US3763669A - System for bulking yarn - Google Patents

System for bulking yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3763669A
US3763669A US00169657A US3763669DA US3763669A US 3763669 A US3763669 A US 3763669A US 00169657 A US00169657 A US 00169657A US 3763669D A US3763669D A US 3763669DA US 3763669 A US3763669 A US 3763669A
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Prior art keywords
loop
filament
chamber
apparatus defined
yarn
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US00169657A
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English (en)
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K Bous
D Rosenkranz
K Gorgen
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ROSENKRANZ AND CO GmbH
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ROSENKRANZ AND CO GmbH
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/20—Combinations of two or more of the above-mentioned operations or devices; After-treatments for fixing crimp or curl
    • D02G1/205—After-treatments for fixing crimp or curl

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A system for heat-treating a filament, especially for the bulking of yarn in which a loop of the filament is suspended in a hanging condition between a feed point and a take-up point by advancing the filament at said feed point at a rate greater than that at which the filament is withdrawn at said take-up point.
  • the loop is enclosed in a vertical tube substantially out of contact with the vertical walls thereof and the supply of filament within said tube is held substantially constant by controlling the relative speed at which the filament is fed and withdrawn at said points.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for treating a filament. More particularly this invention concerns an apparatus for heat treating a yarn to impart a crimp to it. In general terms, therefore, the invention relates to the bulking of heat-shrinkable synthetic-resin filaments and filaments, threads, yarns, etc. which can be bulked by heat and/or chemical treatments.
  • bulking or crimping in particular relies on the different shrinkage rates of the several different kinds of filaments in a combination yarn.
  • bulking will be defined as any chemically and/or heat induced deformation of a yarn or filament to increase its apparent volume.
  • the heating of the yarn imparts a crimp or curl to it by plastic-memory or simple length shrinkage so that the yarn occupies a greater volume and has a wool-like texture.
  • the simplest and most common method of treatment involves the dyeing and sizing of the yarn right on the spool.
  • a so-called bulking or shrinking chamber is used in which the yarn is subjected to steam or hot air.
  • Such a chamber has small holes in both sides, with the yarn being pulled continuously through.
  • plugs of lint form at the entrance and exit holes so that treatment must be stopped periodically for elimination of these plugs and prior to removal these plugs hinder the normal shrinking of the yarn. It has been suggested to eliminate the holes by passing the yarn straight between a pair of guides with a heating tube arranged between these guides. In this system it is unfortunately necessary to advance the yarn at a very'low speed in order to insure sufficient dwell time adjacent the heat.
  • the yarn is fed over a hot metal plate and caused to shrink by direct contact with the metal. Yarn so treated develops a very harsh hand and is often too stiff for many uses.
  • Another object is the provision of an improved apparatus for shrinking a yarn which overcomes the disadvantage of the above-described apparatuses.
  • a further object is to provide an apparatus which can process textile filaments faster than the abovedescribed devices with the resultant product having a better quality than heretofore possible.
  • the present invention attains the above objects by passing the yarn or filament through the treatment chamber in the form of at least one loop hanging down from between a pair of guiding and driving devices.
  • the distance between the two sets of rollers serving to feed and withdraw the yarn on opposite sides of the treatment chamber is a fraction of the vertical height of the loop hanging down between them.
  • Means is provided to direct a current of a hot fluid down in the chamber, and means also is provided to detect the length of the loop and correspondingly adjust the speed of one or both pairs of rollers to maintain this length constant.
  • the loop can be, according to a feature of the present invention, a single free-hanging loop,
  • the time the loop spends in the treatment fluid can be increased by allowing a length of the filament to build up in the base of the chamber while the danger that the mass will compact is completely obviated. In both cases there is no mechanical restraint to shrinking, so that the finished product will be fully treated.
  • the treatment chamber is an upright elongated sleeve whose upper end is arranged adjacent the feed and withdrawal rollers and adjacent a source of hot treatment fluid, and whose lower end is provided with the means for sensing the length of the loop and is connected to a source of reduced pressure to draw the heated fluid down.
