US3777423A - Condition responsive door holder-closer - Google Patents

Condition responsive door holder-closer Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3777423A
US3777423A US00216202A US3777423DA US3777423A US 3777423 A US3777423 A US 3777423A US 00216202 A US00216202 A US 00216202A US 3777423D A US3777423D A US 3777423DA US 3777423 A US3777423 A US 3777423A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
housing
door
detector
combination
combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00216202A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
G Coulter
D Pearsall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rixson Inc
Original Assignee
Rixson Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rixson Inc filed Critical Rixson Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3777423A publication Critical patent/US3777423A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/12—Hinged dampers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/22—Additional arrangements for closers, e.g. for holding the wing in opened or other position
    • E05F3/221—Mechanical power-locks, e.g. for holding the wing open or for free-moving zones
    • E05F3/222—Mechanical power-locks, e.g. for holding the wing open or for free-moving zones electrically operated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/002—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass controlled by automatically acting means
    • E05F1/006—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass controlled by automatically acting means by emergency conditions, e.g. fire
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
    • E05F15/72—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation responsive to emergency conditions, e.g. fire
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/46—Magnets
    • E05Y2201/462—Electromagnets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
    • E05Y2201/47—Springs
    • E05Y2201/484—Torsion springs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/40—Physical or chemical protection
    • E05Y2800/42—Physical or chemical protection against smoke or gas
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

  • the frame also houses the principal components of the holder-closer, namely, a closer spring, a dashpot, a latching lever assembly, and an electromagiiet responsive to modulated current flow in the ionization chamber to effect alarm or emergency release of the latching lever to close an otherwise open door.
  • the integrated detector-holder-closer is advantageously and simply mounted on the lintel or header of a door frame.
  • the most common type of quick response detector employed has been a photocell (refraction type) detector or an ionization detector mounted on the ceiling of a corridor, approximately five feet from a fire resistant door to effect a barrier which will prevent passage of the products of combustion from one section of a building to another.
  • a photocell (refraction type) detector or an ionization detector mounted on the ceiling of a corridor, approximately five feet from a fire resistant door to effect a barrier which will prevent passage of the products of combustion from one section of a building to another.
  • the corridor closure may be a single door or a dual door using an electromagnetic door holder-closer on each door. In any event, each detector is located remotely from the controlled holder-closer. Accordingly, at least two units must be separately mounted with interconnecting wiring.
  • the invention herein described incorporates an ionization detector in the holder-closer housing.
  • the housing is preferably located above the door on the lintel or header of the door frame.
  • any products of combustion pass through multiple passageways located within the holder-closer housing to actuate the detector.
  • Location of the detector at this point and within the holdercloser housing effects a major safety advantage.
  • each door will now remain open until the smoke level builds downward from the ceiling to the height of the door leaving the doors open for persons to move in either direction until such time as smoke or products of combustion begin to block the actual exitway.
  • the location of the detector near the center of the door or, in the case of a double door closure, near the center of the corridor, is simply the best location to detect smoke.
  • This detector location is effectively attained by this invention because the end of the closerholder housing containing the detector is generally so located.
  • The-detector is not actuated until the exitway is subject to smoke passage; thus, facilitating evacuation until the last possible safe moment.
  • the present invention has the economic advantage that regardless of the height of the, corridor ceiling relative to the height of the door, one detector is all that is required to properly monitor the door.
  • the interconnection of separated detectors and controlled holder-closers is eliminated.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing thesurface application of FIG. 5 is a section view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 4 showing the relative alignment of the front-topbottom openings of the cover, frame and module which provide fluid flow access to the ionization chamber;
  • FIG. 6 is a bottom view showing the relative alignment of the front and bottom openings
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of the cover with portions broken away to show the relative alignment of the openmgs
  • FIG. 8 is a front fragmentary view of the portion of the door holder-closer containing the ionization chamber module with certain components being broken away to expose principal elementsof the ionization chamber module;
  • FIG. 9 is a bottom fragmentary view of the portion of the door holder-closer containing the ionization chamber module with certain components being broken away to expose elements of the ionization chamber module and also to show the relative disposition of the module relative the closer spring;
  • FIG. 10 is a section view taken along line l0l0 of FIG. 5 showing details of the ionization chamber, its protective screen, and also the static shield;
  • FIG. 1 1 is a top fragmentary view of the door holdercloser assembly, showing in full or in section the principal components of the holder-closer,namely, the closer spring, dashpot, electromagnet, and the latching lever assembly;
  • FIG. 12 is a front view of the structure of FIG. 11 with the dashpot partially in section (see lines l2-12 of FIG. 11) to show the details of the dashpot and the dashpot rollers;
  • FIG. 13 is a fragmentary view of the door holdercloser showing the latching lever assembly being manually overridden from a hold-open position and with the electromagnet energized;
  • FIG. 14 is a fragmentary view of the door holdercloser showing the latching lever assembly being released in response to the deenergization of the electromagnet;
  • FIG. 15 is a rear view showing the latching lever assembly coupled to the holder-closer dashpot by a fulcrum pin;
  • FIG. 16 is a section view of the latching lever assembly taken along line 1616 of FIG. 15;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic circuit, with the principal components of the door holder-closer being diagrammatically shown, which shows the failsafe connection of the ionization chamber module to its associated circuitry.
