US3787006A - System for pneumatically advancing a container within a duct - Google Patents

System for pneumatically advancing a container within a duct Download PDF

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Publication number
US3787006A
US3787006A US00242212A US3787006DA US3787006A US 3787006 A US3787006 A US 3787006A US 00242212 A US00242212 A US 00242212A US 3787006D A US3787006D A US 3787006DA US 3787006 A US3787006 A US 3787006A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
chamber
improvement
gas inlet
tube section
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00242212A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Coanda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INST PENTRU CREATIE STIINTIFICA SI TECHNICA RU
INST PENTRU CREATIE STINTIFIC
Original Assignee
INST PENTRU CREATIE STINTIFIC
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Application filed by INST PENTRU CREATIE STINTIFIC filed Critical INST PENTRU CREATIE STINTIFIC
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Publication of US3787006A publication Critical patent/US3787006A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G51/00—Conveying articles through pipes or tubes by fluid flow or pressure; Conveying articles over a flat surface, e.g. the base of a trough, by jets located in the surface
    • B65G51/04—Conveying the articles in carriers having a cross-section approximating that of the pipe or tube; Tube mail systems
    • B65G51/08—Controlling or conditioning the operating medium
    • B65G51/10—Controlling or conditioning the operating medium at section junctions of pneumatic systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B13/00—Other railway systems
    • B61B13/12—Systems with propulsion devices between or alongside the rails, e.g. pneumatic systems
    • B61B13/122—Pneumatic systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam

