US3767375A - Refractory furnace tank walls - Google Patents

Refractory furnace tank walls Download PDF

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Publication number
US3767375A
US3767375A US00241055A US3767375DA US3767375A US 3767375 A US3767375 A US 3767375A US 00241055 A US00241055 A US 00241055A US 3767375D A US3767375D A US 3767375DA US 3767375 A US3767375 A US 3767375A
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Prior art keywords
blocks
wall
interstices
joints
refractory
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US00241055A
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E Brichard
J Declaye
J Autequitte
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AGC Glass Europe SA
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Glaverbel Belgium SA
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B18/00—Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid
    • C03B18/02—Forming sheets
    • C03B18/16—Construction of the float tank; Use of material for the float tank; Coating or protection of the tank wall
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/42—Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A tank for containing a bath of molten metal in a float glass furnace has a wall formed by a plurality of juxtapositioned prefabricated refractory members. The joints between the members define interstices. Interstices are also being defined adjacent other faces of the blocks.
  • Powdered carbon, alumina, chromium oxide, a carbide or nitride not wettable by molten metal at least partially fills these interstices to prevent the flow of molten metal therein so as to prevent raising of the blocks from their assembled positions by the flow of molten metal behind the blocks.
  • These are in the interstices between the particles of the powder flow paths having restricted cross-sectional areas. The object of these restricted areas and the surface properties of the powder material is to prevent penetration by molten metal.
  • the present invention relates to refractory float glass furnaces of the type having a tank therein for containing a bath of molten metal, more particularly, to the construction of the refractory wall in order to prevent molten metal from penetrating behind refractory blocks constituting the wall.
  • Refractory walls for furnaces are generally formed by justzpositioning a plurality of prefabricated refractory members or blocks. When this wall is employed to support a bath of molten liquid some consideration must be given to sealing the joints between these refractory members against the flow of'the bath liquid.
  • Such refractory walls have been made fluid tight merely by relying on the solidification of the molten liquid in the joints.
  • this arrangement is not particularly effective especially where the temperature of the bath liquid is considerably above its melting point. Under these circumstances the bath liquid will solidify only at a considerably great distance from the interior face of the furnace wall so that the bath liquid is still able to penetrate a considerable distance into the wall. This penetration of the bath liquid into the wall is disadvantageous since there will be some bath liquid stationary in the wall joints.
  • the liquid will bring about corrosion of the wall, the liquid will become polluted by the products of such corrosion, and the fioor blocks may be lifted when their density is less than that of the bath liquid and this liquid is'able to flow behind the block through a joint opening to the liquid bath. It is particularly important to prevent the penetration of the molten bath liquid through the refractory wall so that the liquid does not come in contact with the metallic elements positioned behind the refractory blocks. The strong corrosive action of the molten material on these metallic elements can be extremely destructive. It is therefore desirable to position some form of a barrier within the refractory wall to prevent the passage of the bath liquid through the wall. The position of the barrier may depend to a large extent upon the thickness of the furnace wall.
  • a refractory furnace tank containing a bath of molten material such as molten tin may have a wall comprising a layer of justaposed prefabricated refractory members. This layer of refractory members is positioned on the interior surface of the tank wall and defines a thickness portion of the furnace wall.
  • the joints between interior faces of the refractory members define flow paths extending from the interior of the furnace tank through at least a portion of the wall thickness. Means are provided in these paths for preventing the flow of bath liquid therethrough. These means may be positioned in at least portions of the joints so as to modify the cross sectional area of a flow path.
  • the means form restricted cross section paths which also have surface properties which prevent the penetration of bath liquid along these paths through at least a portion of the wall thickness either in the joints between the members or elsewhere.
  • the joints may be formed by various configurations of the opposing faces of adjacent refractory blocks or merely closely positioning these faces to each other. There may be disposed in the joints a loosely packed porous mass of material whose surface properties prevent the penetration of the bath liquid. The materials within the joints of this layer of refractory materials and the configurations and dimensions of these joints are determined so as to prevent the penetration of at least a portion of the wall thickness by the bath liquid.
