US3776057A - Control device for one-hand operation - Google Patents

Control device for one-hand operation Download PDF

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Publication number
US3776057A
US3776057A US00219031A US3776057DA US3776057A US 3776057 A US3776057 A US 3776057A US 00219031 A US00219031 A US 00219031A US 3776057D A US3776057D A US 3776057DA US 3776057 A US3776057 A US 3776057A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
control
control device
support means
members
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00219031A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Haas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bruker Biospin GmbH
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Bruker Biospin GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G13/00—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with two or more controlling members and also two or more controlled members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/21—Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels
    • B63H21/213—Levers or the like for controlling the engine or the transmission, e.g. single hand control levers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C13/00—Control systems or transmitting systems for actuating flying-control surfaces, lift-increasing flaps, air brakes, or spoilers
    • B64C13/02—Initiating means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20012—Multiple controlled elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20012—Multiple controlled elements
    • Y10T74/20201—Control moves in two planes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control device for one-hand operation pennitting a plurality of variables
  • control devices for one-hand operation have been known heretofore, e.'g. in the'form of the joy stick customarily employed in aircraft.
  • Similar control devices have also been used for remote-controlled model aircraft to operate the elevator and rudder by moving the stick accordingly so that the airborne plane will climb, sink or bank.
  • the joy stick controls the right-hand and lefthand deflections of the rudder as well as ahead and astern drive of the propulsion unit. Howevenmany applications call for the control of a plurality of functions.
  • the object of the present invention to provide an improved control device which permits the transmission of the control movements to control elements through comparatively large swivel angles and which, in addition, affords the possibility of influencing more than two variables.
  • this object is accomplished by providing a control device which is characterized in that is has a swivel-mounted support assembly'which can be swiveled to position a first control element and in that at least one operating member whose swivel axis is'normal to the swivel axis of the support assembly and which can be swiveled to position a second control element is swivably on the said support assembly.
  • a special advantage of such a control device consists in that it permits very large swivel angles and that yet the motions transmitted to the control elements do not interfere with each other.
  • An added advantage consists in that only pivot bearings are used which provide an accurately defined axis of rotation and which can be constructed with a minimum of clearance, thus eliminating a major problem inherent in conventional ball-and-socket guides and joints.
  • the support assembly may .take any desired suitable form.
  • the support assembly takes the form of a member intersect in the center of the sphere, although an-arrangement in which the point of intersection is located at some distance from the center of the sphere would also be practicable.
  • the swivel axes of the sphere and of the operating member may be located so that they will not intersect at all.
  • the operating member which is swivably supported on the support assembly may take any desired form, such as that ofa lever.
  • control device As mentioned herein first above, it is frequently desirable that such a control device be capable of influencing more than two control functions.
  • the control device of the present invention readily permits a further variable to be controlled.
  • a second swivably supported operating member whose swivel axis coincides with the swivel axis of the first operating member and which can be swiveled to position a third control element.
  • the operating members may take the form'of lever. double level.
  • the control device is capable of controlling not only the main propulsion unit as regards output and sense of rotation but also auxiliary propulsion units located in the bow and stem or on the sides-of the submarine craft for maneuvering purposes and acting in a direction normal to the direction in which the main propulsion unit acts.
  • the craft may be moved in the vertical direction without any change of buoyant lift.
  • the craft may be tilted about a longitudinal and/or transverse axis by operating the auxiliary propulsion units'unequ'ally.
  • the auxiliary propulsion units are capable of producing a relatively high positive or negative buoyancy enabling the position of the submarine craft to be changed quickly. Producing such positive or negative buoyancy by flooding or blowing of ballast tanks would be a relativelyslow process owing to the large amounts of water to be displaced and restoring the desired suspended condition by accurately trimming the submarine, craft upon reaching the desired position would also be very time-consuming.
  • the swivel motion of the support assembly is used to control a main propulsion unit, said support assembly adjusting speed and/or sense of rotation of the motor of the main propulsion unit through the first control element.
  • the swivel motions of the operating members are used to control two auxiliary propulsion units disposed in spaced relation to each other, said operating members adjusting speed and/or sense of rotation of the motor of the respective auxiliary propulsion unit through the second or third control element.
  • control device may be used to control both the main propulsion unit by swiveling the support assembly and the auxiliary propulsion units, which preferably act in a direction normal to the direction in which the main propulsion unit acts, by means of the operating members.
  • the control device in accordance with the invention can be used to great advantage.
  • the two auxiliary propulsion units are then preferably located in the bow and stem regions of the craft. By operating the two auxiliary propulsion units simultaneously, the submarine craft may be displaced in parallel relation to itself transversely to its longitudinal axis.
  • the craft By driving the two auxiliary propulsion units unequally, the craft may be turned about its vertical axis. Thus, a target need not be approached with the bow ahead and it is also possible to turn the craft on the spot.
  • the control device is disposed so that the swivel axis of the sphere or support assembly extends transversely to the longitudinal axis of the craft in a horizontal plane and that the swivel axis of bothoperating members extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the craft.
  • the two operating members are displaced out of their central position in opposite directions, with the result that the two auxiliary propulsion units act with equal power in opposite directions, thusproducing a force couple which turns the submarine craft about its vertical axis.
  • the control device of the invention which consists in that the support assembly may be swiveled by the operating members when the operating member is not moved tangentially to its swivel axis but in a direction having a component which is normal thereto.
  • the support assembly may beprovided with shaft stubs which are rigidly connected to the support assembly and which transmit their swivel motions to control elements.
