US3751775A - Apparatus and process for commingling multifilament yarn - Google Patents

Apparatus and process for commingling multifilament yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3751775A
US3751775A US00260676A US3751775DA US3751775A US 3751775 A US3751775 A US 3751775A US 00260676 A US00260676 A US 00260676A US 3751775D A US3751775D A US 3751775DA US 3751775 A US3751775 A US 3751775A
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United States
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yarn
passageway
effective diameter
diameter
orifices
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US00260676A
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English (en)
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J Psaras
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Allied Corp
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Allied Chemical Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/08—Interlacing constituent filaments without breakage thereof, e.g. by use of turbulent air streams

Definitions

  • the apparatus comprises an elongated body having a straight yarn passageway with at least three orifices substantially equally spaced about the periphery of the body at substantially the same level.
  • the orifice center lines are offset so that at least two do not intersect with the center of the effective diameter of the yarn passageway, yet all pass within an imaginary circle having a diameter about one-third the effective diameter, and the same center as the effective diameter, at the orifice level.
  • at least two of the center lines extended from the orifices should pass outside the imaginary circle at the orifice level section having the same center but only 0.02 of the effective diameter of the yarn passageway.
  • the plane at the orifice level must be located within a length one-half the length of the yarn passageway and centered on the midpoint of the yarn passageway. These orifices communicate with a source of high pressure fluid.
  • the high pressure fluid flows through the orifices into the yarn passageway causing a vortex of swirling fluid so that any yarn passing linearly through the passageway would have filaments commingled with one another.
  • This improved process of entangling multififiment yarn can operate at from about 3,000 to about 8,000 feet per minute by passing continuous multifilament yarn through the above-described vortex.
  • At least three air orifices are spaced substantially equally at substantially the same level about the periphcry of the yarn passageway.
  • the orifice center lines are offset so that at least two do not intersect with the center of the effective diameter of the yarn passageway, yet all pass within an imaginary circle having a diameter about one-third the effective diameter, and the same center as the effective diameter, at the orifice level.
  • the resulting turbulent jet streams impinge asymmetrically in an annular area about the center line of the effective diameter of the yarn passageway and create a highly turbulent whirlpool or vortex that entangles or commingles the individual filaments in a continuous running strand of multifilament yarn.
  • the plane at the orifice level must be located within a length one-half the length of the yarn passageway and centered on the midpoint of the yarn passageway.
  • the improved apparatus for commingling continuous multifilament yarn of this invention comprises an elongated body having a straight yarn passageway passing through the elongated body and at least three orifices substantially equally spaced about the periphery of the elongated body at substantially the same level.
  • These orifices communicate with the passageway so that the center line of all the orifices, if extended, would pass within an area defined by a circle in a cross section at the orifice level having the same center as the effective diameter and having a maximum diameter of about 0.3 times the effective diameter of the yarn. passageway.
  • At least two of these extended center lines must pass outside the circle in the same cross section having the same center and about 0.02 times the effective diameter of the passageway.
  • the orifices communicate with a source of high pressure fluid.
  • the high pressure fluid flows into the orifice into the yarn passageway causing a vortex of swirling fluids so that any yarn passing linearly through the yarn passageway would have filaments commingled with one another.
  • effective diameter is meant a diameter of the largest circle which fits within and yet is tangent to the opposite sides of the narrowest dimension across the yarn passageway.
  • a circular yarn passageway has the same effective diameter as the actual passageway diameter.
  • a polygonal passageway such as a rectangle would have an effective diameter equal to the narrowest dimension of the polygon.
  • a rectangular yarn passageway would have an effective diameter equal to the narrowest dimension of the rectangle.
  • yarn guides can be placed about 2 inches above and below the entangling device to guide the yarn bundle through the highly turbulent whirlpool or vortex generated by the mixing of the three turbulent jet streams.
  • the device is slotted. Both the yarn passageway and the orifices admitting the commingling fluid may have circular or polygonal cross sections.
  • the preferred range of the inner diameter of the annular target area is from about 0.02 to about 0.03 times the effective diameter and from about 0.23 to about 0.3 times the effective diameter for the outer diameter of the annular area.
  • the fluid can be any fluid which can be jetted through an orifice such as nitrogen, steam or possibly even liquids. However, the preferred fluid is air.
  • the fluid pressure of between 30 and 90 psig is preferred. This results in a maximum air consumption of about 10 standard cubic feet per minute for each commingling device.
  • Tension on the yarn passing through the commingling device can be any tension which gives the desired amount of commingling. The preferred range is from about 0.03 to about 0.2 gram per denier.
  • the commingling device and method can be used on yarns of any denier but has been preferably used on 1,300 denier yarn or two ends of 1,300 denier yarn resulting in 2,600 denier yam.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross section of the plan view of the commingling device at the orifice level.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section in elevation of the commingling device.
  • FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the commingling device showing the string-up slot.
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams showing the circumference of the effective yarn passageway with extended orifice center lines directed to target circles and an annular area.
  • the device of this invention has been successfully used to commingle a single and two ends of 1,300 denier filament textured carpet yarns.
  • the operating pressure range was between 60 to psig and the air consumption was approximately 10 standard cubic feet per minute at the highest pressure.
