US3755991A - Collector electrode for electrostatic precipitator - Google Patents

Collector electrode for electrostatic precipitator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3755991A
US3755991A US3755991DA US3755991A US 3755991 A US3755991 A US 3755991A US 3755991D A US3755991D A US 3755991DA US 3755991 A US3755991 A US 3755991A
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limb
strips
central portion
plane
trapezoid
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English (en)
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W Steuernagel
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GEA Group AG
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Metallgesellschaft AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/47—Collecting-electrodes flat, e.g. plates, discs, gratings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrostatic .precipitator and, more particularly, to collector-electrode arrangements for electrostatic precipitators.
  • an electrostatic precipitato rcomprises an electrode system including corona-discharge electrodes and collector electrodes, means for inducing a gas flow through the precipitator and along the electrode system, means for removing precipitated particles, etc.
  • the corona discharge generated at the discharge electrodes ionizes a gas stream containing particles which generally cannot be removed efficiently by filtering, sedimentation and like methods, the particles picking up electric charge from the ions of the gas stream. The particles are attracted to, and tend to accumulate upon, the collector electrodes to which they adhere by electrostatic forces.
  • any improvements in the shape of the electrodes, and simplification of manufacture and installation may be significant in reducing the costs involved in construction, maintenance and repair of existing installations and the capital cost of new gas-purifying systems.
  • collector electrodes To stiffen the collector electrodes and prevent such membranous damping of the rapping or vibrational energy, the collector electrodes are provided with a profiled configuration, i.e., are deformed to have channels, crests, corrugations or beads which stiffen the otherwise flat central portion.
  • High vibratability and minimum damping of a collector electrode strip is not, however, sufficient to insure high-collecting power or efficiency because the rapping of the electrode may result in the formation of a dust cloud or agitation of the dust such that part of the dust may be entrained with the gas to reduce the efficacyof the system.
  • the latter are rapped or jolted, as previously noted, and may be provided with a rapping rod along the bottoms of the electrodes.
  • the latter For efficient removal of dust from the collector electrodes,.the latter must be strips which are stiff and easily vibratable so that the vibrational energy applied by the rap is distributed throughout the collector electrode with minimum damping.
  • the problem of vibrational damping derives from the fact that a thin sheet-metal member, engaged at two edges, constitutes a membrane capable of internal deformation. To the extent that the rapping energy is converted into such membranous deformation, the force is lost as a dust-shedding energy.
  • the low-flow zones may be formed by chambers produced by deformation of the sheet-metal electrodes and constitute dust-receiving chambers to facilitate removal of the dust.
  • the profile of the electrodes from such chambers of course, further stiffens the electrode strips.
  • Adjacent collector-electrode strips are often locked together in tight hook joints as may be made, for example, in thesheet-metal art, by clamping two hook portions in interfitting relationship together, may be joined by welding or rivetting or may be connected in some other rigid manner so that the resulting collector electrode array is continuous in the sense that no openings are provided therein and the array is as stiff as possible.
  • a close spacing of the collector electrodes has the disadvantage that a strictly straight or aligned arrangement of the electrodes cannot be made in practice because any deviation in dimensions of the electrodes from one another will result in bends and distortion of the array.
  • Manufacturing tolerances for collector electrode strips must be made high in spite of the fact that these strips may have lengths of about 12 meters, thereby considerably adding to the cost of production.
  • hook-type joints as tight as possible, in spite of welding or rivetting of the joints, and in spite of conventional efforts known to applicant to prevent transverse movement of gas from a channel on one side of a collector plate to a channel on the other, such transverse flow appears to occur through gaps between the strips which cannot be avoided at low cost.
  • the transverse flow advantageously affects dust collection, may
  • a strip-shaped collector electrode i.e., a collector electrode of sheetmetal having a thickness of l to 1.5 mm and a height in excess of its width, which has a generally flat or planar central portion and trapezoidal longitudinal edge portions, i.e., edge portions unitarily and integrally deformed and profiled along the length'of the strip to have a trapezoidal crosssection and at least one free leg forming part of the trapezoid.
  • the leg is formed with an outwardly bent flange or foot so that, when the collector strips are deposited in substantially contiguous relationship, i.e., side by side in a common plane, the legs of adjoining trapezoids reach toward the other and forman overlap with an air gap between them.
  • the air gap thus constitutes a labyrinth seal.
  • the longitudinal edge portions of the collector electrodes thus define low-flow trapezoidal receiving chambers through which the collecting dust can be discharged through bins without disturbances which will cause reentrainment of the dust with the gas stream.
  • each strip is, as has been noted, generally flat and may be provided with longitudinally extending stiffening beads, corrugations or channels.
  • the entire electrode strip moreover, is of constant wall thickness and the electrode strip is symmetrical in a plane parallel to the longitudinal edges of the strip and through the center thereof.
  • beads or troughs formed in the flat central portion may likewise be of generally trapezoidal cross-section and the entire arrangement is designed so that the trapezoidal edge chambers and the stiffening channels open at one face of the electrode strip while the ridges or crests associated with the trapezoidal chambers and of the channels project from the opposite face of the strip.
