Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06Q—DECORATING TEXTILES
  • D06Q1/00—Decorating textiles
  • D06Q1/02—Producing patterns by locally destroying or modifying the fibres of a web by chemical actions, e.g. making translucent
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/0004—General aspects of dyeing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/0004—General aspects of dyeing
  • D06P1/0016—Dye baths containing a dyeing agent in a special form such as for instance in melted or solid form, as a floating film or gel, spray or aerosol, or atomised dyes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/46—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing natural macromolecular substances or derivatives thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/52—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing synthetic macromolecular substances
  • D06P1/5207—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06P1/5214—Polymers of unsaturated compounds containing no COOH groups or functional derivatives thereof
  • D06P1/5228—Polyalkenyl alcohols, e.g. PVA
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
  • D06P3/52—Polyesters
  • D06P3/54—Polyesters using dispersed dyestuffs
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
  • Y10S8/922—Polyester fiber

Definitions

• This invention relates to processes for making textile materials exhibiting a randomly distributed coloration. More particularly, the invention relates to processes for making randomly colored textile materials comprising applying water-soluble coloring materials containing a colorant, for example, a dye or pigment, to the textile materials and effecting migration of the colorant from the water-soluble materials to the textile materials by heating the treated textile material while in a wet state.
• a colorant for example, a dye or pigment
• the phrase randomly distributed coloration of textile materials is intended to encompass textile materials exhibiting a speckled, mottled or sprinkled coloration generally, although not necessarily, involving multiple colors. In all instances, however, the coloration is randomly distributed throughout the textile material.
• textile materials in the form of yarns or fabrics have been manufactured by blending or doubling at least two differently colored fibers.
• the color tone of the resulting textile materials has been found to undergo undesirable changes when said textile materials are rubbed and one of the colored fibers comprising the textile materials falls out. The problem is most acute when natural fibers and synthetic fibers are differently colored and are blended.
• Another object of this invention is to provide methods for effecting randomly distributed coloration of textiles with deep and sharp color definition. Another object of this invention is to provide methods for effecting random coloration of textile materials, for example, yarns, woven fabrics or non-woven fabrics.
• Still another object of the invention is to provide methods for effecting random coloration of textiles with a multi-color effect.
• Yet another object of the invention is to provide an improved method of random coloration which comprises applying a water-soluble coloring material containing a colorant to a textile material and migrating the colorant from the water-soluble material to the textile material.
• a further object of the invention is to provide an improved method of random multiple coloration, in which each colorant is easily applied to textiles and the color effect is easily controlled.
• the present invention provides a process for effecting randomly distributed coloration of textile materials comprising applying to textile materials at least one water soluble coloring material comprising a water soluble polymer containing a colorant which exhibits greater affinity for the textile material than for said polymer and is capable of coloring said textile material; heating the resulting textile material while in a wet state to effect migration of the colorant from the water soluble coloring material to the textile material with the resultant random coloration of said textile material, and thereafter removing the water soluble portion of said coloring material from the textile material.
• the colorant included in the water-soluble material is capable of migrating from the water-soluble material to the waterinsoluble textile material to which said water-soluble material containing the colorant, for example a dye or pigment, is applied. Migration is effected when the treated textile material is heated while still in a wet state and said water-soluble material is swelling. It has been found that said migration occurs easily when water-soluble materials, in the form of chips, scales, granules or fibrous materials are used.
• Thewater-soluble coloring materials employed in the present invention are formed from water-soluble polymers, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl alcohol derivatives, sodium alginate, starch, sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, acetylized starch, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium salt of carboxymethyl starch and the like.
• the water-soluble coloring materials can be used in the form of chips, scales, granules or fibrous materials, for example, short-cut fibers, staples, continuous filaments. Especially preferred water-soluble coloring materials are in'the form of fibrous materials.
• the water-soluble coloring materials in the form of filaments can be manufactured by conventional techniques employed for fiber making.
