US3789642A - Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes - Google Patents

Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3789642A
US3789642A US00367104A US3789642DA US3789642A US 3789642 A US3789642 A US 3789642A US 00367104 A US00367104 A US 00367104A US 3789642D A US3789642D A US 3789642DA US 3789642 A US3789642 A US 3789642A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
billet
die
mandrel
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00367104A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Nilsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Norden Holding AB
Original Assignee
ASEA AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
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Publication of US3789642A publication Critical patent/US3789642A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/007—Hydrostatic extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/217—Tube extrusion presses

Definitions

  • a press for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes includes a high pressure cylinder axially displaceable in a press PP 0.: 367,104 stand with a die insertable into the cylinder and a pressure generating punch insertable into the cylinder [30] Foreign Application priority Data to generate the pressure for extrusion.
  • a mandrel is June 12 1972 Sweden 7689/72 carried by a rod which passes through the pressuregenerating punch.
  • a hollow billet is inserted into such a structure which has the central opening there- (g1. 724?;22322/(6): through at the point adjacent the die of Smaller cross 58] Fie'ld 269 272 section than that of the mandrel.
  • the mandrel When the mandrel is advanced towards the die, it engages the narrowed portion of the bore of the billet and presses it against [56] References Cited the die, holding it there while the pressure chamber is v UNITED STATES PATENTS advanced around the billet and the extrusion takes 3,397,562 8/l968 Fuchs, Jr. 72/54 place, 3,451,240 6/1969 Sauve 72/60 3,751,957 8/1973 Nilsson 72/60 1 Claim, 5 Drawing Figures PATENTE FEB 51974 SHEET 1 BF 2.
  • the present invention relates to a method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes.
  • the forces exerted on the mandrel are taken up entirely inside the pressure chamber and transmitted to the die by a spacer tube.
  • the pressure exerted on the inner end surface of the mandrel and which must be taken up by the spacer tube is extremely high and the wall of the spacer tube must therefore be strong.
  • the pressure is F 1rd /4P if d the diameter of the mandrel and P the pressure in the pressure chamber. This pressure is between and kbar.
  • the equipment is operative and permits satisfactory charging of the pressure chamber.
  • the spacer tube takes up space in the pressure chamber which, among other things, is uneconomical.
  • Tubular pressure-generating punches have not so far been successful for pure hydrostatic extrusion, that is, extrusion without any axial force apart from the liquid pressure operating directly on the billet. Internal overpressure causes the punch to snap while external overpressure causes it to be compressed.
  • the present invention is based on a press having a tubular pressure-generating punch and a rod passing through the punch which forms a mandrel or constitutes a holder for a mandrel.
  • the method according to the invention is characterised in that a hollow billet is shaped at one end with a smaller inner dimension than the outer dimension of the mandrel and is placed opposite the pressurechamber cylinder and die with the help of manipulating devices. The end having the smaller inner dimension is placed facing the die.
  • the mandrel is than pushed into the billet.
  • the mandrel will press the billet against the die with a force dependent on the material and the size of the hole. In this way the billet can be kept in the desired position and in sealing contact with the die while the pressure chamber is closed and put under pressure.
  • FIG. 1 shows the insertion of a billet opposite the die and the pressure-chamber cylinder
  • FIG. 3 a recently closed pressure chamber
  • FIG. 4 the process just before extrusion is discontinued
  • FIG. 5 the opened pressure chamber after extrusion is complete.
  • FIG. 1 designates a horizontal press stand consisting of two yokes 2 and 3 connected to each other by a number of rods 4.
  • a high-pressure cylinder 5 is axially movable in. the press stand and can be displaced by means of a number of operating cylinders, not shown.
  • the operating cylinder is constructed of two concentric tubular parts 6a and 6b which form an annular space 7.
  • In the operting cylinder is an annular piston 8.
  • Pressure medium is supplied to the space 7 through a channel 9. The pressure-medium source is not shown. Return cylinders to move the piston 8 to the left to the positions shown in FIGS.
  • the piston 8 is connected to a tubular pressure-generating punch 10.
  • a rod 14 passes through the hole 11 in the yoke 3 and the hole 12 in the part 6b and the hole 13 in the punch 10, the front part of said rod forming a mandrel 14a and the part 14b forming a holder for the mandrel 14a.
  • the mandrel holder 14b is connected to a piston 15 slidable in a cylinder 16 attached to the yoke 3.
  • the spaces 17 and 18 on each side of the piston 15 are in communication with pressure-medium sources, not shown, through channels 119 and 20 provided with valves.
  • Near the yoke 2 is a die 21.
  • the yoke 2 constitutes the die support during an extrusion process.
  • a billet is designated at 22.
  • Seals 25 and 26 are provided in the high-pressure cylinder to seal between the cylinder 5 and the pressure-generating punch 10 and between the cylinder 5 and the die 21.
  • the piston 8 is provided with seals 27 .and 28 to seal between itself and the cylinder sections 6a and 6b.
  • the piston 15 is provided with seals 29 and 30 which seal between the piston and the cylinder 16.
  • In the opening 11 in the yoke 3 is a seal 31 which seals between the yoke and the rod 14b.
  • the mandrel 14a is provided with a seal 32 which seals between the mandrel and the pressure-generating punch 10.
  • the billet 22 is provided at the front with a cone 33 which fits the inlet cone 34 of the die.
  • the hole 35 in the billet 22 has a smaller diameter at the point 36 of the billet than the diameter of the mandrel 14a.
  • the parts of the press are in the positions shown in FIG. 1.
  • a billet 22 and a die 21 are applied between the yoke 2 and the cylinder 5 so that their center lines coincide with that of the high-pressure cylinder.
  • the billet and the die are therefore placed opposite the hole 13 in the high-pressure cylinder 5.
  • the space 17 in the operating cylinder 16 is supplied with pressure medium so that the piston 15 will displace the holder 14b and the mandrel 14a to the right.
  • the mandrel 14a moves the billet towards the die 21 and then moves the billet and the die against the yoke 3 which acts as a die support.
  • the force with which the mandrel presses the billet against the die 21 and thus against the yoke 3 is primarily determined by the grip between the' billet and the mandrel at the point 36 of the billet. If the grip is suitably selected, the billet can be kept in the position shown in FIG. 2 and the manipulating devices removed. The cylinder 5 can than be pushed in over the billet and the die to the position shown in FIG. 3. The pressure chamber 40 is now completely closed and the billet abuts the mandrel 14a and the die 21. The pressure chamber 40 is filled with oil. In this position the seals 25 and 32 are in the same plane.
  • the space 7 in the cylinder 6 is now supplied with pressure medium so that the piston 8 is displaced to the right and the pressuregenerating punch 10 is pressed into the pressure chamber 40, thus increasing the pressure therein.
  • the extrusion starts.
  • a tube 41 is formed in the gap between the man drel and the opening 42 in the die.
  • the piston 8 and punch 10 are returned to the left to their initial positions.
  • the mandrel 14a is returned a little way to the left as shown in FIG. 5, after which the tube 42 is cut and the remnants 43 of the billet and the die 21 are removed.
  • the mandrel is drawn to the left to the position shown in FIG. I the billet remnants 43 are pressed against the end surface of the pressure-generating punch 10, the mandrel 14a is removed from the billet remnants and an operating cycle is conpleted and the next can be started.
  • Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes in a press comprising a pressure chamber formed by a highpressure cylinder axially displaceable in a press stand, a die insertable into the cylinder and a tubular pressure-generating punch insertable into the cylinder to generate the pressure necessary for the extrusion process in a pressure medium enclosed in the pressure chamber and surrounding a billet to be extruded, a rod part passing through the pressure-generating punch, and a mandrel part carried by the rod part, which comprises placing a hollow billet shaped at one end with a smaller inner dimension than the outer dimension of the mandrel part in the press with the end of smaller inner dimension facing the die, pushing the mandrel part into the billet up to the point where the inner dimension is smaller than the outer dimension of the mandrel part, thereby pressing the billet against the die, and, while keeping the billet pressed against the die by the mandrel part, closing the pressure chamber and putting it under pressure to extrude the billet.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
US00367104A 1972-06-12 1973-06-05 Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes Expired - Lifetime US3789642A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7207689A SE379943B (uk) 1972-06-12 1972-06-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3789642A true US3789642A (en) 1974-02-05