  • the treatment means in the form of an elongated upright tube provided with a heating means, e.g. a radiant-heating surface or means for admitting a heating fluid to the interior of the tube preferably at an intermediate location along its length, communicating with a filament-feed device and a filament-takeup device at its upper end.
  • a heating means e.g. a radiant-heating surface or means for admitting a heating fluid to the interior of the tube preferably at an intermediate location along its length, communicating with a filament-feed device and a filament-takeup device at its upper end.
  • the lower end of the tube communicates with a suction source.
  • a loop-engaging sensor finger or lever to control the suction means and/or one or both of the aforementioned devices to regulate and maintain the loop.
  • the sensor may be of the optical (photocell) type or of the pressure type and has the same function.
  • the loop is supported, at its lower end or bight, by a perforated surface through which suction is applied to regulate, in part, the rate at which the accumulated portion of the yarn loop traverses this surface.
  • the surface may be formed by a moving perforated band whose speed defines the rate at which the accumulated yarn transversely crosses the interior of the tube.
  • the band may form the perforated support surface for a plurality of such tubes, through which the yarn passes in succession. Control means for the filament feed and/or the band to control the loops may be provided for each such tube.
  • the filament can be fed in through one of these ducts and is led out through the other, one of the ducts being connected with the source of beating fluid.
  • the other duct may serve as the return for this fluid.
  • At least one of the ducts may be periodically swingable about a horizontal axis perpendicular to the axis of the tube to control the accumulation on the perforated surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through an apparatus representing a first embodiment of the present invention and adapted to carry out the method thereof;
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the first embodiment
  • FIGS. 3-7 are vertical sections through five other embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown an apparatus wherein a filament 1 is drawn from one or both of a pair of spools 2 and 3 through an eye 4 by a combined feedguide apparatus (feed device) 6.
  • the filament l is taken up by a withdrawal mechanism (take-up device) 7 and wound on a spool 13.
  • the feed mechanism 6 consists of a pair of rollers 5 and 6a.
  • the filament passes several times around the roller 5 and a small roller 5a adjacent it.
  • a motor 25 is connected to a shaft 25a which in turn is connected in its clockwise rotational sense to the roller 6a via a oneway override clutch arrangement 24.
  • the filament 1 forms a loop 9 in an upright chamber 8 provided with heat-radiating elements 8' along its interior.
  • a plurality of small guides 10 and 11 lead the filament to the takeup device 7 which consists of a pair of rollers 7a and 71;, around the former of which the filament is wound several times with interposition of a small wheel 7a as in the drive arrangement 6.
  • a motor 70 drives the roller 7b and a motor 12 drives the spool 13.
  • a pair of in-line apertures 8a and 8b are formed across the base of the vessel 8.
  • a photoelectric eye 18 is placed adjacent the aperture 8a and a light source 17 adjacent the aperture 8b.
  • the cell 18 is connected via an amplifier 19 to a solenoid 20 carrying a roller 21 engageable between a wheel 22 carried on a shaft 23a driven by a motor 23 and the roller 6a.
  • a screen 16 to prevent the filament 1 from being drawn past a damper 15 into a low pressure chamber 14a connected to the input of a blower 14, or for accommodating an accumulation of the filament as described below.
  • the feed device 6 is driven at a rate that advances the filament into the chamber 8 at a velocity between 0.2 percent and 2.0 percent slower than the velocity at which the device 7 draws the filament 1 out of the vessel 8 plus a percentage of this latter velocity equal to the average amount of shrinkage (say, 10 to 30 percent).
  • the motor 23 when connected to the roller 6a is adapted to override the clutch 24 and drive the filament 1 between 2 percent and 5 percent faster than the roller 6a does when only driven through its clutch 24 by the motor 25.
