US3761956A - Sound generating device - Google Patents

Sound generating device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3761956A
US3761956A US00181720A US3761956DA US3761956A US 3761956 A US3761956 A US 3761956A US 00181720 A US00181720 A US 00181720A US 3761956D A US3761956D A US 3761956DA US 3761956 A US3761956 A US 3761956A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
resonance
sound generating
generating device
node
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00181720A
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English (en)
Inventor
N Takahashi
H Mori
H Ueki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nittan Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nittan Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP9693570U external-priority patent/JPS5417377Y1/ja
Priority claimed from JP45093944A external-priority patent/JPS5035794B1/ja
Application filed by Nittan Co Ltd filed Critical Nittan Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3761956A publication Critical patent/US3761956A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A piezoelectric sound generator having a diaphragm carrying the piezoelectric element and at least one resonant chamber spaced from said diaphragm with the wall of said chamber being coincident with a node circle on the diaphragm.
  • This invention relates to a sound generating device including a piezoelectric vibrator element and more particularly to an improved sound magnifying structure.
  • one object of this invention resides in the provision of an improved sound generating device having a simplified structure but exhibiting a high efficiency.
  • the sound generating device includes a disc-shaped piezoelectric vibrator element, a circular diaphragm to which the piezoelectric vibrator element is adhered, and a cylindrical resonance chamber having a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the node circle of vibration of the diaphragm and supporting the diaphragm at or near the node circle.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a sound generating device according to this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a graph used for explaining the operation of the device of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a sound generating device according to this invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a sound generating device according to this invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a fourth embodiment of a sound generating device according to this invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph used for explaining the operation of the device of FIG. 5.
  • the sound generating device includes a disc-shaped electromechanical transducer element 1 made of piezoelectric material such as barium titanate and electrodes 2 and 3 are attached to the faces thereof.
  • the electrode 2 is in the form of a circular thin metal plate which is much larger than the element 1 so as to function as a diaphragm of the sound generating device.
  • the diaphragm may be made as a separate body and, moreover, may be made of a different material such as synthetic resin.
  • the electrode or diaphragm 2 When an a.c. sound signal of an appropriate frequency is applied between the electrodes 2 and 3, the electrode or diaphragm 2 initiates vibration as shown schematically by dashed curves in the upper part of the drawing and forma a node circle 11 on the diaphragm 2.
  • the device also includes a cylindrical cup-shaped resonance chamber 5 containing a resonance cavity 51 and the diaphragm 2 is supported by a plurality of supporting edges 4 provided on the open end of the resonance chamber 5 at or near the node circle 11. While the diaphragm 2 is supported by a plurality of pointed edges 4, it is spaced from the end of the resonance chamber 5 by a gap G.
  • the gap G is preferably about 1.5 millimeters. It is evident from the drawing that the diameter D of the resonance cavity 51 should be substantially equal to the diameter of the node circle 11 but the depth H thereof must be determined experimentally.
