Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
  • D06L1/12—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
  • D06L1/14—De-sizing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
  • D06L4/13—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen using inorganic agents
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
  • D06L4/17—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen in an inert solvent

Definitions

• ABSTRACT This invention provides a combination desizing, scouring and bleaching process for greige textiles employing an alkaline hydrogen peroxide and peroxydiphosphate.
• Desizing consists of removing any sizing compound that may have been added during weaving. Scouring removes fats, oils or waxes that may be on the fabrics and which interfere with uniform dyeing and bleaching. After desizing and scouring the fabric is bleached to whiten the fabric and make it more receptive to finishing chemicals. Various tests are performed on the fabric to determine the effectiveness of the desizing, scouring and bleaching operations and the receptiveness of the treated fabric to post-bleaching processes. The properties of the fabric normally tested are the reflectance (whiteness), average drop absorbency, the drop absorbency range, percent water extractables, percent enzyme extractables and percent fats, oils and waxes.
• Fabrics having acceptable values for the above properties have been obtained by separate desizing, scouring and bleaching treatments. For example, fabrics are desized with enzymes, hot caustic, alkaline peroxygens or bromine. Following this desizing step the fabric is secured with an alkali to remove the fats, oils and waxes as well as other impurities that the desizing process fails to remove. Good drop absorbency properties are usually obtained by this scouring process. Subsequently, the fabric is bleached to obtain high whiteness (reflectivity) employing bleaching chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide.
• bleaching chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide.
• This process comprises dampening the fibers with an aqueous alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution containing a peroxydiphosphate and heating the dampened fibers to a processing temperature of 180F. to 275F., and preferably about 212F., for between l.0 and 90 minutes whereby a high quality desized, scoured and bleached fiber is obtained.
• the quality of the desized, scoured and bleached product can be improved by adding to the aqueous alkaline hydrogen peroxide-peroxydiphosphate solution an organic hydrocarbon solvent, a surfactant, a stabilizer, and combinations thereof.
• This invention provides a combination desizing, scouring and bleaching process for textiles comprising dampening the textile fibers with a bleach containing as essential ingredients an aqueous alkaline hydrogen peroxide and a peroxydiphosphate and heating the dampened fibers to a processing temperature of about 180F. to 275F. for between 1.0 and 90 minutes.
• Both synthetic and cotten fibers and combinations thereof can be desized, scoured and bleached by the process of this invention.
• the quality of the desized, scoured and bleached fabric can be improved by combining with the alkaline hydrogen peroxideperoxydiphosphate solution, a stabilizer such as sodium silicate, an organic hydrocarbon solvent such as Varsol, or other similar petroleum distillate fraction solvents and a surface active agent of the type normally used in bleach solutions, preferably either an ionic or nonionic surfactant.
• the processing temperature preferably is about 2l2F., and normally is obtained by contacting the dampened fabric with steam at ambient pressure. However, temperatures somewhat lower than 2l2F., e.g. about 180F., can be employed although the processing time increases as the temperature decreases below 212F. Temperatures above 212F. can be obtained by performing the process in a pressure type bleaching vessel in which temperatures as high as about 275F.
• the process is performed by dampening the textile fibers with the bleach solution so that the dampened fibers contain about 50 to 150 parts by weight of bleach solution for each parts by weight of fiber.
• the dampening of the fibers is carried out by conventional means, for example, they can be immersed in the bleaching bath, removed from the bath and squeezed to remove excess bleach. Other suitable means will be apparent to one skilled in fiber-treating.
• the bleaching solution is an aqueous solution containing as essential ingredients (a) between 0.5% and 5.0% hydrogen peroxide (based on 50% hydrogen peroxide solution) and/or amounts of other peroxygens, e.g., perborates or percarbonates, that yield hydrogen peroxide in solution such that the hydrogen peroxide value is within the required percentages of 0.5% and 5%, (b) between 0.1% and 1.5% by weight of a watersoluble peroxydiphosphate such as potassium peroxydiphosphate, sodium peroxydiphosphate or similar water-soluble salts of peroxydiphosphoric acid, and (c) between 0.1% and 2.0% of an alkali such as sodium hydroxide, preferably about 0.8% to 0.9%.
• a watersoluble peroxydiphosphate such as potassium peroxydiphosphate, sodium peroxydiphosphate or similar water-soluble salts of peroxydiphosphoric acid