  • Preventing of the raising or lifting of the refractory blocks from their assembled positions is thus obtained according to the present invention by providing a barrier of pulverulent material which is not wettable by the molten metal and which is situated under the blocks or the same barrier situated under or below the periphery of the only face of the block which is directed to the interior of the tank.
  • the present invention can eliminate or at least significantly reduce the amount of bath liquid which has solidified in the joints of the refractory wall after the operation of the furnace has been stopped.
  • This solidified liquid represents an economic loss since it is not being used in the operation of the furnace and at the same time presents possible sources of corrosion of the wall members.
  • the pollution of the bath liquid by dissolved or suspended bodies is significantly reduced and vitreous phases and gases which may result'from contact of the bath liquid and certain constituent materials of the refractory wall may be avoided or reduced.
  • a tank for retaining molten aluminium having a refractory wall comprising a plurality of refractory blocks with loose silicon carbide poured between the blocks.
  • the interstices between fabricated refractory blocks forming a wall of the furnace tank arefilled with a pulverulent material, which is characterized by not being wettable by the molten metal, i.e., tin, in the furnace and the density of the pulverulent material is less than that of the molten tin.
  • the non-wettability of the carbon prevents the-molten tin from penetrating the interstices and, in effect, isolates the granules of carbon so that as a result these carbon grains do not have any tendency to rise to the surface of the molten bath.
  • the density of the carbon material between the refractory blocks ranges from 1.8 to 2.1 which is considerably less than the density of molten tin which is about 7.3. This relationship is contrary to that in known prior art where the density of this silicon carbide powder is greater than that of the molten aluminium in a furnace.
  • FIG. 1 is a transverse vertical sectional view of a portion of a furnace wall which forms a tank for molten material according to a form of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of a portion of a refractory furnace wall showing a modification thereof;
  • FIGS. 3-7 are similar to FIG. 2 and show further modifications according to a form of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are top plan views of modifications in furnace walls according to a form of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a top plan view of another form of refractory furnace wall according to the present invention.
  • a refractory furnace tank incorporating the present invention has a floor and a side wall 22 which are both formed of layers 24, 26 and 28.
  • the layer 24, which is toward the interior of the furnace, is comprised of a plurality of slabs 30 with each slab comprising a body 31 of silico-argillic refractory, ceramic or of silicon carbide.
  • Each body portion 31 has on its face 32 which is directed toward the interior of the furnace and on the four adjacent side faces 34 a compact coating 36 of carbon.
  • the carbon coating is made adherent by means ofa binder of refractory cement. Adjacent faces between the slabs 30 define joints 38 which are not filled but which are fluid tight.
  • the carbon coating 36 on the side faces is not accurate it may be necessary to trim this coating by a planing operation to insure that the joints 38 are sufficiently narrow.
  • the joints 38 will be sufficiently tight with respect to the molten tin bath up to the operating temperatures of about 1,000C when the space in the joint ranges up to about 2mm. Up to this width the surface and interfacial tensions at the interfaces between the molten tin, carbon and gases present in the joints will prevent penetration of the liquid.
  • the layer 24 may be preferred to subject the layer 24 to compression in one direction or even in both directions when viewing th layer in plan.
  • Such compression may be obtained by means of adjustable clamps 40 which exert compressive forces against two vertical uprights 42 against cross-members 44 positioned against outer wall 46 of the furnace at the level of the layer 24.
  • the tops of the uprights 42 are connected and may also be used for the construction of a known type of furnace crown which is not shown in the drawing.
  • the layer 24 contacts against layer 26 which is formed of silico-argillic blocks 50 which are shown in the art and are used particularly because of their thermal insulating properties.
  • This layer 26 rests upon an outer wall or shell 28 of steel plate.
  • the support framework for the furnace is not shown in the drawings for purpose of clarity. With this construction it is not necessary to provide any expensive or complicated anchoring structure for the ceramic blocks since the molten tin is unable to penetrate below the lower face of the blocks 50 and thus is not able to lift these blocks.
  • the bath liquid is a good conductor of heat or electricity it is particularly desirable to prevent this liquid from penetrating into the wall since preventing this penetration would reduce energy losses and the need to take any remedial measures.
  • the members constituting the layer may consist primarily of carbon at least along their surfaces forming joints with other members.
