US3751736A - Automatically flushing sanitary appliance - Google Patents

Automatically flushing sanitary appliance Download PDF

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US3751736A
US3751736A US00195645A US3751736DA US3751736A US 3751736 A US3751736 A US 3751736A US 00195645 A US00195645 A US 00195645A US 3751736D A US3751736D A US 3751736DA US 3751736 A US3751736 A US 3751736A
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resistance
electrodes
bowl
sensing
appliance according
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R Egli
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03DWATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D13/00Urinals ; Means for connecting the urinal to the flushing pipe and the wastepipe; Splashing shields for urinals
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03CDOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C1/05Arrangements of devices on wash-basins, baths, sinks, or the like for remote control of taps
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03DWATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D5/00Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
    • E03D5/10Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated electrically, e.g. by a photo-cell; also combined with devices for opening or closing shutters in the bowl outlet and/or with devices for raising/or lowering seat and cover and/or for swiveling the bowl
    • E03D5/105Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated electrically, e.g. by a photo-cell; also combined with devices for opening or closing shutters in the bowl outlet and/or with devices for raising/or lowering seat and cover and/or for swiveling the bowl touchless, e.g. using sensors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S4/00Baths, closets, sinks, and spittoons
    • Y10S4/03Electric flushing

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Electrodes are located in the appliance which has normally a water level, in a bowl. Water supply is controlled by an electromagnetically operating valve. Upon sensing of change of resistance between a pair of electrodes, for example upon bridging of the electrodes by urine, a time delay period is initiated and a relay pulls in, charging a capacitor. When the resistance between the electrodes reverts back to its normal value, discharge of the condenser is initiated through a multivibrator circuit which triggers opening of the electromagnetic valve for a predetermined period of time, to flush the bowl. In case the drain from the bowl should be obstructed, the electrodes will not revert back to their normal resistance, so that repeated flushing is inhibited.
  • the present invention relates to an automatically flushing sanitary appliance, and more particularly to a toilet, and specifically to a urinal, in which the flushing action is automatically initiated when use of the appliance has been sensed, by controlling the opening of an electromagnetically controlled valve.
  • a pair of electrodes are provided, and the resistance between the electrodes is sensed.
  • the electrodes are located in the bowl. If .the electrodes are contacted by contaminating liquid, so that the resistance between the electrode changes, a sensing circuit is activated providing a control signal which triggers a valve control circuit, when a second signal is obtained from the electrodes.
  • the second signal typically, is derived when the resistance value of the electrodes reverts back to normal, quiescent value, that is, upon cessation of flow of contaminating liquid across the electrodes.
  • the change in resistance between the electrodes must continue for a first predetermined period of time (to avoid spurious responses) before the first output signal is obtained from the sensing circuit.
  • This first output signal is used to activate, or set the multivibrator, for example to initiate charging of a condenser.
  • charging action is terminated and discharge of the condenser is permitted, the discharge of the condenser initiating flushing action.
  • discharge of the condenser triggers a monostable multivibrator, the unstable period of time of the multivibrator determinating the open period of the electromagnetic valve.
  • the resistances will not revert back to their normal value so that flushing action is inhibited, and overflow of the bowl is prevented.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a urinal, with electrodes applied thereto;
  • FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram illustrating the circuit portion of the flushing system
  • FIG. 3 is a partly schematic block circuit diagram of the circuit of the monostable multivibrator initiating flushing action.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic, perspective view of a urinal with modified electrode locations.
  • a urinal 11 has a siphon 12, in which water is normally located in a trap, having a water level 15.
  • An electrode 13 is inserted in a small recess formed, above water level, in the inner surface of the bowl.
  • a second electrode 14 is located below the normal level of the siphon water 15, within the siphon l2.
  • Electrodes 13, 14 are part of an electrode sensing circuit 24.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the circuit, schematically in block form.
  • a resistance measuring portion 21 is connected to a control portion 22, both being supplied by a power supply 23.
  • the output thereof is connected to an amplifier 25.
  • the output from amplifier 25 is connected to a relay response delay circuit, which provides an output if, and only if the signal from sensing circuit 24 persists for a predetermined period of time 1,. If this output persists, it is then applied to relay 27 (which may be a solid state circuit).
  • double-bridge circuits may be used, or different electrodes can be connected in different arms of the bridge, as well known in the art.