• an alkali such as sodium hydroxide
• a stabilizing amount of a silicate such as sodium silicate 1. a stabilizing amount of a silicate such as sodium silicate.
• an organic hydrocarbon solvent such as Varsol or similar petroleum distillate fraction solvents
• a wetting agent or surface active agent such as Triton X-100 or other nonionic or anionic wetting agents such as an alkyl aryl sodium sulfonate or an alkyl aryl polyether alcohol.
• the preferred amount of solvent is between 0.8% to 1.0% because greater amounts do not produce sufficient improvement-in relation to the added cost and increased disposal problem.
• the preferred characteristics of the petroleum distillate fraction solvent are, Aniline Point between 100F. and 150F., Kairi-Butanol Value between 32 and 47, a Solubility Parameter between 7.5 and 8.1, Flash Point, TCC between 100F. and 145F., Initial Boiling Point greater than 3001F. and Final Boiling Point less than 410F.
• a typical composition of such a solvent is (Vol. Aromatics between and 33%, Olefins less than 1%, Naphthenes between 26% and 43%, Paraffins between 32% and 60% and a Bromine Number between 0.08 and 0.28.
• Additives for adjusting or buffering the pH of this solution are not required as long as the essential peroxygen ingredients are contained within their desired concentrations.
• Non-cotton content was determined using AATCC tentative test method 97-1960 with the results obtained as percent enzyme extractables, percent water extractables and percent fats, oils and waxes.
• the greige textile fabric treated was a 100% cotton broadcloth, 2.6 yards per pound and 66 X 66 threads per inch. Before treatment the fabric contained 6.2% water extractables, 5.2% enzyme extractables and 0.82% fats, oils and waxes. Allpercentages herein are weight percentages unless otherwise stated and percentages of hydrogen peroxide stated herein are weight percentages of 50% hydrogen peroxide solution.
• Example A (Comparative) A cotton broadcloth sample was dampened to 100% saturation with an aqueous solution containing 3% hydrogen peroxide (50% solution), 2% sodium silicate 4 (42Be), 0.8% sodium hydroxide, 0.25% petroleum distillate fraction solvent, and 0.1% nonionic wetting agent. The dampened fabric was heated to 212F. with steam for 90 minutes and then washed. The fabric was then analyzed and had the properties reported in Table 1, column A.
• Example B The procedure of Example A was repeated with comparative bleaching solutions 13 and C having the composition reported in Table I and with bleaching solutions 1, 11 and 111 having composition within the scope of this invention as reported in Table 11. The effects of each bleach solution upon the fabrics are reported in Table I. A comparison of the results reported in Table 1 substantiates the consistently high quality results obtained with the process of this invention.
• the best mode contemplated for practicing this invention is by employing the solution composition, process time and temperature used in Example 111.
• the-solution composition can vary to some extent from the amounts used in Example 111, that is, the preferred composition ranges are:
• a stablizing amount of silicate usually about 2% sodium silicate
• f. wetting agent about 1.0%.
• a combination desizing, scouring and bleaching process for greige textile fibers comprising dampening greige unbleached textile fibers which contain all of the sizing compound and fats, oils or waxes originally present and added in processing with a solution consisting essentially of water,between 0.5% and 5.0% hydrogen peroxide added as such or derived in solution from other peroxygens, between 0.1% and 2% of an alkali and between 0.1% and 1.5% of a water-soluble peroxydiphosphate, heating the dampened fibers to about 180F. to about 275F. for between 1.0 and 90.0 minutes, and washing the fibers to remove the solubilized sizing and oils, fats or waxes.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=22611360

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (14)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (2)

• 0
  • BE BE787058D patent/BE787058A/xx unknown
• 1971
  • 1971-08-02 US US00168403A patent/US3765834A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1972
  • 1972-06-08 CA CA144,219A patent/CA971308A/en not_active Expired
  • 1972-06-12 ZA ZA723995A patent/ZA723995B/xx unknown
  • 1972-06-15 AU AU43443/72A patent/AU465649B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1972-06-16 DE DE2229455A patent/DE2229455A1/de active Pending
  • 1972-06-26 JP JP6332872A patent/JPS5622988B1/ja active Pending
  • 1972-07-04 IT IT26597/72A patent/IT962414B/it active
  • 1972-07-11 ES ES404727A patent/ES404727A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1972-07-27 NL NL7210352A patent/NL7210352A/xx unknown
  • 1972-08-01 CH CH1138972D patent/CH1138972A4/xx unknown
  • 1972-08-01 CH CH1138972A patent/CH560789A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1972-08-01 GB GB3580772A patent/GB1396733A/en not_active Expired
  • 1972-08-02 FR FR7227817A patent/FR2148189B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1972-08-02 AT AT667172A patent/AT317139B/de not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (2)

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