  • an acrylic-fiber filament 1 is used having a shrinkage of between 18 percent and 22 percent the motor 7c is set to pull the filament out of the vessel 8 wherein it forms a loop 9 substantially l5 centimeters high at a velocity of 20 centimeters per second.
  • the motor 25 is adapted to advance the filament into the vessel 8 at a velocity of 23.75 centimeters per second while the motor 23 can advance the filament at a rate of 25 centimeters per second.
  • the elements 8 are heated to 200 C so that as the air passes down in the column 8 at 30 centimeters per second it beats to about C.
  • a small loop 9d is formed.
  • the light source 17 directs its beam at full strength on the photocell l8 and actuates the solenoid to urge the roller 21 between the rollrs 22 and 6a so that this latter is driven at its faster speed, 25 cm/sec.
  • the solenoid 20 is deactivated and the roller 6a is driven at its slower speed, 23.75 cm/sec.
  • the lower end of the loop 9 tends to move up or down the solenoid 20 is actuated to keep the loop length substantially constant.
  • FIG. 3 an apparatus is shown wherein a filament 30 is pulled off a spool 31 by a pair of rollers 26 driven by a motor 25.
  • the filament 30 forms a loop in a chamber 27 formed as a sleeve and provided at its interior with radiant heating means 27'.
  • a spool 34 is driven by a roller 29 to take up the filament 30.
  • a sensing finger 32 engaged through the loop is connected via a circuit 33 to the motor 25 so that when the loop shortens the motor 25 is speeded up to lengthen it, the finger 32 mechanically engaging the loop and actuating a microswitch.
  • No means for producing a current stream is provided in this embodiment, although such means can be employed.
  • the circuit 33 can be coupled to the motor driving the takeup spool 34 and the motor 25 can run at a constant speed if desired. In this case the peripheral velocity of the spool 34 would be decreased in order to lengthen the loop.
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically a vertical treatment chamber 35 in which the yarn 43 is heated by saturated steam or with steam superheated to C at 0.1 to 1 atm gauge.
  • a perforated annular nozzle 36 with apertures 38 trained upon the path of the yarn at the mouth of tube 35.
  • the nozzle is connected by a duct 37 to a source of heated fluid as represented by the boiler 37
  • the apertures 38 of the annular nozzles 36 are so arranged that the entire treatment tube 35 is filled with steam, the steam being drawn downwardly to the suction box 39 at the bottom of the tube.
  • the volume of steam which is drawn off by suction and the velocity of the steam in the tube 35 can be controlled by a valve means represented by the 39' which is shifted in the direction of arrow Z.
  • the yarn 40 is fed between a pair of nip rolls 41, constituting the feed device and disposed so that the point 41 at which the loop 43 of yarn drops from the feed device, lies inwardly of the wall 35 of the tube.
  • the point 42' at which the pickup device 42, formed by a pair of nip rolls 42 lies inwardly of the wall portion 35" opposite wall 35'.
  • the peripheral speed of the takeup rolls 42 is, of course, 18-25 percent less than the supply speed of the feed rolls 41, the peripheral speed differential being maintained by control devices as described in any of the preceding or suceeding embodiments.
  • v perforated plate 200 can be provided in the vertical tube 35 to form a support for an accumulated portion of the yarn, if desired, and to prevent the loop from passing into the suction box 39 on the aperture in slide A more intensive treatment of the yarn over a greater treatment time can be obtained with the system illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the vertical treatment tube 46 defines a treatment chamber 201 above a butterfly flap 202 controlling the suction produced by a vacuum box 203 at the lower end of this tube.
  • a perforated plate 204 is provided above the flap 202 for the reasons already described with respect to the perforated plate 200.
  • the supply means or feed device is formed by a pair of nip rolls disposed at a distance D from the takeup rolls 53 which is less than the width or diameter W of the chamber of tube 46.
  • the filament 45 extending downwardly without contact with any surface to form the loop 51, passes through a duct 49 reaching downwardly into the otherwise open end of the treatment tube 46.