  • the member may consist entirely of carbon or the carbon may be only at these joint surfaces.
  • carbonin includes graphite as well as amorphous carbon which may have suitable additives as well as certain impurities. Carbon is preferred since it is not wetted by the molten metals such as tins, used in the liquid bath or by various glasses.
  • a block according to the present invention also includes relatively large thin members which might better be described as slabs.
  • the use of blocks of relatively large dimensions has the further advantage that the mere penetration, e.g., fortuitous, of liquid a short distance beneath its lateral edges will not cause the block to lift as quickly as would be the case when its dimensions are smaller.
  • a powdered carbon 54 which is impermeable to molten tin is filled in the joints between the refractory blocks.
  • the carbon grains are smaller than 1 mm. and preferably smaller than 0.1 mm.
  • the refractory layer adjacent the interior of the surface comprises a plurality of slabs 56 of graphite with their joints 58 being filled with the powdered carbon 54.
  • the slabs 56 are positioned on a relatively thick layer of powdered carbon 60 in which are embedded metallic tubes 62 through which may flow a thermal conditioning medium.
  • these tubes may be used for heating or cooling with the thermal effect being achieved by means of water, cold air, hot air circulating as indicated by the arrows 63 or by the use of electrical resistors which are not shown in the drawing. Heat is readily transmitted from the liquid positioned on the slabs 56 to the thermal element or vice versa because of the good thermal conductivity of the powdered carbon 54 and the graphite slabs 56.
  • the layers 26 and 28 are substantially the same as the corresponding layers described in FIG. 1.
  • each joint 64 is formed by a projection 68 on a face 70 of one block positioned within a groove 72 on the adjacent face 74 of the next continguous block.
  • the projection and groove have a sinuous configuration so that an inter-locking effect is achieved.
  • the blocks rest upon a bottom bed 76 of powdered carbon.
  • the joints 64 are also filled with powdered carbon and these joints together with the bottom bed 76 have a thickness ranging from 2-10mm.
  • a refractory insulating concrete 78 has been cast on the shell 28 so as to form a foundation surface with the top face of this surface having grooves 80 intersecting at right angles.
  • Rectangular slabs 82 of graphite each have a recess 84 in their bottom face so as to define a downwardly projecting peripheral rib 86 on the slab bottom face.
  • the peripheral ribs 86 of two adjacent slabs are seated together in a groove 80.
  • the joints 88 between adjacent slabs are open and have a width of about 6mm. so that molten tin is able to penetrate into this joint.
  • the molten tin is stopped at the level of the ribs 86 by a carbon layer 90 which is positioned on the foundation layer and within the grooves 80.
  • grains from the carbon layer 90 may be entrained within the molten tin and flow upwardly through the joint 88 to float upon the tin, however, these would not float upwardly above the horizontal plane defined by the bottom faces 92 of the ribs 86. lnfact, the grains located above this plane cannot be entrained since they have a tendency to rise. In this manner, the major portion of each of the slabs 82 is protected against erosion of the subjacent layer with the result that raising of a slab is impossible.
  • the liquid-tight layer 90 is separated from the liquid bath by a layer of spaced blocks 82.
  • a series of metallic plates such as tungsten, may be placed on this liquid-tight floor of the blocks 82. These metal plates are not welded but are merely positioned-on the slabs, and are not shown in the drawings.
  • graphite slabs 94 form a joint 102 between their rear faces and a layer of blocks 50 of silico-argillic ceramic. No material is interposed within the joint 102.
  • the powder may be tempered with the minimum quantity of water necessary to obtain a mortar having a consistency capable of being retained by adhesion on the ridge and groove defining the joint 96. This water is obviously rapidly eliminated by drying so that in operation the joint 96 if filled with loose powdered carbon.
  • a suction may be provided with an aperture 103 connected by a conduit 104 to a pump which is not shown in the drawing.
  • an oblique cut-out 105 is formed in the corners of the blocks 150.
  • An angle from 106 is positioned in the cut-out 105 and is welded at a number of points to the plate or shell 28. Since the quantity of the gases which are to be exhausted is relatively small these gases can readily circulate in the joints 96, 102 and 108 and infiltrate between the angle iron 106 and the plate 28.
