US3751955A - Method of preventing complete extrusion of a billet during hydrostatic extrusion - Google Patents

Method of preventing complete extrusion of a billet during hydrostatic extrusion Download PDF

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Publication number
US3751955A
US3751955A US00226719A US3751955DA US3751955A US 3751955 A US3751955 A US 3751955A US 00226719 A US00226719 A US 00226719A US 3751955D A US3751955D A US 3751955DA US 3751955 A US3751955 A US 3751955A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
billet
extrusion
pressure
die
during hydrostatic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00226719A
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English (en)
Inventor
I Stromblad
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Norden Holding AB
Original Assignee
ASEA AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA AB filed Critical ASEA AB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3751955A publication Critical patent/US3751955A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/007—Hydrostatic extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES, PROFILES OR LIKE SEMI-MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C31/00—Control devices for metal extruding, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT In order to prevent the complete extrusion of a billet during hydrostatic extrusion, the rear end of the billet is treated so that it is harder than the rest of the billet. As a result, when the rear end reaches a die, the resistance to extrusion increases and can be detected so that extrusion can be stopped.
  • the present invention relates to a method in hydrostatic extrusion of preventing a billet which is being extruded from being completely extruded through the die opening.
  • a billet is placed in a pressure chamber and subjected to an all-sided pressure by a pressure medium surrounding the billet. Due to the influence of this pressure the billet is forced out through an opening in a die arranged in the pressure chamber.
  • a pressure increase which can be indicated is effected in the pressure chamber when the rear part of the billet enters the entrance of the die, the rear part of the billet being treated in such a way that it becomes harder than the rest of the billet.
  • the method is particularly suitable when extruding steel, in which case the rear part of the billet is tempered to a suitable degree of hardness.
  • FIG. I shows the relationship between the extrusion ratio and the extrusion pressure for one and the same material in soft-annealed and heat-treated or tempered state, respectively.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically the pressure chamber in a hydrostatic extrusion press.
  • the relationship between the required pressure and the extrusion ratio for a type of steel and a copper alloy is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the extrusion ratio is the ratio between the area A ofa billet and the area A of a product produced.
  • the extrusion ratio is therefore A /A.
  • the curves drawn in the figure refer to the same steel or copper material, respectively, but treated to different degress of hardness.
  • l designates a high pressure cylinder in which a die 2 and a pressure-generating plunger 3 are arranged.
  • seals 4 and 5 which seal between the cylinder 1 and the plunger 3 and die 2 respectively.
  • the seals fit in grooves formed between the spacer tube 6 and the end closures 7 and 8.
  • the die rests against the table 9 in a press stand not otherwise shown, which also includes an operating cylinder for the pressure-generating plunger 3.
  • the chamber 10 which is filled with a pressure medium such as castor oil, a billet having a cross section A, is inserted. This billet is shaped in the die to a product 12 having a cross section A.
  • the billet may be a steel for which the relationship between the extrusion ratio and the extrusion pressure in soft-annealed state follows the line Fe, and in hardened state follows the line Fe
  • a pressure of about 10 kbars is required for extrusion of the soft-annealed part with an extrusion ratio A,,/A 5.
  • a pressure of about 13 kb is required if the extrusion is not to be discontinued, as is seen by the curve Fe,.
  • the pressure increase in the chamber 10 when the hard rear end of the billet reaches the die can be indirectly sensed by a pressure sensing member communicating with the operating cylinder of the pressure-generating plunger.
  • the extrusion can be discontinued by an operating signal from the sensing member when the pressure has reached a predetermined level.
  • Hardening can easily be carried out close to the press with the help of a high frequency unit, which also has the advantage that the risk of the billet being turned the wrong way so that the hard end faces the die is completely eliminated.
  • the invention can be used for all materials which can acquire varying degrees of hardness by suitable treatment. It is therefore not limited to steel and copper and these materials are only examples.
  • the billet has the same cross section along its entire length and that the increase in hardness is effected in the billet material.
  • the increase in cross section necessitated by the previously known method is therefore avoided, which meant upsetting the end of the billet or turning down the greater part of the billet, thus involving considerable losses in material.
  • Method of preventing complete extrusion of a billet during hydrostatic extrusion which comprises extruding a billet the rear end of which is of harder mateis of steel. rial than the rest of the billet, so that the pressure necessary to extrude the rearmost end of the billet will be higher.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
US00226719A 1971-03-30 1972-02-16 Method of preventing complete extrusion of a billet during hydrostatic extrusion Expired - Lifetime US3751955A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE04087/71A SE365959B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-03-30 1971-03-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3751955A true US3751955A (en) 1973-08-14

Family

ID=20263491

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00226719A Expired - Lifetime US3751955A (en) 1971-03-30 1972-02-16 Method of preventing complete extrusion of a billet during hydrostatic extrusion

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3751955A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE780055A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA955560A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH536144A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2132174A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1375595A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT961573B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE365959B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SU (1) SU464091A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3851511A (en) * 1972-09-14 1974-12-03 Asea Ab Method for hydrostatic extrusion
US3877272A (en) * 1973-03-07 1975-04-15 Asea Ab Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes and billets
US4085605A (en) * 1976-03-04 1978-04-25 Asea Ab Method and apparatus for plastic deformation at high ambient pressure
US20160052035A1 (en) * 2015-11-04 2016-02-25 Vahid Shatermashhadi System and method for hydrostatic backward extrusion

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN119140628A (zh) * 2024-09-26 2024-12-17 广州众山紧固件有限公司 一种复合合金铸件及其制备方法

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3851511A (en) * 1972-09-14 1974-12-03 Asea Ab Method for hydrostatic extrusion
US3877272A (en) * 1973-03-07 1975-04-15 Asea Ab Method for hydrostatic extrusion of tubes and billets
US4085605A (en) * 1976-03-04 1978-04-25 Asea Ab Method and apparatus for plastic deformation at high ambient pressure
US20160052035A1 (en) * 2015-11-04 2016-02-25 Vahid Shatermashhadi System and method for hydrostatic backward extrusion
US9700925B2 (en) * 2015-11-04 2017-07-11 Vahid Shatermashhadi System and method for hydrostatic backward extrusion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2214823A1 (de) 1972-10-12
GB1375595A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-11-27
IT961573B (it) 1973-12-10
CA955560A (en) 1974-10-01
SE365959B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-04-08
DE2214823B2 (de) 1976-12-09
SU464091A3 (ru) 1975-03-15
CH536144A (de) 1973-04-30
FR2132174A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-17
BE780055A (fr) 1972-07-07

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