  • condition responsive electromechanical door holder-closer 1 of this invention is shown typically applied to a flush door 2 which is supported by a plurality of butt hinges 3 (only one of which is shown) upon a conventional metal door frame 4.
  • door holder-closer 1 includes a track 5 within which a slide block (not shown) reciprocates.
  • the left end of standard arm 6 is coupled to the slide block.
  • the right end of arm 6 is coupled to the projecting end of a rotating drive spindle (114 of FIG. 12) which is an integral part of the holder-closer dashpot.
  • the door holder-closer housing includes a cover 7 which contains the principal components of this invention, namely, an ionization chamber module, a coil spring, a link chain, a dashpot and an electromagnetic lever assembly.
  • cover 7 and its contained components are fixedly positioned on the header trim 8 of door frame 4, and track 5 is fixedly positioned immediately below cover 7 adjacent the upper edge of flush door 2 as is shown in FIG. 1.
  • cover 7 has a planar bottom wall 9, a planar front wall 10 with curved ends, and a planar top wall 11.
  • Bottom wall 9 is formed with a plurality of rectangular openings 12
  • front wall 10 is formed with three rows of circular openings 13
  • top wall 11 formed with a plurality of rectangular openings 14.
  • openings l2, l3 and 14 located in cover 7 are so aligned with other openings to provide fluid flow access for the products of combustion to an ionization chamber which is part of the ionization chamber module located within the housing.
  • FIG. 2 shows the application of one condition responsive door holder-closer 1 of this invention to control a pair of corridor doors 2 and 2'. Each door 2, 2' is controlled by a closer 1, 1', respectively.
  • holder-closer 1 which includes a cover 7 formed with a plurality of openings such as shown with respect to cover 7 of FIG. 1.
  • Holder-closer 1' which controls door 2' is contained within a cover 7 which has no openings that correspond to openings 12, 13 and 14 of cover 7.
  • holder-closer l is constructed in a manner identical to that of condition responsive holder-closer 1 with the exception that no ionization chamber module is included within the closer I.
  • the electrical circuitry of closers 1 and 1' are interconnected so that if holder-closer 1 detects products of combustion, both closers are activated simultaneously so as to close doors 2, 2' in response to such detection. It has been found that it is unnecessary in the application of a pair of doors which close off a hall or corridor to employ individual detectors within each of closers l and 1' inasmuch as the single detector is capable of adequate response to close off both doors.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded view showing the two principal components of the door holder-closer 1, namely, the ionization chamber module 15 and the door holdercloser assembly 16.
  • Module 15 is insertable within assembly 16 by module movement in the direction of the arrow, and the combined module holder-closer assembly is enclosed by cover 7 by relative movement of combined components 15 and 16 in the direction of the arrows toward cover 7.
  • Door holder-closer assembly 16 includes a metallic frame 17 which is generally U-shaped in cross section, having an elongated irregular bottom 18, a connecting back 19, and an elongated irregular top 20. As is shown in FIGS. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, frame bottom 18 and frame top 20 are formed with elongated openings 21 and 22, respectively.
  • the plurality of cover openings 12 are aligned with frame opening 21 as is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, so that opening 21 provides bottom access for openings 12 into the interior of frame 17.
  • the plurality of cover openings 14 are aligned with frame opening 22 so that top access may be had into the interior of frame 17.
  • cover openings 13 permit direct fluid flow access into frame 17 (see FIGS. 5 and 6).
  • ionization chamber module 15 is an integral electrical unit having a body portion 15a from which a finger portion 15b projects.
  • frame 17 is formed with a chamber which will receive module 15.
  • Module 15 comprises basically two parallelly disposed circuit boards and 31 (see FIGS. 5, 8) which are fabricated of insulated material. Circuit boards 30, 31 are fixed in the parallel disposition by means of metallic spacer bars 32, 33, 34 (FIGS. 8, 9) and others which are not shown in the drawings.
  • circuit boards 30, 31 Electrical components and interconnecting wiring generally denominated by numeral 35 are mounted between circuit boards 30, 31 and in some cases the components are supported directly by the circuit boards. These components constitute part of the ionization chamber amplifier hereinafter described.
  • the exterior sides of circuit boards 30, 31, as well as the bottom edges of these boards adjacent frame connecting back 19 .and the top edges of module finger portion 15b are all protectively insulated by a paper insulator covering 36.
  • a metallic shield plate 37 covers the edges of module body portion 15a adjacent cover 7 (see FIGS. 8 and 9).
  • Cover plate 37 supports reset pushbutton switch 38 and pilot light 39 so that these two components are exposed through appropriately located openings positioned in cover 7 (see FIGS. 7, 8 and 9). The operation of these components is hereafter described with respect to FIG. 17.
  • spacer bars 33 and 34 support metallic plate transversely disposed between circuit boards 30 and 31.
  • Ion chamber 46 is generally cup-shaped in cross section having a cylindrical side wall 47 joined by a bottom 48 contacting plate 45. Circular opening 49 provides access to the interior of ion chamber 46 (see FIG. 5).
  • Radioactive source 50 is supported on the right end of metallic positive electrode post 51 so that the source is centrally located within the ion chamber (see FIG. 5 also). Insulator bushing 52 isolates electrode 51 from the metallic plate 45.