  • the duct 49 extends over a length of 0.5 to 2 in while surrounding the yarn, only a portion of this length being within the treatment tube 46.
  • the inlet A of duct 49 is connected to a source of treatment fluid, preferably saturated steam, supersaturated steam, heated air or water with a temperature of 60 to 100 C.
  • a constriction 47 is provided upstream of the yarn to accelerate the flow of steam as it reaches the yarn and an aperture 48 is provided through which the yarn is supplied.
  • the yarn passes through an analogous tube 52 which can be longer or shorter than tube 49 and can be used to conduct the treatment fluid from the system.
  • treatment fluid can be introduced through both tubes 49 and 52 and evacuated only by the suction box, or introduced by the tube 49 and removed by the suction box 203 together with the duct 52.
  • the present invention also contemplates more prolonged treatment of the yarn, e.g. by the system which has been illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • the upright treatment chamber is a tube 54 in which the loop 205 is gathered at its bottom end and is supported on a perforated plate or sieve 57 to form a layer 55 of the yarn.
  • a suction box 56 adapted to apply a subatmospheric pressure in the space 62 between the perforated plate 57 and the suction box.
  • This suction which is controlled by a flap valve as shown at 202, or by the sliding plate 63 of FIG. 6, serves to retain the yarn layer 55 against the plate with a friction force determined by the suction level.
  • the yarn layer may include 10-200 m of yarn.
  • a duct which, like the duct 49, is provided with a window 59 through which the yarn extends. At the mouth of the tube 58, the yarn emerges to form the loop 205.
  • the duct 60 is also provided with an inlet 61 for saturated steam, steam superheated to 105 to 250 C, heated air or hot water with a pressure of 0.1 to 1 atmosphere gauge.
  • the distance Y between the mouth of tube 58 and the perforated support surface 57 ranges between 2X and 4X where X is the length of the perforated surface.
  • the loop-forming means is controlled in response to pressure.
  • a membrane capsule 55 is connected by a line 64 with the space 62 below the perforated surface 57.
  • the membrane 65 of the capsule is arranged to operate a switch 66 which, via an amplifier 67, controls an electric motor 69 coupled to the rolls 68 of the takeup device.
  • the fluid entering the chamber 62 is confined only to the balance of the perforated plate. The flow through the latter is thereby reduced.
  • the suction in the space 62 increases or the absolute pressure drops.
  • the increased suction force triggers the motor 69 to accelerate the latter and drawing off the yarn at a faster rate, thereby reducing the thickness of the yarn layer. Should the loop fail to materialize at all or gradually be decreased,
  • a similar pressure sensor is provided to slow down the motor 69.
  • a conventional control point and pressure controls correcting the system at 2 to 15 operations per minute, it has been possible to compensate adequately the treatment time for varying shrinkage conditions and yarn characteristics.
  • a constant control can, of course, also be provided when the contact 66 is replaced by a potentiometer (not shown) in a stepless speed control circuit for the motor 69.
  • the tube 60 is oscillated in the direction of arrow V about the pivot axis U via an arm 71 bearing against an eccentric or cam 72 and held thereagainst by a spring 73.
  • the fulcrum can, if desired, be formed by a bearing at the junction of arm 71 with duct 60.
  • FIG. 7 A somewhat more complicated system generally similar to that of FIG. 6, has been illustrated in FIG. 7, in which a number of yarns are passed through respective treatment tubes and/or a single yarn is passed through a number of treatment tubes.
  • the perforated surface upon which the yarn loops are supported, includes an endless band 74 displaced upon conveyer rolls 75 (only one shown) driven with a peripheral speed of 0.3 to 6 mm/minute.
  • the vertical treatment tubes 89, 90, etc., each mounted above an opening 206, 207 of the suction box, are provided with aligned slits 79, 80, 81 and 82 traversed by the perforated band 74 whereby the band extends through the bottoms of the tubes 79, 80 above the respective opening into the suction box.
