US3776164A - Apparatus for filling and, if desired, emptying inert gas poor in oxygen into or from holds in ships, respectively - Google Patents

Apparatus for filling and, if desired, emptying inert gas poor in oxygen into or from holds in ships, respectively Download PDF

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Publication number
US3776164A
US3776164A US00185597A US3776164DA US3776164A US 3776164 A US3776164 A US 3776164A US 00185597 A US00185597 A US 00185597A US 3776164D A US3776164D A US 3776164DA US 3776164 A US3776164 A US 3776164A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
conduit
air
turbine
inert gas
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00185597A
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English (en)
Inventor
T Westrum
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kongsberg Gruppen ASA
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Kongsberg Vapenfabrikk AS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/14—Production of inert gas mixtures; Use of inert gases in general
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B57/00—Tank or cargo hold cleaning specially adapted for vessels
    • B63B57/04—Tank or cargo hold cleaning specially adapted for vessels by ventilating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A62C3/10—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles in ships
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide

Definitions

  • compressed air from the compressor unit of the turbine/generator set is tapped off and passed through an injectorin which additional air from the atmosphere is entrained.
  • the combined air is passed through the cooler and fed to the tanks througha suitable distribution system.
  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for filling and, if desired, emptying inert gas,
  • the exhaust gases entrain impurities and cause deposits on the blowers, valves and conduits.
  • Sulphuric or sulphurousacid may be present in the exhaust gases, and the required
  • the apparatus of the invention is primarily characterized in that it is adapted to be connected to the exhaust conduit from a gas turbine which also serves other purposes, for instance the operation of a generator, said apparatus comprising anafterburner for reduction of the oxygen content of theexhaust gases, 'a cooler for reduction of the temperature of the gases, a discharge conduit for the cooled combustion gases and a valve for controlling the supply of exhaust gases to maintain the pressure of the inert gas within the desired limits.
  • Gas turbines are often installed as an auxilliary or emergency set onboard ships. Such sets are mostly not in use when the ship is unloading, and the set is then available for the production of inert gas for the filling of the oil tanks of the ship as these tanks are emptied. It is true that the exhaust gases from a gas turbine are not directly suited as an inert gas for said purpose, since the oxygen content is comparatively high.
  • the oxygen content is relatively constant, and the ex- .haust gasestherefore lend themselves to an afterburninto tanks and other holds or rooms in the ship. Such blower is seriously exposed to corrosion; Therefore, the I apparatus requires a rather large amount of maintenance. In addition, the blower requiredfor blowing the exhaust gases into the tanks of the ship produce rather much noise. Further, the system depends upon the presence of aburner for a steam boiler.
  • the object of the presentinvention is to provide a method and an apparatus 'of the kind iinitially referred to, which does neither depend on steam boiler bumersnorrequire any blower for providing the. required pressure of the inert gases, but is still substantially cheaper 5Q thepressure is reduced and additional air is drawn in.
  • inertgas is primarily intended for the filling of empty oil tanks, but may also be used for instance in extin-p guishing fire in engine rooms.
  • Themethod of the invention is characterized in that asa combustion device there is used .agas turbine .holds by the pressure downstream of .the turbine-and! without the aid of blowers.
  • air having the required pressure for displacing the inert gas from the holdsof the ship may, be supplied from the compressor unit of i the gas turbine; a portion of the air compressed in the compressor being passed through an injector in which Air of suitable pressure supplied from the injector is passed through the cooler of the apparatus to reduce the temperature of theair and further to the tanks in order to displace the inert gas therein.
  • the apparatus comprises an airconduit for connection to the pressure side of the compressor unit of the turbine and delivery of compressed air to the discharge conduit through the coolerand an injector inserted in said air conduit and operated by the com pressed air from the compressor to draw additional air into the airconduit.
  • the inert gas apparatus according to the invention is based upon the presence of such a gas turbine set and is connected to this set in the following way:
  • An exhaust conduit 9 is connected to the exhaust conduit 7.
  • the distribution of the exhaust gases on the exhaust pipe 8 and the exhaust conduit 9 is controlled by a throttle valve 10 in the exhaust pipe 8 in a manner which will be described later in more detail.
  • the exhaust conduit 9 is closed by a valve 11. I
