US3776422A - Compressed gas breathing apparatus - Google Patents

Compressed gas breathing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3776422A
US3776422A US00301461A US3776422DA US3776422A US 3776422 A US3776422 A US 3776422A US 00301461 A US00301461 A US 00301461A US 3776422D A US3776422D A US 3776422DA US 3776422 A US3776422 A US 3776422A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
pressure
gas
seat
outlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00301461A
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English (en)
Inventor
L Wise
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MSA Safety Inc
Original Assignee
Mine Safety Appliances Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mine Safety Appliances Co filed Critical Mine Safety Appliances Co
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Publication of US3776422A publication Critical patent/US3776422A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0051—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes with alarm devices

Definitions

  • a pressure reducer is connected between a source of high pressure breathing gas and the inlet of a normally closed pneumatically operated control valve, the outlet of which is connected with a pressure reducing demand valve leading to a facepiece.
  • a tube also connects the breathing gas source with another part of the control valve for holding the latter open as long as the breathing gas pressure remains above a predetermined [52] US. Cl. 222/3, 222/39 value, whereby the control valve connects the Prey [51] lllt. Cl B6711 5/32 Sure reducer i the demand valve.
  • a hell or whistle is sounded as the alarm, but such an alarm consumes too much of the valuable available gas. Also, under certain conditions, the signal may not be heard.
  • high resistance to breathing is used as an alarm, but the intensity of the alarm is directly proportional to the rate of breathing, so during shallow breathing the alarm is weak and may be unnoticed.
  • Such a system also has only one minor abrupt change in the breathing resistance. If the user is breathing shallowly when this change takes place, it may go unnoticed. Furthermore, such a system does not automatically reset. Failure to reset the alarm manually results in no alarm later. Finally, the increased resistance to breathing reduces the flow from the regulator.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the system
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal section of the alarm-control valve in its open position
  • FIG. 3 is a central longitudinal section of the closed alarm valve
  • FIG. 4 is a side view, partly in longitudinal section, showing the alarm valve open.
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary cross section taken on the line V-V of FIG. 4.
  • the regulator of the compressed gas breathing apparatus is shown within the dotted line rectangle.
  • This regulator is connected with a suitable source of compressed gas, such as a tank 1 of compressed air, and with a facepiece 2 or mask for the user of the apparatus.
  • the regulator shown includes a pressure reducing valve 3, the inlet of which is connected with the compressed gas tank by a conduit 4. Assuming that the tank contains gas under a pressure of 2,000 psi, for example, the pressure reducer preferably reduces this pressure to between 65 and 80 psi.
  • the outlet of the pressure reducer is connected by a conduit 6 to the inlet of a normally closed pneumatically operated alarm-control valve 7, the outlet of which is connected by a conduit 8 with the inlet of a'pressure reducing demand valve 9 of any suitable well-known construction.
  • the outlet of the demand valve is connected by a hose 10 with the facepiece 2.
  • valve 7 One way of keeping valve 7 open is to connect the first conduit 4 to the upper end of the control valve by means of a tube 12 to supply high pressure gas to that valve.
  • pressure acts on a piston 13 slidably disposed in an axial passage 14 of the valve housing and moves the piston downwardly.
  • the enlarged base of the piston supports the upper end of a stem 15 that extends down through a sleeve 16 rigidly mounted in the housing.
  • the lower end of the sleeve is provided with an inlet port 17 encircled at its lower end by a valve seat 18.
  • the stem extends downthrough this port, with its lower end slidably mounted in a bearing 19 encircled by vertical openings 20.
  • a closure member 22 is rigidly mounted on the stem.
  • the piston compressses a coil spring 23 encircling the stem between the bottom of the sleeve and a collar 24 threaded on the stem.
  • the spring pressure can be adjusted so that the closure member 22 will be raised against the valve seat whenever the gas pressure above the piston falls to a predetermined value, such as 600 psi for example.
  • the side of the sleeve is provided with outlet ports 25 that communicate with the outlet 26 of the valve housing.
  • an alarm valve 30 is connected into the system by a conduit 31 extending from this valves inlet to the outlet of pressure reducer 3 or to conduit 6 leading from that outlet.
  • the outlet of the alarm valve is connected by a conduit 32 either with conduit 8 connecting the control valve with the demand valve, or directly to the demand valve itself.
  • This alarm valve normally is closed as shown in FIG. 3 and is pneumatically operated to open it.
  • the alarm valve may be constructed as follows.
  • the housing of the alarm valve has an inlet 35 at its front end and an outlet 36 at its back or downstream end.
  • a closure-supporting diaphragm 37 Inside the housing the marginal area of a closure-supporting diaphragm 37 is clamped.
  • the central portion of this diaphragm is provided' with an opening and is clamped between a clamping ring 38 and an annular metal disc 39 provided with an axial passage 40 aligned with the diaphragm opening. Screws 41 extend through the ring and diaphragm and into the disc.
