US3780203A - Organ system for automatically producing runs of various character - Google Patents

Organ system for automatically producing runs of various character Download PDF

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Publication number
US3780203A
US3780203A US00324238A US3780203DA US3780203A US 3780203 A US3780203 A US 3780203A US 00324238 A US00324238 A US 00324238A US 3780203D A US3780203D A US 3780203DA US 3780203 A US3780203 A US 3780203A
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United States
Prior art keywords
keys
manual
potential
source
notes
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00324238A
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English (en)
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A Petrie
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Marmon Co
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Hammond Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/18—Selecting circuits
    • G10H1/26—Selecting circuits for automatically producing a series of tones
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2210/00—Aspects or methods of musical processing having intrinsic musical character, i.e. involving musical theory or musical parameters or relying on musical knowledge, as applied in electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2210/155—Musical effects
    • G10H2210/161—Note sequence effects, i.e. sensing, altering, controlling, processing or synthesising a note trigger selection or sequence, e.g. by altering trigger timing, triggered note values, adding improvisation or ornaments or also rapid repetition of the same note onset
    • G10H2210/185—Arpeggio, i.e. notes played or sung in rapid sequence, one after the other, rather than ringing out simultaneously, e.g. as a chord; Generators therefor, i.e. arpeggiators; Discrete glissando effects on instruments not permitting continuous glissando, e.g. xylophone or piano, with stepwise pitch variation and on which distinct onsets due to successive note triggerings can be heard
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S84/00—Music
    • Y10S84/22—Chord organs

