US3787128A - Ball-joint retainers for the pistons of hydraulic motors and pumps - Google Patents

Ball-joint retainers for the pistons of hydraulic motors and pumps Download PDF

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Publication number
US3787128A
US3787128A US00147794A US3787128DA US3787128A US 3787128 A US3787128 A US 3787128A US 00147794 A US00147794 A US 00147794A US 3787128D A US3787128D A US 3787128DA US 3787128 A US3787128 A US 3787128A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
retaining member
swivel ball
piston
cavity
shoe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00147794A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Maistrelli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault SAS
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
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Renault SAS
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0685—Manufacture of ball-joints and parts thereof, e.g. assembly of ball-joints
    • F16C11/069—Manufacture of ball-joints and parts thereof, e.g. assembly of ball-joints with at least one separate part to retain the ball member in the socket; Quick-release systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F01B3/0082—Details
    • F01B3/0085—Pistons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32—Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32606—Pivoted
    • Y10T403/32631—Universal ball and socket
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32—Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32606—Pivoted
    • Y10T403/32631—Universal ball and socket
    • Y10T403/32737—Universal ball and socket including liner, shim, or discrete seat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/32—Articulated members
    • Y10T403/32606—Pivoted
    • Y10T403/32631—Universal ball and socket
    • Y10T403/32811—Spring-biased