  • the yarn 83 and 84 are deposited upon the band 74 close to the inlet slot 79 and 81.
  • tubes 85 and 86 which extend downwardly into the treatment tubes 89 and 90 are provided and have inlets 208, 209 through which the yarn enters these tubes from the feed rolls 87, 88.
  • the treatment fluid may be introduced at T and S, respectively.
  • the yarn 83 and 84 is led from each treatment tube 89 or 90 via a respective takeup device 103, 104.
  • the takeup devices are controlled by respective levers 91 and 92 whose arms 93 and 94 are pivotally mounted on the treatment tubes 89 and 90 and bear respectively upon the layers of yarn 95 and 96 carried by the band 74.
  • the layers 95 and 96 are thus retained by suction against the band until the yarn contacts the sensor 91, 93 or the sensor 92, 94, each of which is provided with a switch 97 or 98 controlling an amplifier 99 and 100 to operate the variable speed electric motors 101 or 102.
  • the latter drive the takeup rolls 103 and 104.
  • each of the treatment tubes 89, 90 is provided with a nozzle ring 105 or 106 through which the treatment fluid can be introduced.
  • An oscillation or swinging arrangement of the arm 85, 86 is also possible to spread the yarn over the band.
  • the arm 85 is mounted for rotation on a shaft 107 parallel to the band 74 so that the plane of swing is transverse.
  • a drive rod 110 can be coupled to a crank pin 109 of the disk 108 on shaft 107. As the bar 110 is vertically reciprocated, the duct 95 swings in a direction transverse to the plane of the paper.
  • the invention as described above has been shown by way of example as applicable to the shrinking of yarn and the bulking thereof.
  • the yarn may be available from any source, may be passed entirely through the system, may be used for other heat treatments, etc.
  • the system may be used for the stabilization of carpet yarns, for the fixing of latent textures in yarns and may be employed together with a twisting or twining step.
  • An apparatus for the continuous heat treatment of a textile filament, especially for the bulking of yarn comprising:
  • a feed device for advancing a filament and take-up device for withdrawing of filament spaced apart to form a downwardly hanging free loop
  • suction means communicating with said tubular chamber at a lower end thereof for drawing fluid through said tubular chamber.
  • the means for controlling the speed includes a sensor responsive to the bight of said loop for controlling said one of said devices.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US00169657A 1970-08-07 1971-08-06 System for bulking yarn Expired - Lifetime US3763669A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2039273A DE2039273B2 (de) 1970-08-07 1970-08-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schrumpfen von laufenden Garnen

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US3763669A true US3763669A (en) 1973-10-09

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US00169657A Expired - Lifetime US3763669A (en) 1970-08-07 1971-08-06 System for bulking yarn

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US (1) US3763669A (it)
CH (1) CH527298A (it)
DE (1) DE2039273B2 (it)
FR (1) FR2104105A5 (it)
GB (1) GB1348831A (it)
IT (1) IT942069B (it)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3925865A (en) * 1973-10-24 1975-12-16 Donald K Christian Fabric bulking unit
US4162564A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-07-31 Stanley Robert K Method and apparatus for stuffer crimping strand material
US4244692A (en) * 1978-07-24 1981-01-13 Dixie Yarns, Inc. Process for manufacturing flame-retardant yarn
US4295252A (en) * 1979-07-12 1981-10-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. Method for measuring yarn shrinkage and crimp development
US4658483A (en) * 1985-04-26 1987-04-21 Baghdadi George L Yarn shrinking method