  • the support assembly is swivelmounted on fixed journals and the control element which may be positioned by the swivel motion of the support assembly is secured to said support assembly, the positioning element of the control element being operatively connected to the journal.
  • the special advantage of this arrangement consists in that the control element may be protected by accommodating it within the support assembly, i.e., within the sphere, for example.
  • the journal has splined onto it a gear which meshes with another gear splined onto the shaft serving as positioning element for the control element, the control element being located so that when the support assembly is swiveled its shaft will move along an arcuate path whose axis coincides with the swivel axis.
  • the desired transmission ratio of the swivel angle of the support assembly to the positioning angle of the positioning element may be selected by an appropriate choice of the numbers of teeth of the two gears.
  • the further control elements whose positioning elements are operatively connected to the operating members are also secured to the support assembly.
  • This is no problem because the operating members are supported on the support assembly so that they perform no motions relatively to the support assembly apart from their own swivel motion. This only relative motion with respect to the support assembly is transmitted to the positioning elements for positioning purposes.
  • one embodiment of the invention provides for a coaxial arrangement of the control element shafts serving as positoning elements and the swivel axes of the operating members. This means that the swivel motion of the operating members may be directly transmitted to the positioning shafts of the control elements.
  • planetary gear drives may be interposed between the said coaxial shafts to provide for a specific transmission ratio between the swivel angles of the operating member and the positioning shafts of the control elements.
  • control means such as slide valves or cylindrical rotary valves acting as switches and/or controllable throttles to influence hydraulic control circuits
  • potentiometers and/or switches are used as control elements, the switches serving to effect a change-over in the central neutral zone and the potentiometers being used for stepless control, preferably in proportion to the swivel angle.
  • the advantage consists in that the necessary electric connecting cables can be led out without any difficulty, e.g., through a journal which is provided with a hollow interior for that purpose.
  • An added advantage consists in that both the switches and the potentiometers are relatively small components, which results in a handy size of the control device.
  • the relatively small dimensions of the potentiometers also enable the potentiometer for the main propulsion unit to be shifted from the center towards the periphery of the sphere and to mesh the gear splined onto its positioning shaft with the gear splined onto the journal in the manner previously described. ln this case, the potentiometer is shifted away from the center of the sphere in the opposite direction of the operating members so that the swivel angle of the operating members may be relatively large because there is then no interference from the potentiometer. This enables the swivel range of the operating members to be increased to about which is the maximum possible value permitted by design limitations.
  • the switches are preferably designed for actuation by means of cam plates which can be swiveled together with the operating members and are secured to the journals for the support assembly, said cam plates being disposed so that the switches will switch on the respective propulsion unit upon being moved through only a small swivel angle with respect to the neutral position.
  • the switches reverse the sense of rotation while the potentiometers ajust the speed, preferably in proportion to the swivel angles of the operating members and the support assembly. It is, however, also possible, e.g., by using suitable function potentiometers, to establish any desired other relationship between swivel angle and speed such as a mechanism whereby a large swivel vicinity of the neutral zone.
  • Such function potentiomcontrol solenoid-operated change-over valves while the potentiometers are used to control flow control valves. This provides a very advantageous and practical transition from the electrical system of the control device to the hydraulic system of the craft.
  • the control device may be designed for permanent installation. However, according to a preferred embodiment of this invention the control device is provided with detachable fasteners of a mechanical nature as well as connectors for all control lines. This affords the advantage that the control device may be fastened and connected at any point of the submarine craft that has been prepared for that purpose. It is, for instance, possible to provide such fastening and connecting points at all observation windows.
  • the advantage consists in that the faborable maneuvering properties of a submarine craft equipped with the control device of the present invention can be fully utilized by permitting the helmsman to move with his control device to the observation window located nearest to the point towards which he wishes to steer the craft.
  • a gripping device is provided on the side of the craft or a soil sampling device at the stem, the helmsman can move to the adjacent window and control the motions of the submarine craft and the operation of the tools, grapplers' and manipulators with direct visual observation.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a control device in accor dance with the invention, I r
  • FIG. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1, partly as an elevation and partly as a sectional view along the line II-II in FIG. 1, a v
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view along the line III-III in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 4 is partly a sectional view along the line IV'IV in FIG. 3 and partly a top plan view in the direction of the arrow IV showing the device with its hood removed,
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing how a propulsion unit controlled by means of the control device of the invention can be operated
  • v FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of a submarine craft with a plurality of propulsion units which may be controlled by means of the control device of this invention.
  • the control device ring the present invention is provided with a tubular support fing 1 having a flange 2 on one side which is provided with holes 3 for fastening purposes.
  • the support ring 1 On the side facing away from the flange 2, the support ring 1 is provided with two diametrically opposed coaxial hollow journals 4 and 5. The axis of 6 the journals extends parallel to the plane defined by the flange 2.
  • the support assembly comprises one lower hemisphere 6 and two upper quarter spheres 7 with a longitudinal slot 8 extending along their parting line. Viewed from above, the longitudinal slot 8 extends parallel to the axis of the journals 4 and 5.
  • the hemisphere 6 and the quarter spheres 7 are fastened to a frame-type supporting structure 9 which is provided with bores to receive the journals 4 and 5.
  • the supporting structure 9, together with the quarter spheres 7 andv the hemisphere 6, may be swiveled about the common axis of the journals 4 and 5.
  • the frame 9 is of the split type. Its plane of separation coincides with the plane of separation between the hemisphere 6 and the quarter spheres 7.
  • the hollow journal 4 receives a shaft stub 10 on which a gear 11 is mounted in a manner preventing relative rotation.
  • the shaft stub 10 cannot rotate with respect to the support ring 1.
  • the gear 11 meshes with a mating gear 12 which is mounted on a positioning shaft 13 of a potentiometer 14 in a manner preventing relative rotation.
