US3778660A - Fluorescent lamp of high color rendering - Google Patents
Fluorescent lamp of high color rendering Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3778660A US3778660A US00152217A US3778660DA US3778660A US 3778660 A US3778660 A US 3778660A US 00152217 A US00152217 A US 00152217A US 3778660D A US3778660D A US 3778660DA US 3778660 A US3778660 A US 3778660A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- phosphor
- magnesium
- weight
- parts
- manganese
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- -1 tin-activated strontium magnesium orthophosphate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- DJZHPOJZOWHJPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;dioxido(dioxo)tungsten Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O DJZHPOJZOWHJPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940000489 arsenate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPTXKDNNGGJXBL-UHFFFAOYSA-K [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[Mg+2].P.[Sr+2] Chemical class [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[Mg+2].P.[Sr+2] FPTXKDNNGGJXBL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940043232 butyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940079938 nitrocellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/74—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing arsenic, antimony or bismuth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/0855—Phosphates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/38—Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light
- H01J61/42—Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light by transforming the wavelength of the light by luminescence
- H01J61/44—Devices characterised by the luminescent material
Definitions
- This invention relates to a fluorescent lamp having an improved color rendering.
- a fluorescent lamp in which a phosphor layer is formed on the inner tube wall by applying a phosphor slurry containing several kinds of phosphors blended together, has been developed in order to obtain an emission spectrum closely resembling the spectrum of natural daylight.
- the color rendering of the fluorescent lamp having blended phosphor as mentioned above is considerably improved as compared with standard type fluorescent lamps for general use.
- an average color rendering value Ra by a C.I.E. (Commission Internationale de lEclairage) test color method (defined in the publication: CIE COMMITTEE E-l.3.2 Method of Measuring and Specifying Color Rendering Properties of Light Sources- First edition, designated as CIE publication No.
- this invention provides a new fluorescent lamp with high color rendering, which can be manufactured economically.
- FIG. 1 is a partly broken-away perspective view of a fluorescent lamp embodying the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a spectrum distribution chart of light emission of the lamp of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
- a fluorescent lamp of high color rendering can be made by applying a single layer of phosphor-containing phosphor powder of the kind or type which has strong absorption in the spectrum range of wavelength shorter than 450 nano-meter and has high reflectance in the spectrum range of wavelength longer than 450 nano-meter, in such a specified ratio that makes the emission from the outer tube wall of the fluorescent lamp resemble desired standard light source.
- a basic magnesium arsenate phosphor containing a specified quantity of manganese is found to be suitable in accordance with this invention.
- the ratio of light emission energy of wavelength under 450 nano-meter against the total light emission energy should be less than 16 percent in order to obtain high color rendering such as over 95.
- the amount of manganese should be between 0.02 and 0.2 gram atom per 6 mols of magnesium oxide (M 0) in a magnesium halosuIph-arsenate phosphor. If this ratio of manganese exceeds 0.2 gram atom, even though the absorption of short-wavelength linespectrum emission of mercury vapour is very strong, the emission of reddish light is insufficient.
- the ratio of manganese is below 0.02 gram atom, the absorption is very low, necessitating the larger amount of the magnesium halosulph-arsenate phosphor for absorbing the line spectrum emission around 450 nano-meter and thereby causing unnecessary increase of reddish light and decrease of total light emission.
- EXAMPLE I Magnesium tungstate (Mg W0 phosphor 2. Tin-activated strontium-magnesium ortho-phosphate [(SrMg) (P0 Sn] phosphor 3. Antimony-and-manganese-activatcd calcium halophosphate [3 Ca; (P0 CaFCl Sb, Mn] phosphor 4. Manganese-activated magnesium halosulpharsenate (6 MgO As O 0.35 MgSO 0.19 MgF r 0.04 Mn) phosphor containing 0.04 gram atom of manganese (Mn) per 6 mols of magnesium oxide (MgO) The above-mentioned four kinds of phosphors are blended to form one phosphor slurry.
- the slurry is prepared by blending one kilogram of the phosphors in the above-described proportions with 1,000 cc of butylacetate containing 1 weight percent nitro-cellulose in a ballmill for 5 hours.
- This slurry accordingly to the conventional procedure for making fluorescent lamps, is applied on the inner wall of the tube 2 to form a layer.
- the layer is dried and baked to form a layer 4 of the blended phosphor of about 0.005 gram/cm?
- electrodes are fixed at both ends.
- the tube is exhausted and filled with argon and a drop of mercury.
- a fluorescent lamp is obtained by subsequent aging.
- the fluorescent lamp thus manufactured performs the spectrum distribution shown by the diagram in FIG. 2 wherein relative energy refers to the light energy distribution per small specified ranges of wavelength.