  • the electrodes themselves can be located, as seen in FIGS. 1 and 4, within the bowl, as will be discussed below.
  • the circuit portion 22 includes a monostable multivibrator 28, the output of which controls the coil of a control relay 29 which actuates a magnetic valve 30 which, in turn, admist water to flush the urinal.
  • Power supply 23 is connected to a power network 31. It includes a transformer 32, and a rectifier circuit 33, preferably a bridge rectifier.
  • the monostable multivibrator 28 is shown in detail in FIG. 3. If relay 27 (FIG. 2) is activated, the changeover contact 2711 (FIG. 3) changes position to that shown in FIG. 3. This causes operating potential to be applied to the capacitor 41. Capacitor 41 is charged over resistances 42, 43, diode 44, and the base-emitter path of transistor 45.
  • the coil of relay 29 will be, likewise, subject to operating potential and current will flow from the power source through the relay 29, causing it to pull in, and flushing valve 30 to be activated.
  • Condenser 41 cannot, however, charge to an opposite polarity because, as soon as condenser 41 has completely discharged, diode 44 would again become conductive, and switch-over the transistor 45.
  • the discharge time of condenser 41 is governed by the R-C circuit formed by condenser 41 and resistance 48, resistance 48 preferably being variable, so that it can be matched to water requirements and various electromagnetic valves.
  • Transistor 47 will again block, after discharge, due to absence of current through resistance 49, and stable operating conditions will again obtain.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a further embodiment of the urinal, and particularly the siphon l2. Electrodes l6, 17, for example as semi-circular rings, are located above the water level at the inner surface of the bowl ll.
  • the relay is only energized when at least during the delay period 1,, the liquid bridges the electrodes l3, 14.
  • relay 27 Upon termination of flow of liquid between the resistances, that is, as soon as the resistances revert to normal resistance value, relay 27 will drop out, causing changeover of its contact to the open position (FIG. 3), triggering monostable multivibrator 28 in its unstable state.
  • control relay 29 is pulled in and operates the magnetic valve 30 to flush the bowl 11. Additional time delays may be incorporated in the circuit, for example between multivibrator 28 and the control relay 29, or between control relay 29 and the electromagnetic valve, to provide a brief time delay between termination of contaminating liquid and flushing action.
  • Control relay 29 has a dual function; and the one hand, it connects power from the power supply 23 to the magnetic valve 30, so that, while the control relay 29 is energized, flushing water can be admitted to bowl 11 (as well known in the art). Additionally, relay 29 interrupts current supply from power supply 23 to the sensing electrode circuit 24. This may be desirable under certain conditions, particularly when the flushing water has sufficient mineral content to lower the resistance value between the electrodes, so that the flushing water will not affect operation of the sensing circuit, and erroneously cause further flushing action to be initiated.
  • the interconnection between the sensing electrode circuit 24 and the power supply 23, controlled by the control relay 29 is not strictly necessary, since the multivibrator 28 is so constructed that separate interruption of power supply to the sensing electrode circuit, by the relay 29, is not necessary.
  • the monostable multivibrator 28 will revert into its stable state, and control relay 29 will open. This disconnects the valve 30 and no more flushing water will flow into bowl 11.
  • the resistance measuring circuit 21 is again activated, the apparatus being ready for sensing further flushing action.
  • the delay time t, of relay 27 is so set that the flushing water, which is in bowl 11 after the magnetic valve has closed, will flow out in a shorter time than the delay time t,.. This water, while it may be sensed by the sensing electrodes will not, however, cause further flushing action since the time of flow is insufficient to cause relay 27 to pull in.
  • Relay 27 can be a mechanical relay, a reed relay, or a solid-state relay, and include the time delay circuit 26.
  • the electrodes may be located at various places in the bowl. As seen in FIG. 4, electrodes l6, 17 are located, one above the other, and above the water level 15 of hte siphon water at the inner wall of bowl 11. The liquid which flows simultaneously over electrodes 16, 17, changes their electrical resistance. If this liquid flow continues for the time duration 1,, relay 27 is pulled in. As soon as no liquid simultaneously flows over electrodes I6 and 17, relay 27 drops out, thus initiating flushing action.
  • the resistance measuring elements may be electrodes exposed to the liquid, or they may be temperature sensitive devices, responsive to change in temperature upon sensing presence of a liquid.