  • Diaphragm 45 is a movable valve closure that is engageable with a valve seat 50 encircling the inner end of passage 40.
  • the back portion of sleeve 42 extends radially inward around an axially adjustable check valve body 51 provided with a central bore 52. There is a small clearance between this body and the sleeve, along which the sleeve can move back and forth.
  • the front end of the inner part of the sleeve forms a check valve seat 53 that normally engages the back of a flexible valve disc 54 provided with a central stem 55 plugged into bore 52.
  • Compressed between the front flange 43 of sleeve 42 and the rear wall of the chamber in which the sleeve is located there is a coil spring 56 that urges the sleeve and metal disc 39 toward their forward positions shown in FIG. 3, in which the alarm valve is closed.
  • each inhalation reduces the pressure in conduits 8 and 32 for a moment to a predetermined value, such as 30 psi, which causes a pressure drop through the alarm valve so that support diaphragm 37 and metal disc 39 immediately move rearwardly against the resistance of the coil spring.
  • a predetermined value such as 30 psi
  • Opening of the alarm valve allows gas from inlet 35 to flow through disc passage 40 and into the space between the metal disc and the flexible diaphragm and then forward through holes 49 in the disc and radially outward through slots 47 and then back around the disc into the chamber behind it, from which the gas enters the outlet 36 of the valve.
  • the first pressure reducer 3 can be eliminated, but this would require a modified alarm-control valve through which the high tank pressure gas could flow. Or, pressure reducer 3 could be placed between the demand valve and conduits 8 and 32.
  • Compressed gas breathing apparatus comprising a conduit with an inlet for connection to a source of breathing gas under high pressure, a normally closed pneumatically operated control valve with an outlet, a normally closed pneumatically operated alarm valve with an outlet, a pressure-reducing demand valve having an inlet connected with said valve outlets and having an outlet for connection to a facepiece, gasconducting means connecting the outlet of conduit with the inlets of said control and alarm valves, said control valve containing pneumatic pressure actuated means for holding it open as long as said gas pressure remains above a predetermined value to thereby connect said conduit with the demand valve, the alarm valve being formed and constructed to be opened abruptly by the pressure drop across it every time the demand valve is opened while said control valve is close due to reduction in said gas pressure below said pre-determined value, whereby to create a pulse of gas at the outlet of the demand valve that will signal the user of the apparatus that the control valve has closed.
  • Compressed gas breathing apparatus including a tube connecting said conduit with said pressure actuated means in the control valve for applying said gas pressure thereto to hold the control valve open.
  • control valve includes a valve port encircled by a seat between the inlet and outlet of that valve, a closure member, and a spring normally holding said closure member against said seat
  • pressure actuated means includes a piston operatively connected with said closure member for moving it away from said seat against the resistance of said spring, the control valve having a passage connecting said tube with said piston.
  • Compressed gas breathing apparatus including means for adjusting the pressure exerted by said spring, whereby to control said predetermined value of said gas pressure.
  • Compressed gas breathing apparatus including a stem extending through said valve port and rigidly connected to said piston and closure member.
  • Compressed gas breathing apparatus including a stem extending through said valve port and rigidly connected to said piston and closure member, and a collar threaded on said stem, said spring being a coil spring encircling said stem and compressed between said collar and valve port.
  • said alarm valve includes a valve seat, a diaphragm between the seat and the valve outlet, a normally closed chamber having said diaphragm as one wall whereby a predetermined gas pressure in the chamber will hold the diaphragm against said seat to maintain the valve closed, a normally closed check valve for said chamber, and means actuated by said pressure drop for opening said check valve so that the gas pressure at the valve inlet will force the diaphragm away from its seat.
  • said check valve includes a closure member and movable valve seat normally engaging each other
  • said check valve opening means includes means supporting said first-mentioned seat for movement toward the valve outlet when said pressure drop occurs, and means connecting said supporting means with the check valve seat for moving it away from said closure member.
  • said supporting means includes an annular disc provided with an axial passage encircled by said first-mentioned seat, and a diaphragm supporting said disc and provided with a central opening aligned with said passage, the alarm valve also including a spring urging said check valve seat toward said closure member.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
US00301461A 1972-10-25 1972-10-25 Compressed gas breathing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3776422A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US30146172A 1972-10-25 1972-10-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3776422A true US3776422A (en) 1973-12-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00301461A Expired - Lifetime US3776422A (en) 1972-10-25 1972-10-25 Compressed gas breathing apparatus