  • the operating yarn tensions were between 0.03 to 0.20 grams per denier.
  • Yarn entanglement as measured by a special entanglement tester can be as high as 50 or more entanglements per meter for 2,600/I40 denier yarns (two ends of 1,300 denier 70 filament) at 3,000 and 5,000 feet per minute. The following correlation has been obtained from experimental data at 3,000 feet per minute; E.P.M. 21.6 4.16:: 6.91.1, 0.061,, 0.0M,"
  • the dimensions of the commingling device used for this example were as follows.
  • the circular yarn passageway length was one inch.
  • the yarn passageway diameter was 0.180 inch.
  • Three orifices were used at one-half inch from top. Each orifice diameter was 0.055 inch.
  • At least two orifice center lines, extended, were outside a circle having the same center as the yarn passageway but having a 0.004 inch diameter. All three orifice center lines extended were within an outer circle having 0.060 inch diameter.
  • the special entanglement test is based on the hookdrop test in US. Pat. No. 2,985,995, May 30, 1961. This test has been modified to the special entanglement per meter test as follows. An entanglement among the filaments in the yarn bundle is so identified when it has the cohesion to hold a gram hook which is allowed to slowly move down through the yarn.
  • the entanglement tester counts the number of times a needle with a 40 gram trigger pull" in a horizontally moving yarn is stopped.”
  • the instrument counts the stop, raises the needle, moves a fresh portion of yarn under the needle, inserts the needle, and starts the yarn moving.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional plan view at the orifice level of a commingling device of this invention.
  • Inner body 1 has yarn passageway 2 passing longitudinally through it.
  • Inner body 1 also has off-set orifices 3 spaced substantially equally about the diameter of yarn passageway 2. These orifices are off-set so that the center line of each orifice, if extended, would not pass through the center line of the yarn passageway 2.
  • Orifices 3 communicate with manifold 4 which in turn communicates with large orifice 7 in register with tube fitting 6 which is secured to outer body 5.
  • Outer body 5 also contains string-up slot defined by the surfaces labeled 8 and 9. The string-up slot has a flared opening 10.
  • FIG. 2 is an elevation view cross section at A--A on FIG. 1 of the commingling device of this invention. Like numbers indicate the same apparatus as in FIG. 1.
  • Yarn Y is shown passing through guide 11 above yarn passageway 2.
  • Guide 11 and another guide identical below the commingling device keep the yarn Y centered through yarn passageway 2 to effect more efficient commingling.
  • FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the commingling device of this invention.
  • like numbers indicate the same parts of the apparatus as in FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams showing the circumference of the effective yarn passageway and extended orifice center lines passing tangent to or within target circles or an annulus.
  • FIG. 4 shows the circumference of the yarn passageway 24 having fluid orifice extended center lines 19, 20 and 21 which pass through a target annulus defined by an outer circumference 22 and an inner circumference 23.
  • the preferred range of the inner diameter of the annular target area is from about 0.02 to about 0.03 times the effective diameter.
  • the preferred range for the outer diameter of the annular target area is from about 0.23 to about 0.3 times the effective diameter.
  • all of the fluid orifice center lines extended, such as, 19, 20, and 21 must cross within the outer circumference of the annulus. However, only at least two must pass outside the inner circumference 23.
  • all fluid orifice extended center lines l2, l3 and 14 are tangent to a target circle 15 having an effective diameter about 0.1 times the effective diameter of the yarn passageway.
  • the effective yarn passageway is shown by a circumference of effective yarn passageway 24.
  • Example 1 The criticality of the orifice center lines extended impinging on the annular target area as set forth in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, is shown in Table I.
  • the procedure of Example l was followed using 2,600 denier steam jet textured yarn operating at 3,000 feet per minute. Three orifices were used to impinge air on the yarn in the jet. In all cases, the yarn tension was held constant at 125 grams. Air pressure was pounds per square inch gauge in all cases. All three orifices were circular in cross section and had a diameter of 0.055 inch-The yarn passageway diameter is shown in Table I. All other dimensions are given in Example 1. Tension in all cases was grams.
  • An improved apparatus for commingling multifilament yarn comprising an elongated body having a straight yarn passageway passing through said elongated body,
  • the plane at said orifice level must be located within a length one-half the length of the yarn passageway centered on the midpoint of length of the yarn passageway,
  • said orifices communicating with said passageway so that the center line of all of said orifices, if extended, would pass within an area defined by a circle in a cross section at the orifice level having the same center as the circle of the effective diameter and having a diameter of about 0.3 times the efi'ective diameter of the yarn passageway and at least 2 of said extended center lines would pass outside a circle in the same cross section having the same center but about 0.02 times the effective diameter of the yarn passageway said orifices communicating with a source of high pressure fluid so that any yarn passing linearly through said passageway would have continuous filaments commingled with one another.
  • the improved process of entangling multifilament yarn comprising passing said yarn through a yarn passageway at speeds from about 3,000 to about 8,000 feet per minute while creating a highly turbulent whirlpool of entangling fluid in said yarn passageway by directing jets of fluid under pressure from at least three orifices located at substantially the same level in said yarn passageway, the plane at said orifice level must be located within a length onehalf the length of the yarn passageway and centered on the midpoint of the length of the yarn passageway said fluid jets being directed so that at least two said jets do not impinge directly on the center of the effective diameter of said passageway, but so that all impinge directly on an area within a circle in a cross section at the orifice level having the same center as a circle of the effective diameter but having a diameter of about 0.3 times the effective diameter of said yarn passageway whereby said yarn passing through said yarn passageway has its individual filaments entangled with one another.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US00260676A 1972-06-07 1972-06-07 Apparatus and process for commingling multifilament yarn Expired - Lifetime US3751775A (en)

