US3774496A - Borehole charging apparatus - Google Patents

Borehole charging apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3774496A
US3774496A US00308744A US3774496DA US3774496A US 3774496 A US3774496 A US 3774496A US 00308744 A US00308744 A US 00308744A US 3774496D A US3774496D A US 3774496DA US 3774496 A US3774496 A US 3774496A
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United States
Prior art keywords
slurry
pump
borehole
storage compartment
forward end
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00308744A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Roach
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CANADIAN IND Ltd MONTREAL
CANADIAN IND Ltd MONTREAL CA
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CANADIAN IND Ltd MONTREAL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
    • F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure

Definitions

  • a manually portable apparatus for the charging of small diameter boreholes with slurry explosive includes a slurry explosive storage compartment, a slurry explosive storage compartment, a slurry explosive storage compartment, a
  • pneumatically operated reciprocal pump detachably connected to an outlet in the slurry storage compartment, delivery means attached to the pump for conveying slurry under pressure from the storage compartment into a borehold and control means for regulating the operating rate of the pump, the slurry delivery means being insertable to the bottom of the borehold and having attached to the forward end thereof means whereby the entrance of slurry under pressure into the borehole causes the delivery means to be withdrawn from the borehole.
  • This invention relates to an apparatus for the charging of boreholes with bulk slurry explosives.
  • the apparatus of the invention is suitably employed in underground mining in confined work areas.
  • Slurry explosives which comprise a mixture of oxidizer and fuel ingredients dispersed in a fluid matrix, have found wide application in the mining and construction industries where they are customarily employed in boreholes of 3 to 6 inches in diameter or larger.
  • slurry explosives In open pit mining and in quarrying in particular, slurry explosives have proven especially useful since it is possible to place the slurry in bulk (unpackaged) form directly into the boreholes from a vehiclemounted delivery tank or mixer. In this fashion, large economics have been provided through improved blasting effectiveness and lower production cost as compared to the use of conventional dynamite types of explosives.
  • boreholes may be located horizontally in the working face or even vertically overhead in a roof with the result that gravity can not be utilized to retain the slurry in the borehole.
  • the delivery of the bulk slurry to up-holes and horizontal holes cannot be accomplished utilizing the types of apparatus presently used to pump or otherwise deliver slurry into vertical surface holes.
  • the restricted working areas underground preclude the use in these areas of the sometimes cumbersome equipment used in surface blasting.
  • a portable apparatus adapted for the bulk slurry charging of boreholes which comprises, in combination, a slurry explosive storage compartment, a pneumatically operated reciprocal pump means detachably connected to an outlet in said slurry storage compartment, delivery means attached to said pump means and adapted to convey said slurry under pressure from said storage compartment into a borehole, and control means whereby the operating rate of said pneumatically operated pumpmeans may be regulated, the said slurry delivery means being also adapted for insertion to the bot tom of a borehole and having attached to the forward end thereof means whereby it can be retracted from the borehole as said slurry is pumped under pressure therein.
  • the invention also optionally provides a means whereby a chemical viscosity-increasing agent may be delivered from a storage compartment to and admixed with said slurry explosive close to or at the point of exit of said slurry from said delivery means.
  • portable apparatus is meant that the apparatus is of suitable size and weight that it may be manually transported to a restricted underground working area as a single unit.
  • a slurry explosive composition capable of selfretention in a horizontal or an upward slooping borehole must possess considerable viscosity if it is to remain in the borehole without slumping.
  • a slurry will be required to have substantially more resistance to flow than a slurry adapted for use in vertical down-holes in surface mining.
  • the use of such an extraviscous slurry in underground bulk slurry operations introduces problems associated with borehole filling not encountered on the surface.
  • the pumps known to be safe and useful for moving slurry explosives through large diameter hoses in surface mining are quite impractical for use in pumping high viscosity slurries through small diameter hoses.
  • a bulk slurry explosive storage compartment or hopper l is shown mounted on sled 2.
