US3707131A - Electroacoustic transducers of the bilaminar flexural vibrating type - Google Patents
Electroacoustic transducers of the bilaminar flexural vibrating type Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3707131A US3707131A US81842A US3707131DA US3707131A US 3707131 A US3707131 A US 3707131A US 81842 A US81842 A US 81842A US 3707131D A US3707131D A US 3707131DA US 3707131 A US3707131 A US 3707131A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- central
- frame member
- members
- vibratile
- spider
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
- H04R17/10—Resonant transducers, i.e. adapted to produce maximum output at a predetermined frequency
Definitions
- the mask is 211 App], 1,342 positioned so that only those portions of the vibrating bilaminar elements, which vibrate in phase, are exposed to the medium.
- an object of this invention is to design new andmore efficient, low-cost electroacoustic transducers utilizing a bilaminar plate operating at a fundamental free resonant mode.
- Another object of this invention is to combine a plurality of bilaminar plate, flexural-mode transducer elements, within a very simple spider-like frame structure.
- an object is to assemble the elements within a common housing having a plurality of flexural vibrating plate transducer elements, each operating in a different frequency region.
- a still further object of this invention is to accurately position the bilaminar plates within a spider-like frame structure having plate sections, which form parts of the bilaminar resonant structures.
- a further object of this invention is to provide an inexpensive housing structure which includes sound opaque masking elements that cover portions of the vibrating bilaminar resonating elements.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of one embodiment of the inventive transducer construction
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of a flat spider-like frame member containing a square center plate portion for supporting a piezoelectric transducer;
- FIG. 4 is a plan view of another embodiment of the inventive transducer including a unitary spider-like frame member containing two independent flexural transducer elements, operating at different resonant frequencies;
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 5-5of FIG. 4;
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of the flat spider-like frame member containing two independent square vibratile plate portions of different sizes, held together by thin connecting spoke-like members.
- the reference character 10 identifies aportion of a housing structure which might be fabricated from a molded plastic material, for example.
- a square or somewhat diamond-shaped portion 12 is connected, at its four corners, by spokelike members 13 extending to the main peripheral rim portion of the structure.
- a second, mating, cup-shaped portion of the housing structure 14 contains electrical terminals 15 and 16 which extend through its base, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
- a vibratile transducer element is contained within a spider-like frame member 17 which may be punched from a thin metallic sheet, for example.
- a square center plate portion 18 is connected by four spoke-like members 19 to the peripheral rim portion of the structure.
- Four holes are located in the periphery of the member 17 to enable an assembly of the housing portions 10 and 14.
- a first, thin square polarized piezoelectric ceramic plate 21 is rigidly bonded to one side of the central square plate portion 18 (FIG. 3).
- a second ceramic plate 22 is bonded to the opposite side of plate portion 18 (FIG. 2).
- Electrode surfaces 23 and 24 are formed on the outside surfaces of the ceramic plates 21 and 22. Electrical conductors 25 and 26 are connected between these electrodes and the terminals 15 and 16.
- the other electrode surfaces on the piezoelectric ceramics 21 and 22 (not seen in FIG. 2) are in common electrical contact with the metallic plate member 18.
- the polarization. of the ceramic plates is such that a conventional series electrical circuit is achieved by means of the wiring arrangement shown in FIG. 2.
- the complete transducer assembly is achieved by placing the assembled ceramic and frame member 17 between the housing portions 10 and 14 and securing the structure together. by means of four rivets 27.
- the assembly just described results in a very low manufacturing cost for a transducer having the same general characteristics as the transducer described in the copending parent application Ser. No. 17,430.
- the sound mask portion 12 covers those portions of the ceramic 21, 23 which are vibrating out-of-phase with respect to the vibrations of the uncovered portions of the ceramic.
- the uncovered portions of the ceramic cause a transmission of in-phase sonic energy. If the mask 12 were not present, much of the transducer energy would be dissipated by mutual cancellation of the out-ofphase vibrations.
- FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 A second embodiment of the transducer construction is illustrated in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6.
- the housing portion 31 (which may be molded plastic) contains two separate square or somewhat diamondshaped mask portions 32 and 33. These masks are interconnected by thin spoke-like members extending to the peripheral rim portion of the housing structure 31 (FIG. 4).
- a second cup-shaped housing portion 34 contains electrical terminals 35, 36 and 37, which extend through its bottom surface (FIG. 5).
- the vibratile transducer element assembly comprises a spider-like frame member 38 (FIG. 6) which contains two central square plate portions 39 and 40, connected by thin spoke-like members to the outer rim portion of the frame member.
- One face of the square plate portion 39 has a large polarized piezoelectric ceramic plate 41 bonded thereto.
- the face of the square plate member 40 has a small ceramic plate 42 bonded thereto (FIG. 5).