  • FIG. 2 shows the result of experimental measurements of sound volume with respect to the depth H of the resonance cavity 51 having a diameter of 32 millimeters.
  • a metal diaphragm of 50 millimeters in diameter and 0.5 millimeters in thickness, a piezoelectric element 36 millmeters in diameter and 0.5 millimeters in thickness and a driving frequency of 2.6 killoherzs were adopted.
  • the maximum sound volume was obtained with a depth H of about 10 millimeters.
  • Such optimum depth varies with various parameters. For example, when the diameter of the diaphragm was millimeters, the diameter of the resonance cavity was 46 millimeters and the driving frequency was 1.0 killoherz, the optimum depth was 26 millimeters.
  • the diameter of the diaphragm should be selected properly. It has been found experimentally that the diameter D of the resonance cavity 51 should preferably be 65% i 1% of the diameter of the diaphragm 2.
  • the inventor has found that the efficiency of the device of FIG. 1 can be further improved by providing the resonance chamber 5 with an additional resonance cavity 52 arranged concentrically with the original resonance cavity 51, when the vibration has a secondary mode as shown by dashed curves in the upper part of FIG. 3. As shown in the drawing, this vibration has two node circles 11 and 12 and it has been found that the maximum efficiency can be obtained when the cylindrical walls of both resonance cavities 51 and 52 are disposed in coincidence with the node circles 11 and 12 respectively.
  • the optimum percent ratios of the diameters D1 and D2 of the resonance cavities 51 and 52 to the diameter of the diaphragm 2 have been found experimentally to be about 47 percent and percent re spectively. As in the case of the device of FIG. 1, the depths of both resonance cavities must be determined experimentally.
  • the device can be modified for a multiplex mode of vibration.
  • FIG. 4 represents a modification of the device of FIG. 3 for a tertiary mode of vibration having three node circles 11, 12 and 13 as shown in the upper part of the drawing.
  • the device includes a resonance chamber containing three resonance cavities 51, 52 and 53 arranged concentrically and having respective cylindrical walls disposed in coincidence with the node circles 11, 12 and 13 respectively.
  • a piezoelectric element 1, electrodes 2 and 3 and a resonance chamber 5 are arranged substantially similarly to those in FIG. 1 but the base of the resonance chamber 5 is open and a reflector plate 8 is disposed facing thereto.
  • the reflector plate 8 is supported by an appropriate supporting member 9 as shown in phantom and preferably has a diameter somewhat greater than that of the resonance cavity 51.
  • FIG. 6 shows an experimental result representing the relation between the distance between the reflector plate 8 and the open end of the resonance chamber 5, and sound volume corresponding to the efficiency of the device. It is evident from the drawing that the maximum efficiency is obtained at the distance of about chamber positioned in closely spaced relationship to one side of said diaphragm and consisting of a plurality of resonance cavities having cylindrical walls arranged concentrically and having diameters substantially equal to the diameters of said node circles respectively, the cylindrical walls of said resonance cavities being disposed in coincidence with said node circles respectively and diaphragm supporting means extending from one edge of a wall of one of said cavities, said supporting means being aligned with a node circle and carrying said diaphragm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
US00181720A 1970-10-01 1971-09-20 Sound generating device Expired - Lifetime US3761956A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9693670 1970-10-01
JP9693570U JPS5417377Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-10-01 1970-10-01
JP9693470 1970-10-01
JP45093944A JPS5035794B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-10-27 1970-10-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3761956A true US3761956A (en) 1973-09-25