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT [21] Appl' 1470.94 This device intended essentially for maintaining the mutual swivel engagement between a swash-plate en- [30] Foreign Application Priority Data gaging shoe and a piston in a barrel-type hydraulic June 30, 1970 France 70.24191 p p or m to f t type Comprising a swivel ball rigid with the shoe and adapted to engage a corre- [52] US. Cl 403/135, 403/144 sponding cavity in the relevant piston, comprises a [51] Int. Cl. Fl6c 11/06 i g, a groo e formed in said piston cavity and engage- [58] Field of Search.
  • the present invention relates to hydraulic pumps and motors. It is applicable more particularly to hydraulic pumps and motors of the so-called in-line barrel type wherein the pistons are reciprocated in a direction parallel to the pump or motor axis and caused to slide by means of hydrostatically balanced shoes on a variableinclination plate sometimes referred to as the swashplate.
  • this indirect assembling method should be replaced by a retaining member constituting at the same time an efficient means for mechanically connecting the shoe to the piston ballor swivel joint, this latter solution being more reliable.
  • Another known retaining method consists in crimp-. ing a piston formed with a head provided with a cavity of part-spherical configuration on a shoe having a complementary part-spherical head. With this arrangement it is possible to reduce the overhang of the radial effort exerted on the piston head and to have dimensions imparting an adequate strength to the shoe and piston,
  • a retaining device is also known wherein a ring of circular radial section is fitted into a groove of semicircular radial section to prevent the part-spherical or swivel-ball from being pulled out from its matching cavity.
  • this arrangement is objectionable in that it is attended by an excessive play betweenthe ring and the ball, which is detrimental to the pump operation if this method is contemplated for assembling the shoe to the pump piston.
  • the circular section of relatively small diameter of the ring limits its use to devcie involving but relatively moderate retaining efforts.
  • the present invention provides an improved device affording notably a simplified manufacture of the piston and shoe by using materials consistent with the conditions of operation of the piston pump a considerable reduction in the degree of overhang of the radial effort exerted on the piston head, even at considerable swash plate angles simplified assembling and disassembling of the parts;
  • the device-according to this invention for retaining a swivel ball in a cavity having a surface of revolution formed with a part-spherical bottom adapted to co-act with the swivel-ball surface and comprising a swivel-ball retaining member in the form of a split ring, it characterized in that said cavity comprises a frustoconical surface portion having its major base connected to said part-spherical bottom, and that said retaining member, in the portion thereof which is to engage the surface of said swivel ball is so shaped that there is at least one fictitious tapered surface tangent to both said retaining member and said swivel ball in their zone of mutual engagement, the radial crosssectional shape of said retaining member being such that the difference between the apex half-angles of said fictitious tapered surface having the greatest possible apex angle, and the frustoconical surface of said cavity, is less than or equal to the sum of the friction angles
  • FIG. I is a part-sectional, diagrammatic view showing the retaining device of this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the retaining member
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 inclusive are diagrammatic views showing a radial section of the retaining member fitted in its piston cavity
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary section showing a modified form of embodiment of the device.
  • the surface of revolution of said cavity 3 consists of a frustoconical surface 3, having its major base connected to the part-spherical bottom 2 through a part-toroidal surface 3,,.
  • the apex half-angle of the frustoconical surface 3a will be denoted a in the following disclosure.
  • This ring of substantially toroidal configuration has its axis of revolution merged into the axis XX of the piston cavity.
  • the part-spherical surface of siwvel ball is connected to the base plate 6 through'a neck portion having a diameter D1.
  • the retaining member 4 consisting of toroidal surface cut along a length L (FIG. 2) comprises an inner surface adapted to engage the swivel ball 10.
  • one portion of the periphery of the radial section of the retaining member 4 engages a fictitious tapered surface Cl, and another portion of said periphery engages the tapered surface 3a of the piston cavity.
  • the retaining member 4 has a substantially circular radial section comprising an inner tapered surface ll having an apex half-angle B.
  • the piston I has formed in its outer end 8 a cavity 9 communicating via a small orifice 13 with the partspherical bottom 2 in order to form between the swivel ball of the shoe 4 and the aforesaid piston I an oil film at the pressure prevailing in the piston cylinder.
  • the shoe 5 is also provided with a small orifice 14 so that the same oil pressure may be obtained between the shoe 5 and the swash plate 7 slidably engaged thereby.
  • the ring 4 is positioned on the shoe 5, across the neck thereof, by divaricating the ring ends sufficiently to cause the gap L to correspond to the diameter D, of said neck. Then the swivel ball of the shoe is inserted intothe piston cavity 2, with the ri n g 4 still 4 attETevel of said neck.
  • the ring is compressed to reduce its outer radius to a value inferior to the radius R of the circular aperture leading to the frustoconical surface 3,, and eventually the ring 4 is pushed home against the swivel ball of shoe 5.
  • the shoe is ready to operate, or otherwise stated its axis can assume in relation to the piston axis anyone of the angular positons available in a cone having an axpe half-angle of the order of 20. Even if the shoe is pulled for attempting to disconnect it from the piston, the two parts will remain in their assembled condition for by properly selecting the value of angles a and B (with B always greater than a) it is possible to obtain a wedging effect while permitting a play-free assembling of the component elements of the device, with due consideration for manufacturing tolerances.
  • a retaining member 7, adapted to keep the shoes on the plate 7 with the desired play is illustrated.
  • FIG. 3 there is illustrated the effor producing an action F] of swivel ball 5 on ring 4 in a toroidal sector such as S (FIG. 2), and the reaction F of groove 3 on ring 4 in the same angular sector.
  • f, and f denote the coefficients of friction between ring 4 and ball 10, and between ring 4 and piston 1, respectively the apex half-angles of the friction cones will be m, and m such that ⁇ Tfi'fi the shoe s is pulled, due to the inertia and friction stresses, the shoe tends to move away from piston I. If this separation took place the ring 4 would move towards the shoe 5 in the direction of the arrow 15 and would even precede said shoe during this movement since the ring must reduce its diameter owing to the particular shape of the surface 3,, but this reduction in diameter can take place only if the ring is moved towards the neck of the shoe 5.
  • reaction F of groove 3 on ring 4 will lie behind the normal N to the point of contact A in relation to the direction of the arrow 15, as the groove 3 is stationary.
  • the shoe 5 may also be manufactured under very economical conditions.
  • a sintered or forged blank whether of steel or bronze, may be used to this end, complete with the sliding-contact surface and the reat part-spherical swivel ball.
  • the ring shape will be selected as a function of the retaining effort, of the necessary plays and machining tolerances.
  • this invention is also applicable to the retaining of connecting-rods on the pistons of socalled broken axis" pumps, or to the retaining of connecting-rods or links on the impeller or swash plate of pumps of the same type.
  • a retaining member in the form of a split resilient ring mounted in contact with said frustoconical surface and said swivel ball to retain said swivel ball
  • said retaining member being a unitary member and being shaped in the portion thereof which engages the surface of said swivel ball so that there is at least one fictitious tapered surface tangent both to said retaining member and to said swivel ball in their zone of mutual engagement, the radial cross-sectional shape of said retaining member being such that the apex half-angle of said fictitious tapered surface is greater than the apex half-angle of the frustoconical surface of said cavity, and the difference of these respective apex-angles being less than or equal to the sum of the friction angles at the points of contact between said retaining member and said fictitious tapered surface and between said retaining member and said frustoconical surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
US00147794A 1970-06-30 1971-05-28 Ball-joint retainers for the pistons of hydraulic motors and pumps Expired - Lifetime US3787128A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7024191A FR2094705A5 (da) 1970-06-30 1970-06-30

Publications (1)

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US00147794A Expired - Lifetime US3787128A (en) 1970-06-30 1971-05-28 Ball-joint retainers for the pistons of hydraulic motors and pumps

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US3787128A (da)
FR (1) FR2094705A5 (da)
GB (1) GB1354985A (da)

