US3754439A - Oceanological and meteorological station - Google Patents

Oceanological and meteorological station Download PDF

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Publication number
US3754439A
US3754439A US00167999A US3754439DA US3754439A US 3754439 A US3754439 A US 3754439A US 00167999 A US00167999 A US 00167999A US 3754439D A US3754439D A US 3754439DA US 3754439 A US3754439 A US 3754439A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
mast
tank
equipment
tip
ocean
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00167999A
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English (en)
Inventor
P Bauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Erno Raumfahrttechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Erno Raumfahrttechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Erno Raumfahrttechnik GmbH filed Critical Erno Raumfahrttechnik GmbH
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Publication of US3754439A publication Critical patent/US3754439A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B22/18—Buoys having means to control attitude or position, e.g. reaction surfaces or tether
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/24—Anchors
    • B63B21/26—Anchors securing to bed
    • B63B21/29—Anchors securing to bed by weight, e.g. flukeless weight anchors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00—Buoys
    • B63B22/04—Fixations or other anchoring arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/34—Diving chambers with mechanical link, e.g. cable, to a base
    • B63C11/36—Diving chambers with mechanical link, e.g. cable, to a base of closed type
    • B63C11/42—Diving chambers with mechanical link, e.g. cable, to a base of closed type with independent propulsion or direction control