  • Hopper 1 has a hinged cover or lid 3.
  • Also mounted on sled 2 by means of supports 4 and 5 is double-acting piston pump 6 and air powered motor 7.
  • Inlet 13 of piston pump 6 is attached to the bottom outlet 8 of hopper 1 by means of coupler 9 which is preferably a quick-connect coupler.
  • Reciprocal piston 10 of pump 6 is attached to air powered motor 7 by means of shaft 11.
  • An actuator of air switch 12 is mounted so as to be operable by the movement of piston 10.
  • Outlet 14 of pump 6 has attached thereto slurry delivery hose l5.
  • chemical additive storage tank 16 which has a vented filling port 17 and bottom outlet 18. Attached to outlet 18 is air-operated additive pump 19. Outlet 20 of additive pump 19 has attached thereto tube 21 which tube penetrates hose l and terminates inside and near the exit end 22 of hose 15. Tube 21 is sufficiently strong to resist collapse from the pressure of the slurry within hose 15. Pressurized air for the operation of air powered motor 7 and air operated delivery pump 19 is delivered respectively by air lines 23 and 24. Air line 24 passes into acutator 12. Main air supply shown by arrow 25 is received from the compressed air source provided in underground workings for the operation of drills and the like. Air supply 25 may be appropriately reduced in pressure and volume, designated by panel 26, before passing to motor 7 and pump 19. A typical viscous slurry explosive 27 is shown in hopper 1 and a typical chemical additive, for example, a chromate cross-linking solution 28, is shown in tank 16.
  • a typical viscous slurry explosive 27 is shown in hopper 1 and a typical chemical additive, for example, a chromate
  • a high viscosity slurry explosive 27 previously prepared at a surface location and transported underground in, for example, polyethylene bags, is placed in hopper 1 of the sled-mounted pumping unit located close to the face of the underground working. Hopper 1 may hold up to 400 pounds or more of slurry explosive.
  • a member of the work crew inserts hose into a borehole until the hose end 22 is felt to reach the toe or bottom of the hole.
  • Flexible discs 29 of rubber or other resilient plastic material which are fixed to and circumscribe hose 15 near end 22, serve to center the hose end in the borehole and function to eject hose 15 out of the borehole when the slurry is pumped under pressure through end 22 against the bottom of a borehole.
  • discs 29 are slightly cup- I shaped and have their concave side facing the forward end 22 of hose 15.
  • air is supplied to air line 23 and if desired, to air line 24 to operate air motor 7 and delivery pump 19.
  • piston 10 is set in motion which motion will be described, first, as a forward stroke in the direction away from hopper outlet 8 and second, as a reverese stroke in the direction towards hopper outlet 8.
  • slurry 27 is sucked through hopper outlet 8 and pump inlet 13 through pump orifice 30 displacing valve 31.
  • Pump 19 attached to the outlet of additive tank 16 thus delivers proportioned quantities of an additive, such as a crosslinker solution, to the slurry close to the exit 22, of hose 15.
  • an additive such as a crosslinker solution
  • the hose may be equipped near its end with an inline interfacial surface mixer well known in the art.
  • the slurry engages the flexible disc or discs 29 and, utilizing the pressure transmitted through the slurry, pushed hose 15 towards the collar or top end of the borehole. The borehole is thus completely filled as the delivery hose is withdrawn.
  • a bleed line or hose (not shown) may be attached to the pump or delivery hose in order to direct and return any excess slurry to hopper 1.
  • the hopper, pump and hose may be cleaned simply by passing water or similar solvent through the system.
  • the pump suitable for use in the apparatus is a modifled version of the type of pump normally employed to pump very viscous materials such as grease, caulking compounds and the like.
  • a pump may be described as a single-stroke double-acting piston pump which has been especially modified, for safety and other reasons, for the handling of explosive slurries. For obvious reasons, metal-to-metal contact of moving parts within the pump is to be avoided.
  • Valve balls 31 and 35 are made of an inert plastic material such as polytetrafluoroethylene as are the seats for these valves around orifices 30 and 34. Rubber or plastic packing is provided around shaft 11 and nonmetallic piston rings are provided around piston 10.
  • the air motor 7 used to drive pump 6 is preferably a doubleacting diaphragm motor containing a stroke adjustment feature which provides accurate control of the amount of slurry delivered on each stroke of the pump.
  • Hopper l and tank 6 may be of any suitable material resistant to the corrosive effect of the oxidizing salts employed in slurry explosive mixtures. Stainless steel may be advantageously used.