  • radioactive source 50 is a sandwich comprising a silver layer 50a, a gold layer 50b containing dispersed Americium oxide and a gold sealing layer 50c.
  • a U-shaped metallic static shield is supported on spacer bars 33 and 34 by a plurality of front spacer bushings 61 and a plurality of bottom spacer bushings 62.
  • Electrostatic shield 60 generally comprises two rectangular, metallic, plate-like spaced legs 63 and 64 connected by curved portions 65 and 66 (see FIGS. 8, 9). Support tabs 67 and 68 project from between curved connector portions 65, 66 so as to be supportedly sandwiched between front spacer bushings 61. Front access opening 70 which provides a fluid passageway to ion chamber 46 is defined by connector portions 65, 66 and tabs 67, 68 (see FIGS. 6 and 8).
  • shield legs 63 and 64 defines a bottom access opening 71 and top access opening 72 to ion chamber 46 '(FIG. 7).
  • shield leg 63 is formed with a central hole which defines opening 49 for ion chamber 46. Accordingly, fluid flow access into the interior of chamber 46 is provided by the following three passageways:
  • fluid flow i.e., the passing of the products of combustion through the foregoing passageways affects the electrical conductivity between source 50 and ion chamber sidewall 47 so that appropriate amplifier circuitry can detect such products.
  • Positive electrode 51 and associated components are shielded within metallic housing 75 supported on the left surface of metallic plate 45.
  • screen 76 envelops the outside surface of cylinder sidewall 47. This screen also extends between shield legs 63 and 64 (FIGS. 9 and 10). Accordingly, all fluid flow into ion chamber 46 must pass through the cylindrical wall of the screen located between shield legs 63 and 64.
  • the screen prevents the radioactive source 50 from falling outside of cover 7 in the event the source support on post 51 is broken. This is a necessary safety measure.
  • support frame 17, which is enclosed within cover 7, houses the following principal components; namely,
  • Lating lever assembly 83 is described in U. S. Pat. 3,729,771 granted May 1, 1973 to Burke J. Crane, Richard E. DHooge and Frank D. Roberts for Latching Lever Assembly for Door Holder-Closer.
  • Spring assembly 79 includes compression coil spring 84 which envelops a spring rod 85.
  • the left end of spring rod 85 is threaded (FIGS. 9 and 11) so that the adjacent end of spring 84 is held by spring retainer 86.
  • Retainer 86 is adjustably mounted relative threaded rod 85 by washer 87 and-spring tension adjusting nut 88.
  • spring 84 is supported on spring support plate 89 which has a retaining circular flange 90. Flange 90 receives the adjacent contacting spring 84 turn. Accordingly, spring 84 is positioned relative to rod 85 by spring retainer 86 and spring support plate 89 so that adjustment of nut 88 can vary the static compression force generated by spring 84.
  • the right end of spring rod 85 (FIGS. 11 and 12) is coupled to link chain 80 by connecting pin 93.
  • the right end of link chain 80 is coupled to dashpot 81 by connecting pin 94.
  • FIG. 11 a simplified horizontal section view of the dashpot is shown and in FIG. 12 a simplified vertical section view taken along lines 12-12 of FIG. 11 is shown.
  • dashpot 81 comprises a fixed stator 95 which is housed within cavity 96 defined by generally cylindrical rotor 96.
  • Stator 95 is formed with a pair of stator vanes 98 and 99. The stator and its vanes remain fixed at all times relative support frame 17.
  • Stator 95 is formed with a mounting flange 100 (FIG.12) which is fixed to frame top 20 by a plurality of screws 101.
  • Rotor 97 supports a pair of integral vanes 102 and 103 (FIG.11) which rotate with the rotor. As is shown in FIG. 12, rotor 97 comprises a cylindrical section 104 to which annular flanges 105 and 106 are fixedly attached. The rotation of rotor 97 produces a corresponding rotation of annular flanges 105 and 106.
  • Connecting pin 94 extends betwen flanges 105 and 106 to anchor chain 80 respectively to rotor 97.
  • roller pins 107 and 108 extend between the flanges so that rollers 109 and 110 may rotate relative their associated pins and between the flanges.
  • Rollers 109, 110 also move responsively with rotor 97 and flanges 105, 106.
  • the interior dashpot cavity 96 defined between rotor 97 and stator 95 contains a viscoelastic plastic solid.
  • This material may preferably be either a natural or synthetic unvulcanized rubber or an elastomeric-like material known as bouncing putty.
  • This damping medium is contained within cavity 96 by means of O-ring seal 111; damping adjusting screw 112 is manually movable within its threaded bore to exert a varying pressure upon the damping medium through port 113 (FIG. 12).
  • Rotor spindle stem 114 receives the lower end of rotor cylindrical section 104 so that elements 104, 114 rotate in unison.
  • Rotor elements 104, 114, including flanges 105 and 106 are rotatably fixed relative frame 17 by bearing plates 115 and 116.
  • Stepped pin 117 serves as an alignment bearing for rotor 97 relative stator 95.
  • electromagnet 82 and lever assembly 83 are closely associated with dashpot 81.
  • electromagnet 82 is supported on frame 17 by electromagnet support plate 117.