  • the electrodes are heated to a temperature of roughly 50 C, and are located above the water level 15 of the siphon water. When liquid flows over the electrode, its temperature will change, and thus the electrical resistance thereof.
  • the change in resistance is utilized in the sensing electrode circuit to initiate flushing action.
  • at least one such electrode must be used so that reliable cooling by contaminating liquid is obtained.
  • the circuit portion 21, as well as the power supply 23, and the switching unit 22 are all contained on a single printed circuit.
  • the circuit, including power supply can be contained in a space of about 6 X 9 X 2 cm, that is, approximately the size of a pack of cigarettes, which can be plugged in directly into a connector, located beneath the bowl Ill.
  • the automatically flushing bowl 11 can thus be mounted directly on the wall, without requiring any additional installation, or location work.
  • Relay 27, and the mechanical contact 271 need not be mechanical, but may be replaced by solid-state circuitry, such as a controlled semiconductor switch, with a turn-off circuit.
  • the delay time t,, determined by the circuit 26, in the illustrative example forms part of the sensing circuit 21; it can be incorporated in the relay circuitry, in the amplifier, to effect setting, or priming of the circuit initiating flushing ac tion only after the electrodes have sensed contaminating liquid for a predetermined period of time.
  • sensing means including at least one electrode (13,14, 16, 17) located in the bowl (11), said electrode changing its resistance upon contact with contaminating liquid;
  • sensing circuit means deriving a first control signal upon such change in resistance from a predetermined value in a first direction, and a second control signal upon changes of resistance in the opposite direction and towards said predetermined value upon subsequent absence of the contaminating liquid;
  • valve control circuit (28) connected to and controlled by the first and second control signals, said valve control circuit being enabled upon having said first control signal applied thereto and providing an output control pulse upon sensing said second control signal, said output control pulse being connected to said electromagnetic valve to provide flushing action to the bowl upon occurrence of said second control pulse.
  • Appliance according to claim 1 wherein two electrodes are provided, one (13) being located above the water level (15) of the bowl (11) and another (14) below the water level.
  • Appliance according to claim 2 wherein the one of the electrodes (13) located above the water level (15) is placed along the surface of the inner wall of the bowl (11), the other electrode being located within the siphon section (12) of the appliance.
  • Appliance according to claim ,1 wherein two electrodes are provided, and one of the electrodes (13, 16) is located above the water level (15) in the bowl (11) and comprises a temperature sensitive resistance.
  • valve control circuit (28) includes a monostable multivibrator (45,47) and a charge condenser (41), the charge condenser being charged upon application of the first control signal to enable the monostable multivibrator, the monostable multivibrator being triggered into unstable state upon sensing of the second control signal.
  • change of resistance in the opposite direction comprises reversion of the electrodes to essentially said predetermined resistance value to cause generation of said second control signal, said monostable multivibrator being triggered into unstable state upon essential reversion of resistance to said predetermined value after having changed to a resistance value different from said predetermined value.
  • the sensing circuit means includes a controlled switch (27 providing charging potential to the condenser (41) after sensing of change of resistance for at least a predetermined period of time.
  • the sensing circuit means comprises a time delay circuit (26) to supply the first control signal only upon change of resistance of said sensing means for a predetermined period of time (1,).
  • valve control circuit comprises a monostable multivibrator (28), said monostable multivibrator having an R-C circuit (48,41) determining the unstable time of the monostable multivibrator, the unstable time being matched to the capacity of the bowl and the water passage of said electromagnetic valve, to effect opening of the electromagnetic valve for a predetermined flushing period, and hence flush the bowl during said flushing period.
  • Appliance according to claim 1 including power supply means (23) for said electromagnetic valve and for said sensing circuit means;
  • said sensing circuit means comprises a first timing circuit (26) and providing the first output signal after a predetermined period of time after change of resistance of said electrodes is first detected;
  • sensing circuit means providing said second output signal upon sensing said change of resistance of said electrodes in the opposite direction, the second output signal controlling said valve control circuit; and a second timing circuit (28) to provide said output control pulse for a flushing time period to cause the electromagnetic valve to provide flushing action.
  • Appliance according to claim 12, wherein the second change of resistance comprises reversion of the resistance to essentially its predetermined value to provide the second output signal after termination of sensing of contaminating liquid contacting the electrodes, to change their resistances.