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US26067672A 1972-06-07 1972-06-07

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US (1) US3751775A (sk)
BE (1) BE800542A (sk)
CH (3) CH811573A4 (sk)
DE (1) DE2328779C3 (sk)
FR (1) FR2187963B1 (sk)
IT (1) IT988223B (sk)
NL (1) NL7307833A (sk)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3828404A (en) * 1973-04-04 1974-08-13 Allied Chem Commingling jet for multifilament yarn
US3958310A (en) * 1973-03-05 1976-05-25 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Method for interlacing filaments of multifilament yarns
US4164841A (en) * 1977-10-03 1979-08-21 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for continuous formation of bulked and entangled multifilament yarn
US4295253A (en) * 1978-10-12 1981-10-20 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for texturizing filament bundles
US4392285A (en) * 1981-10-19 1983-07-12 Allied Corporation Device having yarn passage of specified dimensions for interlacing filaments of multifilament yarn
US4639986A (en) * 1981-04-01 1987-02-03 Phillips Petroleum Company Filament jet entangler
US5157819A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-10-27 Basf Corporation Modular yarn interlacer
US5275618A (en) * 1991-11-13 1994-01-04 United States Surgical Corporation Jet entangled suture yarn and method for making same
US5481787A (en) * 1992-09-04 1996-01-09 Toray Industries, Inc. Apparatus for treating yarn with fluid
US5950290A (en) * 1997-09-12 1999-09-14 International Machinery Sales, Inc. Jet for interlacing textile yarns
US6112386A (en) * 1997-10-13 2000-09-05 Deutsche Institute Fur Textil-Und Faserforschung Interlacing apparatus and process for filament interlacing
US6449938B1 (en) 2000-05-24 2002-09-17 Goulston Technologies, Inc. Advanced finish nozzle system
WO2003029539A1 (de) * 2001-09-29 2003-04-10 Heberlein Fibertechnology, Inc. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von kontengarn
US20060096270A1 (en) * 2004-11-10 2006-05-11 Keith Kenneth H Yarn manufacturing apparatus and method