  • lever assembly 83 The principal elements of lever assembly 83 are lever 120, lever fulcrum shaft 121, lever assembly biasing spring 122, armature-lever coupling spring 123, armature plate 124, screw-washer-nut 125, and spring alignment cylinder 126.
  • Lever 120 is formed with a latch detent 127 whose main function is to engage rollers 109 and 110 to effect hold open.
  • the lever is also formed with a yoke having legs 128 and 129 from which lugs 131 and 132 project to receive coupling spring 123.
  • Coupling spring 123 is a helical wound torsion spring formed into two divided and joined sections 133 and 134 having a central spring connector loop 135 (FIG.16) and two end connector loops 136 and 137 (FIG.15).
  • Spring 123 is shown in its tensioned position; that is, end connector loops 136 and 137 have been relatively rotated under spring tension so that loops 136 and 137 are adjacent central connector loop 135 as is shown in FIG.15.
  • This disposition of connector loops 135, 136 and 137 places spring sections 133 and 134 in torsional tension. Accordingly, when loop 135 is rigidly fixed to armature 124 by bolt and nut 125 (FIG.16) and end connector loop 136 is fixed to lug 131 and end connector loop 137 is fixed to lug 132 (FIG.15), coupling spring 123 develops a strong torsional force which tends to force armature plate 124 against lever 120 as is shown in FIGS. 11, 14 and 16. However, it should be noted that as shown in FIG. 13, the resiliency of spring 123 enables armature plate 124 to be separated from lever 120 in response to oppositely directed forces as will be hereafter outlined.
  • lever assembly 83 assumes the position shown in FIG. 11.
  • lever 120 is pivoted relative dashpot 81 by fulcrum pin 121.
  • Fulcrum pin 121 also receives biasing spring 122 so that a force is exerted by this spring which normally urges the lever assembly to the position shown in FIG. 11; that is, a position in which armature 124 rests against electromagnet 82.
  • roller 109 (or roller depending upon the amount of angular holdopen desired) is held in engagement against latching surface 127a of latching detent 127. With this occurrence, lever is lowered so that it assumes the relative position with respect to armature 124 shown in FIG. 11. Door 2 is thus held open by the engagement of either roller 109, 110 and latching surface 127a.
  • lever latching assembly 83 produces a characteristic release noise which is undesirable.
  • an emergency or alarm release rarely occurs; accordingly, such noise canbe tolerated.
  • Manual override is a commonplace occurrence, and in this instance latching lever release noises can attain an intolerable frequency unless eliminated by appropriate latching lever designs.
  • the tendency for the armature to move away from an energized electromagnet can produce static charges if of sufficient intensity will erroneously simulate a fire, etc if the conductive condition of the ionization chamber 46 is affected. Accordingly, a latching lever design which only releases the armature'from an electromagnet during an alarm condition is desirable.
  • the schematic circuit of FIG. 17 shows an electrical circuit effecting the interconnection of electromagnet 82 to ionization chamber 46 to effect hold-open and closing of door 2 in a failsafe manner of operation. Additionally, the schematic circuitry incorporates a condition responsive detector and amplifier unit within module 15 which is failsafe in operation. In particular, if all of the components of the module 15 are properly operating, door 2 will remain in hold-open effected by the latching of either roller 109 or 110 against latching detent 127 in response to the'manual closing of control switch 151.
  • module 15 If, however, module 15 is not properly operating or, alternatively, this unit senses a condition such as flame or smoke, door 2 will be released from a latched hold-open position effected either by roller 109 or 110 and closed in response to the closing forc exerted by coil spring 84.
  • electromagnet 82 causes-magnetic armature'124 to resiliently hold lever 120 downwardly (FIG. 11) and into locking engagement with either roller 109 or roller 110 against latching detent 127 (if door 2 is manually opened).
  • lever 120 holds rotor 97 with sufficient force to overcome the otherwise closing force exerted by coil spring 84.
  • electromagnet 82 is energized, door 2 will be held in an open position.
  • the manual override closing force causes disposition of the lever assembly 83 components as shown in FIG. 13 during the point of operation at which roller 109, for example, is in camming engagement with latching detent 127.
  • electromagnet 82 is deenergized, thereby enabling the camming action of roller 109 or 110, as the case may be (see FIG. 14), to
  • Reset pushbutton switch 38 is connected to amplifier I A of module 15 so that the circuitry can be again placed in a detecting readiness condition after the closer has released in response to a fire or alarm condition.
  • Switch 38 is accessible for manual operation from the front of cover 7 (FIGS. 7 and 9).
  • Pilot light 39 is also connected to amplifier A of module 15. When the circuitry is in a properly operating supervisory condition, the pilot light will periodically emit light. When a fire, etc. is detected, the pilot light will remain on. A deenergized pilot light indicates an electrical malfunction. In a preferred circuit arrangement the circuitry locks into an alarm condition (pilot light-39 on) and remains in an alarm condition until the unit is reset by manual operation of switch 38.-
  • module 15 A preferred detailed circuit for module 15 is described in U. S. Pat. 3,673,586 granted June 27, 1972 to Lyman C. Blackwell for Resistance Con-trolled Timed Pulse Generator.