Definitions

  • cluding sensing means for taking oceanological and [56] References Cited meteorological readings as well as a radio receiver UNITED STATES PATENTS trrlaarsitsmitter and a controller are disposed on top of the 2,955,626 10/1960 Hartley 9/8 P x 3,409,055 11/1968 Bily 9/8 P X 5 Claims, 1 Drawing Flgure VER TIC/1L ANGLE S E N55 joint wft) vertical anyle lock OCEANOLOGICAL AND METEOROLOGICAL STATION
  • the present invention relates to apparatus and equipment for providing for oceanological and meteorological measurements, particularly in the continental shelf region and other shallow waters.
  • Floatation and buoyancy devices equipped with suitable sensor systems are usually employed for oceanological and meterological measurements. Oceanological data are acquired when the device is submerged whereby basically there is no limit to the depth that can be probed. The device surfaces by buoyancy control for taking meteorological measurements. These controlled buoyancy devices dive or surface and take the necessary readings in response to programmed controllers, whereby individual control sequences are usually triggered by remote control, e.g., through radio signals.
  • the known buoyancy devices do not operate quite satisfactorily in shallow waters near coastal regions where there are strong currents and, possibly, high waves of short wave length.
  • the device in accordance with the invention is particularly destined for operation under these unfavorable conditions, and is to'be preferably in the continental shelf region and similar, relatively shallow parts of the ocean.
  • a controller is'provided for operation'of the measuring equipment as well as for controlling operation of the buoyancy device.
  • the controller may be part of the instrumentation at the top of the mast, though power components of the controllerwill be disposed below, near the power supply at the bottom of the arrangement.
  • the buoyancy device is preferably a container or tank that can be flooded or blown on command from the controller.
  • the container may be'open at the bottom, and the top thereof connects to'a pressure conduit leading up from a compressed air tank which is disposed near the lower end of the mast or at thebase.
  • the buoyancy device maybe a closed container with discharge control valve, but also connected to such a compressed air tank. Still alternatively, the
  • buoyancy device may be a closedcontainer with flooding valve and water pump
  • the buoyancy container' may have anyxconfig'uratio'n. Therefore, the mast itself may at least in-part'be of hollow construction, so that the enclosed volume isavailable for buoyancy development. Alternatively, asliding weight is disposed in the mast for buoyancy control.
  • a goniometer, protractor or the like should'be dis posed between mast and anchor, or a pressure gauge should be provided at the tip of themast so as to determine and to detect the vertical angle of the mast, i.e., the height of the tip above the ocean bottom.
  • a fastening and arresting device for the pivotal displacement of the mast is controlled by the respective height detecting instrument, so as to maintain the instrument pack temporarily in a particular level, particularly when the instrumentation is submerged, for example, for taking oceanological data readings over a long period of time.
  • the mast as pivoting on a vertical axis, is capable of assuming always the most favorable position relative to ocean currents, wind or tide changes etc., to offer least resistance to the powerful forces of the ocean.
  • Power supply for this meterological and oceanological station may be provided in the anchoring device or in the lower portion of the mast, to provide little inhibition for buoyancy.
  • FIGURE shows somewhat schematically an example of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • reference numerals 15 and 16 respectively denote ocean'bottom and surface in the particular location of installing the novel equipment and station.
  • An anchoring device 1 has been lowered to the bottom 15 and firmly secured thereat, though its own weight may suffice for anchoring the" station.
  • a mast is linked to anchoring base 1 by means of a universal joint 3, so'that the mast may turn on a vertical axis to assume least resistance to ocean currents.
  • the mast is also capable of pivoting up and down in any direction, possibly following vertical ocean current variations.
  • the mast is comprised of a central pipe 4, trussing elements 5 and bracing wires 6; Instrumentation 2 is provided at the tip of the mast, containing probes etc.
  • a controller is responsive to a radio command'signals and is likewise disposed in the instrument housing.
  • a container or buoyancy controlled tank 7 is disposed in thecentral portion of the mast; the tank can be flooded or blown on command for buoyancy, control; Tank 7 does not have to be in the middle of the mast, but should always be far enough submerged to be as little as possible influenced by waves in the ocean surface.
  • the leverage for mast pivoting by buoyancy is better, the higher the position of the tank.
  • buoyancy control The various possibilities of buoyancy control have been outlined above.
  • the interior of container or tank 7 communicates with pipe 4, preferably via command controlled valves.
  • the lower end of pipe 4 communicates with a compressed air tank 8 so that selectively tank 7 can be blown or flooded. In the illustrated position tank 7 is presumed to have been blown so that the top of the mast with instrumentation 2 and radio antenna 14 is above the water line 16.
  • the (rather heavy) power supply equipment including a compressor 9, accumulator battery 11, a battery charger 12, a motor 13, such as a diesel engine, for driving compressor and charger l l, and a fuel tank for the engine. These elements are subject to control in response to command and control signals from the controller in instrumentation set 2.
  • instrumentation 2 takes meteorologic readings.
  • the radio equipment 14 communicates with a shore station, an offshore station, a ship etc.; in particular, the radio equipment may broadcast coded data, e.g., while the command controller runs the instrumentation through a programmed data reading and acquisition cycle as is usual for telemetry. Alternatively, the transmitter may broadcast data at a high rate, the data having been acquired previously and stored.
  • the controller After completion, either automatically or on command received via the radio link, the controller issues command signals for tank 7 to be flooded, in that, for example, a remote controlled valve discharges air from the tank. Accordingly, the mast, particularly the tip, will dive. Now, oceanological data are read, particularly,-for example, during diving. The data are stored in suitable facilities that are part of the instrumentation. After a pre-programmed period (or after the storage facility is filled to capacity), the tank 7 is blown. In the particular example as illustrated, it is presumed that tank 7 is blown by admitting air from container 8 to the tank. After the mast tip has surfaced, the transmitter of radio equipment 14 will transmit the data from the data storage facility. Data may have been acquired also (or only) during re-surfacing.
  • the pipe 4 leads up to the tip of the mast. Therefore, in the illustrated position, the upper end of the pipe is aboe the surface. That top may be closed by a valve, which can be opened. Now, engine 13 and compressor 9 are turned on, and air is sucked into the pipe to replenish the supply in compressed air tank 8. Air needed for combustion in the engine is likewise received through pipe 4. Concurrently, the charger 12 may recharge the batteries. The generator included in the charger may directly supply electrical energy to the equipment as long as the top of the mast is above the surface.
  • Instrumentation for measuring the angle of the mast relative to the vertical may be included in instrumentation 2, or placed anywhere on the mast, to determine the relative height of the instruments above the bottom of the sea, and whether the equipment is above orbelow the surface.
  • the instrumentation may include particular pressure gauge for determining the position of the mast tip relative to the surface level 16. The position data, thus, provided is indicative in either case of the height position of the instrument pack 2.
  • the height determining data may be fed to the command controller as part of the input thereof, for programmed overall operation control.
  • the instrumentation set 2 upon sustaining a particular state of filling in tank 7, the instrumentation set 2 can be maintained in a particular submerged position, so as to take oceanological readings in a particular level over an extended period of time.
  • controlled locking means e.g., in the universal joint 3 for arresting the position of the mast, but only as to the vertical angle.
  • the locking means will respond to the height measuring equipment.
  • the preprogrammed control will unlock the mast when the data have been read (or when the data storage facility is filled to capacity) and the tank will be blown. After surfacing the acquired data are transmitted, and the station may wait thereafter for receiving a command, e.g., to take meteorological readings or to begin a new oceanological measuring cycle etc.
  • buoyancy control As there are times in which the power equipment in effect communicates with the surface (via pipe 4 as well as via the radio link and the radio equipment) there is little basic restriction as to the type of power supply that can be used. In lieu of batteries fuel cells can be used. In lieu of a diesel engine, there may be an electric motor to drive all of the equipment (of course, a recharger will not be needed in that case). As stated, the power pack may be in the anchored base, so as to completely relieve the mast pivoting operation from any weight of these parts. However, the compressor and the compressed air tank are preferably on the lower end of the mast, so that the lower pipe end can communicate directly with these elements, obviating the need for articulated conduit means.
  • the engine better be also on the mast to simplify construction of the driving train.
  • a large fuel supply and/or a large battery may well be placed on or in the base 1.
  • the weight distribution may vary in the individual cases, and will depend on trade off between construction costs for buoyancy control and for the power supply and its connections.
  • a mast pivotally linked to the first means for up and down pivoting as well as for turning on a vertical axis;
  • instrumentation on the mast including sensing means for taking oceanological and meteorological readings;
  • the second means including a buoyancy control tank and means for selectively flooding and blowing the tank, there being means for controlling the flooding and blowing of the tank.
  • the pipe leading up to the tip of the mast so that air can be sucked there through by the compressor when the mast tip is above the water surface.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
US00167999A 1970-08-05 1971-08-02 Oceanological and meteorological station Expired - Lifetime US3754439A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702038870 DE2038870B2 (de) 1970-08-05 1970-08-05 Vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung ozeanographischer und meteorologischer messungen in schelfgebieten
DE2108561A DE2108561C3 (de) 1970-08-05 1971-02-23 Vorrichtung zur Durchführung ozeanographischer und meteorologischer Messungen in Schelfgebieten