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3862807A (en) * 1972-07-21 1975-01-28 Lemfoerder Metallwaren Ag Disengageable universal joint construction
US3941493A (en) * 1973-10-11 1976-03-02 Societe Nouvelle De Roulements Device for mounting spherical piston-rod ends of barrel-type hydraulic machine
US3947139A (en) * 1974-04-22 1976-03-30 Designs For Vision, Inc. Light sources employing universally adjustable ball and socket joints
DE2903621A1 (de) * 1979-01-31 1980-08-14 Moto Meter Ag Vorrichtung zur fixierung der relativen lage zweier gegenstaende
US4241463A (en) * 1978-10-16 1980-12-30 Precision Cast Specialties, Inc. Prosthetic implant device
US4308861A (en) * 1980-03-27 1982-01-05 Board Of Regents, University Of Texas Pharyngeal-esophaegeal segment pressure prosthesis
US4724743A (en) * 1974-11-29 1988-02-16 Karl Eickmann Radial piston machine having piston shoes sealingly contained on the bed of the piston by holding pins
US4764048A (en) * 1986-03-05 1988-08-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ball-and-socket joint
US4798567A (en) * 1987-03-04 1989-01-17 Mitsuboshi Belting, Limited Power transmission belt
US5114261A (en) * 1989-07-31 1992-05-19 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Swashplate type hydraulic device having a ball joint connection
US5153976A (en) * 1992-03-23 1992-10-13 Allied-Signal Inc. Ball-and-socket assembly and method of making
US5372446A (en) * 1992-07-23 1994-12-13 Avm, Inc. Captive ball and end connector assembly
US5392693A (en) * 1994-03-02 1995-02-28 Caterpillar Inc. Piston assembly for a fluid translating device
US5490446A (en) * 1994-03-22 1996-02-13 Caterpillar Inc. Apparatus and method for a piston assembly
US5724733A (en) * 1996-08-08 1998-03-10 Caterpillar Inc. Method of producing a piston assembly
GB2361517A (en) * 1999-04-19 2001-10-24 Seneca Tech Ltd Piston and connecting rod retention
US6354757B1 (en) * 1997-02-28 2002-03-12 Thyssen Polymer Gmbh Section connector
EP1187989A1 (en) * 1999-05-06 2002-03-20 Ingo Valentin Swashplate type axial-piston pump
US20030014970A1 (en) * 1997-11-25 2003-01-23 Luk Lamellen Und Kupplungsbau Gmbh Master cylinder
US6609850B2 (en) * 2000-08-23 2003-08-26 Stabilus Gmbh Ball joint assembly for a piston-and cylinder unit
US20040054418A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-03-18 Mclean Terry Prostheses
US6802916B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2004-10-12 Honeywell International Inc. Selectively cold worked hydraulic motor/pump shoe
US20110271828A1 (en) * 2009-01-21 2011-11-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Axial Piston Machine having Bent Axis Construction
US20170314429A1 (en) * 2016-04-27 2017-11-02 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Pivot bearing of a hydraulic clearance compensation element
WO2020182199A1 (zh) * 2019-03-13 2020-09-17 青岛科而泰控股有限公司 配流滑盘副及包含该结构的柱塞泵或马达
US11247650B2 (en) * 2016-09-06 2022-02-15 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Brake device for a hydraulic motor vehicle brake system

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53109551U (da) * 1977-02-09 1978-09-01
FR2492469B1 (fr) * 1980-10-28 1985-10-31 Poclain Hydraulics Sa Ensemble d'un piston pour un mecanisme a fluide a plateau de reaction et de son patin de glissement
GB2136870B (en) * 1983-01-10 1986-06-11 Cannings John Arthur Pressurised spherical interfaces
FR2580347B1 (fr) * 1985-04-16 1989-06-02 Socalfram Dispositif d'articulation a rotule
DE3532769A1 (de) * 1985-09-13 1987-03-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kugelgelenk fuer einen bremskraftverstaerker
FR2651838B1 (fr) * 1989-09-13 1994-06-03 Automotive Prod France Ensemble de piston destine a etre utilise avec un cylindre hydraulique.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US769248A (en) * 1904-04-12 1904-09-06 Cleveland Pneumatic Tool Co Piston and piston-rod.
US2010367A (en) * 1931-06-29 1935-08-06 Clark Equipment Co Ball and socket joint
US2095381A (en) * 1933-04-14 1937-10-12 Donaldson Piston Corp Piston
CA532921A (en) * 1956-11-13 Diggins Victor Ball socket joints
US3095221A (en) * 1960-11-02 1963-06-25 Linde Eismasch Ag Piston construction

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA532921A (en) * 1956-11-13 Diggins Victor Ball socket joints
US769248A (en) * 1904-04-12 1904-09-06 Cleveland Pneumatic Tool Co Piston and piston-rod.
US2010367A (en) * 1931-06-29 1935-08-06 Clark Equipment Co Ball and socket joint
US2095381A (en) * 1933-04-14 1937-10-12 Donaldson Piston Corp Piston
US3095221A (en) * 1960-11-02 1963-06-25 Linde Eismasch Ag Piston construction