Definitions

  • a system for advancing a container along a duct comprises suction nozzles between successive duct sections, which nozzles are provided with circumferential slots through which air is introduced under pressure.
  • the slots are contoured to lead the incoming air toward a tube section which projects into the divergent part of the nozzle and defines a gas outlet between it and said divergent part.
  • This application relates to a method and apparatus for pneumatic transportation inside a tubular duct.
  • the process is characterized by the successive use of special suction and pressure nozzles of the convergentdivergent type. These nozzles are attached to the free end of sections of the said duct which are positioned upstream of the nozzles.
  • a subatmospheric pressure is produced in the ducts upstream of the nozzles which tends to draw a vehicle forwardwhile holding it suitably spaced from the wall of the upstream section of the duct and then leading it into vthe downstream section while keeping it suitably spaced.
  • nozzles are controlled by a sheet of fluid ejected at high speed through a thin annular slot a little upstream of the throat of the nozzle.
  • the principal characteristic of the present invention resides in the fact that the downstream lip of the mouth of the slot is continued as an incurved surface forming the convergent upstream part of the throat of the nozzle.
  • This convergent portion which creates a dissymmetry on opposite sides of the mouth, is the locus of a strong low pressure area producing a demand for air corresponding to a rate of flow considerably higher than that entering through the said slot.
  • the fluid injected through the slot which is usually air, forms a layer around the vehicle, which layer moves rapidly and draws the vehicle along, while supporting it and preventing it from coming in contact with the walls of the tubular duct.
  • the fluid sheet arriving through the slots produces a substantial low pressure along the lip on the side of the throat which forces this sheet to curve inwardly toward the throat of the nozzle while creating a strong suction in the convergent part thereof upstream of the slot.
  • the rapidly moving fluid layer propagates itself up to the throat of the nozzle and forms at its periphery a tubular fluid wall which moves at high speed.
  • a part of this fluid tube continues through a duct section which begins in the throat of the nozzle, and an excess portion leaves through a space between the beveled end of that duct section and the parallel wall formed by the divergent part of the said nozzle.
  • the arrangement is such as to provide a duct section, and consequently a fluid tube separating the duct section from the vehicle, so that the latter maintains its verticality without coming in contact with the walls of the duct section.
  • the successive supply of gas under pressure at the different nozzles is so carried out that the vehicle traveling along the duct receives the successive impulses necessary to its progress from the slots preceding and following the section of the duct in which the vehicle is located, and the slots in the nozzles further upstream are no longer supplied with gas after the vehicle has passed through the sections associated therewith.
  • the control means for opening and closing the supply to the nozzles may consist, for example, of electromagnetically actuated valves controlled by photoelectric cells.
  • a supply reservoir is provided for each nozzle or group of nozzles. This is opened suddenly and furnishes the quantity of air under pressure necessary to insure the progress of the vehicle to the next nozzle.
  • Another advantage of the new process resides in the fact that the various vehicles do not have any motor and serve only as containers designed to hold passengers or freight, and are completely controlled from a point outside the containers, so that the dead weight may be reduced to a substantial extent in proportion to the pay load.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal axial cross-section through one of the nozzles used in carrying out the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-section showing the position of the vehicle relative to the wall of the tubular duct;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal view of a portion of a simple installation
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-section through an electromagnetic valve of a conventional type adapted to be used to control the sudden discharge of a reservoir through one of the slots.
  • the nozzle 1 shown on FIG. ll comprises a convergent part 2 connected to a divergent part 3 by a throat 4.
  • the air used to supply the various nozzles enters the convergent part through an annular slot 5 the downstream lip of which is tangentially connected to the end 2a of the convergent part 2 of the nozzle nearest the throat 4.
  • the air supplying the slots 5 passes through an annular chamber '7 connected to a reservoir by the passageway 8. Thisair turns down toward the throat 4 of the nozzle while creating in the chamber 9 a strong suction which is transmitted to the duct section 10 so as to draw the vehicle and the fluid tube which surrounds the vehicle toward the duct section 11.
  • the shape of the bevels 12a at the end of the tube 1 l which are parallel to the walls of the divergent portion 3, of the nozzles, as well as the shape of the vehicle 16, are such as to permit it to move without friction within a section of the duct having a substantial curvature.
  • reservoirs 18 are all connected through a pipe 19 to a compressor or source of compressed air represented schematically at 20.
  • the various nozzles are brought successively into communication with the reservoir 18 connected thereto by control means actuated through conventional electrical circuits, which may include photoelectric cells, so as to provide such communication over a relatively short time corresponding to the passage of said vehicle through the corresponding nozzle.
  • control means actuated through conventional electrical circuits, which may include photoelectric cells, so as to provide such communication over a relatively short time corresponding to the passage of said vehicle through the corresponding nozzle.
  • Each reservoir 18 is then refilled over a relatively long period of time corresponding to the passage of the vehicle through the remaining portions of the tubular duct.
  • H6. 3 shows the two duct sections it) and ill of FIG. 1 and a similar tube downstream of the two tubes and carrying reference numeral 21.
  • the electromagnetic valve 23 shown on Fit). 4 is of a conventional type.
  • the chamber of this valve is in communication with a reservoir 18 containing air under pressure.
  • An electrical current is supplied to the windings of this valve through the terminal 24 and the terminal 25.
  • a rubber sealing ring may be provided between the valve member and its seat.
  • each suction nozzle comprising a chamber in open communication with said tubular duct system for allowing passage of an object from a free end of one tube section of the tubular duct system into the free end of a next tube section of the system, said tube sections having their respective free ends spaced from one another within said chamber, and said chamber having an upstream convergent portion followed by a downstream divergent portion in its interior shape in a zone generally between the free ends of said tube sections, a gas inlet means for admitting a fluid into said chamber to establish a pressure differential within said tubular duct system, said gas inlet means including a gas inlet slot communicating with the interior of said chamber through the convergent portion thereof, said gas inlet slot being formed around a circum
  • a gas outlet means in said suction nozzle providing for a release of excess gas pressure developed in the suction nozzle.
  • each gas inlet means an annular chamber which communicates with said gas inlet slot and which receives a supply of gas from a reservoir.
  • gas supply reservoirs are connected to each gas inlet means of each suction nozzle of the system, and including control means for controlling introduction of gas into successive suction nozzles of the system as an object is ad vanced through the system.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
US00242212A 1969-06-06 1972-04-07 System for pneumatically advancing a container within a duct Expired - Lifetime US3787006A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6918838A FR2049340A5 (enExample) 1969-06-06 1969-06-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3787006A true US3787006A (en) 1974-01-22