  • the result is a collector electrode having excellent utilization of material which can be stacked easily and shipped utilizing only a small space and which can be oriented with respect to the adjacent electrode strips such that the adjoining strips are rotated through 180 with respect to one another. In other words each electrode appears as if it had been rotated through 180 about the axis formed by the intersections of the symmetry plane and the central-portion plane, relative to the adjoining electrodes.
  • the trapezoidal chambers moreover have been found to increase the collecting power of the individual electrodes.
  • the electrodes are secured in the conventional manner to an upper carrying structure and at the lower ends are securely bolted, welded or riveted to a guide which serves also as a rapping rod.
  • This manner of connection insures effective transmission of the vibrational energy which is applied by the rap to the individual strips.
  • FIG. 1 isa transverse cross-sectional viewthrough a collector electrode strip according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a transverse cross-sectional view, partly in diagrammatic form, showing the relationship of two collector electrode arrays with other elements of an electrostatic precipitator;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary elevational view of the lower edge of the array.
  • FIG. 4 is a detail view illustrating the labyrinth seal according to the present invention.
  • Each collector-electrode strip 1 comprises a. flat central portion 2 lying generally along an electrode plane P which is perpendicualr to a transverse plane of symmetry P which intersects the plane P at an axis A.
  • I provide trapezoidal profiles 4, each of which defines within the interior of its channel, a receiving chamber 4.
  • each trapezoid has a laterally and outwardly bent flange 6 which, as can be seen in'FIG; 4, overlaps the leg of an adjoining strip to define an air gap 7 which constitutes a labyrinth seal.
  • the central portion 2 of the electrode strip is provided at spacedapart locations with longitudinally extending parallel heads 3, here shown to be formed by the corrugations, recesses or troughs deformed from the sheet material so that the entire strip is of constant wall thickness 2.
  • the depth d of recess 3 or trough (which is of trapezoidal configuration) is generally equal to l to 1.5 mm or greater and is approximately equal to 2 or 3 times the thickness of the electrode strip while the transverse width w of the channel 3 may be appropriately 7 to 20 times the thickness t.
  • the depth S of each collecting or receiving chamber 4' may range between l5: and 25: while the width W of the chamber at its maximum is likewise between 5: and 20!.
  • the leg 5 extends to a distance s between 2! and beyond the plane P and is formed with the flange or foot which may have a width p of 2! to
  • the foot or flange 6 includes an angle y between 75 and 105, preferably 90, with the leg 5 which, in turn, lies at an obtuse angle B of approximately 95 to 120, preferably about 105, to the plane P.
  • the angle a between this plane and the inner limb of the trapezoid 4 may likewise range between 95 and 120 and is preferably about 105.
  • the beads 3 may be spaced apart by distances L of to 90: and a similar distance may be provided at L between each of the outermost beads and the chambers 4.
  • FIG. 2 in which an electrostatic precipitator is shown in diagrammatic form, it will be apparent that the adjoining plates 1 are rotated relative to one another about the axis A through 180 and thus form arrays of plates as represented at 10 and 11, respectively.
  • Two arrays of plates form a channel 12 through which dust-laden air is induced to flow as represented by the blower l3.
  • Corona-discharge electrodes 14 may be located in the space between the arrays of electrode strips and a jolting arrangement may be provided as represented by the motor 15 and hammer 16 and the rapping rod or anvil 17.
  • a high-voltage source is connected to the electrode systems as represented at 18.
  • a rapper 19 has also been illustrated in FIG. 3 to engage the guide or rapping rod shown at 20.
  • Rivets 21 attach the lower edges of the strips 1 to this rod.
  • the rapping devices of FIGS. 2 and 3, the blower of FIG. 2 and the electrostatic precipitator housing H thereof have been illustrated diagrammatically, but it should be noted that such structures are conventional in the art and that any convention arrangement for the specified functions may be used with the novel electrode system of the present invention.
  • a specific electrostatic dust collector with a rapping arrangement for the collecting electrode is disclosed, for example, in MARKS MECHANICAL ENGINEERS HAND- BOOK, McGraw-Hill Book Co., N.Y., 1958, Chapter 9, pages 17 ff and Chapter 7, pages 61 ff.
  • An electrostatic precipitator comprising an array of corona-discharge electrodes, a pair of spacedly juxtaposed collector electrodes flanking said coronadischarge electrode, and rapping means for jolting said collector electrodes, each of said collector electrodes comprising a plurality of substantially identical sheetmetal strips disposed generally along a common plane in substantially adjacent but spaced-apart relation, said rapping means including a rap bar common to all of the strips of a respective collector electrode disposed along a common plane and secured to said strips, said strips being of a uniform wall thickness of substantially 1 to 1.5 mm and each comprising a generally flat central portion lying in the respective plane and stiffened with longitudinally extending transversely spaced parallel beads projecting along one face of the strip and forming troughs open along the opposite face thereof, and respective longitudinal edge portions having generally the cross-sectional configuration of a trapezoid open at its broad base flanking said central portion, each of said edge portions including a first limb defining a leg of the trapezo
  • a collector electrode for an electrostatic precipitator comprising at least two substantially adjacent but spaced-apart sheet-metal strips, each of said strips including a generally flat central portion lying in a plane of said electrode and provided along its edges with respective longitudinal edge portions having generally the cross-sectional configuration of a trapezoid open at its broad base, each of said edge portions including a first limb defining a leg of the trapezoid including an obtuse angle with the respective central portion ranging between substantially and a second limb on an end of said first limb and extending parallel to the planeof the respective central portion while forming the small base of the trapezoid, a third limb connected to said second limb and including an obtuse angle therewith of substantially 95 to 120 while extending from said second limb beyond said plane and forming the second leg of the trapezoid, and a flange bent at substantially a right angleto said third limb away from the respective central portion, the edge portions of said adjacent strips of each collector electrode defining an airga