Abstract

Electrodes are located in the appliance which has normally a water level, in a bowl. Water supply is controlled by an electromagnetically operating valve. Upon sensing of change of resistance between a pair of electrodes, for example upon bridging of the electrodes by urine, a time delay period is initiated and a relay pulls in, charging a capacitor. When the resistance between the electrodes reverts back to its normal value, discharge of the condenser is initiated through a multivibrator circuit which triggers opening of the electromagnetic valve for a predetermined period of time, to flush the bowl. In case the drain from the bowl should be obstructed, the electrodes will not revert back to their normal resistance, so that repeated flushing is inhibited.

Description

[451 Aug. 14, 1973 AUTOMATICALLY FLUSl-IING SANITARY APPLIANCE [76] Inventor: Richard Egli, Eichenweg 4,
Kusnacht, Switzerland [22] Filed: Nov. 4, 1971 [21] App1.No.: 195,645
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Nov. 12, 1970 Switzerland 16766/70 [52] US. Cl. 4/100, 4/DIG. 3 [51] Int. Cl E03d 5/10, E03d 13/00 [58] Field of Search 4/100, 101, DIG. 3, 4/249; 307/273 [56] 1 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,497,876 3/1970 Williams 4/100 3,416,162 12/1968 Hamblen..... 4/100 3,239,847 3/1966 Parri 4/100 1,335,380 3/1920 Littlefield 4/100 3,648,298 3/1972 Gross 4/100 3,590,397 7/1971 Akamatsu 4/100 3,373,449 3/1968 Rusnak 4/100 3,505,689 4/1970 Neff et al 4/100 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 2,062,929 7/1971 Germany 4/100 Primww E qmin rlis ry t, Ar v Attorney- Robert D. Flynn, Stephen H. Frishauf et al.
[5 7] ABSTRACT Electrodes are located in the appliance which has normally a water level, in a bowl. Water supply is controlled by an electromagnetically operating valve. Upon sensing of change of resistance between a pair of electrodes, for example upon bridging of the electrodes by urine, a time delay period is initiated and a relay pulls in, charging a capacitor. When the resistance between the electrodes reverts back to its normal value, discharge of the condenser is initiated through a multivibrator circuit which triggers opening of the electromagnetic valve for a predetermined period of time, to flush the bowl. In case the drain from the bowl should be obstructed, the electrodes will not revert back to their normal resistance, so that repeated flushing is inhibited.
14 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures AUTOMATICALLY FLUSI'IING SANITARY APPLIANCE The present invention relates to an automatically flushing sanitary appliance, and more particularly to a toilet, and specifically to a urinal, in which the flushing action is automatically initiated when use of the appliance has been sensed, by controlling the opening of an electromagnetically controlled valve.
Electronic devices have been proposed to automatically flush bowlsand the like. Most of these operate optically, and utilize a light beam, and a photosensitive element, such as a photo diode. The beam generating lamp and the photo diode are located, usually, in small additional boxes adjacent, or in front of the bowl. The flushing action is initiated when the light beam from the light source to the photosensitive device is interrupted, or interfered with. Such a construction requires installation of at least two boxes on the bowl, one for the light generator and one for the photosensitive device such as a photo diode. This installation increases the complexity of placement, and is time consuming and expensive. The lifetime of the light source, typically a small bulb, is limited and therefore maintenance of the automatic device is required. The flushing action is triggered, even if someone only passes the bowl, not requiring actual flushing of the bowl.
Other automatic flushing devices have been proposed, in which the bowls are flushed automatically from time to time, regardless of use. Such devices use water at an excessive rate. Additionally, should the bowl be stopped up, repeated flushing will cause overflow and flooding.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a sanitary appliance having an automatic flushing system which is simple in installation, requires no specific maintenance, and in which flooding is automatically prevented.