  • the suction through the conduit 104 is established during the starting of the furnace but after a period of operation the evacuation of these gases can generally be discontinued.
  • the furnace wall structure shown in FIG. 6 combines the advantages of the joints shown in FIGS. 3 and 5.
  • a joint 110 is formed between successive slabs 112 and 113 and has a lower region 100 or first zone and a high region 98 or second zone as in FIG. 5.
  • the lower portion 114 of the joint is inclined to the vertical toward the lift-hand slab 112 as viewed in FIG. 6 so that a projecting portion 115 on the slab 1 12 is not only between the regions 1 l6 and 118 of the adjacent slab 113 which are located on the same horizontal plane but also between regions 120 and 122 of the same slab 113 located on a vertical plane which is perpendicular to a surface 124 of the face of the layer in contact with the molten tin bath.
  • the faces 126 and 128 forming the projection or tongue 115 define an acute angle toward the end of the projection in order to facilitate ,the positioning of the slabs. It is thus not necessary to position the slab 113 by moving the slab in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing but a slab may be introduced in the direction indicated by the arrow .130. This angular insertion of the slab 113 insures the grip of the tempered powder for the joint during this opera-j tion.
  • a layer of graphite slabs 132 is positioned on several layers of granular materials having thermal insulating properties considerably superior to those of the usual refractory ceramic blocks'50.
  • the steel shell or wall 28 there are superimposed a layer of highly insulating mineral W001 134, a bed of Koalin fibers 136 having 43 percent alumina which is more refractory than mineral wool, a layer of powdered carbon 138 and finally the graphite slabs 132.
  • the joints 140 between adjacent slabs are not filled and these slabs need not be positioned particularly close together. Fluid sealing is obtained in the upper portion of joint 140 by means of a groove 142 having with inclined slopes 144.
  • a graphite strip 146 having a trapezoidal shape is inserted within groove 142.
  • the faces 144 of the groove 142 and the faces and angles of strip 146 are accurately formed so as to minimize the thickness of the joints 148 between the strip and the groove walls. Should the spacing of joints 140 increase from deformations or other causes the strips 146 will be depressed under the forces exerted by the bath of molten tin so that the joints 148 will be very close and fluid tight.
  • the layers of loose material used in the joint 107 may be either in powder or fiber form.
  • FIGS. 2-7 all function to stop the flow of bath liquid either between the refractory members or along the rear faces of the refractory members formed in a layer adjoining the interior of the furnace. Preventing the bath liquid from reaching the rear faces of the blocks eliminates the relatively expensive anchoring structures for these blocks. Sealing of the rear faces of the blocks is also a safety measure where there is any likelihood of the joints between the blocks opening because of deformations due to the effects of heat. Further, the resistance of these joints to the penetration of the bath liquid can be significantly increased at points positioned further from the liquid bath because of the temperature drop in a direction away from the bath.
  • a further advantage of sealing of the joints at the rear faces of the blocks is that in the case of a floor structure the vertical joint is under greater stress than the horizontal joint beneath the blocks since in a vertical joint the weight of the molten bath tends toward a penetration of the bath liquid of the joint. Light solid or gaseous particles which might arrest this penetration are evacuated much more easily from the vertical joint.
  • a mutual interlocking of adjoining blocks in the layer decreases the likelihood of lifting of light blocks since one or more blocks which might be susceptible to such a lifting because of a deep penetration of the liquid would be retained in position because of the interlocking relationship. Thus, such blocks which are subjected to a lifting force would not be removed from the layer of blocks.
  • a liquid seal is attained in the spaces between the grains or particles of a powder filling a joint between slabs. Regardless of the dimensions of the grains the spaces between the grains are so small that the liquids which do not wet the grains will not penetrate into the spaces between them. It has been found that such a liquid seal is highly reliable and that the grains which are lighter than the liquid are not lifted and floated on the liquid when these grains are not wetted by the liquid. Such non-wettable powders are further advantageous since they can be subjected to internal movements without losing their tight seal. Such movements may occur when the dimensions between joints varies substantially because of the action of heat on the adjacent solid refractory blocks.