• a preferred method comprises preparing an aqueous solution of a water-soluble polymer as an aqueous spinning solution, extruding the spinning solution into a coagulating bath or dry air, preferably hot air, through a spinning nozzle and drawing and/or heat-treating the extruded filaments, if desired.
• Another method of making the water-soluble coloring materials in fibrous form comprises extruding an aqueous solution of a water-soluble polymeritthrough a slit for forming a film, coagulating, drawing and/or heat-treating and thereafter cutting, slitting or splitting the film to obtain flat tapes, scales or split fibers.
• the temperature at which the fibrous coloring materials will dissolve or swell in water can be easily controlled by variations of the draw-ratio of the coagulated materials, the temperature of heat-treatment or the treating times.
• the dissolving temperature of the water-soluble materials can be also varied in accordance with the properties of the colorants or textile materials employed.
• the water-soluble fibrous coloring materials obtained by the above methods are advantageously applied by blending or doubling with other textile materials, for example, staple fibers, filaments, webs, slivers, tows, threads. Furthermore, these fibrous materials can be cut, if desired, to prepare the watersoluble coloring materials in the form of short-cut fibers I or powders.
• water-soluble coloring materials it is possible to change the form or size of the water-soluble coloring materials by varying the form or size of the extrusion die or spinneret employed.
• An especially preferred polymer for use as the water-soluble coloring material in accordance with the present invention is polyvinyl alcohol. Said polymer can be easily formed into filaments or films and the dissolving temperature of the resulting materials can be easily controlled.
• the water-soluble materials can be obtained by cutting or reducing sheets, films or blocks of the water-soluble coloring materials.
• the water-soluble coloring materials obtained in said method can be obtained in the form of chips, scales, granules or powders. In this case, since the size of the materials thus obtained is irregular, varied color effects can be obtained. However, it is not easy to control the state or extent of the dissolving or swelling of these water-soluble materials in water. Therefore, it is considered advantageous for the water-soluble coloring materials to be made by the fiber or film-forming processes.
• the colorants can be incorporated in the water-soluble materials to form the water-soluble coloring materials by various methods.
• the colorants can be mixed in the above-mentioned aqueous solution of the watersoluble polymers by either dissolving or dispersing said colorants therein prior to extrusion.
• dying auxiliaries such as wetting or dispersing agents can also be employed.
• the water-soluble coloring materials containing the colorant can be obtained by applying the colorant to the water-soluble materials, for example, by coating or impregnating the fibrous water-soluble material with a solution or dispersion of the colorant.
• the water-soluble coloring materials which are obtained by extruding an aqueous solution of water-soluble polymers admixed with the colorant is especially preferred for deeply and sharply coloring the textiles.
• the colorants employed in the present invention must have an affinity for the textile materials only; colorants having affinity for the water-soluble polymers forming the coloring materials cannot be used. If the colorant interacts in some manner with the water-soluble polymers, it is diflicult to produce said coloring materials and the colorant will not migrate from the water-soluble materials to the textile. Therefore, for example, combinations such as the sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose containing primary hydroxyl groups or sodium alginate and reactive dyestuffs cannot be employed.
• the colorant content in the water-soluble coloring ma terial is at least 3% by weight, and preferably more than 5% by weight for deep and sharp coloring. Said colorant content is higher than the content of the colorant generally added to the spinning solution for manufacturing dope-dyed fibers.
• the water-soluble coloring materials can be applied to the textile materials by the following methods:
• One method comprises blending or doubling and twisting the fibrous coloring materials with textile materials, for example, in the form of staple fibers, filaments, yarns, tows, slivers or webs.
• This method can be conducted in a conventional manner, for example, mixing, spinning, doubling and twisting or wrapping.
• the fibrous coloring materials impart an interesting coloration to textiles.
• thermoplastic yarns blended with the fibrous coloring materials can be crimped to obtain randomly colored textured yarn by using conventional means such as false-twisting.
• the content of the coloring materials in the textured yarn is preferably less than 40 wt. percent, especially 1 to 30 wt. percent, for imparting sharp coloration to the yams.