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An electronic organ system which automatically plays an arpeggio, a glissando, or a whole tone scale of notes when a supplementary miniature keyboard is stroked.
  • the miniature keyboard is under the control of the lower keyboard, (the control keys) such that holding control keys determines which miniature keys are live (will play). If no control keys are held, all miniature keys are live. 11' control keys in one whole [56] References Cited tone scale only are held, all miniature keys in the same U TED S ATE PATENTS whole tone scale are live. Others are dead.
  • the Young patent discloses an arrangement for playing an arpeggio consisting of the notes held in one of the main keyboards, or notes in octave relation thereto, by the use of a miniature keyboard having contacts for all of the notes in the scale, the Young arrangement is limited to this mode of play.
  • the present system includes this arpeggio mode of play of the Young patent, but automatically switches to one of two other modes of play when such other modes are more suitable. For example, if only one key is being held in the lower keyboard (the preferred keyboard for control purposes, although either could be used), the Young arpeggio arrangement will play only this one note and those octavely related thereto. This is considered an insufficient response to be of practical value.
  • the system of the present invention under the same conditions (only one key held in the lower manual) makes available for play on the supplementary miniature keyboard the six notes of the whole tone scale of which the note held is a member.
  • the lower manual is used to control what keys are live in the miniature keyboard, it is suggested that the response to play on the miniature keyboard be from the resources of the upper keyboard where there usually is a better selection of tones suitable for solo play.
  • either manual can be used for control and either setting or a special setting can be used to respond to the miniature keyboard, this description in the interest of definiteness will proceed upon the assumption that the lower manual keys will be used to determine the keys which are live (will play) on the miniature keyboard, but that the keyers actuated by the miniature keyboard will be those which normally respond to play upon the upper manual or separate keyers, preferably percussion keyers, using sources for the upper manual.
  • the miniature keyboard of the Young patent has no live keys. With the present system under these conditions all miniature keys are live. When 1 stroked, therefore, the system plays the complete half tone scale, more properly designated the chromatic scale. This is the most suitable response under conditions where there is no lower manual note being held which suggests some other response as being more suitable.
  • the important aspect of the invention from the musicians standpoint is that whenever the miniature keyboard is stroked, there is always some series of notes that play a run, and the series played is always suitable to the musical situation.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified circuit diagram showing a portion of the system and limited to avoid confusion to a singlefgrou'p of representative notes, the octave group of C notes, plus the busses for the other note groups;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a circuit board which forms a portion of the system and is used in conjunction with the circuit of FIG. 1.
  • a 28 v. source is indicated at terminal 10. This source is connected by line 12 to one side of the contact sets operated by all of the keys of the lower manual. These contact sets are labeled l4, 16, 18, 20 and 22 for the playing keys for the notes C,, C C C and C respectively. The playing keys for actuating the contacts are indicated respectively by the numerals l5, l7, 19, 21 and 23.
  • the lead from the other side of contact set 14 is connected to the cathode of diode 24, the anode of which is connected to a C bus 34.
  • the other contact sets 16, 18, 20 and 22 are connected through identically polariz ed diodes 26, 28, 30 and 32, respectively, to the C bus 34.
  • the common point between contacts 14 and diode 24 is connected by a lead 36 to the lower manual keyer 38 for the C, note.
  • the 28 v. potential is applied to keyer 38 and this connects the lower manual C, tone signal source 40 to an output lead 42.
  • the keyer 38 may be entirely conventional and operates in a conventional manner and needs no detailed description.
  • the output lead 42 is connected to the output system 44 of the organ which may be conventional and, therefore, needs no description.
  • the output sidesof key contacts l6, 18, 20 aand 22 are similarly connected to the lower manual keyers for the notes C C,,, C, and C,-,, respectively. To avoid confusion, only one of these additional keyers, the one for C,,, is indicated at 46.
  • any lower manual C key is pressed, its keyer is turned on and the signal for the C note called for by that key is applied to the output 44.
  • playing any lower manual C key applies the 28 v. potential to the C bus 34 without distinction as between which C key is played.
  • the diodes 24-32 provide isolation so that the 28 v. potential applied to the bus 34 by playing one C key cannot feed back and actuate the keyers for the other C notes.
  • the C bus 34 is connected by lead 48 to one side of a contact set 50 actuated by a key 51 for the C, note in the supplemental or miniature keyboard.
  • This keyboard may be of the type previously discussed and needs no special description. Essentially, it may consist of several octaves of keys about one eighth inch wide without the usual distinction as between the black and white keys with each key having its own contact set.
  • this keyboard can consist simply of the contact set in a row with a covering providing a smooth flexible surface for a finger to slide over as described in the previously mentioned patent and pending application.
  • the other side of the miniature key contact set is connected to a keyer 52 which when it receives a negative potential acts to connect the upper manual source 54 for the C, signal to the output 44.
  • the keyer 52 which may be conventional, may be the same keyer used to connect the upper manual C, source to the output when the C, key in the upper manual is played, or it may be separate with a separate or the same C, source, depending upon the organization of the particular organ and the type of response desired.
  • the keyer 52 provides a percussive envelope.
  • C C C C C indicated respectively at 56, 58, 57a and 59a and actuated respectively by keys 53, 55, 57 and 59 are similarly connected between the C bus and their individual keyers for the appropriate C note. In the interest of avoiding confusion, only one of these additional keyers, for the C note, is shown and is indicated at 56.
  • a circuit board is shown with fourteen terminals along the lower edge. These are adapted for plug-in connection to a suitable holder. One of these terminals, 82, is for connection to ground and another, 84, receives a 28 v. supply. The remaining 12 terminals are connected to the twelve busses shown in FIG. 1 and for convenience, the terminals in FIG. 1 directly connected to the terminals in FIG. 2
  • Each of the terminals to the left, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, and 70 is connected to a common lead 86 by way of individual diodes 88, 90, 92, 94, 96 and 98, respectively. These diodes are polarized with their cathodes connected to the terminals. Also, each of the same terminals 60, 62,64, 66, 68 and .70 is connected through individual diodes 100, 102, 104, 106, 108 and 110, respectively, to a common lead 1 12. The diodes in this set are polarized with their anodes connected to the terminals.