- the fluorescent lamp of the present invention has a desirably balanced spectrum distribution. Also this lamp attains a color rendering value as high as 97.
- the resulting fluorescent lamp has a color temperature of 4,200K and average color rendering value of 97.
- EXAMPLE 3 Still another lamp is formed by the procedure of Example I with a phosphor layer having the following composition:
- Mn Manganese-activated magnesium halosulph-arsenate phosphor
- the fluorescent lamp obtained shows a color temperature of 2,700K and an average color rendering value of 92.
- a low pressure fluorescent lamp comprising a glass tube containing a pair of spaced electrodes, a small amount of mercury and inert gas confined within said tube, and-a layer of blended phosphor on the inside surface of said tube, wherein the phosphor layer contains in approximate proportions:
- magnesium tungstate 4 parts by weight of magnesium tungstate, 2.5 parts by weight of tin-activated strontium-magnesium orthophosphate, 1.5 parts by weight of antimonyand-manganese-activated calcium halophosphate, and 0.6 parts by weight of basic magnesium arsenate phosphor containing 004 gram atom of manganese per 6 mols of magnesium oxide.
- a low pressure fluorescent lamp comprising a glass tube containing a pair of spaced electrodes, a small amount of mercury and inert gas confined within said tube, and a layer of blended phosphor on the inside sur face of said tube, wherein the phosphor layer contains in approximate proportions:
- magnesium tungstate 3.5 parts by weight of magnesium tungstate, 3.0 parts by weight of tin-activated strontium-magnesium orthophosphate, 1.5 parts by weight of antimonyand-manganese-activated calcium halophosphate, and 0.6 parts by weight of basic magnesium arsenate phosphor containing 0.06 gram atoms of manganese per 6 mols of magnesium oxide.
- a low pressure fluorescent lamp comprising a glass tube containing a pair of spaced electrodes, a small amount of mercury and inert gas confined within said tube, and a layer of blended phosphor on the inside surface of said tube, wherein the phosphor layer contains in approximate proportions:
- magnesium tungstate 12 parts by weight of tin-activated strontium-magnesium orthophosphate, 1.5 parts by weight of antimonyand-manganese-activated calcium halophosphate, and 2.4 parts by weight of basic magnesium arsenate phosphor containing 0.15 gram atom of manganese per 6 mols of magnesium oxide.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5118670A JPS5512701B1 (enExample) | 1970-06-12 | 1970-06-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3778660A true US3778660A (en) | 1973-12-11 |
Family
ID=12879815
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00152217A Expired - Lifetime US3778660A (en) | 1970-06-12 | 1971-06-11 | Fluorescent lamp of high color rendering |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3778660A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS5512701B1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA953904A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2129100C3 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2096220A5 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1354315A (enExample) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4296353A (en) * | 1979-10-29 | 1981-10-20 | Gte Products Corporation | Fluorescent lamp having high color rendering index |
| US6525460B1 (en) | 2000-08-30 | 2003-02-25 | General Electric Company | Very high color rendition fluorescent lamps |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62154739U (enExample) * | 1986-03-25 | 1987-10-01 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2692349A (en) * | 1952-09-05 | 1954-10-19 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp |
| US3670193A (en) * | 1970-05-14 | 1972-06-13 | Duro Test Corp | Electric lamps producing energy in the visible and ultra-violet ranges |
-
1970
- 1970-06-12 JP JP5118670A patent/JPS5512701B1/ja active Pending
-
1971
- 1971-06-02 GB GB1863471*[A patent/GB1354315A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-06-11 CA CA115,450A patent/CA953904A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-06-11 US US00152217A patent/US3778660A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-06-11 FR FR7121216A patent/FR2096220A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-06-11 DE DE2129100A patent/DE2129100C3/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2692349A (en) * | 1952-09-05 | 1954-10-19 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Low-pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp |
| US3670193A (en) * | 1970-05-14 | 1972-06-13 | Duro Test Corp | Electric lamps producing energy in the visible and ultra-violet ranges |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4296353A (en) * | 1979-10-29 | 1981-10-20 | Gte Products Corporation | Fluorescent lamp having high color rendering index |
| US6525460B1 (en) | 2000-08-30 | 2003-02-25 | General Electric Company | Very high color rendition fluorescent lamps |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1354315A (en) | 1974-06-05 |
| CA953904A (en) | 1974-09-03 |
| DE2129100A1 (de) | 1971-12-16 |
| DE2129100B2 (de) | 1974-07-04 |
| JPS5512701B1 (enExample) | 1980-04-03 |
| DE2129100C3 (de) | 1975-02-27 |
| FR2096220A5 (enExample) | 1972-02-11 |
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