• coloring materials can be employed, for example, dipping the textile materials into a dispersion or solution of the coloring materials or spraying or coating the textile materials with a dispersion or solution of the coloring materials or spraying or coating the textile materials with a dispersion or solution of the coloring materials.
• the coloring material is preferably in a finely divided state, for example, scales, chips, granules, powders or short cut fibers.
• These materials can be dispersed in water alone by conventional means. These coloring materials, however, must not dissolve in the water before being fixed to the textile materials. Therefore, when employing the above-mentioned method, the coloring materials employed must have a dissolving temperature higher than the temperature of the water used in the dispersion. For example, when the coloring materials are dispersed in water at room temperature, said materials must have a dissolving temperature of about 40 C. to C. or higher. Under these conditions, the water-soluble materials in the dispersion swell without dissolving out in the water. In this form, the dispersion is quite cohesive to textile materials and when the textile materials are treated by the dispersion, the coloring materials can be easily fixed to the surface of the textile materials.
• Another method for applying the coloring materials to the textile materials can be conducted by adhering the coloring materials to the surface of the textile materials, for example, by conventional static flocking means or by coating or printing the mixture of the coloring materials or the dispersion of said materials and other water-soluble adhesives onto the textile materials.
• water-soluble materials can be applied by blending or mixing in the webs for non-woven fabrics as the textile materials.
• the resulting textile material After the water-soluble coloring material has been applied to the textile materialfthe resulting textile material, while in a wet state, is heated to swell the water-soluble materials and effect migration of the colorant from the coloring materials to the textile materials.
• This heat-treatment can be generally conducted by such conventional means as by steaming such as with raw steam, high pressure steam or superheated steam.
• steaming such as with raw steam, high pressure steam or superheated steam.
• the textile materials in the form of yarns, tows, slivers and the like are preferably treated in the form of wound layers, for example, in the form of a cheese or cone.
• the treated textile materials can be dampened and thereafter heated.
• the treated textiles can be directly heated Withpolymerization: 1700) and Sumikaron Red FB (C.I. Disout drying.
• the heat-treatment must be conducted at a perse Red 60) which was dialyzed for one day by using sufficiently high temperature to cause swelling of the parchment paper, at a weight ratio of 100:15, and therecoloring material and migration of the colorant from the after adding water to the mixture to obtain a weight ratio water-soluble material to the textile materials.
• Watenspinning solution 60:40.
• Filaments were Effective temperatures for causing migration of the formed from said spinning solution by extruding said solucolorant and coloring the textile commence at the least tion into hot air at 110 C. and drawing said filaments in 100 C., and preferably at at least 120 C. a ratio of 1:40 at 150 C. in a heated air zone.
• the size Employing the above processes, textile materials are of the filaments obtained by the above-described method given a deep and sharply defined random in coloration. was about 20 deniers and said filaments exhibited a dis- Upon completion of the above-described heat-treatsolving temperature of 70 C.
• said colored textile materials are treated with an
• the resulting colored filaments were employed as wateraqueous solution maintained at a temperature higher than soluble coloring materials and were doubled and twisted the dissolving temperature of the water-soluble coloring in 70 turns per meter with a textured yarn of polyester materials for removing the water-soluble portions thereof 5 n s (U d nd up in the shape of a remaining on the surface of the textiles. It is desirable to cone.
• the textured yarns obtained by this method exhibited a colorant to the textile materials by using the water-soluble f lf distributed color effect in red with excellent materials as a coloring medium.
• Whlte reslstance- The textile materials obtained in accordance with the EXAMPLE 2 Present invention exhibit p and Sharp omly dis- Water-soluble filaments A to D containing a colorant tributed coloration.
• the randomly distributed coloration were produced by using polyvinyl alc h l (PVA as a effect of the textile materials can be easily changed by starting material under the conditions shown in Table I.
• Glauber salt A solution of Glauber salt is used as coagulating bath.
• each filament s d bl d d twisted with materials containing the colorant. yarn and further treated as shown .in Table II.