US5079908A (en) * 1988-08-27 1992-01-14 Hans Stahlecker Arrangement for carrying out a yarn piecing operation at a spinning point of a spinning machine
US5950412A (en) * 1995-03-24 1999-09-14 Icbt Valence Machine for continuously plying or twisting yarns with subsequent complementary heat treatment
US20090320437A1 (en) * 2006-08-26 2009-12-31 Siegfried Brenk Method for the thermal treatment of a running yarn and twisting machine for carrying out the method
EP2840178A4 (en) * 2012-04-20 2016-05-18 Unicharm Corp METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECOVERING A LARGE AMOUNT OF NONWOVEN MATERIAL
CN106868765A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2017-06-20 长春工业大学 一种服装预缩机

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2927032C2 (de) * 1979-07-04 1983-10-06 Gotthard 5800 Hagen Schewior Vorrichtung zum Texturieren von Kunststoffäden
CN117822183B (zh) * 2024-03-05 2024-06-18 张家港伟诺复合材料有限公司 一种用于碳纤维双向织造物的织造控制方法及系统

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2009856A (en) * 1934-03-21 1935-07-30 Gen Electric Annealing furnace
US2346186A (en) * 1942-10-08 1944-04-11 Du Pont Heat treatment of textiles
US3074261A (en) * 1961-04-04 1963-01-22 Riggs & Lombard Inc Apparatus for treating webs
FR1455499A (fr) * 1964-11-05 1966-04-01 Machine tordeuse, développeuse, bobineuse convenant particulièrement pour les filés acryliques
US3367039A (en) * 1965-05-19 1968-02-06 H G Weber And Company Inc Tensioning and reversal of web without rollers

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2009856A (en) * 1934-03-21 1935-07-30 Gen Electric Annealing furnace
US2346186A (en) * 1942-10-08 1944-04-11 Du Pont Heat treatment of textiles
US3074261A (en) * 1961-04-04 1963-01-22 Riggs & Lombard Inc Apparatus for treating webs
FR1455499A (fr) * 1964-11-05 1966-04-01 Machine tordeuse, développeuse, bobineuse convenant particulièrement pour les filés acryliques
US3367039A (en) * 1965-05-19 1968-02-06 H G Weber And Company Inc Tensioning and reversal of web without rollers

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3925865A (en) * 1973-10-24 1975-12-16 Donald K Christian Fabric bulking unit
US4112558A (en) * 1973-10-24 1978-09-12 Christian Donald K Fabric bulking process
US4162564A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-07-31 Stanley Robert K Method and apparatus for stuffer crimping strand material
US4244692A (en) * 1978-07-24 1981-01-13 Dixie Yarns, Inc. Process for manufacturing flame-retardant yarn
US4295252A (en) * 1979-07-12 1981-10-20 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. Method for measuring yarn shrinkage and crimp development
US4658483A (en) * 1985-04-26 1987-04-21 Baghdadi George L Yarn shrinking method
US5079908A (en) * 1988-08-27 1992-01-14 Hans Stahlecker Arrangement for carrying out a yarn piecing operation at a spinning point of a spinning machine
US5950412A (en) * 1995-03-24 1999-09-14 Icbt Valence Machine for continuously plying or twisting yarns with subsequent complementary heat treatment
US20090320437A1 (en) * 2006-08-26 2009-12-31 Siegfried Brenk Method for the thermal treatment of a running yarn and twisting machine for carrying out the method
US7997055B2 (en) * 2006-08-26 2011-08-16 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co Kg Method for the thermal treatment of a running yarn and twisting machine for carrying out the method
EP2840178A4 (en) * 2012-04-20 2016-05-18 Unicharm Corp METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECOVERING A LARGE AMOUNT OF NONWOVEN MATERIAL
US9637851B2 (en) 2012-04-20 2017-05-02 Unicharm Corporation Method and device for recovering bulk of nonwoven fabric
CN106868765A (zh) * 2017-03-20 2017-06-20 长春工业大学 一种服装预缩机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH527298A (de) 1972-08-31
FR2104105A5 (it) 1972-04-14
DE2039273B2 (de) 1978-05-24
GB1348831A (en) 1974-03-27
DE2039273A1 (de) 1972-02-17
IT942069B (it) 1973-03-20

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