  • the terminals to the right 61, 63, 65, 67, 69 and 71 are similarly connected through diodes 114, 116, 118, 120, 122 and 124 to a common lead 126. These diodes have their cathodes connected to the terminals. Similarly, also, the same terminals are connected to a common lead 140 by way of individual diodes 128, 130, 132, 134, 136 and 138, respectively. The diodes in this set have their anodes connected to the terminals.
  • transistors Near the center of the figure two transistors are shown at 142 and 144.
  • the emitters are connected together and to the 28 v. terminal 84 by way of a 1K resistor 146 and to ground terminal 82 by way of a 2.2K resistor 148.
  • the common lead 86 is connected to the base of transistor 142 and to ground through a 22K resistor 149.
  • common lead 126 is connected to the base of transistor 144 and to ground through 22K resistor 150.
  • the collector of transistor 142 is connected to common lead 140 and the collector of 144 is connected to common lead 112.
  • the system operates as follows. When no playing key is held in the lower manual none of the key contacts 14-22 or the equivalent for other notes will be closed and the 28 v. from terminal is not applied many of the busses 34 or the equivalent forother notes. Since the 28 v. potential is not applied to any of the terminals 60-71, the bases of the transistors 142 and 144 are both near ground at this point in the description. Under these conditions, the negative potential from terminal 84 and the voltage divider, resistors 146 and 148, applied to the emitters is sufficient to cause both transistors to conduct. The negative potential is, therefore, applied from the collectors through the diodes connected to the leads 112 and 140 to all of the terminals 0-71:
  • one of the C keys for example, the 28 v. potential from terminal 10 is applied to the C bus 34, or the equivalent bus for other notes. If it is the C bus, this negative potential is applied to terminal 60. Since it is considerably more negative than the potential already there by way of conduction through transistor 144, this more negative potential is applied to the base of transistor 142 by way of conduction through diode 88. The base of transistor 142, therefore, becomes more negative than the emitter and the transistor ceases to conduct. This removes the negative potential from terminals 61, 63, 65, 67, 69 and 71.
  • the busses for these notes receive the 28 v. potential from terminal 10 and this is applied to terminals 60, 64 and 67, or to other terminal combinations if other chords are played. This renders both transistors 142 and 144 nonconductive with the result that none of the busses connected to the terminals 60-71 have a negative potential thereon excepting those supplied directly from terminal 10 by way of the closed key contacts in the lower manual.
  • the chord CEG is held in the lower manual, only the miniature keys for the notes CEG will be live. Drawing a finger across the miniature keys, therefore, sounds only the notes CEGCEGCE- in succession.
  • circuit of FIG. 2 is shown as organized upon a plug-in circuit board, this, of course, is not essential.
  • An advantage, however, in addition to the usual advantages associated with circuit board use, which might not be apparent is that if desired, the organ can be supplied with the circuit of FIG. 1 to perform the automatic arpeggio functions identical to those of the Young patent previously mentioned.
  • the system can be converted to perform according to the present invention simply by plugging in the circuit board of FIG. 2. This is because all circuits on the board of FIG. 2 are simply connected as branches to those circuits existing in FIG. 1. It is not necessary, therefore, to interrupt or alter any of the circuits of FIG. 1 to make the change.
  • the circuit of FIG. 2 uses the voltage divider, resistors 146 and 148, to apply a potential of about --19 v. to the emitters of transistors 142 and 144 from the board terminal 84 at 28 v.
  • This specific arrangement is used simply as a matter of convenience so that the board can use a 28 v. potential source already available in the organ, at terminal for instance. If a source at about l9 v. were available in the organ it could, of course, be connected directly to the emitters, and resistors 146 and 148 could be omitted.
  • the potentials remaining after conduction through the transistors 142 and 144 and diode connections should be sufficient to operate the keyers, 52 and 56 for instance, and the voltage at terminal 10 should be sufficient to turn off the transistors 142 and 144 when applied to the bases by way of the intervening diodes.
  • a switch may be placed in series with the ground connection 82, FIG. 2, removing forward bias from transistors 142 and 144 when the switch is opened.
  • a first manual and a second manual connections enabling keys played in said first manual to sound musical notes appropriate to the keys played and for supplying a potential to the same note keys and those in octave relation thereto in said second manual, and connections for the playing keys in the second manual to sound notes for the second manual keys played which receive a keying potential, a second and a third keying potential supply for said second manual, said second supply being connected to keys in said second manual for notes in the C whole tone scale, said third supply being connected to keys in said second manual for notes in the C whole tone scale, and means for interrupting the second or third potential supply connections when keys in the first said manual are played in the C or C whole tone scales respectively and for interrupting both the second and third potential supply connections if keys are played simultaneously in the first said manual for notes in both the C and the C whole tone scales.
  • a source of several octaves of electrical tone signals for the chromatic musical scale an output, system, keyers connected for supplying said tone signals individually to said output system in response to the supply of a potential of at least a certain value to said keyers individually, a manual of playing keys connected for supplying said potential to said keyers individually according to keys played when said potential is supplied individually to keys in said manual, a first source for supplying said potential, circuit means connecting said first source to the keys in said manual for notes in the C whole tone scale, a second source for supplying said potential, circuit means connecting said second source to the keys in said manual for notes in the C whole tone scale, each of the last saidcircuit means having means for interrupting its connection in response to the application thereto of a keying potential having a value a predetermined amount in excess of the first said keying potential but not in response to a potential at the level of the first said potential, a third source of keying potential, said third source having said potential value at a predetermined amount in excess of the first
  • an additional set of keyers connected for supplying tone signals individually to the output system in response to a keying potential supplied individually to said additional set of keyers, and circuit means including said third source of potential and said second manual connected for supplying the last said potential individually to said additional set of keyers in response to keys played in said second manual.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
US00324238A 1973-01-16 1973-01-16 Organ system for automatically producing runs of various character Expired - Lifetime US3780203A (en)