  • the exhaust gases from the exhaust conduit 9 are passed to an afterburner 12 having a fuel nozzle 13 fed from the fuel tank 5 through a conduit 14 by means of a pump 15.
  • the fuel amount is controlled in a manner which will be described later in more detail.
  • the afterburner is required primarily to reduce the oxygen content of the exhaust gases from the gas turbine.
  • exhaust gases from the gas turbine may have the following analysis:
  • the exhaust gases Downstream of the afterburner the exhaust gases may have the following composition:
  • the exhaust gases from the afterburner 12 are passed into a cooling tower 16 in which they are cooled by spraying with sea water supplied through a conduit 17 by means of a cooling water pump 18.
  • the cooling water collects in the bottom of the cooler 16 and is discharged into the sea through a conduit 19.
  • the cooled gases are passed through a water separator 20 and further through a discharge conduit 21 leading to a distributing system not shown.
  • the flow of fuel through the valve 25 is further throttled, whereby more fuel will be supplied to the afterburner 12 through the fuel nozzle 13. If the oxygen content in the exhaust gases. lies below a certain limit, this must be taken as an indication that an incomplete combustion may take place in the afterburner l2, and that the exhaust gases may contain an excessive amount of carbon monoxide. The flow through the valve 25 will then be increased so that the fuel supply to the fuel nozzle 13 is reduced.
  • the oxygen analyser 24 also actuate s a valve 27 in the discharge conduit 21 and a valve 28 in a conduit 29 branched from the discharge conduit 21 and leading to the atmosphere.
  • the valves 27 and 28 are so controlled that the exhaust gases are passed to the ships holds through the distribution system not shown, only when the oxygen content lies within predetermined limits, whereas the gases are passed to the atmosphere through the conduit 21 when the oxygen content is too high or too low, a low oxygen content being, as already mentioned, interpreted as an indication of an excessive carbonmonoxide content.
  • 34 is a safety valve.
  • valve 1 1 When the apparatus according to the invention is to be used for displacing the inert gas from the holds in the ship by means of fresh air having the required pressure, the valve 1 1 will be closed and the afterburner 12 and the described control devices will be out of operation. A portion of the air compressed by the compressor 1 is diverted through a conduit 30. This, of course, reduces the output of thegas turbine 3, and it must be expected that the generator 4 cannot be subjected to a load during this period-The compressed air from the conduit 30 is supplied to an injector 31 which reduces the pressure of the air and at the same time draws in additional air through an air inlet 32.
  • a gas turbine set of the capacity previously referred to will produce about 31,000 standard m exhaust gas per hour, and when the pressure in the exhaust conduit downstream of the turbine is to be 18.5 'psia, the temperature of the exhaust gases will be about 550 C. The exhaust temperature will of course rise further in the after-burner, and when the apparatus is to supply inert gas, comparatively large amounts of cooling water (about 1,500 m per hour) will be required in the cooler 12. As previously indicated the pump 18 for circulating this amount of cooling water may be operated with an input of about 300 kW, which may be provided by the gas turbine set. When the set supplies air for displacing the inert gas from the tanks, a substantially lower amount of cooling water is required, since in this case only about 18,000 standard m air per hour must be cooled from a temperature of about 100 C.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 characterized by an oxygen analyser for analysing the oxygen content of the supplied inert gas and a valve for controlling the supply of fuel to the afterburner said valve being controlled in accordance with the result of the analysis.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 2' characterized by a branch conduit leading from the discharge conduit for inert gas into the atmosphere and one or more valves controlled by the oxygen analyser for supplying gas to the branch conduit instead of the discharge conduit when the oxygen content is not within the prescribed limits.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 3 characterized by an airwconduit for connection to the pressure side of the compressor unit of the turbine and delivery of compressed air to the discharge conduit through the cooler and an injector inserted in 'said air conduit and operated by the compressed air from the compressor to draw additional air into the air conduit.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
US00185597A 1970-10-03 1971-10-01 Apparatus for filling and, if desired, emptying inert gas poor in oxygen into or from holds in ships, respectively Expired - Lifetime US3776164A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO03750/70*[A NO127908B (fr) 1970-10-03 1970-10-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3776164A true US3776164A (en) 1973-12-04

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ID=19879823

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00185597A Expired - Lifetime US3776164A (en) 1970-10-03 1971-10-01 Apparatus for filling and, if desired, emptying inert gas poor in oxygen into or from holds in ships, respectively