  • EXAMPLE l In an underground gold mine at a depth of 2,400 feet, a number of 2 inch diameter boreholes are drilled in a ring configuration in the roof, walls and floor of a drift. The angle of the holes varied from 89 above horizontal to 43 below horizontal and hole depth was from 28 feet to 69 feet. A slurry pumping apparatus of small capacity and similar to that shown in the drawing was located close to the work area where the hopper was filled with slurry explosives taken underground in polyethylene bags.
  • the explosive slurry used consisted of a mixture of approximately 63 percent by weight of oxidizing salts, 10 percent by weight of particulate self explosive, 18 percent by weight of water, 5 percent by weight of aluminium powder, 2 percent by weight of glycol, the remainder being minor amounts of thickener, crosslinker and pH control agents.
  • the slurry was pumped through feet of one inch (inside) diameter rubber hose to within 6 feet to 14 feet of the collar of the boreholes. After pumping, there was no evidence of run-out of slurry from even the most vertical of the holes after an overnight period.
  • the rate of filling of the 2 inches boreholes was about 4 feet per minute which slow rate was mainly attributed to the inexperience of the operators and the low capacity of the pump used.
  • each hole was primed by means of a 1 1% inch diameter dynamite cartridge which was inserted well into the slurry at the collar of the hole. Detonation of each primer was by means of an electric blasting cap. Inspection of the blast site 2 days after detonation indicated a successful blast.
  • EXAMPLE 2 in an underground working drift in a pyrite mine, two rings of 2 inch diameter boreholes were drilled into the rocks to depths ranging from 5 to 58 feet and at angles of from 62 to +90". In all 815 linear feet of 2 inch diameter boreholes were prepared.
  • a slurry explosive comprising approximately percent by weight of water, 69 percent by weight of oxidizing salts, 7 percent by weight of carbonaceous material, 3 percent by weight of sulphur, 5 percent by weight of aluminium powder and the remainder thickening agent and crosslinker, was taken underground and placed in the hopper of an apparatus similar to that shown in the drawing.
  • the slurry was pumped through 80 feet of 1 inch (inside) diameter rubber hose into each borehole at an average rate of 35 linear feet per minute to within 3 to 5 feet of the top of the holes. None of the above horizontal holes showed any evidence of any slumping of the slurry. All holes were primed with a l A inch diameter dynamite cartridge with an electric blasting cap in one end. The slurry was soft enough to permit burial therein of the primer. After detonation it was observed that an excellent blast had taken place.
  • the apparatus of the invention provides a safe and efficient means for charging underground boreholes with bulk slurry explosive compositions of high viscosity.
  • the invention is not to be limited to the embodiment described and a wide range of materials of construction, arrangement of components and modes of supplying product will be apparent.
  • the portable apparatus may, for example, be mounted on a wheeled base or frame where this is practicable.
  • the slurry may, for example, be delivered to the portable apparatus in tote bins adapted for transport by, for example, lift truck.
  • mote controls close to the filling hose may be provided for closely monitored operation.
  • Other modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • a manually portable apparatus for the charging of boreholes of 2 inches or less in diameter with slurry explosive comprising, in combination, a slurry explosive storage compartment, a pneumatically operated reciprocal pump means detachable connected to an outlet in said slurry storage compartment, delivery meansattached to said pump means for conveying said slurry under pressure from said storage compartment into a borehole, and control means for regulating the operating rate of said pneumatically operated pump means, the said slurry delivery means being insertable to the bottom of a borehole and having attached to the forward end thereof means whereby the entrance of slurry under pressure into said borehole causes the said delivery means to be withdrawn from the said borehole.
  • An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 comprising a storage compartment for a chemical viscosityincreasing agent and conveying means for conveying the said viscosity-increasing agent from the storage 7 compartment to a position in proximity to the forward end of the slurry delivery means.
  • An apparatus as claimed in claim 6 comprising an actuator for operating the conveying means, said actuator being mounted so as to be operable by the movement of the reciprocal pump means.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
US00308744A 1972-01-18 1972-11-22 Borehole charging apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3774496A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA132,724A CA942107A (en) 1972-01-18 1972-01-18 Borehole charging apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3774496A true US3774496A (en) 1973-11-27

