US3779742A - Method of remelting a frozen metal plug in the ceramic nozzle of a metallurgical vessel - Google Patents

Method of remelting a frozen metal plug in the ceramic nozzle of a metallurgical vessel Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3779742A
US3779742A US00081289A US3779742DA US3779742A US 3779742 A US3779742 A US 3779742A US 00081289 A US00081289 A US 00081289A US 3779742D A US3779742D A US 3779742DA US 3779742 A US3779742 A US 3779742A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
orifice
ladle
charged
layer
molten metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00081289A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
H Kutzer
H Fehling
H Hase
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Didier Werke AG
Original Assignee
Didier Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19691960801 external-priority patent/DE1960801C/de
Application filed by Didier Werke AG filed Critical Didier Werke AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3779742A publication Critical patent/US3779742A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/44—Consumable closure means, i.e. closure means being used only once
    • B22D41/46—Refractory plugging masses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F24V30/00—Apparatus or devices using heat produced by exothermal chemical reactions other than combustion

Definitions

  • An object of the present invention seeks to overcome these troubles and to provide a method that will reliably permit a frozen metal plug in the outlet orifice of ceramic nozzles to be remelted without exposing the ceramic parts to excessive thermal stress and thereby softening them prematurely.
  • the present invention proposes to introduce into the open outlet orifice of the closed nozzle an exothermic material that ignites at a temperature below the solidification point of the metal, preferably a mixture of aluminium and a reducible higher metal oxide.
  • the exothermic material When the nozzle is opened the exothermic material is ignited by the radiant heat of the frozen metal melt and the heat of combustion of about 2,500C which is then evolved melts the frozen metal plug without any external action being needed.
  • the exothermic material should be introduced into the outlet orifice of the movable sliding plate when the latter is closed. It has been found convenient to introduce the exothermic material in the form of a pressing or casting, particularly in the form of a cylindrical pellet.
  • oxidants that have the effect of reducing the temperature of ignition such as perchlorate of potassium, nitrate of soda or peroxide of barium, may be added to the exothermic material of aluminium in mixture with a reducible metal oxide.
  • combustible exothermically reacting substances such as carbon and/or magnesium may also be added to the exothermic mixture.
  • carbon and/or magnesium may also be added to the exothermic mixture.
  • a particularly effective exothermic material according to the invention is a mixture comprising 7 to 15 percent by weight of potassium perchlorate, 1.5 to 4 percent by weight of carbon, 5 to 10 percent by weight of magnesium, 38 to 41 percent by weight of aluminium and 38 to 4] percent by weight of iron oxide with the addition of a binder, particularly a phenolic resin, in quantities of 4 to 5 percent of the total weight of the mixture.
  • a binder particularly a phenolic resin
  • Yet another feature of the invention comprises, prior to the vessel being charged with the metal melt and after the pouring nozzle has been closed, filling into that part of the outlet orifice (entry bush) with which the metal melt makes direct contact when the vessel is charged, with a layer of iron chips covered with a layer of calcium-silicon or ferrosilicon.
  • I is the metal casing of the bottom part of a pouring ladle provided with a sliding gate nozzle shown in longitudinal section.
  • the casing is provided with a refractory lining 2 that covers the sides and the floor of the ladle.
  • the metal casing l as well as the refractory lining 2 contain an opening in the bottom of the ladle for the discharge therethrough of the liquid melt. This opening contains an externally rectangular orifice brick 3 with a funnel-shaped entry orifice 3' adjoining a divergent part containing an entry bush 4 which is embedded in mortar and likewise consists of refractory material.
  • the sliding gate which serves for controlling the pouring rate, and which can be completely closed, substantially comprises a cast iron plate 5 bolted to the metal casing ll of the ladle bottom and provided with a removable cover 5', an orifice plate 6 of refractory material provided with a central orifice and secured axially from below to the entry bush and the orifice brick, as well as a cast iron supporting shell 7 bearing a sliding plate 8 likewise provided with an orifice and a downwardly adjoining outlet bush 9 both of refractory material embedded in a refractory mortar.
  • the sliding plate including the bearing shell and the outlet bush are slidably displaceably kept in contact wih the fixed orifice plate 6 by bolts engaging the ladle casing and nuts bearing against the cover with the interposition of springs.
  • The. bearing shell 7, the sliding plate 8 and the outlet bush 9 are slidably displaceable parallel to the ladle bottom by means of a hydraulic actuator drive which, as indicated at 13, is linked to the bearing shell.
  • the pellet in the orifice it is wrapped in a selfadhering paper tape 14 which takes up the tolerational clearance between the pellet and the orifice wall.
  • a layer of iron chips 15 about 2 cms thick is deposited through a funnel into the orifice in the plate 6.
  • a layer 16 of calcium silicon (CaSi) is then superimposed until the bore of the entry bush 4 is also filled.
  • the two layers may also be filled into a cardboard sleeve which in external diameter conforms with the internal diameter of the orifice and this cardboard sleeve may then be introduced into the orifice polate 6 from below before the sliding plate 8 is fixed in place.
  • the layers previously introduced into the entry bush and the orifice plate likewise melt and by releasing their heat of solution they help to heat up the refractory material of these two components. They thus form a useful heat bridge between the liquid metal melt and the sliding plate.
  • the hydraulic actuator pulls the sliding plate to the left in the drawing until the outlet orifice 8' and the exothermic igniting pellet 14 contained therein register with the orifice in the fixed plate 6 and makes contact with the metal plug it contains.
  • the exothermic material of the igniting pellet will have reached the required igniting temperature of about 400C and it will then burn away at a combustion temperature of about 2,500C. Any frozen parts of the melt lodging in the orifices of the fixed plate and the entry bush will liquefy and the desired pour from the ladle can proceed without a further hitch.
  • the following pulverulent materials are mixed: 11.8 percent by weight of KCl0 39.0 percent by weight of Al, 39.0 percent by weight of Fe O 7.5 percent by weight of Mg and 2.7 percent by weight of C. To this mixture is added a phenolic resin binder in quantitie s o f about 4.5 percent of the weight of the total mixture and then compacted in a suitable mould into the required cylindrical pellet shape.
  • the igniting reaction of the pellet is characterized by three consecutively proceeding reactions, each reaction providing the heat required for reaching the temperature level at which the next reaction proceeds.
  • the overall reaction can be represented as follows: 3 C+2Mg+2 KC10.,+4Al+2Fe 0 3 C0 +2 MgO 2 KCl 2 A1 0 4 Fe which comprises the three following consecutively proceeding individual reactions:
  • a method of remelting a frozen plug of metal formed in the stationary orifices of the pouring nozzle of a pouring ladle for pouring molten metal said pouring ladle having an entry orifice and being equipped with a gate nozzle including a fixed plate having an orifice aligned with said entry orifice and a movable plate having an outlet orifice which at an open position aligns with said entry orifice and at a closed position closes said entry orifice, said method comprising the steps of:

