US3781127A - Centrifugal fan inlet and vane capacity control - Google Patents

Centrifugal fan inlet and vane capacity control Download PDF

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Publication number
US3781127A
US3781127A US00262868A US3781127DA US3781127A US 3781127 A US3781127 A US 3781127A US 00262868 A US00262868 A US 00262868A US 3781127D A US3781127D A US 3781127DA US 3781127 A US3781127 A US 3781127A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
spin
vanes
inlet
cone
inlet cone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00262868A
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English (en)
Inventor
C Wood
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AMERICAN DAVIDSON Inc
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3781127A publication Critical patent/US3781127A/en
Assigned to AMERICAN DAVIDSON, INC. reassignment AMERICAN DAVIDSON, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/46—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable
    • F04D29/462—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers adjustable especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4213—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps suction ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05D2250/51—Inlet

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a centrifugal fan having an inlet cone and a rotating fan wheel, and more particularly to a centrifugal fan inlet capacity control.
  • the capacity control consists of a plurality of spin inducing inlet vanes and means to pivotably support the vanes circumferentially around the outer wall of the inlet cone.
  • the vanes may be pivoted in unison through their respective pivot axes which are adjacent the periphery of the inlet cone and generally parallel to the cone outer wall. As the vanes are pivoted away from the outer inlet cone wall, the induced spin can be thereby increased and also the volume of gas flowing through the inlet cone can be reduced.
  • centrifugal fan having a plurality of spin inducing and capacity control inlet vanes and means to pivotably support the vanes with their respective pivot axes being adjacent the inlet cone and generally parallel to the outer cone wall.
  • a centrifugal fan having an inlet cone, a rotating fan wheel, and a plurality of spin inducing and capacity control inlet vanes.
  • Means are provided to pivotably support the inlet vanes circumferentially around the outer wall of the inlet cone.
  • the pivot axes of the respective vanes are adjacent the periphery of the cone and generally parallel to the cone outer wall.
  • Control iiieans are also provided to pivot the inlet vanes in unisoii through the pivot axes, whereby when the vanes are pivoted away from the inlet cone outer wall, the induced spin will be increased and the volume of gas flowing through the inlet cone will be reduced.
  • Each spin vane is provided with a leading and a trailing spiii imparting edge with respect to the direction of rotation of the fan wheel.
  • the leading and trailing edges extend in generally opposite directions out of the plane of the spin vane surface.
  • the spin vanes and respective spin imparting edges are proportioned to enable each spin vane to overlap the preceding spin vane to substantially cause a reasonably tight, no delivery closure of the inlet cone when the spin vanes are pivoted through their pivot axes to the closed position away from the inlet cone.
  • FIG. 1 is a frontal elevation of a centrifugal fan employing an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a frontal elevation of the centrifugal fan inlet cone and the spin inducing vanes in a closed position with respect to the inlet opening;
  • FIG. 3 is a partially broken away frontal elevation of the centrifugal fan' inlet cone and the spin inducing surfaces in an Open position with respect to the inlet open-
  • FIG. 4 is a section taken along lines 4-4 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is an end view taken from lines 5-5 Of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is an alternate embodiment of the spin inducing vanes employed in the present invention.
  • FIG. I shows a centrifugal fan 1 having a casing 2 and a fan wheel 4.
  • Fan wheel 4 has a plurality of fan blades (not shown) of conventional design and is supported for rotation by means of shaft 6.
  • Shaft 6 is supported by means of any suitable support frame 30.
  • a gas to be passed through fan 1 is received by the gas inlet cone 8.
  • Inlet cone 8 consists of an outer wall 9 and an inner wall 10 and defines the inlet opening for a gas passage 12 formed through fan casing 2.
  • an inlet spin vane, capacity control arrangement is provided in the inlet portion of fan 1.
  • the spin vane arrangement includes a support ring mechanism 14 which extends around shaft 6.
  • a plurality of generally planar spin inducing and capacity control inlet vanes 16 are circumferentially disposed around inlet cone 8 and are pivotably secured to the support mechanism 14 to enable spin vanes 16 to be opened or closed relative to inlet cone 8 by a suitable control means 18 for the purpose of regulating the volume of gas flowing therethrough. (The spin vane arrangement in the relatively opened and closed positions will be more fully explained hereinafter).
  • pivot control means 18 is connected to support ring mechanism 14 and may be actuated either manually or automatically to open or close spin vanes 16 in unison.
  • a more detailed description of pivot control means 18 is not considered essential to the understanding of the instant invention.
  • the spin vane arrangement of the present invention may be employed both to reduce the opening of the axial gas passage 12 to thereby control the capacity of the fan and to also impart a spin to the incoming gas, as well known in the art, for guiding the gas in a direction coinciding with the rotating fan wheel 4 to regulate the capacity of the fan.
  • each spin vane'l6 is provided with a respective leading 20 and trailing 22 spin imparting edge with regard to the direction of rotation of fan wheel 4.
  • each spin vane and its respective leading and trailing edges are proportioned in a suitable manner, whereby each spin vane 16 may overlap its preceding vane in order to substantially decrease the volume of gas flowing through the inlet opening of gas passage 12 when the spin vanes are pivoted to a closed position with respect to inlet cone 8.