  • the refractory blocks may be made of a wettable material and non-wettable material is used in powder form to seal the joints between the blocks. It is also possible to cover the wettable material with a film of non-wettable material on those faces which are to be used in forming the joints. This can be done in such a way that a liquidtight seal is obtained only in the presence of a nonwettable material.
  • the binders be rich in carbon so that the binder itself is not wetted by the liquid contained in the furnace tank.
  • the binder should be rich in carbon at least in the upper portion of the joints which comes into contact with the molten tin bath. This carbon in the binder will prevent the tin from coming into contact with materials other than carbon which may be used in forming the joints.
  • Solutions containing sugar and heavy hydrocarbons may be used since when they are heated they leave a residue consisting essentially of carbon. Even when a binder is used it is preferred that the powder thus fixed in position be porous to insure ready evacuation of any gases which may be evolved. These gases should be evacuated in a direction away from the liquid and toward the exterior of the furnace.
  • the gases include not only those which might be released during the operation of the furnace but also any gases which may be produced from the setting of the binder either during the temperatures encountered during the use of the furnace or during the initial heating-up of the furnace.
  • Differential conductivity in longitudinal and transverse directions of a furnace wall may be obtained between the blocks of a tight layer by the forming of the joints between blocks so that the joints in one direction have a different resistance to heat transmission than the joints in another direction.
  • This arrangement will significantly limit the temperature gradient in one direction while producing a strong gradient in a perpendicular direction. Further, cooling or heating effects can be concentrated in particular areas.
  • the differences in conductivity between joints can be readily obtained merely by forming the joints of varying thicknesses.
  • suitable material which may either be the bath liquid itself if it is an insulator.
  • Materials of different conductivity may also be used to insulate joints to obtain such conductivity differentials.
  • the bath liquid may be in some joints and an insulating material may be positioned in other joints. Depending upon the materials, this arrangement permits greater flexibility for a wide range of adjustment of the conductivity differential.
  • FIGS. 8-10 Particular arrangements for obtaining thermal transmission differentials in the thickness of a layer of carbon slabs are illustrated in FIGS. 8-10.
  • a layer of refractory blocks is formed which is relatively insulating in a direction indicated by the arrow X but has good conductivity in a perpendicular direction as shown by the arrow Y.
  • the joints or 151 in the direction X are formed to be conducting whereas the joints 152 or 153 in the direction Y are formed to be insulating.
  • the conductive joints 151 the molten metal of the bath itself may be used.
  • a filling of a conductive powder, such as carbon, with a preferably conductive binder may be used.
  • a ceramic powder such as Kaolin preferably without a hinder, or a liquid of the bath itself, if it is insulating, may be used.
  • Joints filled with wettable powder may be made fluid-tight close to the inner surface of the wall by a local thin application of powdered carbon, with a binder if desired, or by reducing the dimension at that point of the joint between the slabs if they are non-wettable.
  • the difference in conductivity may also be produced from the difference in the thickness from one group of joints 150 to another 152 as may be seen in FIG. 8.
  • a layer of graphite slabs 56 is provided with a hot point 158 which can be insulated radially by means of wide circular insulating joints 160. At the same time circular conduction is enhanced by the relatively narrow joints 162.
  • the present invention has disclosed in a float glass furnace the use of powdered carbon in spaces formed along faces of carbon blocks constituting a refractory wall of the furnace tank in order to prevent the flow of molten tin behind the blocks although the density of the pulverulent carbon between the refractory blocks is considerably less than the density of molten tin.
  • the non-wettability of the carbon by the molten prevents the molten tin from penetrating interstices between and adjacent the blocks forming the refractory wall and from flowing under a block and a substantial portion of the lower face of the block to prevent lifting of the block.
  • the joints between refractory blocks which are filled with pulverulent material may be linear, sinuous or have some other configuration which would tend to restrict the flow path between or adjacent the blocks.
  • the presence of the pulverulent material in linear joints between refractory blocks constitutes an effective barrier against molten tin. This barrier is achieved by the use of pulverulent material without a binder and the pulverulent material may be loosely packed in the interstices between and adjacent the refractory blocks.