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00308744A Expired - Lifetime US3774496A (en) 1972-01-18 1972-11-22 Borehole charging apparatus

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3774496A (cs)
AU (1) AU5084273A (cs)
BE (1) BE793687A (cs)
CA (1) CA942107A (cs)
CS (1) CS174192B2 (cs)
DE (1) DE2300933A1 (cs)
FR (1) FR2168360B1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1355918A (cs)
HU (1) HU165498B (cs)
OA (1) OA04319A (cs)
RO (1) RO61025A (cs)
ZA (1) ZA73254B (cs)
ZM (1) ZM773A1 (cs)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4469647A (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-09-04 General Dynamics Method and apparatus for mixing, casting and dispensing friction-sensitive pyrotechnic materials
US4614146A (en) * 1984-05-14 1986-09-30 Les Explosifs Nordex Ltee/Nordex Explosives Ltd. Mix-delivery system for explosives
US5524523A (en) * 1993-04-08 1996-06-11 Aeci Limited Loading of boreholes with flowable explosives
US5874688A (en) * 1993-11-29 1999-02-23 Aeci Explosives Limited Explosives dispersed from a pressurized container
US20110031266A1 (en) * 2008-04-02 2011-02-10 James Eric Scheid Material extruder
US8512489B2 (en) 2008-01-23 2013-08-20 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Mobile delivery platform for flowable explosive
CN104034217A (zh) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-10 北京华德创业环保设备有限公司 一种提高工作效率矿山炮眼输送炸药卷半自动输送机
WO2014201524A1 (en) 2013-06-20 2014-12-24 Orica International Pte Ltd Explosive composition manufacturing and delivery platform, and blasting method
US9848655B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2017-12-26 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Electrically heated aerosol generating system and method
US9989344B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2018-06-05 Orica International Pte Ltd Method of producing an explosive emulsion composition
US10081579B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2018-09-25 Orica International Pte Ltd Explosive composition
US10093591B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2018-10-09 Orica International Pte Ltd Method of characterising the structure of a void sensitized explosive composition
CN114165209A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-11 中国矿业大学 一种逐级构建煤层复杂缝网的方法
WO2022099355A1 (en) * 2020-11-10 2022-05-19 Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Limited End of hose mixing systems and methods
RU2783924C2 (ru) * 2018-03-16 2022-11-22 Дино Нобель Эйжа Пасифик Пти Лимитед Системы внешней гомогенизации и связанные с ними способы
US11953306B2 (en) 2018-03-16 2024-04-09 Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Limited External homogenization systems and methods related thereto

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2187490B (en) * 1986-03-05 1989-12-06 Aeci Ltd Charging of explosives into boreholes
AU1505388A (en) * 1987-05-05 1988-11-10 Aeci Limited Method and apparatus for loading explosives into boreholes
MW1689A1 (en) * 1988-04-21 1989-12-13 Aeci Ltd Loading of boreholes with exploves
SE505963C2 (sv) * 1993-02-25 1997-10-27 Nitro Nobel Ab Sätt för laddning av borrhål med sprängämne

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1213277A (en) * 1915-07-17 1917-01-23 William T Scott Powder-loading device.
US3303738A (en) * 1963-10-14 1967-02-14 Intermountain Res And Engineer Method for mixing and pumping of slurry explosive
US3354771A (en) * 1964-08-25 1967-11-28 Seymour A J Stark Apparatus for the charging of blast holes
US3361023A (en) * 1966-07-28 1968-01-02 Intermountain Res And Engineer System for pumping slurry or gel explosives into boreholes
US3380333A (en) * 1963-10-14 1968-04-30 Intermountain Res And Engineer System for mixing and pumping slurry explosives
US3610089A (en) * 1968-07-22 1971-10-05 Intermountain Res & Eng Apparatus and method for blasting or demolition
US3610088A (en) * 1968-05-31 1971-10-05 Intermountain Res & Eng Apparatus and method for mixing and pumping fluid explosive compositions
US3640585A (en) * 1969-07-23 1972-02-08 Hercules Inc Maintenance of slurry explosive pumping assembly for successive loadings
US3690213A (en) * 1969-09-29 1972-09-12 Dow Chemical Co Method and apparatus for delivering thickened blasting agents

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE963941C (de) * 1955-10-11 1957-05-16 Wilhelm Weitz Vorrichtung zum Einbringen von Besatz in Bohrloecher bei Schiess- und Sprengarbeiten, insbesondere im Grubenbetrieb, Steinbruch u. dgl.
NO117728B (cs) * 1967-08-17 1969-09-15 Hercules Inc
GB1202478A (en) * 1967-08-29 1970-08-19 African Explosives & Chem Method of and apparatus for loading boreholes