- split electrodes 43 and 44 are attached to the exposed surface of the large ceramic plate 41. Similar split electrodes 45 and 46 are attached to the exposed surface of the small ceramic plate 42. Each of the ceramic plates has another electrode (not shown) located on the face of the ceramic plate which is bonded to the metallic center plate portions 39 and 40. This electrode arrangement is one of several that might be used and is not necessarily a required part of this invention. A more complete description of the split electrode shown may be found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,128,532.
- Electrodes 43 and 46 are connected to the common terminal 36. It is, of course, obvious that the electrodes could be connected to separate terminals if a four terminal arrangementwere desired.
- I Lining the inside bottom surface of the housing member 34 is a layer of soft sound absorbing material 53 which prevents standing waves from occurring dur-' ing operation of the transducer.
- the transducer structure there is an assembly of two separate flexural vibrating elements mounted within a common low-cost housing structure.
- the resonant frequency of each of the vibratile transducer elements is determined by the width and thickness dimensions of the plate members 39 and 40 and the attached ceramic elements 41 and 42.
- the resonant frequencies of the two elements may be widely separated, if desired. Or, the two resonant frequencies may be adjusted to lie close to one another in order to achieve a broad band performance by overlapping the response characteristic of both units.
- the final assembly of the transducer (FIGS. 4, 5 and 6) is completed in the same manner as described above for the embodiment of FIG. 1.
- the housing portions 31 and 34 are assembled with the frame member 38 to receive the rivets mounting of a resonant square vibratile plate at its' nodal points. These point appear at the centers of the sides of the square bilaminar elements.,The thin spokelike strips offer negligible restraint to the vibrating freedom of the transducer element assembly since they are attached tothe nodal points of the square resonating bilaminar structure.
- the four corners of the square bilaminar elements vibrate together andin the same phase.
- the amplitudes of the four corners are in phase opposition to the center portion of the bilaminar square plate.
- the square or somewhat v diamond-shaped masks 12, 32 and 33 follow the shape of the nodal. lines on the surface of the vibratile plates.
- the diamond-shaped opaque portions of the housing structures l0 and 31 prevent the out-of-phase radiation from the center areas of the vibratile transducer elements from neutralizing the radiation from the four corners of the vibratile plates. 7
- An electroacoustic transducer of the flexural vibrating type comprising a single spider-like frame member including a peripheral rim portion and a central vibratile plate portion connected to said peripheral rim portion by a plurality of spoke-like members, two plates of piezoelectric material, one of said piezoelectric plates being bonded to each opposite surface of said central vibratile plate portion, a first housing member comprising a perforated lid portion surrounded by a peripheral rim portion, said perforated lid portion including a central plate portion and a plurality of spoke-like members connecting said central plate portion to said peripheral rim portion, a second and closed housing member including a'peripheral rim portion, means for mounting and capturing said single spider-like frame member between said peripheral rim portions of said first and second housing members, and means for securing together said two housing members and said single frame member into a unitary structure.
- An electroacoustic transducer of the flexural vibratile type comprising a spider-like frame member including a peripheral rim portion and a plurality of central vibratile plate portions connected to said peripheral rim portion by a plurality of spoke-like members, means comprising piezoelectric transducer material bonded to each of said central vibratile plate portions for generating sonic energy, a first housing member comprising a lid portion having open spaces surrounded by a peripheral rim portion, said lid portion including a plurality of central plate portions and a plurality of spoke-like members connecting said central plate portions to the said peripheral rim portion, a second housing member comprising a structure with a peripheral rim portion which mates with the peripheral rim portion of said first housing member, means for mounting said spider-like frame member between said first and said second housing members with said plurality of said central plate portions in said lid portion of said first housing member being located in axial alignment with said plurality of said central vibratile plate portions in said spider-like frame member.
- each of said plate portions in the lid portion of said housing member is approximately one half the area of the corresponding aligned vibratile plate portions contained within said spider-like frame member.
- An electroacoustic transducer of the flexural vibrating type comprising a first spltler-like frame member including a peripheral rim portion and a plurality of central vibratile plate portions connected to said peripheral rim portion by a plurality of spoke-like members, a second spider-like frame member including a peripheral rim portion and a plurality of central plate portions connected to said peripheral rim portion by a plurality of spoke-like members, and means for holding said first and said second frame members in fixed s d r 1 el li nme twith the c nte f each late p a itiim i a id ec ond fi ame memb r alig ned wit the center of each corresponding vibratile plate member in said first frame member.