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US3755991D 1970-06-20 1971-06-17 Collector electrode for electrostatic precipitator Expired - Lifetime US3755991A (en)

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DE19707023234U DE7023234U (de) 1970-06-20 1970-06-20 Niederschlagselektrodenstreifen

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DE (1) DE7023234U (de)
ES (1) ES195905Y (de)
FR (1) FR2095379B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1312012A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3803809A (en) * 1972-07-13 1974-04-16 Metallgesellschaft Ag Electrostatic precipitator
US4263023A (en) * 1979-02-06 1981-04-21 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Multizone electrostatic precipitator
US20040226449A1 (en) * 2003-05-15 2004-11-18 Heckel Scott P. Electrostatic precipitator with internal power supply
US20050028676A1 (en) * 2003-08-05 2005-02-10 Heckel Scott P. Corona discharge electrode assembly for electrostatic precipitator
US20050224022A1 (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-13 Heckel Scott P Electrostatic droplet collector with replaceable electrode
US20050224023A1 (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-13 Heckel Scott P Electrostatic precipitator with pulsed high voltage power supply
US20050223893A1 (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-13 Hoverson Gregory W Multistage space-efficient electrostatic collector
US20050237693A1 (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-27 Heckel Scott P Method of operation of, and protector for, high voltage power supply for electrostatic precipitator
US20100000540A1 (en) * 2008-04-11 2010-01-07 Patrick Pouteau Device for extracting particles from exhaled breath
US8066433B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2011-11-29 Pro-Mart Industries, Inc. Valve for vacuum storage bag
JP2012091080A (ja) * 2010-10-25 2012-05-17 Daikin Industries Ltd 集塵装置

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2812035A (en) * 1955-09-09 1957-11-05 Buell Engineering Company Inc Electrostatic precipitator and a collecting electrode therefor
US2946400A (en) * 1956-08-27 1960-07-26 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Collecting electrode for electrofilter
GB859870A (en) * 1958-11-25 1961-01-25 Metallgesellschaft Ag Improvements in or relating to collecting electrodes for electrostatic precipitators
GB922543A (en) * 1960-05-10 1963-04-03 Metallgesellschaft Ag Collecting plate electrode for electrostatic precipitators
GB966558A (en) * 1960-03-25 1964-08-12 Svenska Flaktfabbiken Ab Electrostatic precipitator
US3282029A (en) * 1963-06-19 1966-11-01 Metallgesellschaft Ag Emitting electrode construction for electrostatic separators
US3418792A (en) * 1967-06-26 1968-12-31 Koppers Co Inc Modular collector electrode for electrostatic precipitators
US3435594A (en) * 1966-10-28 1969-04-01 Metallgesellschaft Ag Electrode discharge plate for dust collector
US3660968A (en) * 1968-11-19 1972-05-09 Lodge Cottrell Ltd Electro-precipitators