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US00081289A 1969-12-04 1970-10-16 Method of remelting a frozen metal plug in the ceramic nozzle of a metallurgical vessel Expired - Lifetime US3779742A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691960801 DE1960801C (de) 1969-12-04 Verfahren zum Aufschmelzen erstarrter Metallschmelze in keramischen Ausgüssen von metallurgischen Gefäßen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3779742A true US3779742A (en) 1973-12-18

Family

ID=5752923

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00081289A Expired - Lifetime US3779742A (en) 1969-12-04 1970-10-16 Method of remelting a frozen metal plug in the ceramic nozzle of a metallurgical vessel

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3779742A (ar)
JP (1) JPS5024688B1 (ar)
AT (1) AT314115B (ar)
CH (1) CH542674A (ar)
FR (1) FR2072391A5 (ar)
GB (1) GB1324722A (ar)
LU (1) LU61733A1 (ar)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3968908A (en) * 1975-10-03 1976-07-13 Inland Steel Company Device for preventing ladle nozzle leaks
US3997090A (en) * 1974-07-12 1976-12-14 Metacon A.G. Device and method for forming a mortar joint packing between a vessel outlet and a removable closure
US4795066A (en) * 1982-09-23 1989-01-03 Kaiser Steel Corporation Ladle nozzle insert
US20050106066A1 (en) * 2003-01-14 2005-05-19 Micronics, Inc. Microfluidic devices for fluid manipulation and analysis
US20180010209A1 (en) * 2015-08-14 2018-01-11 Coogee Titanium Pty Ltd Method for production of a composite material using excess oxidant
US10960469B2 (en) 2015-08-14 2021-03-30 Coogee Titanium Pty Ltd Methods using high surface area per volume reactive particulate
US11162157B2 (en) 2015-08-14 2021-11-02 Coogee Titanium Pty Ltd Method for recovery of metal-containing material from a composite material

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2120588A (en) * 1982-05-27 1983-12-07 British Steel Corp Introduction of refractory filler material into nozzle assemblies of molten metal-holding vessel

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US623239A (en) * 1899-04-18 Robert deissler
US968350A (en) * 1909-12-11 1910-08-23 Electro Metallurg Co Blowpipe and method of operating the same.
US1637619A (en) * 1925-11-16 1927-08-02 Lucas Anton Method of producing welding metal
US1880242A (en) * 1931-09-24 1932-10-04 Donald C Dickson Plugging means for crucibles or the like
US2024132A (en) * 1933-07-06 1935-12-10 Firm Th Goldschmidt A G Process for introducing steel-forming additions into the aluminogenetic iron in aluminothermal welding
US2500097A (en) * 1947-10-14 1950-03-07 Peter J Soffel Exothermic composition for controlling the fluidity of castings
US2563131A (en) * 1951-08-07 Tapping blast furnaces and the like
US2717204A (en) * 1952-05-02 1955-09-06 Du Pont Blasting initiator composition
US2791815A (en) * 1953-10-05 1957-05-14 Chromium Mining And Smelting C Riser composition and a method of using the same
US3581948A (en) * 1969-08-11 1971-06-01 Interstop Ag Sliding gate of a casting ladle for pouring liquid metals