SUBJECT MATTER OF THE PRESENT INVENTION Briefly, a pair of electrodes are provided, and the resistance between the electrodes is sensed. The electrodes are located in the bowl. If .the electrodes are contacted by contaminating liquid, so that the resistance between the electrode changes, a sensing circuit is activated providing a control signal which triggers a valve control circuit, when a second signal is obtained from the electrodes. The second signal, typically, is derived when the resistance value of the electrodes reverts back to normal, quiescent value, that is, upon cessation of flow of contaminating liquid across the electrodes. Preferably, the change in resistance between the electrodes must continue fora first predetermined period of time (to avoid spurious responses) before the first output signal is obtained from the sensing circuit. This first output signal is used to activate, or set the multivibrator, for example to initiate charging of a condenser. Upon termination of the change in resistance, charging action is terminated and discharge of the condenser is permitted, the discharge of the condenser initiating flushing action. Preferably, discharge of the condenser triggers a monostable multivibrator, the unstable period of time of the multivibrator determinating the open period of the electromagnetic valve.
If there should be an obstruction in the bowl, the resistances will not revert back to their normal value so that flushing action is inhibited, and overflow of the bowl is prevented.
The invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a urinal, with electrodes applied thereto;
FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram illustrating the circuit portion of the flushing system;
FIG. 3 is a partly schematic block circuit diagram of the circuit of the monostable multivibrator initiating flushing action; and
FIG. 4 is a schematic, perspective view of a urinal with modified electrode locations.
A urinal 11 has a siphon 12, in which water is normally located in a trap, having a water level 15. An electrode 13 is inserted in a small recess formed, above water level, in the inner surface of the bowl. A second electrode 14 is located below the normal level of the siphon water 15, within the siphon l2.
Electrodes 13, 14 are part of an electrode sensing circuit 24. FIG. 2 illustrates the circuit, schematically in block form. A resistance measuring portion 21 is connected to a control portion 22, both being supplied by a power supply 23. The resistance measuring portion 21, in detail, includes a resistance measuring sensing circuit 24, for example a bridge circuit or the like. The output thereof is connected to an amplifier 25. The output from amplifier 25 is connected to a relay response delay circuit, which provides an output if, and only if the signal from sensing circuit 24 persists for a predetermined period of time 1,. If this output persists, it is then applied to relay 27 (which may be a solid state circuit).
If more than two electrodes are connected to the sensing circuit 24, double-bridge circuits may be used, or different electrodes can be connected in different arms of the bridge, as well known in the art.
The electrodes themselves can be located, as seen in FIGS. 1 and 4, within the bowl, as will be discussed below.
The circuit portion 22 includes a monostable multivibrator 28, the output of which controls the coil of a control relay 29 which actuates a magnetic valve 30 which, in turn, admist water to flush the urinal.
Power supply 23 is connected to a power network 31. It includes a transformer 32, and a rectifier circuit 33, preferably a bridge rectifier.
The monostable multivibrator 28 is shown in detail in FIG. 3. If relay 27 (FIG. 2) is activated, the changeover contact 2711 (FIG. 3) changes position to that shown in FIG. 3. This causes operating potential to be applied to the capacitor 41. Capacitor 41 is charged over resistances 42, 43, diode 44, and the base-emitter path of transistor 45.
When there is no liquid interconnecting electrodes l3, 14 so as to change their resistance values, that is, as soon as the sensing electrode circuit 24 no longer senses a change resistance value between the electrodes, relay 27 will drop out, changing the contact 271 to the position'now shown in FIG. 3. This initiates flushing action, by triggering the monostable multivibrator 28 into its unstable state. Condenser 4] discharges over condenser 46, which triggers transistor 47 to become conductive. Feedback resistance 49 brings transistor 45 into blocking condition. Discharge of condenser 41 will continue over the low resistance collector-emitter path of transistor 47, as soon as transistor 47 becomes conductive, and over resistances 43 and 48. The coil of relay 29 will be, likewise, subject to operating potential and current will flow from the power source through the relay 29, causing it to pull in, and flushing valve 30 to be activated. Condenser 41 cannot, however, charge to an opposite polarity because, as soon as condenser 41 has completely discharged, diode 44 would again become conductive, and switch-over the transistor 45. The discharge time of condenser 41 is governed by the R-C circuit formed by condenser 41 and resistance 48, resistance 48 preferably being variable, so that it can be matched to water requirements and various electromagnetic valves. Transistor 47 will again block, after discharge, due to absence of current through resistance 49, and stable operating conditions will again obtain.
FIG. 4 illustrates a further embodiment of the urinal, and particularly the siphon l2. Electrodes l6, 17, for example as semi-circular rings, are located above the water level at the inner surface of the bowl ll.
