle movable in said cylinder, resilient means loading said shuttle towards the end of the cylinder which communicates with the upstream side of the further valve and means for operating said valve in timed relationship with each other and with the engine with which the system is associated, the arrangement being such that with the first mentioned valve closed at the end of injection of fuel, the further valve is opened to allow the shuttle to move under the action of its resilient loading whereafter the further valve is closed and the first mentioned valve is opened when injection of fuel is required, the shuttle when the first mentioned vla
  • a system as claimed in claim 1 including cooperating port means in the shuttle and cylinder whereby at a predetermined position in the movement of the shuttle against the action of its resilient loading the port means will be brought into communication so that the pressure of fuel downstream of the cylinder will be reduced to a lower value thereby to terminate injection of fuel to the engine.
  • a system as claimed in claim 2 in which the port means in the cylinder comprises a port in the wall thereof said port communicating with one end ofa cylinder containing a resiliently loaded piston.
  • valve members of said valve and said further valves are associated with pistons respectively which are subjected to the pressure of fuel within the accumulator whereby the valve members are pressure actuated towards the closed position.
  • a system as claimed in claim 4 including solenoids respectively for effecting movement of the valve members towards the open position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
US00301587A 1971-10-30 1972-10-27 Fuel injection systems Expired - Lifetime US3789818A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB5052671A GB1403363A (en) 1971-10-30 1971-10-30 Fuel injection systems

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3789818A true US3789818A (en) 1974-02-05

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ID=10456229

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00301587A Expired - Lifetime US3789818A (en) 1971-10-30 1972-10-27 Fuel injection systems

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3789818A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
JP (1) JPS5122564B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
DE (1) DE2253202A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
FR (1) FR2166933A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
GB (1) GB1403363A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
IT (1) IT966800B (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3930484A (en) * 1973-07-28 1976-01-06 C.A.V. Limited Liquid fuel pumping apparatus
US3943901A (en) * 1973-02-19 1976-03-16 Diesel Kiki Kabushiki Kaisha Unit injector for a diesel engine
US4200075A (en) * 1977-03-22 1980-04-29 Diesel Kiki Company, Ltd. Fuel injection apparatus
US4325340A (en) * 1980-07-21 1982-04-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Variable pressure fuel injection system
US5146894A (en) * 1989-03-10 1992-09-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Reservoir-type fuel injection system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2735448A1 (de) * 1977-08-05 1979-02-08 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem fuer dieselmotoren
DE4302668A1 (de) * 1993-01-30 1994-08-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE19720333B4 (de) * 1997-05-15 2007-01-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Messung von Kraftstoff, der Kraftstoffeinspritzventilen zur Einspritzung an einer Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt wird und Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2863437A (en) * 1956-01-31 1958-12-09 Bessiere Pierre Etienne Fuel injection devices for multicylinder engines
US3036565A (en) * 1960-02-09 1962-05-29 Cummins Engine Co Inc Fuel supply apparatus
US3191812A (en) * 1964-02-25 1965-06-29 Honda Gijutsu Kenkyusho Kk High pressure fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines
US3516395A (en) * 1967-02-22 1970-06-23 Sopromi Soc Proc Modern Inject Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2863437A (en) * 1956-01-31 1958-12-09 Bessiere Pierre Etienne Fuel injection devices for multicylinder engines
US3036565A (en) * 1960-02-09 1962-05-29 Cummins Engine Co Inc Fuel supply apparatus
US3191812A (en) * 1964-02-25 1965-06-29 Honda Gijutsu Kenkyusho Kk High pressure fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines
US3516395A (en) * 1967-02-22 1970-06-23 Sopromi Soc Proc Modern Inject Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943901A (en) * 1973-02-19 1976-03-16 Diesel Kiki Kabushiki Kaisha Unit injector for a diesel engine
US3930484A (en) * 1973-07-28 1976-01-06 C.A.V. Limited Liquid fuel pumping apparatus
US4200075A (en) * 1977-03-22 1980-04-29 Diesel Kiki Company, Ltd. Fuel injection apparatus
US4325340A (en) * 1980-07-21 1982-04-20 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Variable pressure fuel injection system
US5146894A (en) * 1989-03-10 1992-09-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Reservoir-type fuel injection system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2253202A1 (de) 1973-05-03
IT966800B (it) 1974-02-20
FR2166933A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1973-08-17
GB1403363A (en) 1975-08-28
JPS5122564B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1976-07-10
JPS4851134A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1973-07-18

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