  • the present invention has many other applications other than the tank furnaces which contain a molten metal or molten glass as described above.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to a furnace as used in the glass industry for treatment of glass by the float process in which at least a portion of the tank containing liquid must be tightly sealed to prevent escape of the liquid.
  • the invention is particularly suitable to a wall which is sealed against tin and its alloys or for molten salts retained in a tank formed of carbon slabs. The carbon slabs and the powdered carbon between the slabs possess to a large degree the properties disclosed above according to the present invention.
  • the coating of carbon has the advantage of bettering the convection currents of liquid and of preventing adhesion of any molten glass which may come into contact with the walls of the tank. While the wall structure has been disclosed herein as comprising the floor of a tank it is to be understood that walls other than the floor may also incorporate the present invention.
  • a wall for a refractory furnace tank for making glass floating on a bath of molten metal the combination of a plurality of juxtapositioned prefabricated refractory blocks defining at least a thickness portion of a refractory furnace tank wall, there being interstices in the joints between the interior faces of said blocks, said interstices being filled with a pulverulent material not wettable by the molten metal and whose density is less than that of the molten metal in order to prevent penetration of the metal into the interstices, and wherein said interstices have a sinuous groove configuration so that an interlocking effect at said joints between the interior faces of the blocks is achieved.
  • a wall for a refractory furnace tank for making glass floating on a bath of molten metal the combination of a plurality of juxtapositioned prefabricated refractory blocks defining at least a thickness portion of a refractory furnace tank wall, there being interstices in the joints between the interior faces of said blocks, said interstices being filled with a pulverulent material not wettable by the molten metal and whose density is less than of the molten metal in order to prevent penetration of the metal into the interstices, and wherein said interstices have a configuration to define a higher and a lower zone with said higher zone being further from the faces of the blocks toward the interior of the tank than said lower zone, the distances being measured along the said interstices.
  • juxtapositioned blocks form at least one layer of a wall also comprising means in the interstices between the blocks for providing different resistances to heat transfer in different areas of the wall.
  • said pulverulent material is A1 0 Cr O or carbides and nitrides not wettable by molten tin.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
US00241055A 1968-10-30 1972-04-04 Refractory furnace tank walls Expired - Lifetime US3767375A (en)

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JP (1) JPS5233128B1 (cs)
AT (1) AT301082B (cs)
BE (1) BE740490A (cs)
BR (1) BR6913734D0 (cs)
CA (1) CA954303A (cs)
CH (1) CH520627A (cs)
CS (1) CS178852B2 (cs)
DE (1) DE1954716A1 (cs)
ES (1) ES372961A1 (cs)
FI (1) FI50872C (cs)
FR (1) FR2021878A1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1292158A (cs)
IE (1) IE33898B1 (cs)
IL (1) IL33248A (cs)
LU (1) LU57194A1 (cs)
NL (1) NL6916331A (cs)
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4130391A (en) * 1975-12-19 1978-12-19 Didier-Werke A.G. Tank block
US4769352A (en) * 1984-07-23 1988-09-06 Norton Company Refractory cement containing lithium fluoride flux
US5007950A (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-04-16 Ppg Industries, Inc. Compressed, wedged float glass bottom structure
US5299224A (en) * 1990-12-21 1994-03-29 La Carbone Lorraine Wall assembly for induction furnace
US5769910A (en) * 1996-05-17 1998-06-23 Nippon Sheet Glass Co., Ltd. Float bath for manufacturing float glass
US6286338B2 (en) * 1998-02-26 2001-09-11 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Block assembly for a gas-type lehr