OPERATION Let it be assumed that a contaminating liquid, for example urine, flows along the surface of the bowl 11 into the siphon 12. This will cause a drop in the resistance between electrodes 13 and I4 and thus cause response of the sensing circuit 24. The liquid flowing over electrode l3 bridges the electrical resistance, normally present between electrodes 13 and 14, electrode 14 being located within the siphon water 15. Change of resistance, as sensed by sensing circuit 24 is amplified by amplifier 25. If this change persists for a predetermined period of time (to prevent spurious response) the delay circuit 26 will respond after a delay 1,, and energize relay 27. Upon energization, the switch-over contact will switch over into the position shown in FIG. 3. The relay is only energized when at least during the delay period 1,, the liquid bridges the electrodes l3, 14. Upon termination of flow of liquid between the resistances, that is, as soon as the resistances revert to normal resistance value, relay 27 will drop out, causing changeover of its contact to the open position (FIG. 3), triggering monostable multivibrator 28 in its unstable state. During the unstable state of the multivibrator, determined by the time constant of condenser 41 and the variable resistance 48, control relay 29 is pulled in and operates the magnetic valve 30 to flush the bowl 11. Additional time delays may be incorporated in the circuit, for example between multivibrator 28 and the control relay 29, or between control relay 29 and the electromagnetic valve, to provide a brief time delay between termination of contaminating liquid and flushing action.
Control relay 29 has a dual function; and the one hand, it connects power from the power supply 23 to the magnetic valve 30, so that, while the control relay 29 is energized, flushing water can be admitted to bowl 11 (as well known in the art). Additionally, relay 29 interrupts current supply from power supply 23 to the sensing electrode circuit 24. This may be desirable under certain conditions, particularly when the flushing water has sufficient mineral content to lower the resistance value between the electrodes, so that the flushing water will not affect operation of the sensing circuit, and erroneously cause further flushing action to be initiated.
The interconnection between the sensing electrode circuit 24 and the power supply 23, controlled by the control relay 29 is not strictly necessary, since the multivibrator 28 is so constructed that separate interruption of power supply to the sensing electrode circuit, by the relay 29, is not necessary. After a predetermined flushing time, the monostable multivibrator 28 will revert into its stable state, and control relay 29 will open. This disconnects the valve 30 and no more flushing water will flow into bowl 11. The resistance measuring circuit 21 is again activated, the apparatus being ready for sensing further flushing action.
The delay time t, of relay 27 is so set that the flushing water, which is in bowl 11 after the magnetic valve has closed, will flow out in a shorter time than the delay time t,.. This water, while it may be sensed by the sensing electrodes will not, however, cause further flushing action since the time of flow is insufficient to cause relay 27 to pull in.
Relay 27 can be a mechanical relay, a reed relay, or a solid-state relay, and include the time delay circuit 26.
It may occur that the siphon 12 of the bowl is plugged, so that water cannot flow out freely. Since the flushing action is only initiated upon termination of sensing of change in resistance value, and continued presence of water in the bowl will cause the resistance to be lowered, no flushing action will be initiated until the water has drained out. Relay 27 will remain energized until water has drained out from the bowl. The monostable multivibrator 28 thus cannot respond to cause further flushing action by controlling relay 29 and magnetic valve 30. Thus, the entire system is safe against continued water supply, upon presence of a stopped condition, and thus overflow and flooding are prevented.
The electrodes may be located at various places in the bowl. As seen in FIG. 4, electrodes l6, 17 are located, one above the other, and above the water level 15 of hte siphon water at the inner wall of bowl 11. The liquid which flows simultaneously over electrodes 16, 17, changes their electrical resistance. If this liquid flow continues for the time duration 1,, relay 27 is pulled in. As soon as no liquid simultaneously flows over electrodes I6 and 17, relay 27 drops out, thus initiating flushing action.
The resistance measuring elements may be electrodes exposed to the liquid, or they may be temperature sensitive devices, responsive to change in temperature upon sensing presence of a liquid. In this example, the electrodes are heated to a temperature of roughly 50 C, and are located above the water level 15 of the siphon water. When liquid flows over the electrode, its temperature will change, and thus the electrical resistance thereof. The change in resistance, as before, is utilized in the sensing electrode circuit to initiate flushing action. Depending on the form of the bowl 11, at least one such electrode must be used so that reliable cooling by contaminating liquid is obtained.