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US32423873A 1973-01-16 1973-01-16

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US (1) US3780203A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS49105520A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU6383473A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7310140D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA997949A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2401352A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1440541A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT999237B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7316238A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA7424B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3842184A (en) * 1973-05-07 1974-10-15 Chicago Musical Instr Co Musical instrument having automatic arpeggio system
US3854366A (en) * 1974-04-26 1974-12-17 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Automatic arpeggio
US3967520A (en) * 1974-11-18 1976-07-06 Drydyk Lawrence A Guitar chording device for keyboard instruments
US4154131A (en) * 1977-06-21 1979-05-15 D. H. Baldwin Company Digital arpeggio system
US4156379A (en) * 1977-06-21 1979-05-29 D. H. Baldwin Company Digital arpeggio system
US4158978A (en) * 1976-07-02 1979-06-26 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic musical instrument capable of producing "chord pyramid" arpeggio effects
US4182212A (en) * 1976-07-12 1980-01-08 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of and apparatus for automatically playing arpeggio in electronic musical instrument

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3198055A (en) * 1959-02-24 1965-08-03 Seeburg Corp Piano having chord playing means
US3227027A (en) * 1963-11-12 1966-01-04 Seeburg Corp Piano having electrically controlled note sustaining means
US3358070A (en) * 1964-12-03 1967-12-12 Hammond Corp Electronic organ arpeggio effect device
US3432607A (en) * 1964-08-17 1969-03-11 Joh Mustad Ab Bass control of electronic musical instruments
US3617602A (en) * 1970-05-25 1971-11-02 Chicago Musical Instr Co Musical instrument having automatic arpeggio circuitry
US3651729A (en) * 1969-08-29 1972-03-28 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Circuit for rapid note passage in electronic musical instrument
US3725562A (en) * 1971-08-16 1973-04-03 Baldwin Co D H Arpeggio system for electronic organ

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5518916B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1971-08-16 1980-05-22
JPS4829418A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1971-08-16 1973-04-19

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3198055A (en) * 1959-02-24 1965-08-03 Seeburg Corp Piano having chord playing means
US3227027A (en) * 1963-11-12 1966-01-04 Seeburg Corp Piano having electrically controlled note sustaining means
US3432607A (en) * 1964-08-17 1969-03-11 Joh Mustad Ab Bass control of electronic musical instruments
US3358070A (en) * 1964-12-03 1967-12-12 Hammond Corp Electronic organ arpeggio effect device
US3651729A (en) * 1969-08-29 1972-03-28 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Circuit for rapid note passage in electronic musical instrument
US3617602A (en) * 1970-05-25 1971-11-02 Chicago Musical Instr Co Musical instrument having automatic arpeggio circuitry
US3725562A (en) * 1971-08-16 1973-04-03 Baldwin Co D H Arpeggio system for electronic organ

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3842184A (en) * 1973-05-07 1974-10-15 Chicago Musical Instr Co Musical instrument having automatic arpeggio system
US3854366A (en) * 1974-04-26 1974-12-17 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Automatic arpeggio
US3967520A (en) * 1974-11-18 1976-07-06 Drydyk Lawrence A Guitar chording device for keyboard instruments
US4158978A (en) * 1976-07-02 1979-06-26 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic musical instrument capable of producing "chord pyramid" arpeggio effects
US4182212A (en) * 1976-07-12 1980-01-08 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of and apparatus for automatically playing arpeggio in electronic musical instrument
US4154131A (en) * 1977-06-21 1979-05-15 D. H. Baldwin Company Digital arpeggio system
US4156379A (en) * 1977-06-21 1979-05-29 D. H. Baldwin Company Digital arpeggio system

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Publication number Publication date
GB1440541A (en) 1976-06-23
ZA7424B (en) 1974-11-27
NL7316238A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-07-18
BR7310140D0 (pt) 1974-09-24
CA997949A (en) 1976-10-05
IT999237B (it) 1976-02-20
JPS49105520A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-05
AU6383473A (en) 1975-06-26
DE2401352A1 (de) 1974-07-25

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