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1213277A (en) * 1915-07-17 1917-01-23 William T Scott Powder-loading device.
US3303738A (en) * 1963-10-14 1967-02-14 Intermountain Res And Engineer Method for mixing and pumping of slurry explosive
US3380333A (en) * 1963-10-14 1968-04-30 Intermountain Res And Engineer System for mixing and pumping slurry explosives
US3354771A (en) * 1964-08-25 1967-11-28 Seymour A J Stark Apparatus for the charging of blast holes
US3361023A (en) * 1966-07-28 1968-01-02 Intermountain Res And Engineer System for pumping slurry or gel explosives into boreholes
US3610088A (en) * 1968-05-31 1971-10-05 Intermountain Res & Eng Apparatus and method for mixing and pumping fluid explosive compositions
US3610089A (en) * 1968-07-22 1971-10-05 Intermountain Res & Eng Apparatus and method for blasting or demolition
US3640585A (en) * 1969-07-23 1972-02-08 Hercules Inc Maintenance of slurry explosive pumping assembly for successive loadings
US3690213A (en) * 1969-09-29 1972-09-12 Dow Chemical Co Method and apparatus for delivering thickened blasting agents

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4469647A (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-09-04 General Dynamics Method and apparatus for mixing, casting and dispensing friction-sensitive pyrotechnic materials
US4614146A (en) * 1984-05-14 1986-09-30 Les Explosifs Nordex Ltee/Nordex Explosives Ltd. Mix-delivery system for explosives
US5524523A (en) * 1993-04-08 1996-06-11 Aeci Limited Loading of boreholes with flowable explosives
US5874688A (en) * 1993-11-29 1999-02-23 Aeci Explosives Limited Explosives dispersed from a pressurized container
US8512489B2 (en) 2008-01-23 2013-08-20 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Mobile delivery platform for flowable explosive
US10398170B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2019-09-03 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Electrically heated aerosol generating system and method
US12364289B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2025-07-22 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Electrically heated aerosol generating system and method
US11832654B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2023-12-05 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Electrically heated aerosol generating system and method
US9848655B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2017-12-26 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Electrically heated aerosol generating system and method
US11224255B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2022-01-18 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Electrically heated aerosol generating system and method
US8240520B2 (en) * 2008-04-02 2012-08-14 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Material extruder
US20110031266A1 (en) * 2008-04-02 2011-02-10 James Eric Scheid Material extruder
US10081579B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2018-09-25 Orica International Pte Ltd Explosive composition
US10093591B2 (en) 2011-12-16 2018-10-09 Orica International Pte Ltd Method of characterising the structure of a void sensitized explosive composition
CN104034217A (zh) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-10 北京华德创业环保设备有限公司 一种提高工作效率矿山炮眼输送炸药卷半自动输送机
US9989344B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2018-06-05 Orica International Pte Ltd Method of producing an explosive emulsion composition
US9879965B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2018-01-30 Orica International Pte Ltd Explosive composition manufacturing and delivery platform, and blasting method
EP3011260A4 (en) * 2013-06-20 2017-03-01 Orica International Pte Ltd Explosive composition manufacturing and delivery platform, and blasting method
WO2014201524A1 (en) 2013-06-20 2014-12-24 Orica International Pte Ltd Explosive composition manufacturing and delivery platform, and blasting method
RU2783924C2 (ru) * 2018-03-16 2022-11-22 Дино Нобель Эйжа Пасифик Пти Лимитед Системы внешней гомогенизации и связанные с ними способы
US11953306B2 (en) 2018-03-16 2024-04-09 Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Limited External homogenization systems and methods related thereto
WO2022099355A1 (en) * 2020-11-10 2022-05-19 Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Limited End of hose mixing systems and methods
CN114165209A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-11 中国矿业大学 一种逐级构建煤层复杂缝网的方法
CN114165209B (zh) * 2021-11-30 2023-09-15 中国矿业大学 一种逐级构建煤层复杂缝网的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
OA04319A (fr) 1980-01-15
ZM773A1 (en) 1974-12-20
CS174192B2 (cs) 1977-03-31
FR2168360A1 (cs) 1973-08-31
FR2168360B1 (cs) 1976-11-05
AU5084273A (en) 1974-07-11
HU165498B (cs) 1974-09-28
BE793687A (fr) 1973-07-04
ZA73254B (en) 1974-08-28
DE2300933A1 (de) 1973-08-16
GB1355918A (en) 1974-06-12
RO61025A (cs) 1976-10-15
CA942107A (en) 1974-02-19

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