In one example of an actual construction of the present invention, the circuit portion 21, as well as the power supply 23, and the switching unit 22 are all contained on a single printed circuit. Without the magnetic valve which is part of the plumbing assembly the circuit, including power supply, can be contained in a space of about 6 X 9 X 2 cm, that is, approximately the size of a pack of cigarettes, which can be plugged in directly into a connector, located beneath the bowl Ill. The automatically flushing bowl 11 can thus be mounted directly on the wall, without requiring any additional installation, or location work.
Relay 27, and the mechanical contact 271 (FIGS. 2,3) need not be mechanical, but may be replaced by solid-state circuitry, such as a controlled semiconductor switch, with a turn-off circuit. The delay time t,,, determined by the circuit 26, in the illustrative example forms part of the sensing circuit 21; it can be incorporated in the relay circuitry, in the amplifier, to effect setting, or priming of the circuit initiating flushing ac tion only after the electrodes have sensed contaminating liquid for a predetermined period of time.
Various changes and modifications may be made within the inventive concept.
I claim:
1. Automatically flushing sanitary appliance in which a bowl (11) is flushed upon detection of contamination of the the water level (15) thereof, comprising an electromagnetic valve (30) controlling admission of water to the appliance;
sensing means including at least one electrode (13,14, 16, 17) located in the bowl (11), said electrode changing its resistance upon contact with contaminating liquid;
sensing circuit means (21; 24, 25, 26, 27) deriving a first control signal upon such change in resistance from a predetermined value in a first direction, and a second control signal upon changes of resistance in the opposite direction and towards said predetermined value upon subsequent absence of the contaminating liquid;
and a valve control circuit (28) connected to and controlled by the first and second control signals, said valve control circuit being enabled upon having said first control signal applied thereto and providing an output control pulse upon sensing said second control signal, said output control pulse being connected to said electromagnetic valve to provide flushing action to the bowl upon occurrence of said second control pulse.
2. Appliance according to claim 1, wherein two electrodes are provided, one (13) being located above the water level (15) of the bowl (11) and another (14) below the water level.
3. Appliance according to claim 2, wherein the one of the electrodes (13) located above the water level (15) is placed along the surface of the inner wall of the bowl (11), the other electrode being located within the siphon section (12) of the appliance.
4. Appliance according to claim I, wherein two electrodes (l6, 17) are provided, located above the water level (15) of the bowl (ll).
5. Appliance according to claim ,1, wherein two electrodes are provided, and one of the electrodes (13, 16) is located above the water level (15) in the bowl (11) and comprises a temperature sensitive resistance.
6. Appliance according to claim 1, wherein the valve control circuit (28) includes a monostable multivibrator (45,47) and a charge condenser (41), the charge condenser being charged upon application of the first control signal to enable the monostable multivibrator, the monostable multivibrator being triggered into unstable state upon sensing of the second control signal.
7. Appliance according to claim 6, wherein change of resistance in the opposite direction comprises reversion of the electrodes to essentially said predetermined resistance value to cause generation of said second control signal, said monostable multivibrator being triggered into unstable state upon essential reversion of resistance to said predetermined value after having changed to a resistance value different from said predetermined value.
8. Appliance according to claim 6, wherein the sensing circuit means includes a controlled switch (27 providing charging potential to the condenser (41) after sensing of change of resistance for at least a predetermined period of time.
9. Appliance according to claim 6, wherein the sensing circuit means comprises a time delay circuit (26) to supply the first control signal only upon change of resistance of said sensing means for a predetermined period of time (1,).
l0. Appliance according to claim 6, wherein the valve control circuit comprises a monostable multivibrator (28), said monostable multivibrator having an R-C circuit (48,41) determining the unstable time of the monostable multivibrator, the unstable time being matched to the capacity of the bowl and the water passage of said electromagnetic valve, to effect opening of the electromagnetic valve for a predetermined flushing period, and hence flush the bowl during said flushing period.