  • a condition responsive door holder-closer comprising a housing, a closer spring and a dashpot disposed within the housing, a drive spindle projecting through the housing and coupled to the spr'ing-dashpot subcombination to be responsive to the damped forces exerted by the subcombination, means within the housing for latching the spindle at a door hold-open position, means including one or more openings in said housing for defining passageways within said housing to facilitate fluid flow within the housing including the products of combustion, a detector for the particulate products of combustion located within the housing and in which detector an electrical current characteristic is altered in response to the detection of such particulate products of combustion, and means interconnecting the detector to the spindle latching means to actuate the latch in response to the flow of the particulate products of combustion through said housing passageway means.
  • a condition responsive door holder-closer contained within a housing and including means for mounting the housing adjacent the header portion of a door frame, comprising a particulate products of combustion condition detector located within the housing and responsive to fluid flow carrying the particulate products of combustion and in which detector an electrical current characteristic is altered in response to the detection of such particulate products of combustion, means including one or more openings in said housing defining a fluid flow passageway within said housing to said condition responsive detector, a closer-holder spring-dashpot combination including electrically operated means for arresting the spring-dashpot combination to a door hold-open position with the spring, dashpot and electrically operated means being disposed within the housing, and means interconnecting the condition responsive detector to the electrically operated arresting means whereby the passage of the particulate products of combustion through an opening into the passageway releases an arrested spring-dashpot combination.
  • a door opening is defined by a frame having a header portion at the top of the frame, and in which the housing is supported at the top of the frame with one or more housing openings being generally located toward the midportion of the header and the door coupling means being located generally at an end portion of the header.
  • a condition responsive door holder-closer to control a door pivotally mounted relative an opening defined by a frame having a header portion at the top of the frame comprising a housing adapted to be supported above the door on or near the header portion, a closer spring and a dashpot disposed within the housing, a drive spindle projecting through the housing and coupled to the spring-dashpot combination to be responsively rotatable by the damped forces exerted by the combination, the spindle being located adjacent the pivot axis of the door and generally near an end of the housing mounted adjacent an end of the header portion, an arm coupling the projected end of the spindle to the door to also responsively rotate the spindle by forces exerted on the door, a detector for the particulate products of combustion located generally at the opposite end of the housing toward the mid-portion of the door opening and in which detector an electrical current characteristic is altered in response to the detection of such particulate products of combustion, electrically operated means located within the housing for arresting the spring-dashpot combination to a door
  • a condition responsive door holder-closer contained within a housing and adapted to be mounted immediately over a door opening, the holder-closer including electrically operated means within the housing for effecting door hold-open and door-closing conditions
  • the improvement comprising a particulate products of combustion detector located within the housing and responsive to particulate products of combustion and in which detector an electrical current characteristic is altered in response to the detection of such particulate products of combustion, means including one or more openings in said housing defining a fluid flow passageway within said housing to said detector, and means interconnecting the detector to the electrically operated means whereby the passage of the particulate products of combustion through the passageway actuates the door holder-closer from a hold-open to a door closing condition.
  • the combination of claim 25 in the housing includes top, bottom and front walls and in which openings are provided in all of said walls for passage of the particulate products of combustion.
  • a condition responsive door holder contained within a housing and adapted to be mounted immediately over a door opening, the holder including electrically operated means within the housing for effecting a door hold-open condition
  • the improvement comprising a particulate products of combustion detector located within the housing and responsive to particulate products of combustion and in which detector an electrical current characteristic is altered in response to detection of such particulate products of combustion, means including one or more openings in said housing defining a fluid flow passageway within said housing to said detector, and means interconnecting the detector to the electrically operated means whereby the passage of the particulate products of combustion through the passageway actuates the door holder from a hold-open condition whereby the door is no longer positively held open by the door holder.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