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US623239A (en) * 1899-04-18 Robert deissler
US2563131A (en) * 1951-08-07 Tapping blast furnaces and the like
US968350A (en) * 1909-12-11 1910-08-23 Electro Metallurg Co Blowpipe and method of operating the same.
US1637619A (en) * 1925-11-16 1927-08-02 Lucas Anton Method of producing welding metal
US1880242A (en) * 1931-09-24 1932-10-04 Donald C Dickson Plugging means for crucibles or the like
US2024132A (en) * 1933-07-06 1935-12-10 Firm Th Goldschmidt A G Process for introducing steel-forming additions into the aluminogenetic iron in aluminothermal welding
US2500097A (en) * 1947-10-14 1950-03-07 Peter J Soffel Exothermic composition for controlling the fluidity of castings
US2717204A (en) * 1952-05-02 1955-09-06 Du Pont Blasting initiator composition
US2791815A (en) * 1953-10-05 1957-05-14 Chromium Mining And Smelting C Riser composition and a method of using the same
US3581948A (en) * 1969-08-11 1971-06-01 Interstop Ag Sliding gate of a casting ladle for pouring liquid metals

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3997090A (en) * 1974-07-12 1976-12-14 Metacon A.G. Device and method for forming a mortar joint packing between a vessel outlet and a removable closure
US3968908A (en) * 1975-10-03 1976-07-13 Inland Steel Company Device for preventing ladle nozzle leaks
US4795066A (en) * 1982-09-23 1989-01-03 Kaiser Steel Corporation Ladle nozzle insert
US20050106066A1 (en) * 2003-01-14 2005-05-19 Micronics, Inc. Microfluidic devices for fluid manipulation and analysis
US20180010209A1 (en) * 2015-08-14 2018-01-11 Coogee Titanium Pty Ltd Method for production of a composite material using excess oxidant
US10960469B2 (en) 2015-08-14 2021-03-30 Coogee Titanium Pty Ltd Methods using high surface area per volume reactive particulate
US11078556B2 (en) * 2015-08-14 2021-08-03 Coogee Titanium Pty Ltd Method for production of a composite material using excess oxidant
US11162157B2 (en) 2015-08-14 2021-11-02 Coogee Titanium Pty Ltd Method for recovery of metal-containing material from a composite material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2072391A5 (ar) 1971-09-24
AT314115B (de) 1974-03-25
JPS5024688B1 (ar) 1975-08-18
LU61733A1 (ar) 1971-01-18
DE1960801A1 (ar) 1971-08-26
DE1960801B2 (de) 1971-08-26
CH542674A (de) 1973-10-15
GB1324722A (en) 1973-07-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4216721A (en) Thermite penetrator device (U)
US3779742A (en) Method of remelting a frozen metal plug in the ceramic nozzle of a metallurgical vessel
NO116420B (ar)
US2776206A (en) Method and apparatus for introducing low-boiling substances into molten metal
US3687437A (en) Metallurgical furnaces or vessels
KR100660260B1 (ko) 내화성 보수 물질 뱃치
US3759702A (en) Method of melting aluminum
IE40377B1 (en) Method of applying refractory lining on hot metallurgical ladles, soaking pits and furnaces
US4350324A (en) Method of removal of slag deposits from the bottom of a furnace
RU2465361C1 (ru) Алюминотермический способ получения металлов и плавильный горн для его осуществления
US2767080A (en) Process for reducing oxidic ores
US4168736A (en) A method of repairing ferrous metal bodies
RU2109235C1 (ru) Способ плавки чугуна
RU2675809C1 (ru) Устройство для получения стали
RU2027539C1 (ru) Способ утепления верхней части стального слитка
GB2091396A (en) Thermally-degradable taphole plug
US3224872A (en) Bonding method of value in the treatment of metals
GB1530030A (en) Refractory materials
SU838292A1 (ru) Термит дл ремонта футеровки метал-луРгичЕСКиХ АгРЕгАТОВ
SU395475A1 (ru) Способ получения комплексной лигатуры
Akerkar Physico chemical aspects of alumino-thermic reduction in the production of low carbon ferro-alloys
SU856649A1 (ru) Экзотермическа смесь дл утеплени головной части слитка при разливке сталей и сплавов
CA1123196A (en) Exothermic bimetallic composition with small size refractory materials to fill holes in ferrous body
US3215422A (en) Reverberatory furnaces
US3239391A (en) Scale free flame heating of steel