• EXAMPLE 3 Three coloring materials were produced in accordance with' the method for making sample A in Example 2, by using each of Sumikaron Red FB, Sumikaron Yellow and Sumikaron Blue GG (Anon).
• the three coloring materials were respectively applied to nylon filament yarn and colored by the same method employed in Example 2.
• the resulting yarns exhibited randomly distributed coloration in a combination of red, yellow, blue and white.
• EXAMPLE 4 The coloring material obtained by the method of Example 1 was twisted in 150 turns per meter with a polyester spun yarn colored in blue by using Resolin Blue FBL (C.I. Disperse Blue 5 6). The twisted yarns were knitted into a fabric. Thereafter, said knitted fabric was treated by means of steaming at 120 C. for 30 minutes and then was dipped in water at 100 C. for a period of 5 minutes to remove the water-soluble portion of the coloring materials. Thereafter, the resulting fabric was soaped, rinsed and dried.
• Resolin Blue FBL C.I. Disperse Blue 5 6
• the resulting fabric exhibited randomly distributed coloration in blue and violet and the color effect shows a shot effect.
• EXAMPLE 5 Three coloring materials of the type employed in Example 3 were cut in lengths of mm. and blended with polyester fibers (3 deniers, length of 38 mm.). A mixed spun yarn of said coloring materials and polyester fiber was produced by conventional means. The yarn was treated by means of steaming at 130 C. for 30 minutes and the water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol portion of said coloring materials were sufficiently removed by treatment with hot water.
• the resulting spun yarn exhibited a randomly distributed multi-colored effect in red, blue and yellow.
• EXAMPLE 6 Water-soluble coloring materials E and F were produced in filament form under the conditions shown in Table IV.
• EXAMPLE 8 A film was formed by extruding an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol containing Sumikaron Yellow into a coagulating bath containing Glaubers salt at 80 C. and drawing said film at a draw ratio of 5.5 at C. The resulting film had a thickness of 0.13 mm. and its dissolving temperature was 85 C. The film was cut in lengths of 5 to 10 mm. and in widths of 0.2 to 3 mm. to make the coloring materials.
• Chips were produced by pulverizing a block of polyvinyl alcohol containing Surnikaron Red PB.
• the block was formed by vacuum drying an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol.
• the size of the chips was 3 mm. and their dissolving temperature was 80 C.
• the chips were dispersed in water containing Duck-Algin NSPL (produced by Kamogawa Kagaku Co., Ltd.; thickener) to form an 8% by weight dispersion of said chips and said dispersion of coloring materials was used as a thickener.
• Polyester fabric was printed with said thickener. Thereafter the printed fabric was steamed at C., for 30 minutes and dipped in hot water to dissolve off the polyvinyl alcohol and thickener.
• the resulting fabric exhibited randomly distributed coloration on the printed parts.
• Process for effecting randomly distributed coloration of textile materials comprising blending filaments of a water-insoluble textile material with filaments of at least one water-soluble polymer containing at least 3% by weight of a colorant which is non-reactive with the water soluble polymer and which exhibits greater aifinity for the textile material than for said polymer and is capable of coloring said textile material, to form a yarn, heating the resulting yarn in a water wet state to effect limited migration of the colorant from the water-soluble polymer to the textile material with resultant random coloration of said textile material, and thereafter removing the water soluble polymer.
• filaments of water-insoluble textile material and water soluble polymer are fibers, staples, continuous filaments or mixtures thereof.
• the water soluble coloring material comprises polyvinyl alcohol and a colorant.
• DONALD IEVY Primary Examiner 'U.S. Cl. XR.
• Claim 6, line 3, silver should be sliver.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=12471943

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (5)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1970
  • 1970-04-28 JP JP45036515A patent/JPS4830992B1/ja active Pending
• 1971
  • 1971-04-23 GB GB1113671*[A patent/GB1342632A/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-04-26 FR FR717114774A patent/FR2086412B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1971-04-27 US US00137956A patent/US3756770A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1971-04-27 DE DE2120692A patent/DE2120692C3/de not_active Expired

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