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1592646A (en) * 1976-12-01 1981-07-08 Ici Ltd Yarn treatment
IT1076859B (it) * 1977-01-24 1985-04-27 Montefibre Spa Dispositivo perfezionato per l'interblacciamento di fili continui multibava

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3525133A (en) * 1967-05-10 1970-08-25 Ici Ltd Intermingling jets for multifilament yarn
US3673648A (en) * 1970-09-01 1972-07-04 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co No-twist entanglement of filament and apparatus therefor

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1685925A1 (de) * 1966-07-15 1971-08-19 Nuval Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Twists auf einem oder mehreren Garnen und dadurch hergestellte Garnkonstruktion

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3525133A (en) * 1967-05-10 1970-08-25 Ici Ltd Intermingling jets for multifilament yarn
US3673648A (en) * 1970-09-01 1972-07-04 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co No-twist entanglement of filament and apparatus therefor

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3958310A (en) * 1973-03-05 1976-05-25 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Method for interlacing filaments of multifilament yarns
US3828404A (en) * 1973-04-04 1974-08-13 Allied Chem Commingling jet for multifilament yarn
US4164841A (en) * 1977-10-03 1979-08-21 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for continuous formation of bulked and entangled multifilament yarn
US4295253A (en) * 1978-10-12 1981-10-20 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for texturizing filament bundles
US4639986A (en) * 1981-04-01 1987-02-03 Phillips Petroleum Company Filament jet entangler
US4392285A (en) * 1981-10-19 1983-07-12 Allied Corporation Device having yarn passage of specified dimensions for interlacing filaments of multifilament yarn
US5157819A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-10-27 Basf Corporation Modular yarn interlacer
US5423859A (en) * 1991-11-13 1995-06-13 United States Surgical Corporation Jet entangled suture yarn and method for making same
US5275618A (en) * 1991-11-13 1994-01-04 United States Surgical Corporation Jet entangled suture yarn and method for making same
US5481787A (en) * 1992-09-04 1996-01-09 Toray Industries, Inc. Apparatus for treating yarn with fluid
US5950290A (en) * 1997-09-12 1999-09-14 International Machinery Sales, Inc. Jet for interlacing textile yarns
US6112386A (en) * 1997-10-13 2000-09-05 Deutsche Institute Fur Textil-Und Faserforschung Interlacing apparatus and process for filament interlacing
US6449938B1 (en) 2000-05-24 2002-09-17 Goulston Technologies, Inc. Advanced finish nozzle system
WO2003029539A1 (de) * 2001-09-29 2003-04-10 Heberlein Fibertechnology, Inc. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von kontengarn
US20060096270A1 (en) * 2004-11-10 2006-05-11 Keith Kenneth H Yarn manufacturing apparatus and method
US7406818B2 (en) 2004-11-10 2008-08-05 Columbia Insurance Company Yarn manufacturing apparatus and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT988223B (it) 1975-04-10
BE800542A (fr) 1973-12-06
DE2328779A1 (de) 1973-12-20
CH811573A4 (sk) 1975-12-15
CH577047B5 (sk) 1976-06-30
NL7307833A (sk) 1973-12-11
CH583316A5 (sk) 1976-12-31
DE2328779B2 (de) 1978-07-20
FR2187963B1 (sk) 1977-09-16
DE2328779C3 (de) 1979-03-15
FR2187963A1 (sk) 1974-01-18

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