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3754439A true US3754439A (en) 1973-08-28

Family

ID=62566559

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00167999A Expired - Lifetime US3754439A (en) 1970-08-05 1971-08-02 Oceanological and meteorological station

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3754439A (OSRAM)
DE (2) DE2038870B2 (OSRAM)
FR (1) FR2104018A5 (OSRAM)
GB (1) GB1330050A (OSRAM)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090269709A1 (en) * 2008-04-28 2009-10-29 Her Majesty In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Fisheries And Oceans Communication float
WO2009137904A1 (en) 2008-05-16 2009-11-19 Electrolux Do Brasil S.A Air conditioner supplied with metereological station and lighting
US12351275B2 (en) * 2022-09-02 2025-07-08 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Marine vessel

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3365257D1 (en) * 1982-04-28 1986-09-18 Dewandre Co Ltd C Boosted hydraulic braking system
ITMI20012505A1 (it) * 2001-11-29 2003-05-29 Roberto Pizzigalli Apparecchiatura idrodinamica per la generazione di corrente elettrica

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2955626A (en) * 1956-08-08 1960-10-11 Clifford Hartley Patents Ltd Pipe lines for loading and unloading ships and other vessels
US3193853A (en) * 1964-03-30 1965-07-13 Sol B Wiczer Pressurized membrane container
US3329015A (en) * 1963-06-07 1967-07-04 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Stabilized buoy assembly
US3409055A (en) * 1966-02-25 1968-11-05 Fmc Corp Apparatus for handling liquid cargo
US3572408A (en) * 1968-04-29 1971-03-23 Exxon Research Engineering Co Combined ship mooring and loading-unloading device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2955626A (en) * 1956-08-08 1960-10-11 Clifford Hartley Patents Ltd Pipe lines for loading and unloading ships and other vessels
US3329015A (en) * 1963-06-07 1967-07-04 Douglas Aircraft Co Inc Stabilized buoy assembly
US3193853A (en) * 1964-03-30 1965-07-13 Sol B Wiczer Pressurized membrane container
US3409055A (en) * 1966-02-25 1968-11-05 Fmc Corp Apparatus for handling liquid cargo
US3572408A (en) * 1968-04-29 1971-03-23 Exxon Research Engineering Co Combined ship mooring and loading-unloading device

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090269709A1 (en) * 2008-04-28 2009-10-29 Her Majesty In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Fisheries And Oceans Communication float
US7874886B2 (en) * 2008-04-28 2011-01-25 Her Majesty in the right of Canada as represented by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Communication float
WO2009137904A1 (en) 2008-05-16 2009-11-19 Electrolux Do Brasil S.A Air conditioner supplied with metereological station and lighting
US12351275B2 (en) * 2022-09-02 2025-07-08 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Marine vessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2038870A1 (de) 1972-02-10
FR2104018A5 (OSRAM) 1972-04-14
DE2108561A1 (de) 1972-09-28
DE2038870B2 (de) 1977-08-11
GB1330050A (en) 1973-09-12
DE2108561B2 (de) 1978-08-17
DE2108561C3 (de) 1979-04-12
DE2038870C3 (OSRAM) 1978-04-06

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