Cited By (37)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3862807A (en) * 1972-07-21 1975-01-28 Lemfoerder Metallwaren Ag Disengageable universal joint construction
US3941493A (en) * 1973-10-11 1976-03-02 Societe Nouvelle De Roulements Device for mounting spherical piston-rod ends of barrel-type hydraulic machine
US3947139A (en) * 1974-04-22 1976-03-30 Designs For Vision, Inc. Light sources employing universally adjustable ball and socket joints
US4724743A (en) * 1974-11-29 1988-02-16 Karl Eickmann Radial piston machine having piston shoes sealingly contained on the bed of the piston by holding pins
US4241463A (en) * 1978-10-16 1980-12-30 Precision Cast Specialties, Inc. Prosthetic implant device
DE2903621A1 (de) * 1979-01-31 1980-08-14 Moto Meter Ag Vorrichtung zur fixierung der relativen lage zweier gegenstaende
US4308861A (en) * 1980-03-27 1982-01-05 Board Of Regents, University Of Texas Pharyngeal-esophaegeal segment pressure prosthesis
US4764048A (en) * 1986-03-05 1988-08-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ball-and-socket joint
US4798567A (en) * 1987-03-04 1989-01-17 Mitsuboshi Belting, Limited Power transmission belt
US5114261A (en) * 1989-07-31 1992-05-19 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Swashplate type hydraulic device having a ball joint connection
US5153976A (en) * 1992-03-23 1992-10-13 Allied-Signal Inc. Ball-and-socket assembly and method of making
US5372446A (en) * 1992-07-23 1994-12-13 Avm, Inc. Captive ball and end connector assembly
US5392693A (en) * 1994-03-02 1995-02-28 Caterpillar Inc. Piston assembly for a fluid translating device
US5490446A (en) * 1994-03-22 1996-02-13 Caterpillar Inc. Apparatus and method for a piston assembly
US5724733A (en) * 1996-08-08 1998-03-10 Caterpillar Inc. Method of producing a piston assembly
US6354757B1 (en) * 1997-02-28 2002-03-12 Thyssen Polymer Gmbh Section connector
US6810787B2 (en) * 1997-11-25 2004-11-02 Luk Lamellen Und Kupplungsbau Beteiligungs Kg Master cylinder
US20030014970A1 (en) * 1997-11-25 2003-01-23 Luk Lamellen Und Kupplungsbau Gmbh Master cylinder
GB2361517A (en) * 1999-04-19 2001-10-24 Seneca Tech Ltd Piston and connecting rod retention
US6406271B1 (en) * 1999-05-06 2002-06-18 Ingo Valentin Swashplate type axial-piston pump
EP1187989A4 (en) * 1999-05-06 2003-04-02 Ingo Valentin OSCILLATING PLATE TYPE AXIAL PISTON PUMP
EP1187989A1 (en) * 1999-05-06 2002-03-20 Ingo Valentin Swashplate type axial-piston pump
US6609850B2 (en) * 2000-08-23 2003-08-26 Stabilus Gmbh Ball joint assembly for a piston-and cylinder unit
US7025182B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2006-04-11 Honeywell International Inc. Selectively cold worked hydraulic motor/pump shoe
US6802916B2 (en) 2001-06-29 2004-10-12 Honeywell International Inc. Selectively cold worked hydraulic motor/pump shoe
US20080015707A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2008-01-17 Richard Lambert Hip prostheses
US6986792B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2006-01-17 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Prostheses
US20060217814A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2006-09-28 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Hip prostheses
US20040054418A1 (en) * 2002-09-13 2004-03-18 Mclean Terry Prostheses
US8603182B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2013-12-10 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Hip prostheses
US8753404B2 (en) 2002-09-13 2014-06-17 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Hip prostheses
US20110271828A1 (en) * 2009-01-21 2011-11-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Axial Piston Machine having Bent Axis Construction
US8850953B2 (en) * 2009-01-21 2014-10-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Axial piston machine having bent axis construction
US20170314429A1 (en) * 2016-04-27 2017-11-02 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Pivot bearing of a hydraulic clearance compensation element
US10428699B2 (en) * 2016-04-27 2019-10-01 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Pivot bearing of a hydraulic clearance compensation element
US11247650B2 (en) * 2016-09-06 2022-02-15 Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg Brake device for a hydraulic motor vehicle brake system
WO2020182199A1 (zh) * 2019-03-13 2020-09-17 青岛科而泰控股有限公司 配流滑盘副及包含该结构的柱塞泵或马达

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1354985A (en) 1974-06-05
DE2132252B2 (de) 1976-06-24
DE2132252A1 (de) 1972-02-03
FR2094705A5 (da) 1972-02-04

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