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB809403A (en) * 1956-08-27 1959-02-25 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Collecting electrode for electrofilters

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2812035A (en) * 1955-09-09 1957-11-05 Buell Engineering Company Inc Electrostatic precipitator and a collecting electrode therefor
US2946400A (en) * 1956-08-27 1960-07-26 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Collecting electrode for electrofilter
GB859870A (en) * 1958-11-25 1961-01-25 Metallgesellschaft Ag Improvements in or relating to collecting electrodes for electrostatic precipitators
GB966558A (en) * 1960-03-25 1964-08-12 Svenska Flaktfabbiken Ab Electrostatic precipitator
GB922543A (en) * 1960-05-10 1963-04-03 Metallgesellschaft Ag Collecting plate electrode for electrostatic precipitators
US3282029A (en) * 1963-06-19 1966-11-01 Metallgesellschaft Ag Emitting electrode construction for electrostatic separators
US3435594A (en) * 1966-10-28 1969-04-01 Metallgesellschaft Ag Electrode discharge plate for dust collector
US3418792A (en) * 1967-06-26 1968-12-31 Koppers Co Inc Modular collector electrode for electrostatic precipitators
US3660968A (en) * 1968-11-19 1972-05-09 Lodge Cottrell Ltd Electro-precipitators

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3803809A (en) * 1972-07-13 1974-04-16 Metallgesellschaft Ag Electrostatic precipitator
US4263023A (en) * 1979-02-06 1981-04-21 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Multizone electrostatic precipitator
US20040226449A1 (en) * 2003-05-15 2004-11-18 Heckel Scott P. Electrostatic precipitator with internal power supply
US6902604B2 (en) 2003-05-15 2005-06-07 Fleetguard, Inc. Electrostatic precipitator with internal power supply
US20050028676A1 (en) * 2003-08-05 2005-02-10 Heckel Scott P. Corona discharge electrode assembly for electrostatic precipitator
US20050237693A1 (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-27 Heckel Scott P Method of operation of, and protector for, high voltage power supply for electrostatic precipitator
US20050224023A1 (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-13 Heckel Scott P Electrostatic precipitator with pulsed high voltage power supply
US20050223893A1 (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-13 Hoverson Gregory W Multistage space-efficient electrostatic collector
US20050224022A1 (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-10-13 Heckel Scott P Electrostatic droplet collector with replaceable electrode
US6994076B2 (en) 2004-04-08 2006-02-07 Fleetguard, Inc. Electrostatic droplet collector with replaceable electrode
US7082897B2 (en) 2004-04-08 2006-08-01 Fleetguard, Inc. Electrostatic precipitator with pulsed high voltage power supply
US7112236B2 (en) 2004-04-08 2006-09-26 Fleetguard, Inc. Multistage space-efficient electrostatic collector
US7264658B1 (en) 2004-04-08 2007-09-04 Fleetguard, Inc. Electrostatic precipitator eliminating contamination of ground electrode
US7455055B2 (en) 2004-04-08 2008-11-25 Fleetguard, Inc. Method of operation of, and protector for, high voltage power supply for electrostatic precipitator
US8066433B2 (en) 2008-03-14 2011-11-29 Pro-Mart Industries, Inc. Valve for vacuum storage bag
US20100000540A1 (en) * 2008-04-11 2010-01-07 Patrick Pouteau Device for extracting particles from exhaled breath
US8316852B2 (en) * 2008-04-11 2012-11-27 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Device for extracting particles from exhaled breath
JP2012091080A (ja) * 2010-10-25 2012-05-17 Daikin Industries Ltd 集塵装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES195905U (es) 1975-02-16
FR2095379A1 (de) 1972-02-11
DE7023234U (de) 1970-09-17
FR2095379B1 (de) 1974-05-31
ES195905Y (es) 1975-07-16
GB1312012A (en) 1973-04-04

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