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00181720A Expired - Lifetime US3761956A (en) 1970-10-01 1971-09-20 Sound generating device

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3761956A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA928997A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2148704C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2109894A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1330750A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3860838A (en) * 1972-06-26 1975-01-14 Sumitomo Electric Industries Piezoelectric buzzer assembly
US3872470A (en) * 1973-04-18 1975-03-18 Airco Inc Audible signal generating apparatus having selectively controlled audible output
US3873866A (en) * 1973-11-05 1975-03-25 Sontrix Piezoelectric transducer assembly and method for generating an umbrella shaped radiation pattern
US3890513A (en) * 1974-02-14 1975-06-17 Systron Donner Corp Acoustic transducer
US3921016A (en) * 1973-12-12 1975-11-18 Proctor & Assoc Co Sonic signal generator and housing
US3970879A (en) * 1971-12-29 1976-07-20 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Piezoelectric acoustic device
US4172253A (en) * 1972-04-19 1979-10-23 Hermans Albert L Controlled wave pattern ultrasonic burglar alarm
US4228379A (en) * 1978-08-28 1980-10-14 American District Telegraph Company Diaphragm type piezoelectric electroacoustic transducer
US4429247A (en) 1982-01-28 1984-01-31 Amp Incorporated Piezoelectric transducer supporting and contacting means
US4430529A (en) 1980-12-24 1984-02-07 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric loudspeaker
US4494032A (en) * 1982-08-30 1985-01-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Transducer plate for electro-acoustic transducers
US4593160A (en) * 1984-03-09 1986-06-03 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric speaker
EP0205381A1 (fr) * 1985-06-10 1986-12-17 Centre Technique Des Industries Mecaniques Transducteur électro-fluidique du type buse/palette et servo-valve hydraulique équipée d'un tel transducteur
US5063372A (en) * 1990-06-22 1991-11-05 Ranco Incorporated Of Delaware Door ajar alarm for refrigeration unit
US5070319A (en) * 1990-06-22 1991-12-03 Ranco Incorporated Of Delaware Door ajar alarm for refrigeration unit
US5105116A (en) * 1989-05-31 1992-04-14 Seikosha Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric transducer and sound-generating device
US5317305A (en) * 1992-01-30 1994-05-31 Campman James P Personal alarm device with vibrating accelerometer motion detector and planar piezoelectric hi-level sound generator
US5363452A (en) * 1992-05-19 1994-11-08 Shure Brothers, Inc. Microphone for use in a vibrating environment
US7009326B1 (en) * 1999-10-28 2006-03-07 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Ultrasonic vibration apparatus use as a sensor having a piezoelectric element mounted in a cylindrical casing and grooves filled with flexible filler
US20060126885A1 (en) * 2004-12-15 2006-06-15 Christopher Combest Sound transducer for solid surfaces
US7386137B2 (en) 2004-12-15 2008-06-10 Multi Service Corporation Sound transducer for solid surfaces
US9800980B2 (en) 2015-09-14 2017-10-24 Wing Acoustics Limited Hinge systems for audio transducers and audio transducers or devices incorporating the same
US11137803B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2021-10-05 Wing Acoustics Limited Slim electronic devices and audio transducers incorporated therein
US11166100B2 (en) 2017-03-15 2021-11-02 Wing Acoustics Limited Bass optimization for audio systems and devices

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1370164A (en) * 1972-01-30 1974-10-16 Mullard Ltd Piezoelectric transducer
DE3135096A1 (de) * 1981-02-20 1982-09-09 Apparatebau Wilhelm Heibl Gmbh, 8671 Selbitz Schallgeber mit piezowandler

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2967957A (en) * 1957-09-17 1961-01-10 Massa Frank Electroacoustic transducer
US3166730A (en) * 1959-09-29 1965-01-19 Jr James R Brown Annular electrostrictive transducer
US3271596A (en) * 1963-11-12 1966-09-06 Boeing Co Electromechanical transducers
US3331970A (en) * 1964-09-29 1967-07-18 Honeywell Inc Sonic transducer
US3518460A (en) * 1968-10-30 1970-06-30 Euphonics Corp Ultrasonic transducer employing suspended piezoelectric plate
US3578995A (en) * 1969-09-22 1971-05-18 Dynamics Corp Massa Div Electroacoustic transducers of the bilaminar flexural vibrating type
US3638052A (en) * 1969-09-22 1972-01-25 Dynamics Corp America Electroacoustic transducers of the bilaminar flexural vibrating type

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2967957A (en) * 1957-09-17 1961-01-10 Massa Frank Electroacoustic transducer
US3166730A (en) * 1959-09-29 1965-01-19 Jr James R Brown Annular electrostrictive transducer
US3271596A (en) * 1963-11-12 1966-09-06 Boeing Co Electromechanical transducers
US3331970A (en) * 1964-09-29 1967-07-18 Honeywell Inc Sonic transducer
US3518460A (en) * 1968-10-30 1970-06-30 Euphonics Corp Ultrasonic transducer employing suspended piezoelectric plate
US3578995A (en) * 1969-09-22 1971-05-18 Dynamics Corp Massa Div Electroacoustic transducers of the bilaminar flexural vibrating type
US3638052A (en) * 1969-09-22 1972-01-25 Dynamics Corp America Electroacoustic transducers of the bilaminar flexural vibrating type

