US3756926A - Method of preparing tin free chromium coated steel - Google Patents
Method of preparing tin free chromium coated steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3756926A US3756926A US00231747A US3756926DA US3756926A US 3756926 A US3756926 A US 3756926A US 00231747 A US00231747 A US 00231747A US 3756926D A US3756926D A US 3756926DA US 3756926 A US3756926 A US 3756926A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- strip
- steel
- chromium
- rolling
- cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 39
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 39
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 12
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- -1 alkaline earth metal sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- FLVIGYVXZHLUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-diethylthiourea Chemical compound CCNC(=S)NCC FLVIGYVXZHLUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005029 tin-free steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M bisulphate group Chemical group S([O-])(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003567 thiocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- CNJLMVZFWLNOEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-5-one Chemical compound O=C1C(C)CCC2C(C)(C)C12 CNJLMVZFWLNOEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UYJXRRSPUVSSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium sulfide Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[S-2] UYJXRRSPUVSSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940047662 ammonium xylenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014171 carbonated beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3] UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;dioxido-oxo-sulfanylidene-$l^{6}-sulfane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S FGRVOLIFQGXPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UHWHMHPXHWHWPX-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;oxalate;oxotitanium(2+) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Ti+2]=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O UHWHMHPXHWHWPX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HESSGHHCXGBPAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3,5,6-trihydroxy-1-oxo-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyhexan-2-yl]acetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NC(C=O)C(O)C(C(O)CO)OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O HESSGHHCXGBPAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYNVYLAZKQQFLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2,3,4-tetrol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C(O)=C21 PYNVYLAZKQQFLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940048842 sodium xylenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BCMKHWMDTMUUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydroxynaphthalene Natural products OC1=CC(O)=CC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C21 BCMKHWMDTMUUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
Definitions
- the defects which are unique to batch-annealed material, are believed to be caused by a trace amount of carbonaceous material that clings to or is associated with the surface of the strip, resists all efforts to remove it by cleaning and pickling procedures used in the mills, and is converted to graphitic material during the batch annealing process.
- obtaining defect free surfaces on tin-free steel strip which is ultimately coated with a finish of chromium metal and chromium oxide is ensured by treating the steel strip, prior to the batch annealing operation, with a minor amount of a substance that is capable of reacting with carbonaceous material on the strip during the batch annealing cycle to convert the carbonaceous material to volatile by-products, believed to be caron disulfide and/or carbon monoxide.
- step No. 4 temper rolling or further cold reducing the strip to about 0.006 inch followed by cleaning essentially as in step No. 4, pickling, usually in dilute sulfuric acid, water-rinsing;
- the metallic chromium coating applied in step 8 will be on the order of about 5-8 mg. per sq. ft. of surface and the chromium oxide film on the order of about 14 mg./ft.
- the chromium and chromium oxide coatings may be applied to the steel strip by conventional techniques such as those described in the article by G. G. Kamm, A. R. Willey and N. J. Linde, Surface and Corrosion Characteristics of Tin-Free Steel-Chromium Type for Beverage Containers, J. Electrochem. Soc.: Electrochemical Technology, pp. 1299-1305, September 1969.
- the active substances present in the aqueous, dilute, preanneal rinse employed in step No. 5 referred to above are generally used in concentrations of from about to about 2500 ppm. of the aqueous medium, preferably about 500 to about 1000 p.p.m.
- the operable substances are of two groups, both, however, within the general class of those compounds which may react with carbonaceous material on the strip steel under batch annealing conditions to form volatile products.
- the first group embodies sulfur-containing compounds which may react with the carbonaceous material to yield carbon disulfide.
- Such compounds are sulfur and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal sulfates, bisulfates, snlfites, bisulfites, thiocyanates, dithionates, thiosulfates, sulfides and polysulfides, organic sulfides, disulfides, thioethers, sulfoxides, sulfones, sulfate esters and sulfonates.
- Preferred materials from these classes are colloidal sulfur, ammonium sulfide, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, ammonium xylene sulfonate, sodium sulfide, thiourea, diethylthiourea, potassium sulfate and potassium thiosulfate.
- the second group embodies compounds which may react with the carbonaceous material to yield carbon monoxide during the annealing. Representative of such compounds are the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal oxides and hydroxides and salts that decompose at the temperatures of the batch annealing to form said alkali metal and alkaline earth metal oxides.
- Preferred materials from these classes are calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, potassium titanium oxalate, potassium permanganate, sodium nitrite, sodium borate and sodium bicarbonate.
- the annealing chamber containing the panel bundle is charged to an annealing furnace and subjected to the T-l batch annealing cycle (essentially 10 hours at 1185 F. to 1230" F., requiring about three hours to reach said temperatures, and followed by about a twelve hour cooling cycle) under a protective gas atmosphere consisting of hydrogen and 95% nitrogen.