  • that portion of the inlet opening represented by arrow X of gas passage 12 can be subjected to a reasonably tight, no delivery closure.
  • the incoming gas When in the closed position with respect to inlet cone 8, the incoming gas will be subjected to the greatest flow restriction and a maximum amount of spin will also be imparted to the incoming gas with the effect of throttling the fan while producing the least amount of fan output.
  • the spin vane and capacity control arrangement is'shown with the spin inducing vanes 16 in an opened position laying down on the surface of the inlet cone 8.
  • the spin inducing vanes 16 pivoted in a wide open position, as shown, the incoming gas flowing through that portion of the inlet opening of gas passage 12 now represented by arrow Y will be subjected to a relatively minimum flow restriction. Consequently, the spin vane arrangement will impart a minimum spin to the incoming gas while the capacity of the fan and the output of the fan could be at relative maximums as compared to having the spin vane and capacity control arrangement in a generally closed position.
  • FIG. 4 of the drawings shows the pivot axes of the spin vanes for both the opened and closed positions with respect to inlet cone 8.
  • the pivot axis for the spin vanes 16 in the wide open position (corresponding also to FIG. 3 of the drawings), is generally parallel to the plane of the periphery of the outer wall 9 of inlet cone 8.
  • the spin vanes 16 are adapted to be pivoted in unison through their respective pivot axes about support mechanism 14 to or from the outer wall surface 9 of inlet cone 8 to thereby control the induced spin and volume of gas flow through inlet cone 8.
  • the pivoted position for the spin vanes 16 is shown in solid lines and is in a position substantially transverse to the direction of the gas flow, which is indicated by the arrow.
  • the spin vanes are capable of being disposed at either pivot position or at any position therebetween, with the result being that as the vanes are pivoted away from the inlet cone outer wall 9, the effective spin angle can be increased and the volume of gas flowing through the inlet cone can be reduced.
  • the support mechanism 14 for the spin vane arrangement is positioned outside the centrifugal fan casing 2 or, in the preferred embodiment, is circumferentially disposed and fixed around the periphery of the outer wall 9 of inlet cone 8. Pivot support brackets 24 are secured to inlet cone 8 in any well-known manner, such as by welding or by bolting. By disposing support mechanism 14 outside the fan casing 2, the installation and servicing of the mechanism can be greatly facilitated.
  • a universal type linkage diagrammatically shown at 26 can be used to provide effective coupling means to connect the plurality of spin vanes in order to provide a suitable coordinated control and to thereby permit the spin vanes to be pivotable in unison.
  • FIG. 5 shows one embodiment of a spin vane 16 being pivotably supported by support ring mechanism 14.
  • spin vane 16 is provided with leading and trailing spin imparting edges 20 and 22 respectively which extend out of the plane of the spin vanes in generally opposite directions and which are adapted to guide the incoming gas into a spin direction coinciding with the rotation of the fan wheel.
  • leading and trailing spin imparting edges 20 and 22 respectively which extend out of the plane of the spin vanes in generally opposite directions and which are adapted to guide the incoming gas into a spin direction coinciding with the rotation of the fan wheel.
  • FIG. 6 shows such an alternate embodiment.
  • the respective trailing spin imparting edge 22-1 can be designed to extend out of the plane of the spin vane 16 at any convenient angle, not necessarily a angle of the spin edge 22 as previously shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, which will provide a desirable induced spin in order to most effectively control the efficiency and capacity of the centrifugal fan.
  • Another obvious modification of the spin vanes would be to provide a spin imparting surface on one
  • the spin vane and capacity control arrangement of the instant invention may be of relatively low cost and can be applied to a standard centrifugal fan inlet. This arrangement can provide adequate pressure adjustment while, at the same time, reducing the horsepower requirements of the fan in a comparable manner to prior art inlet control means. With the spin vanes in a wide open position, there can be less restriction to air flow, and in a closed position, a more reasonably tight, no delivery closure can be maintained than with the conventional inlet vane control. Various other modifications will occur to those skilled in the art.
  • a centrifugal fan having an inlet cone, a rotating fan wheel, a plurality of spin inducing and capacity control inlet vanes, means to pivotably support said vanes circumferentially around the outer wall of said inlet cone with the pivot axes of the respective vanes being circumferentially extending and fixed around the periphery of the cone to be generally parallel to the plane of the periphery of the cone outer wall, and control means to pivot in'unison said inlet vanes through said pivot axes whereby said vanes may be pivoted to or from the surface of the inlet cone outer wall to thereby control the induced spin and volume of gas flow through said inlet cone.
  • each of said spin vanes is generally planar in shape, and each of said vanes is provided with a respective leading and trailing spin imparting edge with reference to the direction of rotation of said fan wheel, each of said leading and trailing edges extending in generally opposite directions out of the plane of said spin vanes.
  • each of said spin vanes is proportioned to overlap their respective preceding spin vane to substantially decrease the volume of gas flowing through said inlet opening when said spin vanes are pivoted through said pivot axes to be adjacent the periphery of the inlet cone.
  • control means is circumferentially disposed around the outer surface of said inlet cone.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
US00262868A 1972-06-14 1972-06-14 Centrifugal fan inlet and vane capacity control Expired - Lifetime US3781127A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US26286872A 1972-06-14 1972-06-14

