US3775956A - Device for separating fibrous material for use with textile machines - Google Patents

Device for separating fibrous material for use with textile machines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3775956A
US3775956A US00209705A US3775956DA US3775956A US 3775956 A US3775956 A US 3775956A US 00209705 A US00209705 A US 00209705A US 3775956D A US3775956D A US 3775956DA US 3775956 A US3775956 A US 3775956A
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United States
Prior art keywords
clearance
roller
carding
wall portion
peripheral surface
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00209705A
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English (en)
Inventor
B Burget
J Rajnoha
L Bures
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elitex Zavody Textilniho
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Elitex Zavody Textilniho
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
    • D01H4/30—Arrangements for separating slivers into fibres; Orienting or straightening fibres, e.g. using guide-rolls
    • D01H4/32—Arrangements for separating slivers into fibres; Orienting or straightening fibres, e.g. using guide-rolls using opening rollers

Definitions

  • the device includes a housing, a carding roller rotatable in the housing, and feed means for feeding fibrous silver to be separated to the carding roller.
  • a first guide wall portion is located downstream of the feed means and defines with the peripheral surface of the carding roller a first clearance whose width tapers in downstream direction.
  • the first clearance extends circumferentially of the carding roller and communicates with a second clearance, located further down stream.
  • the second clearance is defined between the peripheral surface of the carding roller and a second guide wall portion.
  • the width of the second clearance is substantially constant.
  • An outlet passage is provided for fibers which have been separated.
  • Such feed means comprise typically a pressure block arranged to exert a clamping pressure upon the fibrous material being fed. In this way, the fibrous body is bent over the edge of the pressure block as it passes the point of clamping pressure.
  • a feed roller forms part of such feed means and cooperate with the clamping means to advance fibrous material towards the carding roller.
  • the staple fibers separated from the fibrous sliver being processed are ordinarily fed through an appropriate outlet passage to a subsequent stage of the installation, usually to the collecting surface of an adjoining spinning machine.
  • an under-pressure is developed in the spinning chamber, and this underpressure serves to draw the separated fibers out through said outlet passage.
  • a clearance is defined between the peripheral surface of the carding roller and the inner peripheral wall of the carding chamber, the fibrous sliver being fed though such clearance along such wall.
  • the clearance may be defined between the carding roller surface and specially provided wall means.
  • wall means was changeable in its position at the point of clamping pressure of the feeding mechanism in circumferential direction of the cardingroller.
  • the feeding body is made in the form of a wall of resilient material which at the feeding point is directed towards the needle surface of the carding roller, and whose position is adjustable by means of an adjustment element, such as an adjustable screw.
  • the feeding body is formed by a cylinder adjustable in its position, and which approaches with its peripheral surface the needle surface of the carding roller and forms near the same .a feeding surface.
  • a device for separating fibers from fibrous material which comprises a housing and a carding roller mounted for rotation in the housing and having a peripheral surface.
  • Feed means is provided for feeding fibrous sliver to be'separated to the carding roller.
  • a first guide wall portion is positioned downstream of the feed means and defines with the peripheral surface of the carding roller a first clearance. The first clearance extends circumferentially of the roller and has a width which tapers in downstream direction.
  • a second guide wall portion is positioned downstream of the first guide wall portion and defines with the peripheral surface of the carding roller a second clearance.
  • the second clearance too, extends circumferentially of the roller, and has a width which is substantially constant.
  • the second clearance communicates with the first clearance.
  • a fiber outlet passage is located downstream of the second guide wall portion, and communicates with the second clearance.
  • the fiber outlet passage constitutes an outlet for separated fibers.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a fiber-separating device according to the invention, sectioned on a plane normal to the axis of rotation of the fiber-separating roller;
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged, schematic illustration of a fiber-separating roller according to the invention.