Family

ID=9035305

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00242212A Expired - Lifetime US3787006A (en) 1969-06-06 1972-04-07 System for pneumatically advancing a container within a duct

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3787006A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS4917192B1 (enExample)
DE (1) DE2019505A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2049340A5 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1299644A (enExample)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4557637A (en) * 1978-09-13 1985-12-10 The British Petroleum Company Limited Solids transfer system
US4726526A (en) * 1985-07-05 1988-02-23 Knud Erik Westergaard Automatic aspirator-transfer valve, and a jet washing apparatus comprising such a valve
US4944163A (en) * 1987-12-07 1990-07-31 Sundstrand Corporation Flow control apparatus and method
CN102774653A (zh) * 2012-07-24 2012-11-14 罗清海 自悬浮气力输送方法及输送管道结构
WO2015040194A3 (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-06-25 Antonio Zamperla S.P.A. A vehicle for amusement rides using pressurized gas to launch it
US10220972B2 (en) * 2017-03-31 2019-03-05 The Boeing Company Vacuum volume reduction system and method for a vacuum tube vehicle station
US11319098B2 (en) * 2017-03-31 2022-05-03 The Boeing Company Vacuum volume reduction system and method with fluid fill assembly for a vacuum tube vehicle station

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2154296B1 (enExample) * 1971-09-27 1975-02-07 Mouzon Nouvelle Ventilateurs
AU543020B2 (en) * 1981-03-26 1985-03-28 British Petroleum Company Plc, The Feed device
DE3123429A1 (de) * 1981-06-12 1982-12-30 Klaus 2000 Hamburg Tesch Rohrpostanlage
US10882404B2 (en) 2016-10-21 2021-01-05 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Earth fault detecting device, and electricity storage system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1753987A (en) * 1927-02-15 1930-04-08 Deutsche Telephonwerk Kabel Tubular postal system
GB319009A (en) * 1928-09-14 1930-10-23 Karl Baumgartner Improvements in and relating to pneumatic conveyors
US1835603A (en) * 1928-07-16 1931-12-08 Jr Albert E Kincaid Ejector
US2310265A (en) * 1939-09-18 1943-02-09 Robert P Sweeny Pneumatic conveying apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1753987A (en) * 1927-02-15 1930-04-08 Deutsche Telephonwerk Kabel Tubular postal system
US1835603A (en) * 1928-07-16 1931-12-08 Jr Albert E Kincaid Ejector
GB319009A (en) * 1928-09-14 1930-10-23 Karl Baumgartner Improvements in and relating to pneumatic conveyors
US2310265A (en) * 1939-09-18 1943-02-09 Robert P Sweeny Pneumatic conveying apparatus

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4557637A (en) * 1978-09-13 1985-12-10 The British Petroleum Company Limited Solids transfer system
US4726526A (en) * 1985-07-05 1988-02-23 Knud Erik Westergaard Automatic aspirator-transfer valve, and a jet washing apparatus comprising such a valve
US4944163A (en) * 1987-12-07 1990-07-31 Sundstrand Corporation Flow control apparatus and method
CN102774653A (zh) * 2012-07-24 2012-11-14 罗清海 自悬浮气力输送方法及输送管道结构
CN102774653B (zh) * 2012-07-24 2014-12-03 罗清海 自悬浮气力输送方法及输送管道结构
WO2015040194A3 (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-06-25 Antonio Zamperla S.P.A. A vehicle for amusement rides using pressurized gas to launch it
US10220972B2 (en) * 2017-03-31 2019-03-05 The Boeing Company Vacuum volume reduction system and method for a vacuum tube vehicle station
US10745160B2 (en) * 2017-03-31 2020-08-18 The Boeing Company Vacuum volume reduction system for a vacuum tube vehicle station
US11319098B2 (en) * 2017-03-31 2022-05-03 The Boeing Company Vacuum volume reduction system and method with fluid fill assembly for a vacuum tube vehicle station

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2049340A5 (enExample) 1971-03-26
GB1299644A (en) 1972-12-13
JPS4917192B1 (enExample) 1974-04-27
DE2019505A1 (de) 1971-11-04

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