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3776164A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5436398B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE2148326C3 (fr)
GB (1) GB1302678A (fr)
NO (1) NO127908B (fr)
SE (1) SE377090B (fr)
SU (1) SU618022A3 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3947217A (en) * 1972-09-22 1976-03-30 Smit Nijmegan B.V. Process and apparatus for the production of inert gas
US20040065778A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-04-08 Jones Philip E. Increasing the performance of aircraft on-board inert gas generating systems by turbocharging
US6729359B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2004-05-04 Shaw Aero Devices, Inc. Modular on-board inert gas generating system
US6739359B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2004-05-25 Shaw Aero Devices, Inc. On-board inert gas generating system optimization by pressure scheduling
US20040177754A1 (en) * 2001-06-19 2004-09-16 Huglen Ostein Hc-shielding gas
US20070037893A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2007-02-15 Bradford Stuart R Process to transport a methanol or hydrocarbon product
US20110023765A1 (en) * 2008-04-09 2011-02-03 Henriksson Torbjoern Machinery arrangement for marine vessel
US20140238533A1 (en) * 2013-02-25 2014-08-28 Mo Husain Efficiently effectively inserting inert gases into the entire volumes and ullage spaces of ships' steel ballast tanks to retard interior corrosion
CN108252770A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-07-06 中国矿业大学 一种船舶消防灭火抑爆系统
CN110304261A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2019-10-08 南京航空航天大学 一种飞机发动机尾气回收式燃油箱惰化系统

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4222074C1 (de) * 1992-07-04 1993-11-25 Smit Ovens Bv Verfahren zum Korrosionsschutz, insbesondere von Ballasttanks von Schiffen
US5918679A (en) * 1997-10-14 1999-07-06 Cramer; Frank B. Fire safety system

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2142545A (en) * 1930-10-17 1939-01-03 Charles L Coughlin Pressure actuated control means in systems for generation of inert gases
US3285711A (en) * 1963-04-24 1966-11-15 Exxon Research Engineering Co Inert flue gas system
US3389972A (en) * 1964-04-08 1968-06-25 John E. Pottharst Jr. Inert gas generator

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE904637C (de) * 1943-02-14 1954-02-22 Still Fa Carl Verwendung eines inerten, aus Ofenabgas hergestellten Gases als Schutzgas

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2142545A (en) * 1930-10-17 1939-01-03 Charles L Coughlin Pressure actuated control means in systems for generation of inert gases
US3285711A (en) * 1963-04-24 1966-11-15 Exxon Research Engineering Co Inert flue gas system
US3389972A (en) * 1964-04-08 1968-06-25 John E. Pottharst Jr. Inert gas generator

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3947217A (en) * 1972-09-22 1976-03-30 Smit Nijmegan B.V. Process and apparatus for the production of inert gas
US20040177754A1 (en) * 2001-06-19 2004-09-16 Huglen Ostein Hc-shielding gas
US6729359B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2004-05-04 Shaw Aero Devices, Inc. Modular on-board inert gas generating system
US7048231B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2006-05-23 Shaw Aero Devices, Inc. Increasing the performance of aircraft on-board inert gas generating systems by turbocharging
US6739359B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2004-05-25 Shaw Aero Devices, Inc. On-board inert gas generating system optimization by pressure scheduling
WO2005002968A1 (fr) * 2002-10-04 2005-01-13 Shaw Aero Devices, Inc. Optimisation d'un systeme de production de gaz inerte de bord par planification de la pression
US20040065778A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2004-04-08 Jones Philip E. Increasing the performance of aircraft on-board inert gas generating systems by turbocharging
US20060151669A1 (en) * 2002-10-04 2006-07-13 Jones Philip E Increasing the performance of aircraft on-board inert gas generating systems by turbocharging
US7172157B2 (en) 2002-10-04 2007-02-06 Shaw Aero Devices, Inc. Increasing the performance of aircraft on-board inert gas generating systems by turbocharging
US20070037893A1 (en) * 2003-10-29 2007-02-15 Bradford Stuart R Process to transport a methanol or hydrocarbon product
US20110023765A1 (en) * 2008-04-09 2011-02-03 Henriksson Torbjoern Machinery arrangement for marine vessel
US8647162B2 (en) * 2008-04-09 2014-02-11 Wartsila Finland Oy Machinery arrangement for marine vessel
US20140238533A1 (en) * 2013-02-25 2014-08-28 Mo Husain Efficiently effectively inserting inert gases into the entire volumes and ullage spaces of ships' steel ballast tanks to retard interior corrosion
CN108252770A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-07-06 中国矿业大学 一种船舶消防灭火抑爆系统
CN110304261A (zh) * 2019-04-30 2019-10-08 南京航空航天大学 一种飞机发动机尾气回收式燃油箱惰化系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2148326C3 (de) 1985-12-05
JPS5436398B1 (fr) 1979-11-08
GB1302678A (fr) 1973-01-10
NO127908B (fr) 1973-09-03
SU618022A3 (ru) 1978-07-30
DE2148326B2 (de) 1976-12-09
SE377090B (fr) 1975-06-23
DE2148326A1 (de) 1972-04-06

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