  • the potentiometer 14 is secured to the supporting structure 9, the axis of its positioning shaft extending parallel to the axis of the journals 4 and 5.
  • the supporting structure 9 also carries the switches 15 whose tappets 16 slide along cam plates 17 which are secured to the journal 5 in a manner preventing relative rotation.
  • the shape of the cam plates 17 is such that the switches 15 will be reversed upon passing the central neutral position.
  • the supporting structure 9 has secured to it a micro-switch 18 which is operated by a cam plate 19 actingon its tappet 20.
  • the cam plate '19 is rigidly connected to a control lever 21 which projects through the longitudinal slot 8 and carries a ball handle 22 at its angled free'end.
  • the cam plate 19 is mounted on a positioning shaft '23 of a potentiometer 24 in a manner preventing relative rotation.
  • the potentiometer 24, in turn, is secured to the supporting structure 9 by means of a retaining plate 25 which also serves to carry the micro-switch 18.
  • a cam plate angle of a further micro-switch 26 is provided on the retaining plate 25 and the shape of the cam plate 19 is such that the two switches 18 and 26 will be alternately operated.
  • control lever 21 serves to control a propeller producing a transverse thrust which is located in one end zone of the submarine craft while the control lever 21' controls an identical propeller producing a transverse thrust which is located in the opposite end zone of the submarine craft.
  • FIG. shows how a propulsion unit is controlled with the control device of the present invention.
  • the diagram is limited to the control system for a single propulsion unit.
  • a line 28 Through a line 28, one pole of a battery 27 is connected to a central tap 29 of a winding 30, which is the winding of the potentiometer 14.
  • the two end of the winding 30 are connected to each other and to the other pole of the battery 27 by means of a connection 31.
  • a slider 32 is located in the central zone of the winding 30 at a point whose potential equals the potential of the central tap 29.
  • a line 33 runs from the slider 32 to a winding 34 of a flow control valve 35. From the other end of the winding 34, a line 36 runs to the line 28.
  • Two switch contacts 37 which are located inside the microswitches, are connected to the line 36 with one of their poles. From the other pole of the one switch contact 37, a wire 38 runs to a winding 39 of a change-over valve 40; from the other end of the winding 39 a line 55 runs to the connection 31. Furthermore, the line 55 leads to a further winding 56 of the change-over valve 40 whence a wire 57 is led to the one pole of the second switch contact 37 whose other pole is connected to the line 36.
  • the two switch contacts 37 are in the OFF position shown in.
  • a power source 41 supplies an electric motor 43 which, through a shaft 44, drives a hydraulic pump 45 whose suction connection 46 is led into a hydraulic fluid tank 47.
  • the discharge connection of the hydraulic pump 45 has connected to it a pipe line 48 leading to the flow control valve 35 whence a further pipe line 49 leads to a connection of the change-over valve 40.
  • a pipe line 50 returns to the hydraulic fluid tank 47.
  • the two other connections of the change-over valve 40 there are connected two hose lines 51 leading to a hydraulic motor 52 which, through a shaft 53, drives a propeller 54.
  • the flow of hydraulic fluid which determines the speed of the hydraulic motor 52, and, consequently, the thrust produced by the propeller 54, depends on the amount upon excitation of the winding of fluid passed by the flow control valve 35 which, in turn, depends on the position of the slider 32 and, thus, on the angle through which the supporting structure 9, together with the hemisphere 6 and the quarter sphere 7, is swiveled.
  • a submarine craft with a pressure hull 58 is provided with the propeller 54 whose axis of rotation and, thus, direction of thrust coincides with the longitudinal axis of the pressure hull 58 of the submarine craft.
  • One propeller 59 and one propeller 60 driven by a hydraulic motor (not shown), are provided in the bow region and stern region respectively.
  • the axes of rotation of the propellers 59 and 60 are parallel to each other and normal to the axis of rotation of the propeller 54. If the orientation of the axes of rotation of the propellers 59 and 60 is vertical, the propellers may be used for surfacing or diving maneuvers.
  • the submarine craft may be displaced sideways by operating the propellers 59 and 60 with equal thrust. If the propellers are operated with unequal thrust'or in different directions, the craft may be turned about its vertical axis.
  • the hydraulic motors (not shown) which drive the propellers 59 and 60 are controlled by the swivel motion of the control levers 21 and 21'. By moving both control levers in the direction indicated by the arrow 61 in FIG. 2, the supporting structure 9 is swiveled about the axis of the journals 4 and 5, thereby influencing speed and sense of rotation of the main propeller 54.
  • Similar connectors are provided at a plurality of points in the submarine craft so that the control device with its potentiometers and switches may be installed at a plurality of points throughout the submarine craft and connected to mating connectors provided at these points, which has advantages for the helmsman steering the craft.
  • a control device for one hand operation to provide individual independent control of at least three variables, especially for the controlling of drive units of a submarine craft comprising: a pivotably mounted support means, a first control member operatively connected to and adjustable by said support means, at least two operating elements pivotally mounted on said support means, said operating elements having a common pivot axis disposed at right angles to he pivot axis of said support means, and at least a second and third control member mounted on said support means for pivoting therewith operatively connected to and adjustable by said at least two operating elements.
  • a control device as claimed in claim 1 including a main propulsion unit having a motor wherein said main propulsion unit is controlled by the pivotal motion of said support means which adjusts at least one of the speed and sense of rotation of said motor of said main propulsion unit through said first control memher.
  • said positioning means includes at least a shaft and a gear, and at least one of said journals has splined onto it a gear which meshes with said gear of said positioning means.
  • each of said control members are provided with positioning means for positioning said control members including shafts, said shafts being coaxial with the pivotal axes of said operating elements.
  • control members include potentiometers, and switch means.
  • control members include potentiometers and micro-switches.
  • a control device including drive motrs, wherein said micro-switches serve to reverse the sense of rotation of said drive motors and said potentiometers are used to adjust the speed of said drive motors.
  • a control device including further control members operatively connected to and adjustable by said support means.
  • a control device wherein said pivotally mounted support means is disposed on a pair of journals, at least one of said journals being provided with means for actuating said further control members.
  • a control device wherein said means for actuating said further control members includes at least a pair of cams fixed to said journal and engageable with said further control members.
  • a control device according to claim 18, wherein said further control members include switches prowith said cams.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
US00219031A 1971-11-06 1972-01-19 Control device for one-hand operation Expired - Lifetime US3776057A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2155190A DE2155190A1 (de) 1971-11-06 1971-11-06 Steuergeraet fuer einhandbedienung