  • the device of the present invention comprises a housing structure 1 schematically illustrated in the drawing, having a carding chamber 2 in which carding roller 3 is mounted for rotation.
  • the mounting of roller 3 has not been illustrated in detail, and of course will be accomplished in whatever manner is most appropriate in a given circumstance.
  • the peripheral surface 4 of roller 3 is provided with exchangeable combs 5, the spacing between which is chosen'such as to make the pitch B (see FIG. 2) at least equal to or longer than the average length of the staple fibers in the fibrous sliver 8 to be processed.
  • the carding means 5 are exchangeable, so that they can be replaced after wear or damage.
  • the carding components 5 have a dovetail configuration and are mounted in correspondingly configurated undercut recesses.
  • the chamber 2 communicates with an inlet recess 6, inside which a feeding mechanism 7 is mounted.
  • the feeding mechanism 7, in this embodiment, comprises a feeding roller 9 and a pressing bridge 10 mounted in front of the feeding roller 9 and pressed towards it under the influence of a biasing spring 12.
  • biasing spring 12 bears with one of its ends against a wall of inlet recess 6, and with the other of its ends against the pressing bridge 10.
  • the feeding mechanism 7 includes a condensing tube 1 l which opens towards the surface of feeding roller 9.
  • the resilient pressure exerted by pressing surface 13 of pressing bridge 10 due to spring 12, produces a clamping pressure exerted on the fibrous sliver fed between the bridge 10 and feeding roller 9.
  • the carding chamber 2 communicates (at the top of FIG. I) with an outlet passage 14.
  • Passage 14 is provided as an exit for separated fibers, and conveys such fibers to the collecting surface 16 of an adjoining spinning chamber 17, or another successive stage of the installation. With the spinning chamber constituting the subsequent stage of the installation, it can be advantageous that it be positioned as near the fiber-separating device as practical.
  • first clearance 18a defined between the peripheral surface of the carding roller and a first guide wall portion 20.
  • guide wall portion 20 is shown as part of the inner peripheral wall of the housing 1, but it will be clear that suitable wall means may be mounted within the housing and constitute the guide walls, depending on considerations of design and expedience,-and that such wall means may be adjustable, if desired. It will be appreciated that carding projections 5 on roller 3 project into clearance 18a in radial direction. Suitable cover means will ordinarily be provided, constituting further boundaries of clearance 18a, and of carding chamber 2 in general.
  • first clearance 18a corresponds to the cross-section of the fibrous body 8 being fed by the feeding mechanism 7. Behind the nip line, the clearance 18a continuously narrows in direction of advancement of fibers.
  • the length of clearance 18a, measured in circumferential direction is at least equal to or longer than four fifths the average length of staple fibers in fibrous body 8.
  • second clearance 18b Downstream of first clearance 1811, there is located a second clearance 18b.
  • second clearance 18b is defined by the peripheral surface of roller 3 and by a second guide wall portion 25.
  • the second clearance will be further defined by whatever members form the end closures of the carding chamber.
  • Second clearance 18b has a cross-section, measured along a radial section, which is at least equal to the cross-section which the processed fibrous body 8 has 7 upon being subjected to bilateral clamping pressure between feed roller 9 and pressing bridge 10.
  • the passage defined between the periphery of roller 9 and the pressing surface of pressing bridge 10 at which clamping of the sliver takes place constitutes an inlet passage through which fibrous sliver is fed.
  • the width A and cross-section of second clearance 18b are substantially constant.
  • Fibrous sliver 8 is fed to the device to undergo separation of fibers. Such sliver is introduced through condensing tube 11 to the nip line between feeding roller 9 and pressure surface 13 of pressing bridge 10. By rotary motion of the feeding roller 9, the fibrous body 8 is pushed inside the hollow 2 and is there contacted by the combs 5 of fiber separating roller 3, which latter rotates in direction of arrow 5,. In this embodiment, the fibrous body 8 is bent over the edge of pressing bridge 10, almost perpendicularly to the inlet direction, and then guided towards the feeding surface 20 of the first clearance 18a into the area of actual fiber separation.
  • clearance 18a fibers are separated from fibrous body 8 and are fed in separated state through the second clearance 18b, towards outlet tube 14, and therethrough to collecting surface 16 of spinning chamber 17, to be converted into yarn.