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3776422A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5717541B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA971854A (fr)
FR (1) FR2204970A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1427400A (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4199006A (en) * 1978-02-28 1980-04-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Pneumatic valve
US5881725A (en) * 1997-08-19 1999-03-16 Victor Equipment Company Pneumatic oxygen conserver
WO2001072584A1 (fr) * 2000-03-29 2001-10-04 Norbert Stoffer Dispositif de securite pour systeme d'alimentation en gaz, notamment d'air comprime, et utilisation de ce dispositif pour la realisation d'un raccord de securite
US6364161B1 (en) 2000-09-27 2002-04-02 Victor Equipment Company Oxygen conserver
CN103028173A (zh) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-10 北京航天长峰股份有限公司 一种气动报警装置
US10835700B2 (en) 2015-10-30 2020-11-17 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Breathing training, monitoring and/or assistance device
US11389695B2 (en) 2015-10-30 2022-07-19 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Breathing training, monitoring and/or assistance device

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2201096B (en) * 1987-02-13 1990-09-19 Sabre Safety Ltd Emergency escape breathing apparatus

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3524424A (en) * 1967-05-03 1970-08-18 Automatic Sprinkler Corp Low pressure alarm
US3584596A (en) * 1968-12-05 1971-06-15 Ato Inc Low pressure warning device
US3594745A (en) * 1969-05-08 1971-07-20 Norgren Co C A Valve for signaling three conditions

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3524424A (en) * 1967-05-03 1970-08-18 Automatic Sprinkler Corp Low pressure alarm
US3584596A (en) * 1968-12-05 1971-06-15 Ato Inc Low pressure warning device
US3594745A (en) * 1969-05-08 1971-07-20 Norgren Co C A Valve for signaling three conditions

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4199006A (en) * 1978-02-28 1980-04-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Pneumatic valve
US5881725A (en) * 1997-08-19 1999-03-16 Victor Equipment Company Pneumatic oxygen conserver
WO2001072584A1 (fr) * 2000-03-29 2001-10-04 Norbert Stoffer Dispositif de securite pour systeme d'alimentation en gaz, notamment d'air comprime, et utilisation de ce dispositif pour la realisation d'un raccord de securite
US6364161B1 (en) 2000-09-27 2002-04-02 Victor Equipment Company Oxygen conserver
CN103028173A (zh) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-10 北京航天长峰股份有限公司 一种气动报警装置
US10835700B2 (en) 2015-10-30 2020-11-17 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Breathing training, monitoring and/or assistance device
US11389695B2 (en) 2015-10-30 2022-07-19 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Breathing training, monitoring and/or assistance device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2344150B2 (de) 1976-02-05
FR2204970A5 (fr) 1974-05-24
JPS5717541B2 (fr) 1982-04-12
JPS4973892A (fr) 1974-07-17
DE2344150A1 (de) 1974-05-02
GB1427400A (en) 1976-03-10
CA971854A (en) 1975-07-29

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