US00216202A 1972-01-07 1972-01-07 Condition responsive door holder-closer Expired - Lifetime US3777423A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US21620272A 1972-01-07 1972-01-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3777423A true US3777423A (en) 1973-12-11

Family

ID=22806146

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00216202A Expired - Lifetime US3777423A (en) 1972-01-07 1972-01-07 Condition responsive door holder-closer

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3777423A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5237304B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE792144A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA966515A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2300398A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2167789A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1398461A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT976417B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (53)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3905063A (en) * 1972-01-07 1975-09-16 Rixson Firemark Condition responsive door holder-closer
US3908309A (en) * 1972-01-07 1975-09-30 Rixson Firemark Particulate products of combustion detector for closure frame
US3934306A (en) * 1975-01-06 1976-01-27 Federal Sign And Signal Corporation Door closure device
US4040143A (en) * 1976-08-06 1977-08-09 Schlage Lock Company Releasable door hold-open device
US4069544A (en) * 1977-03-23 1978-01-24 Rixson-Firemark, Inc. Electrically actuated door holder and release
US4091364A (en) * 1974-09-09 1978-05-23 Unitec, Inc. Combustion detection device
US4146994A (en) * 1977-01-10 1979-04-03 Williams Clarence E Door having improved closing and latching systems
US4161804A (en) * 1977-12-21 1979-07-24 Rixson-Firemark, Inc. Heat-actuated door latch
US4265051A (en) * 1978-01-12 1981-05-05 Williams Clarence E Door having improved closing and latching systems
US4338526A (en) * 1980-04-14 1982-07-06 Multi-Elmac Garage door operator with gas sensor
US4360801A (en) * 1980-04-14 1982-11-23 Stanley Vemco Home security and garage door operator system
US4623878A (en) 1982-06-28 1986-11-18 Henry Schoenwetter Christmas tree mounted smoke detector
US4785293A (en) * 1985-12-05 1988-11-15 Leonard Shearer Alarm system prior to firedoor drop
US5652563A (en) * 1995-11-01 1997-07-29 Maus; Andrew B. Safety system for a horse stable
US6345412B1 (en) * 1997-06-27 2002-02-12 Ingersoll-Rand Architectural Hardware Group Ltd. Arrangement for controlling an angularly movable member
US20020152582A1 (en) * 2001-03-28 2002-10-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Honda Lock Vehicle outer handle system
US20060250258A1 (en) * 2005-03-21 2006-11-09 Dag Anhamm Device for barricading a room
WO2007057672A3 (en) * 2005-11-16 2007-08-09 Fireco Ltd Apparatus for actuating a safety device
US20080000046A1 (en) * 2004-03-12 2008-01-03 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door Closer
US20080092445A1 (en) * 2006-10-23 2008-04-24 Ready Access, Inc. Self closing drive-thru window assembly
USD578862S1 (en) * 2007-12-13 2008-10-21 Newfrey Llc Closer cover
USD587092S1 (en) * 2006-05-16 2009-02-24 Dorma Gmbh + Co, Kg Door closer
USD589781S1 (en) * 2008-04-23 2009-04-07 Ye-Myung Lee Door closer case with a removable panel
US20090093913A1 (en) * 2007-04-24 2009-04-09 Copeland Ii David James Door closer assembly
USD639136S1 (en) * 2010-05-10 2011-06-07 Sugatsune Kogyo Co., Ltd. Door closer
US8109038B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2012-02-07 Yale Security Inc. Door operator
US20120227326A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2012-09-13 Matthias Drux Covering For A Door Operator
US8390219B2 (en) 2010-07-29 2013-03-05 Yale Security Inc. Door operator with electrical back check feature
US8407937B2 (en) 2009-10-22 2013-04-02 Yale Security Inc. Door operator
US8415902B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2013-04-09 Yale Security Inc. Door closer with calibration mode
USD684840S1 (en) * 2012-02-27 2013-06-25 Abotic Gmbh Door opening and closing device
US8527101B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2013-09-03 Yale Security Inc. Door closer assembly
US8547046B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2013-10-01 Yale Security Inc. Door closer with self-powered control unit
US8564235B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2013-10-22 Yale Security Inc. Self-adjusting door closer
US8773237B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2014-07-08 Yale Security Inc. Door closer with teach mode
US8779713B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2014-07-15 Yale Security Inc. Door closer with dynamically adjustable latch region parameters
US20140197909A1 (en) * 2010-10-15 2014-07-17 Jennifer Oetjen High security switch device
USD740643S1 (en) * 2014-07-14 2015-10-13 Schlage Lock Company Llc Decorative door closer body
US9163446B2 (en) 2010-03-17 2015-10-20 Yale Security Inc. Door control apparatus
US20160069120A1 (en) * 2014-09-04 2016-03-10 Jmac, Inc. Motorized tilting window operator, and window
USD760060S1 (en) * 2015-04-15 2016-06-28 Schlage Lock Company Llc Decorative heavy duty door closer body
USD760059S1 (en) * 2015-04-15 2016-06-28 Schlage Lock Company Llc Decorative heavy duty door closer cover
US20180230727A1 (en) * 2017-02-14 2018-08-16 Steve Cummings Automatic lock-unlock door safety control
CN111346324A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-06-30 国网宁夏电力有限公司 用于电力系统的消防控制系统