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US3781127A true US3781127A (en) 1973-12-25

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US00262868A Expired - Lifetime US3781127A (en) 1972-06-14 1972-06-14 Centrifugal fan inlet and vane capacity control

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US (1) US3781127A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
JP (1) JPS5127482B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3447101A1 (de) * 1984-12-22 1986-06-26 Süddeutsche Kühlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr GmbH & Co KG, 7000 Stuttgart Geblaese fuer heizungs- und/oder klimaanlagen von kraftfahrzeugen
US5951245A (en) * 1997-10-06 1999-09-14 Ford Motor Company Centrifugal fan assembly for an automotive vehicle
US6092988A (en) * 1998-07-06 2000-07-25 Ford Motor Company Centrifugal blower assembly with a pre-swirler for an automotive vehicle
US20070190926A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-16 Benq Corporation Electronic device and heat dissipation module thereof
US20080187439A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 Jayanthi Iyer Blower assembly with pre-swirler
EP2050969A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-04-22 Hua-Chiang Wang Guide device for blowers
US20140003927A1 (en) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-02 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Blower assembly
US9915267B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2018-03-13 Air Distribution Technologies Ip, Llc Fan inlet recirculation guide vanes
US9951783B2 (en) 2012-11-15 2018-04-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Centrifugal compressor
EP3303848B1 (en) * 2015-06-05 2022-08-24 MTD products Inc Blower with intake closure

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103046969B (zh) * 2013-01-09 2014-09-24 于魁江 一种气动叶轮
WO2024157958A1 (ja) * 2023-01-27 2024-08-02 ニデック株式会社 流路調節機構、及び流体送出装置

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3447101A1 (de) * 1984-12-22 1986-06-26 Süddeutsche Kühlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr GmbH & Co KG, 7000 Stuttgart Geblaese fuer heizungs- und/oder klimaanlagen von kraftfahrzeugen
US5951245A (en) * 1997-10-06 1999-09-14 Ford Motor Company Centrifugal fan assembly for an automotive vehicle
US6092988A (en) * 1998-07-06 2000-07-25 Ford Motor Company Centrifugal blower assembly with a pre-swirler for an automotive vehicle
US20070190926A1 (en) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-16 Benq Corporation Electronic device and heat dissipation module thereof
US7674165B2 (en) * 2006-02-10 2010-03-09 Qisda Corporation Electronic device and heat dissipation module thereof
JP2008240726A (ja) * 2007-02-02 2008-10-09 Visteon Global Technologies Inc プレ旋回翼を備えた送風機組立体
DE102008000168A1 (de) 2007-02-02 2008-09-04 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc., Van Buren Township Gebläseanordnung mit Vordrallerzeuger
US20080187439A1 (en) * 2007-02-02 2008-08-07 Jayanthi Iyer Blower assembly with pre-swirler
EP2050969A1 (en) * 2007-10-19 2009-04-22 Hua-Chiang Wang Guide device for blowers
US20140003927A1 (en) * 2012-06-29 2014-01-02 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Blower assembly
US9618007B2 (en) * 2012-06-29 2017-04-11 Hanon Systems Blower assembly
US9951783B2 (en) 2012-11-15 2018-04-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Centrifugal compressor
EP3303848B1 (en) * 2015-06-05 2022-08-24 MTD products Inc Blower with intake closure
US9915267B2 (en) 2015-06-08 2018-03-13 Air Distribution Technologies Ip, Llc Fan inlet recirculation guide vanes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5127482B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1976-08-13
JPS4957406A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1974-06-04

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AS Assignment

Owner name: AMERICAN DAVIDSON, INC., 8111 TIREMAN AVENUE, DEAR

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORPORATION A CORP OF PA;REEL/FRAME:004386/0282

Effective date: 19841219