US20070104859A1 (en) * 2005-05-10 2007-05-10 Michael Featherby Coating for environmental protection and indication
DE102006051637A1 (de) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-08 Schott Ag Floatbadwanne, Bodenwandstein, Absaugvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Absaugen von flüssigem Metall aus einer Floatbadwanne
US20110252832A1 (en) * 2010-04-20 2011-10-20 Woo-Hyun Kim Float bath for manufacturing glass, float glass forming method utilizing the same and method for installing barriers to the float bath
CN115626832A (zh) * 2022-11-02 2023-01-20 湖北瑞信养生用品科技有限公司 一种玻璃生产用碳化硅纤维复合陶瓷料槽及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6132443U (ja) * 1984-07-31 1986-02-27 相生町 建築物の床
DE3642098A1 (de) * 1986-12-10 1988-06-23 Stahlkontor Maschinenbau Vorrichtung zum selbsttaetigen verbinden des warenbahnendes einer auslaufenden wickelrolle mit dem warenbahnanfang einer folgenden wickelrolle in einer rollenwechseleinrichtung
DE29917012U1 (de) * 1999-09-27 2001-02-15 Schulte D W Gmbh & Co Kg Feuerfeste Ofenzustellung für Wärmeöfen und Feuerfestplatten hierfür
DE102008041661B4 (de) * 2008-08-28 2011-12-08 Schott Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Flachglas und Floatbadvorrichtung

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US3514520A (en) * 1967-02-01 1970-05-26 Montedison Spa Linings of electrolysis,remelting,and similar furnaces,containing molten metals,alone or together with molten salts
US3584475A (en) * 1967-04-14 1971-06-15 Ppg Industries Inc Float glass tank with a particulate bottom covering

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3514520A (en) * 1967-02-01 1970-05-26 Montedison Spa Linings of electrolysis,remelting,and similar furnaces,containing molten metals,alone or together with molten salts
US3584475A (en) * 1967-04-14 1971-06-15 Ppg Industries Inc Float glass tank with a particulate bottom covering

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4130391A (en) * 1975-12-19 1978-12-19 Didier-Werke A.G. Tank block
US4769352A (en) * 1984-07-23 1988-09-06 Norton Company Refractory cement containing lithium fluoride flux
US5007950A (en) * 1989-12-22 1991-04-16 Ppg Industries, Inc. Compressed, wedged float glass bottom structure
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DE102006051637B4 (de) * 2006-11-02 2010-03-04 Schott Ag Floatbadwanne, Bodenwandstein und Verfahren zum Absaugen von flüssigem Metall aus einer Floatbadwanne
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US20110252832A1 (en) * 2010-04-20 2011-10-20 Woo-Hyun Kim Float bath for manufacturing glass, float glass forming method utilizing the same and method for installing barriers to the float bath
US20120180530A1 (en) * 2010-04-20 2012-07-19 Woo-Hyun Kim Float bath for manufacturing glass; float glass forming method utilizing the same and method for installing barriers to the float bath
US8794037B2 (en) * 2010-04-20 2014-08-05 Lg Chem, Ltd. Float bath for manufacturing glass, float glass forming method utilizing the same and method for installing barriers to the float bath
US8813521B2 (en) * 2010-04-20 2014-08-26 Lg Chem, Ltd. Float bath for manufacturing glass; float glass forming method utilizing the same and method for installing barriers to the float bath
CN115626832A (zh) * 2022-11-02 2023-01-20 湖北瑞信养生用品科技有限公司 一种玻璃生产用碳化硅纤维复合陶瓷料槽及其制备方法
CN115626832B (zh) * 2022-11-02 2023-05-05 湖北瑞信养生用品科技有限公司 一种玻璃生产用碳化硅纤维复合陶瓷料槽及其制备方法

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GB1292158A (en) 1972-10-11
IL33248A (en) 1973-01-30
BR6913734D0 (pt) 1973-04-19
IL33248A0 (en) 1969-12-31
FR2021878A1 (cs) 1970-07-24
AT301082B (de) 1972-08-25
IE33898L (en) 1970-04-30
LU57194A1 (cs) 1970-05-04
CS178852B2 (en) 1977-10-31
FI50872C (fi) 1976-08-10
NO126613B (cs) 1973-03-05
FI50872B (cs) 1976-04-30
CH520627A (fr) 1972-03-31
JPS5233128B1 (cs) 1977-08-26
DE1954716A1 (de) 1970-05-06
CA954303A (en) 1974-09-10
RO57033A (cs) 1974-11-11
NL6916331A (cs) 1970-05-04
ES372961A1 (es) 1972-03-16
BE740490A (cs) 1970-04-20
IE33898B1 (en) 1974-12-11

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