CN111359123A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-07-03 国网宁夏电力有限公司 用于电力系统的消防子机装置
EP3064687B1 (de) * 2015-03-02 2020-12-02 dormakaba Deutschland GmbH Türbetätigungseinheit
US10865595B2 (en) * 2018-12-17 2020-12-15 Schlage Lock Company Llc Door closer with hold-open and release
US11072964B2 (en) * 2018-01-23 2021-07-27 Jeffrey Michael Teta Compact hinge actuating device
US11072965B2 (en) * 2016-12-07 2021-07-27 Assa Abloy Entrance Systems Ab Automatic door operator for a swing door assembly
CN113309426A (zh) * 2021-06-30 2021-08-27 南京康尼机电股份有限公司 用于ls锁闭装置门系统的远程隔离装置
US11187022B1 (en) * 2001-07-13 2021-11-30 Steven M. Hoffberg Intelligent door restraint
EP4375459A1 (de) * 2022-11-28 2024-05-29 GEZE GmbH Feststellanlage
EP4375460A1 (de) * 2022-11-28 2024-05-29 GEZE GmbH Feststellanlage

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS573323Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1977-09-13 1982-01-21
DE2854813C2 (de) * 1978-12-19 1986-02-20 Dictator Technik - Ruef & Co, 8902 Neusäß Vorrichtung zum Betätigen von Schiebetoren mit einem motorischen Torantrieb
US5576581A (en) * 1993-11-17 1996-11-19 Solid State Securities, Inc. Door control system and release mechanism
CN112963078B (zh) * 2021-03-12 2022-09-16 江西伟隆科技有限公司 一种用于幼儿园午休室的防火门
CN114120564B (zh) * 2021-11-19 2023-12-01 广东宇阳智能工程有限公司 一种建筑智能消防联动装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1392002A (en) * 1919-07-21 1921-09-27 Chester E Engle Thermo control for fire-doors
US1987330A (en) * 1932-10-05 1935-01-08 Fischer Alexander Otto Automatic door and like controlling device
US3392380A (en) * 1965-08-09 1968-07-09 Earl E. Fordyce Residential fire hazard alleviation system
US3648326A (en) * 1969-11-21 1972-03-14 Rixson Inc Electromechanical door holder-closer
US3673586A (en) * 1970-02-19 1972-06-27 Statitrol Corp Resistance controlled timed pulse generator
US3681603A (en) * 1969-05-19 1972-08-01 Cerberus Ag Smoke detector with at least one smoke measuring chamber

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1418053A (fr) * 1964-06-25 1965-11-19 Int Macgregor Org Dispositif d'étanchéité commandé et de blocage automatique pour jonction étanche verrouillée entre deux pièces ou structures et ses diverses applications
JPS448604Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1966-03-22 1969-04-05

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1392002A (en) * 1919-07-21 1921-09-27 Chester E Engle Thermo control for fire-doors
US1987330A (en) * 1932-10-05 1935-01-08 Fischer Alexander Otto Automatic door and like controlling device
US3392380A (en) * 1965-08-09 1968-07-09 Earl E. Fordyce Residential fire hazard alleviation system
US3681603A (en) * 1969-05-19 1972-08-01 Cerberus Ag Smoke detector with at least one smoke measuring chamber
US3648326A (en) * 1969-11-21 1972-03-14 Rixson Inc Electromechanical door holder-closer
US3673586A (en) * 1970-02-19 1972-06-27 Statitrol Corp Resistance controlled timed pulse generator

Cited By (64)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3908309A (en) * 1972-01-07 1975-09-30 Rixson Firemark Particulate products of combustion detector for closure frame
US3905063A (en) * 1972-01-07 1975-09-16 Rixson Firemark Condition responsive door holder-closer
US4091364A (en) * 1974-09-09 1978-05-23 Unitec, Inc. Combustion detection device
US3934306A (en) * 1975-01-06 1976-01-27 Federal Sign And Signal Corporation Door closure device
US4040143A (en) * 1976-08-06 1977-08-09 Schlage Lock Company Releasable door hold-open device
US4146994A (en) * 1977-01-10 1979-04-03 Williams Clarence E Door having improved closing and latching systems
US4069544A (en) * 1977-03-23 1978-01-24 Rixson-Firemark, Inc. Electrically actuated door holder and release
US4161804A (en) * 1977-12-21 1979-07-24 Rixson-Firemark, Inc. Heat-actuated door latch
US4265051A (en) * 1978-01-12 1981-05-05 Williams Clarence E Door having improved closing and latching systems
US4338526A (en) * 1980-04-14 1982-07-06 Multi-Elmac Garage door operator with gas sensor
US4360801A (en) * 1980-04-14 1982-11-23 Stanley Vemco Home security and garage door operator system
US4623878A (en) 1982-06-28 1986-11-18 Henry Schoenwetter Christmas tree mounted smoke detector
US4785293A (en) * 1985-12-05 1988-11-15 Leonard Shearer Alarm system prior to firedoor drop
US5652563A (en) * 1995-11-01 1997-07-29 Maus; Andrew B. Safety system for a horse stable
US6345412B1 (en) * 1997-06-27 2002-02-12 Ingersoll-Rand Architectural Hardware Group Ltd. Arrangement for controlling an angularly movable member
US6883840B2 (en) * 2001-03-28 2005-04-26 Kabushiki Kaisha Honda Lock Vehicle outer handle system
US20020152582A1 (en) * 2001-03-28 2002-10-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Honda Lock Vehicle outer handle system
US11187022B1 (en) * 2001-07-13 2021-11-30 Steven M. Hoffberg Intelligent door restraint
US20080000046A1 (en) * 2004-03-12 2008-01-03 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door Closer
US7543355B2 (en) * 2004-03-12 2009-06-09 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door closer housing
US8499495B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2013-08-06 Yale Security Inc. Door operator
US8109038B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2012-02-07 Yale Security Inc. Door operator
US20060250258A1 (en) * 2005-03-21 2006-11-09 Dag Anhamm Device for barricading a room
GB2446345B (en) * 2005-11-16 2011-05-25 Fireco Ltd Apparatus for actuating a safety device
WO2007057672A3 (en) * 2005-11-16 2007-08-09 Fireco Ltd Apparatus for actuating a safety device
GB2446345A (en) * 2005-11-16 2008-08-06 Fireco Ltd Apparatus for actuating a safety device