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00367104A Expired - Lifetime US3789642A (en) 1972-06-12 1973-06-05 Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3789642A (uk)
JP (1) JPS4955558A (uk)
DE (1) DE2327274A1 (uk)
FR (1) FR2187435B1 (uk)
GB (1) GB1428444A (uk)
SE (1) SE379943B (uk)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2549778A1 (de) * 1974-11-07 1976-05-20 Kobe Steel Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zum hydrostatischen strangpressen
US4031732A (en) * 1974-06-07 1977-06-28 Asea Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes
US4112723A (en) * 1974-11-07 1978-09-12 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Hydrostatic extrusion apparatus
US20110107805A1 (en) * 2009-10-29 2011-05-12 Metal Industries Research & Development Centre Method for Forming an U-shaped Metal Frame

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3397562A (en) * 1966-04-08 1968-08-20 Western Electric Co Method and apparatus for the extrusion of metal tubes and billets by an initial impulsive force and the subsequent application of uniform extrusion forces
US3451240A (en) * 1965-10-25 1969-06-24 Commissariat Energie Atomique Methods of shaping metals under high hydrostatic pressure
US3751958A (en) * 1971-05-20 1973-08-14 Asea Ab Press for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes
US3751957A (en) * 1971-03-15 1973-08-14 Asea Ab Press for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3451240A (en) * 1965-10-25 1969-06-24 Commissariat Energie Atomique Methods of shaping metals under high hydrostatic pressure
US3397562A (en) * 1966-04-08 1968-08-20 Western Electric Co Method and apparatus for the extrusion of metal tubes and billets by an initial impulsive force and the subsequent application of uniform extrusion forces
US3751957A (en) * 1971-03-15 1973-08-14 Asea Ab Press for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes
US3751958A (en) * 1971-05-20 1973-08-14 Asea Ab Press for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4031732A (en) * 1974-06-07 1977-06-28 Asea Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes
DE2549778A1 (de) * 1974-11-07 1976-05-20 Kobe Steel Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zum hydrostatischen strangpressen
US4112723A (en) * 1974-11-07 1978-09-12 Kobe Steel, Ltd. Hydrostatic extrusion apparatus
US20110107805A1 (en) * 2009-10-29 2011-05-12 Metal Industries Research & Development Centre Method for Forming an U-shaped Metal Frame

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2327274A1 (de) 1974-01-03
FR2187435A1 (uk) 1974-01-18
SE379943B (uk) 1975-10-27
JPS4955558A (uk) 1974-05-29
GB1428444A (en) 1976-03-17
FR2187435B1 (uk) 1977-02-11

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