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US3776057A true US3776057A (en) 1973-12-04

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US00219031A Expired - Lifetime US3776057A (en) 1971-11-06 1972-01-19 Control device for one-hand operation

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004021099A1 (fr) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-11 Jie Hou Dispositif de commande integre pour embarcation

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3919510A (en) * 1973-05-29 1975-11-11 Brunswick Corp Electrically controlled shift mechanism for marine propulsion units

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2379778A (en) * 1945-07-03 Fire director
US2762234A (en) * 1952-09-08 1956-09-11 Dodd Roy Frank Search-track radar control
US3104641A (en) * 1961-08-29 1963-09-24 Gen Mills Inc Underseas vehicle
US3394611A (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-07-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Output control device with adjustable self-returning null

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2379778A (en) * 1945-07-03 Fire director
US2762234A (en) * 1952-09-08 1956-09-11 Dodd Roy Frank Search-track radar control
US3104641A (en) * 1961-08-29 1963-09-24 Gen Mills Inc Underseas vehicle
US3394611A (en) * 1966-04-25 1968-07-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Output control device with adjustable self-returning null

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004021099A1 (fr) * 2002-08-29 2004-03-11 Jie Hou Dispositif de commande integre pour embarcation

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Publication number Publication date
DE2155190A1 (de) 1973-07-26

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