Abstract
Description
Claims (20)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US8184270A | 1970-10-19 | 1970-10-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3707131A true US3707131A (en) | 1972-12-26 |
Family
ID=22166742
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US81842A Expired - Lifetime US3707131A (en) | 1970-10-19 | 1970-10-19 | Electroacoustic transducers of the bilaminar flexural vibrating type |
Country Status (1)
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US (1) | US3707131A (en) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3828210A (en) * | 1973-01-22 | 1974-08-06 | Motorola Inc | Temperature compensated mounting structure for coupled resonator crystals |
US4188612A (en) * | 1978-05-01 | 1980-02-12 | Teledyne Industries Inc. (Geotech Division) | Piezoelectric seismometer |
US4456848A (en) * | 1981-03-16 | 1984-06-26 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device |
US4638205A (en) * | 1980-05-06 | 1987-01-20 | Tdk Electronics Co., Ltd. | Piezo-electric transducer |
US5063372A (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1991-11-05 | Ranco Incorporated Of Delaware | Door ajar alarm for refrigeration unit |
US5070319A (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1991-12-03 | Ranco Incorporated Of Delaware | Door ajar alarm for refrigeration unit |
US5558298A (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 1996-09-24 | General Electric Company | Active noise control of aircraft engine discrete tonal noise |
US5584447A (en) * | 1994-12-19 | 1996-12-17 | General Electric Company | Noise control using a plate radiator and an acoustic resonator |
US20030034536A1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2003-02-20 | Bruel & Kjaer Sound & Vibration Measurement A/S | Micromachined capacitive electrical component |
WO2004108402A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-16 | Vladimir Ivanov | Electroceramic/variant device and method of use |
US20110121685A1 (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2011-05-26 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Piezoelectric Generator |
US9179219B2 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2015-11-03 | Airmar Technology Corporation | Widebeam acoustic transducer |
US20200389739A1 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-12-10 | uBeam Inc. | Piezoelectric transducer |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3370187A (en) * | 1965-04-30 | 1968-02-20 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Electromechanical apparatus |
-
1970
- 1970-10-19 US US81842A patent/US3707131A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3370187A (en) * | 1965-04-30 | 1968-02-20 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Electromechanical apparatus |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3828210A (en) * | 1973-01-22 | 1974-08-06 | Motorola Inc | Temperature compensated mounting structure for coupled resonator crystals |
US4188612A (en) * | 1978-05-01 | 1980-02-12 | Teledyne Industries Inc. (Geotech Division) | Piezoelectric seismometer |
US4638205A (en) * | 1980-05-06 | 1987-01-20 | Tdk Electronics Co., Ltd. | Piezo-electric transducer |
US4456848A (en) * | 1981-03-16 | 1984-06-26 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Ultrasonic transmitting and receiving device |
US5063372A (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1991-11-05 | Ranco Incorporated Of Delaware | Door ajar alarm for refrigeration unit |
US5070319A (en) * | 1990-06-22 | 1991-12-03 | Ranco Incorporated Of Delaware | Door ajar alarm for refrigeration unit |
US5558298A (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 1996-09-24 | General Electric Company | Active noise control of aircraft engine discrete tonal noise |
US5584447A (en) * | 1994-12-19 | 1996-12-17 | General Electric Company | Noise control using a plate radiator and an acoustic resonator |
US20030034536A1 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2003-02-20 | Bruel & Kjaer Sound & Vibration Measurement A/S | Micromachined capacitive electrical component |
US6812620B2 (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2004-11-02 | Bruel & Kjaer Sound & Vibration Measurement A/S | Micromachined capacitive electrical component |
WO2004108402A1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-16 | Vladimir Ivanov | Electroceramic/variant device and method of use |
US20110121685A1 (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2011-05-26 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Piezoelectric Generator |
US8058774B2 (en) * | 2008-07-14 | 2011-11-15 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Vibrating plate piezoelectric generator |
US9179219B2 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2015-11-03 | Airmar Technology Corporation | Widebeam acoustic transducer |
US20200389739A1 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2020-12-10 | uBeam Inc. | Piezoelectric transducer |
US11190881B2 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2021-11-30 | uBeam Inc. | Piezoelectric transducer |
US20220086568A1 (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2022-03-17 | uBeam Inc. | Piezoelectric transducer |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: DELLORFANO, FRED M. JR. Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:STONELEIGH TRUST, THE;REEL/FRAME:005397/0016 Effective date: 19841223 Owner name: TRUSTEES FOR AND ON BEHALF OF THE D.P. MASSA TRUST Free format text: ASSIGN TO TRUSTEES AS EQUAL TENANTS IN COMMON, THE ENTIRE INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:MASSA, DONALD P.;MASSA, CONSTANCE A.;MASSA, GEORGIANA M.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:005395/0942 Effective date: 19841223 Owner name: MASSA PRODUCTS CORPORATION, 280 LINCOLN STREET, HI Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:DONALD P. MASSA TRUST;CONSTANCE ANN MASSA TRUST;ROBERT MASSA TRUST;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:005395/0971 Effective date: 19860612 Owner name: MASSA, DONALD P., COHASSET, MA Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:STONELEIGH TRUST, THE;REEL/FRAME:005397/0016 Effective date: 19841223 Owner name: MASSA PRODUCTS CORPORATION, 80 LINCOLN STREET, HIN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:DONALD P. MASSA TRUST;CONSTANCE ANN MASSA TRUST *;GEORGIANA M. MASSA TRUST;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:005395/0954 Effective date: 19841223 |