  • One advantage with the device of the present invention is that the separated fibers are guided from the clamping point in the feeding mechanism as far as the outlet passage entrained by an air fiow which is evenly distributed and correctly oriented, so that the separated fibers may be collected in the form of a continuous ribbon on the collecting surface of the spinning chamber.
  • the possibility of fiber damage during the fiber-separation process is considerably reduced in the device of the invention, in fact reduced to as little as one-tenth that prevailing with prior-art mechanisms, and without producing any additional disadvantages.
  • the quality of the yarn namely its appearance and strength, is accordingly greatly increased.
  • the enlarged width of clearance 180 which continuously narrows down, enables successive separation of fibers from sliver 8.
  • the continuously tapering cross-section of the first clearance 18a corresponds to the continuously diminishing cross-section of sliver 8 upon separation of fibers therefrom.
  • second clearance 18b which communicates with first clearance 18a, is beneficial for straightening the floating fibers which have been separated at the boundary region of clearances 18a and 18b.
  • clearance 18b the fibers which become comtional engagement with the surface of roller 3.
  • the reduced cross-section of clearance 18b contributes to the straightening of the floating fibers and to the feeding of the fibers towards outlet 14 in proper orientation. In this way, excessive variations of individual fibers, such as might eventually result in fiber agglomerates, is substantially overcome.
  • the spacing B between groups of carding projections 5 on roller 3 should be at least equal to the average length of staple fibers in the fibrous sliver 8.
  • the characteristics of the materials being processed determine to a large extent the dimensions of the processing device.
  • first clearance 18a should be at least substantially equal to four-fifths the average length of staple fibers in the fibroussliver 8.
  • the bulk of fiber separation occurs in the general vicinity of the boundary between first clearance 18a and second clearance 18b. If the length of clearance 18a were shorter than fourfifths the average length of staple fibers, then the fibers retained at the nip line between parts 9 and 13 would be subjected to stress for a considerably longer time, depending on the feed rate, before their actual separation.
  • the fibers are carried through a limited space, in which the velocity of air flow tends to increase, so that the separated floating fibers will be subjected to deformation hardly at all, or only to such extent as permitted within the given space.
  • the deformation in question can result from a variety of factors, such as fiber elasticity, unavoidable friction,
  • the feeding channel in the inventive device and the channel in the fiber separating area are chosen to be narrow, to reduce the possibility of fiber deformation. In this way, the fibers are carried in a, more or less straightened state to the spinning chamber, and deposited there in such straightened state, so that the resulting yarn will be, of even and high, quality.
  • the stream of air passing around the carding roller will be of excellent uniformity and controlled strength.
  • the feed mechanism 7, for example, is clearly only exemplary and may be replaced by any suitable equivalent. Depending on the equivalent chosen, as well as other factors, it may or may not be absolutely, necessary for the feed mechanism to be withdrawn out of the spinning chamber 2 in the manner illustrated.
  • the exact construction of the carding means on roller 3 may be of a variety of types.
  • the structure of the housing for the arrangement may have a great variety of configurations.
  • theguide walls 20 and 23 may be in the form of discrete, wall means mounted 'adjustably, and of course the positioning of the various components, and their various relative dimensions, may be made adjustable to a greater or lesser extent--or be different from that herein described--depending on the specific applications involved.
  • the particular fibrous sliver being treated may, have such characteristics as to require further elements or components, whose addition does not change the basic concepts outlined herein.
  • said feed means includes an inlet passage through which fibrous sliver is fed, and wherein said inlet passage has during operation of said device a narrowest operational crosssectional area, and wherein the cross-sectional area of said second clearance radially of the axis of rotation of said carding roller is at least substantially equal to said narrowest cross-sectional area of said inlet.
  • said housing encloses a carding chamber in which said roller is mounted, and wherein said chamber is defined by an inner peripheral wall, said first and second wall portions being portions of said peripheral wall.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US00209705A 1970-12-23 1971-12-20 Device for separating fibrous material for use with textile machines Expired - Lifetime US3775956A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS8731A CS161233B1 (ko) 1970-12-23 1970-12-23