USD587092S1 (en) * 2006-05-16 2009-02-24 Dorma Gmbh + Co, Kg Door closer
US20080092445A1 (en) * 2006-10-23 2008-04-24 Ready Access, Inc. Self closing drive-thru window assembly
US20090093913A1 (en) * 2007-04-24 2009-04-09 Copeland Ii David James Door closer assembly
US7971316B2 (en) 2007-04-24 2011-07-05 Yale Security Inc. Door closer assembly
US9399884B2 (en) 2007-04-24 2016-07-26 Yale Security Inc. Door closer assembly
US8600567B2 (en) 2007-04-24 2013-12-03 Yale Security Inc. Door closer assembly
USD578862S1 (en) * 2007-12-13 2008-10-21 Newfrey Llc Closer cover
USD589781S1 (en) * 2008-04-23 2009-04-07 Ye-Myung Lee Door closer case with a removable panel
US8407937B2 (en) 2009-10-22 2013-04-02 Yale Security Inc. Door operator
US20120227326A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2012-09-13 Matthias Drux Covering For A Door Operator
US9163446B2 (en) 2010-03-17 2015-10-20 Yale Security Inc. Door control apparatus
US8527101B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2013-09-03 Yale Security Inc. Door closer assembly
US8547046B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2013-10-01 Yale Security Inc. Door closer with self-powered control unit
US8564235B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2013-10-22 Yale Security Inc. Self-adjusting door closer
US8415902B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2013-04-09 Yale Security Inc. Door closer with calibration mode
US8773237B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2014-07-08 Yale Security Inc. Door closer with teach mode
US8779713B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2014-07-15 Yale Security Inc. Door closer with dynamically adjustable latch region parameters
US9523230B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2016-12-20 Yale Security Inc. Door closer assembly
USD639136S1 (en) * 2010-05-10 2011-06-07 Sugatsune Kogyo Co., Ltd. Door closer
US8390219B2 (en) 2010-07-29 2013-03-05 Yale Security Inc. Door operator with electrical back check feature
US20140197909A1 (en) * 2010-10-15 2014-07-17 Jennifer Oetjen High security switch device
US9136070B2 (en) * 2010-10-15 2015-09-15 Jennifer Oetjen High security switch device
USD684840S1 (en) * 2012-02-27 2013-06-25 Abotic Gmbh Door opening and closing device
USD740643S1 (en) * 2014-07-14 2015-10-13 Schlage Lock Company Llc Decorative door closer body
US20160069120A1 (en) * 2014-09-04 2016-03-10 Jmac, Inc. Motorized tilting window operator, and window
EP3064687B1 (de) * 2015-03-02 2020-12-02 dormakaba Deutschland GmbH Türbetätigungseinheit
USD760060S1 (en) * 2015-04-15 2016-06-28 Schlage Lock Company Llc Decorative heavy duty door closer body
USD760059S1 (en) * 2015-04-15 2016-06-28 Schlage Lock Company Llc Decorative heavy duty door closer cover
US11072965B2 (en) * 2016-12-07 2021-07-27 Assa Abloy Entrance Systems Ab Automatic door operator for a swing door assembly
US10648214B2 (en) * 2017-02-14 2020-05-12 Steve Cummings Automatic lock-unlock door safety control
US20180230727A1 (en) * 2017-02-14 2018-08-16 Steve Cummings Automatic lock-unlock door safety control
US11072964B2 (en) * 2018-01-23 2021-07-27 Jeffrey Michael Teta Compact hinge actuating device
US10865595B2 (en) * 2018-12-17 2020-12-15 Schlage Lock Company Llc Door closer with hold-open and release
CN111359123A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-07-03 国网宁夏电力有限公司 用于电力系统的消防子机装置
CN111346324A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-06-30 国网宁夏电力有限公司 用于电力系统的消防控制系统
CN113309426A (zh) * 2021-06-30 2021-08-27 南京康尼机电股份有限公司 用于ls锁闭装置门系统的远程隔离装置
EP4375459A1 (de) * 2022-11-28 2024-05-29 GEZE GmbH Feststellanlage
EP4375460A1 (de) * 2022-11-28 2024-05-29 GEZE GmbH Feststellanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4878757A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-10-22
DE2300398A1 (de) 1973-07-12
FR2167789A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-08-24
CA966515A (en) 1975-04-22
JPS5237304B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-09-21
IT976417B (it) 1974-08-20
GB1398461A (en) 1975-06-25
BE792144A (fr) 1973-03-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3777423A (en) Condition responsive door holder-closer
US3905063A (en) Condition responsive door holder-closer
US3908309A (en) Particulate products of combustion detector for closure frame
US5576581A (en) Door control system and release mechanism
US5082316A (en) Release mechanism and method with alarm circuit
US4540208A (en) Point-of-egress control device for safely securing emergency exit doors
US4470625A (en) Emergency exit door latch with hydraulic and electronic delay
US3975723A (en) Door alert system and magnetic switch therefor
US4837560A (en) Smoke alarm controlled unlocking apparatus for window bars
US3161742A (en) Magnetic intruder and fire deterctor
US4609910A (en) Exit door security system
US4304070A (en) Emergency air vent structure
WO1995014323A9 (en) Door control system and release mechanism
US4354699A (en) Apparatus for delaying opening of doors
US5035450A (en) Door exit-delaying means
US4225164A (en) Automatic door and window locking system
US4054008A (en) Automatic door opening arrangement
EP0099223A2 (en) Electromechanical release mechanism
GB1384862A (en) Fire door structure and fire safety installation including said door structure
US3258875A (en) Electromagnetic door holder and releaser
US3477176A (en) Magnetic door holder
US4995651A (en) Release mechanism and method
US6278367B1 (en) Article displacement indication
US20140361870A1 (en) Unauthorized person deterrent apparatus, system, and method of use thereof
US3903647A (en) Automatic sliding door