- the panels are coated with a layer of chromium metal (5-8 ing/ft. equivalent to 0.30.5;/. inches) by conventional electro-coating in a typical chromium metal plating solution (M & T Unichrome chrome plating bath) and with a film of chromium oxide (1-4 mg./ft.
- TFS-CT coated control panels are usually rejected because of staining, and adhesion of the coating is poor when subjected to the Scotch tape test.
- TFS-CT coated panels treated according to the invention with special pre-anneal rinse materials are uniform in appearance, without flawed surfaces, and the coatings demonstrate good adhesion.
- a process for preparing chromium-coated steel strip free of surface defects which comprises treating steel according to the following sequence of steps:
- step (g) temper rolling or further cold reducing the steel strip, cleaning as in step (d), pickling, water-rinsing;
- step (e) concentration of the substance in the aqueous medium of step (e) is from about 500 to about 1000 ppm.
- a process for preparing chromium-coated steel strip free of surface defects which comprises treating steel according to the following sequence of steps:
- step (g) temper rolling or further cold reducing the steel strip, cleaning as in step (d), pickling, water-rinsing;
- step (e) 4. The process according to claim 3 wherein the concentration of the material in the aqueous medium of step (e) is from about 500 to about 1000 p.p.m.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US23174772A | 1972-03-03 | 1972-03-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3756926A true US3756926A (en) | 1973-09-04 |
Family
ID=22870502
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00231747A Expired - Lifetime US3756926A (en) | 1972-03-03 | 1972-03-03 | Method of preparing tin free chromium coated steel |
Country Status (13)
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4255239A (en) * | 1974-06-05 | 1981-03-10 | Hoogovens Ijmuiden Bv | Method for making tinned steel plate free from surface graphite |
| US4432845A (en) * | 1982-07-20 | 1984-02-21 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Method of producing tin-free steel sheets having improved resistance to retorting treatment |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE856402A (fr) | 1977-07-01 | 1978-01-02 | Centre Rech Metallurgique | Procede pour ameliorer la proprete de surface de la tole d'acier |
| EP0085771B1 (en) * | 1982-02-09 | 1988-04-20 | International Business Machines Corporation | Electrodeposition of chromium and its alloys |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1365368A (fr) * | 1962-05-09 | 1964-07-03 | Yawata Iron & Steel Co | Procédé pour produire des tôles d'acier avec traitement de surface anti-corrosif |
| US3567599A (en) * | 1967-06-21 | 1971-03-02 | Inland Steel Co | Electrochemical treatment of ferrous metal |
| US3632487A (en) * | 1969-09-30 | 1972-01-04 | Pennwalt Corp | Method of preparing tinplate |
-
0
- BE BE794277D patent/BE794277A/xx unknown
-
1972
- 1972-03-03 US US00231747A patent/US3756926A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1973
- 1973-01-03 ZA ZA730038A patent/ZA7338B/xx unknown
- 1973-01-04 CA CA160,536A patent/CA991583A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-01-12 IT IT47660/73A patent/IT976864B/it active
- 1973-01-15 FR FR7301287A patent/FR2174834B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-01-26 NL NL7301141A patent/NL7301141A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1973-02-05 GB GB565273A patent/GB1415394A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-06 BR BR73893A patent/BR7300893D0/pt unknown
- 1973-02-09 JP JP48015792A patent/JPS48103428A/ja active Pending
- 1973-02-12 AU AU52070/73A patent/AU466783B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-28 AR AR246860A patent/AR196911A1/es active
- 1973-03-02 DE DE19732310565 patent/DE2310565A1/de active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4255239A (en) * | 1974-06-05 | 1981-03-10 | Hoogovens Ijmuiden Bv | Method for making tinned steel plate free from surface graphite |
| US4432845A (en) * | 1982-07-20 | 1984-02-21 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Method of producing tin-free steel sheets having improved resistance to retorting treatment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2174834A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-10-19 |
| FR2174834B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1979-01-12 |
| AR196911A1 (es) | 1974-02-28 |
| GB1415394A (en) | 1975-11-26 |
| JPS48103428A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-12-25 |
| BE794277A (fr) | 1973-05-16 |
| DE2310565A1 (de) | 1973-09-06 |
| NL7301141A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-09-06 |
| IT976864B (it) | 1974-09-10 |
| CA991583A (en) | 1976-06-22 |
| AU5207073A (en) | 1974-08-15 |
| AU466783B2 (en) | 1975-11-06 |
| BR7300893D0 (pt) | 1974-05-16 |
| ZA7338B (en) | 1974-04-24 |
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