Publications (1)

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US3775956A true US3775956A (en) 1973-12-04

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US00209705A Expired - Lifetime US3775956A (en) 1970-12-23 1971-12-20 Device for separating fibrous material for use with textile machines

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3775956A (ko)
CH (1) CH533697A (ko)
CS (1) CS161233B1 (ko)
DE (1) DE2159230A1 (ko)
FR (1) FR2118992B1 (ko)
GB (1) GB1339149A (ko)
IT (1) IT943976B (ko)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3950929A (en) * 1973-10-17 1976-04-20 Daiwa Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of feeding a sliver into a combing section of an open end spinning machine and a presser therefor
US4122656A (en) * 1975-06-27 1978-10-31 Platt Saco Lowell Limited Coated pinned roller
US4251984A (en) * 1978-07-20 1981-02-24 Vyzkumny Ustav Bavlnarsky Apparatus for separating staple fibers on an open-end spinning unit
US4862688A (en) * 1987-10-12 1989-09-05 Hollingsworth Gmbh Opening cylinder for open-end spinning machine
US6010172A (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-01-04 Comeau; Victor J. In-line skate carrier

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3336327A1 (de) * 1983-10-06 1985-04-18 Drei-S-Werk Präzisionswerkzeuge GmbH & Co Fertigungs-KG, 8540 Schwabach Nadelwalze fuer textilmaschinen
CH669215A5 (de) * 1986-04-10 1989-02-28 Heinz Buess Oeffnerwalze.
US5143788A (en) * 1989-12-12 1992-09-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Coating composition of polyesterurethane and multifunctional epoxy compound

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3360918A (en) * 1966-03-04 1968-01-02 Vyzk Ustav Bavlnarsky Arrangement for guiding staple fibers into a separator of a ringless spinning machine
US3381463A (en) * 1966-02-24 1968-05-07 Vyzk Ustav Bavlnarsky Treating of fibrous materials
US3439488A (en) * 1966-03-19 1969-04-22 Vyzk Ustav Bavlnarsky Apparatus for supplying separated fibers to a spinning apparatus
US3571859A (en) * 1968-04-16 1971-03-23 Vyzk Ustav Barlnarsky Fiber-processing apparatus
US3626681A (en) * 1968-08-08 1971-12-14 Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ringless spinning machine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3381463A (en) * 1966-02-24 1968-05-07 Vyzk Ustav Bavlnarsky Treating of fibrous materials
US3360918A (en) * 1966-03-04 1968-01-02 Vyzk Ustav Bavlnarsky Arrangement for guiding staple fibers into a separator of a ringless spinning machine
US3439488A (en) * 1966-03-19 1969-04-22 Vyzk Ustav Bavlnarsky Apparatus for supplying separated fibers to a spinning apparatus
US3571859A (en) * 1968-04-16 1971-03-23 Vyzk Ustav Barlnarsky Fiber-processing apparatus
US3626681A (en) * 1968-08-08 1971-12-14 Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ringless spinning machine

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3950929A (en) * 1973-10-17 1976-04-20 Daiwa Boseki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of feeding a sliver into a combing section of an open end spinning machine and a presser therefor
US4122656A (en) * 1975-06-27 1978-10-31 Platt Saco Lowell Limited Coated pinned roller
US4251984A (en) * 1978-07-20 1981-02-24 Vyzkumny Ustav Bavlnarsky Apparatus for separating staple fibers on an open-end spinning unit
US4862688A (en) * 1987-10-12 1989-09-05 Hollingsworth Gmbh Opening cylinder for open-end spinning machine
US6010172A (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-01-04 Comeau; Victor J. In-line skate carrier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2159230A1 (de) 1972-07-13
GB1339149A (en) 1973-11-28
FR2118992B1 (ko) 1974-06-07
FR2118992A1 (ko) 1972-08-04
CH533697A (de) 1973-02-15
IT943976B (it) 1973-04-10
CS161233B1 (ko) 1975-06-10

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