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3970879A (en) * 1971-12-29 1976-07-20 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Piezoelectric acoustic device
US4172253A (en) * 1972-04-19 1979-10-23 Hermans Albert L Controlled wave pattern ultrasonic burglar alarm
US3860838A (en) * 1972-06-26 1975-01-14 Sumitomo Electric Industries Piezoelectric buzzer assembly
US3872470A (en) * 1973-04-18 1975-03-18 Airco Inc Audible signal generating apparatus having selectively controlled audible output
US3873866A (en) * 1973-11-05 1975-03-25 Sontrix Piezoelectric transducer assembly and method for generating an umbrella shaped radiation pattern
US3921016A (en) * 1973-12-12 1975-11-18 Proctor & Assoc Co Sonic signal generator and housing
US3890513A (en) * 1974-02-14 1975-06-17 Systron Donner Corp Acoustic transducer
US4228379A (en) * 1978-08-28 1980-10-14 American District Telegraph Company Diaphragm type piezoelectric electroacoustic transducer
US4430529A (en) 1980-12-24 1984-02-07 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric loudspeaker
US4429247A (en) 1982-01-28 1984-01-31 Amp Incorporated Piezoelectric transducer supporting and contacting means
US4494032A (en) * 1982-08-30 1985-01-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Transducer plate for electro-acoustic transducers
US4593160A (en) * 1984-03-09 1986-06-03 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric speaker
EP0205381A1 (fr) * 1985-06-10 1986-12-17 Centre Technique Des Industries Mecaniques Transducteur électro-fluidique du type buse/palette et servo-valve hydraulique équipée d'un tel transducteur
US5105116A (en) * 1989-05-31 1992-04-14 Seikosha Co., Ltd. Piezoelectric transducer and sound-generating device
US5063372A (en) * 1990-06-22 1991-11-05 Ranco Incorporated Of Delaware Door ajar alarm for refrigeration unit
US5070319A (en) * 1990-06-22 1991-12-03 Ranco Incorporated Of Delaware Door ajar alarm for refrigeration unit
US5317305A (en) * 1992-01-30 1994-05-31 Campman James P Personal alarm device with vibrating accelerometer motion detector and planar piezoelectric hi-level sound generator
US5363452A (en) * 1992-05-19 1994-11-08 Shure Brothers, Inc. Microphone for use in a vibrating environment
US7009326B1 (en) * 1999-10-28 2006-03-07 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Ultrasonic vibration apparatus use as a sensor having a piezoelectric element mounted in a cylindrical casing and grooves filled with flexible filler
US20060126885A1 (en) * 2004-12-15 2006-06-15 Christopher Combest Sound transducer for solid surfaces
US7386137B2 (en) 2004-12-15 2008-06-10 Multi Service Corporation Sound transducer for solid surfaces
US10701490B2 (en) 2015-09-14 2020-06-30 Wing Acoustics Limited Audio transducers
US10244325B2 (en) 2015-09-14 2019-03-26 Wing Acoustics Limited Audio transducer and audio devices incorporating the same
US9800980B2 (en) 2015-09-14 2017-10-24 Wing Acoustics Limited Hinge systems for audio transducers and audio transducers or devices incorporating the same
US10887701B2 (en) 2015-09-14 2021-01-05 Wing Acoustics Limited Audio transducers
US11102582B2 (en) 2015-09-14 2021-08-24 Wing Acoustics Limited Audio transducers and devices incorporating the same
US11490205B2 (en) 2015-09-14 2022-11-01 Wing Acoustics Limited Audio transducers
US11716571B2 (en) 2015-09-14 2023-08-01 Wing Acoustics Limited Relating to audio transducers
US11968510B2 (en) 2015-09-14 2024-04-23 Wing Acoustics Limited Audio transducers
US12279102B2 (en) 2015-09-14 2025-04-15 Wing Acoustics Limited Audio transducers
US11166100B2 (en) 2017-03-15 2021-11-02 Wing Acoustics Limited Bass optimization for audio systems and devices
US11137803B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2021-10-05 Wing Acoustics Limited Slim electronic devices and audio transducers incorporated therein

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2109894A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-05-26
DE2148704B2 (de) 1973-09-13
AU3362471A (en) 1973-03-22
DE2148704A1 (de) 1972-04-06
GB1330750A (en) 1973-09-19
CA928997A (en) 1973-06-26
DE2148704C3 (de) 1974-04-04

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