11. Appliance according to claim 1, including power supply means (23) for said electromagnetic valve and for said sensing circuit means;
and an interruptible connection between the power supply means and the sensing circuit means, the interruptible connection being controlled by said valve control circuit to disable the sensing means at least during opening of said electromagnetic valve.
l2. Appliance according to claim ll, wherein said sensing circuit means comprises a first timing circuit (26) and providing the first output signal after a predetermined period of time after change of resistance of said electrodes is first detected;
said sensing circuit means providing said second output signal upon sensing said change of resistance of said electrodes in the opposite direction, the second output signal controlling said valve control circuit; and a second timing circuit (28) to provide said output control pulse for a flushing time period to cause the electromagnetic valve to provide flushing action.
13. Appliance according to claim 12, wherein the second change of resistance comprises reversion of the resistance to essentially its predetermined value to provide the second output signal after termination of sensing of contaminating liquid contacting the electrodes, to change their resistances.
l4. Appliance according to claim 1, wherein the sanitary appliance is a urinal.
# t t k

Claims (14)

1. Automatically flushing sanitary appliance in which a bowl (11) is flushed upon detection of contamination of the the water level (15) thereof, comprising an electromagnetic valve (30) controlling admission of water to the appliance; sensing means including at least one electrode (13,14, 16, 17) located in the bowl (11), said electrode changing its resistance upon contact with contaminating liquid; sensing circuit means (21; 24, 25, 26, 27) deriving a first control signal upon such change in resistance from a predetermined value in a first direction, and a second control signal upon changes of resistance in the opposite direction and towards said predetermined value upon subsequent absence of the contaminating liquid; and a valve control circuit (28) connected to and controlled by the first and second control signals, said valve control circuit being enabled upon having said first control signal applied thereto and providing an output control pulse upon sensing said second control signal, said output control pulse being connected to said electromagnetic valve to provide flushing action to the bowl upon occurrence of said second control pulse.
2. Appliance according to claim 1, wherein two electrodes are provided, one (13) being located above the water level (15) of the bowl (11) and another (14) below the water level.
3. Appliance according to claim 2, wherein the one of the electrodes (13) located above the water level (15) is placed along the surface of the inner wall of the bowl (11), the other electrode being located within the siphon section (12) of the appliance.
4. Appliance according to claim 1, wherein two electrodes (16, 17) are provided, located above the water level (15) of the bowl (11).
5. Appliance according to claim 1, wherein two electrodes are provided, and one of the electrodes (13, 16) is located above the water level (15) in the bowl (11) and comprises a temperature sensitive resistance.
6. Appliance according to claim 1, wherein the valve control circuit (28) includes a monostable multivibrator (45,47) and a charge condenser (41), the charge condenser being charged upon application of the first control signal to enable the monostable multivibrator, the monostable multivibrator being triggered into unstable state upon sensing of the second control signal.
7. Appliance according to claim 6, wherein change of resistance in the opposite direction comprises reversion of the electrodes to essentially said predetermined resistance value to cause generation of said second control signal, said monostable multivibrator being triggered into unstable state upon essential reversion of resistance to said predetermined value after having changed to a resistance value different from said predetermined value.
8. Appliance according to claim 6, wherein the sensing circuit means includes a controlled switch (27) providing charging potential to the condenser (41) after sensing of change of resistance for at least a predetermined period of time.
9. Appliance according to claim 6, wherein the sensing circuit means comprises a time delay circuit (26) to supply the first control signal only upon change of resistance of said sensing means for a predetermined period of time (tv).
10. Appliance according to claim 6, wherein the valve control circuit comprises a monostable multivibrator (28), said monostable multivibrator having an R-C circuit (48,41) determining the unstable time of the monostable multivibrator, the unstable time being matched to the capacity of the bowl and the water passage of said electromagnetic valve, to effect opening of the electromagnetic valve for a predetermined flushing period, and hence flush the bowl during said flushing period.
11. Appliance according to claim 1, including power supply means (23) for said electromagnetic valve and for said sensing circuit means; and an interruptible connection between the power supply means and the sensing circuit means, the interruptible connection being controlled by said valve control circuit to disable The sensing means at least during opening of said electromagnetic valve.
12. Appliance according to claim 1, wherein said sensing circuit means comprises a first timing circuit (26) and providing the first output signal after a predetermined period of time after change of resistance of said electrodes is first detected; said sensing circuit means providing said second output signal upon sensing said change of resistance of said electrodes in the opposite direction, the second output signal controlling said valve control circuit; and a second timing circuit (28) to provide said output control pulse for a flushing time period to cause the electromagnetic valve to provide flushing action.
13. Appliance according to claim 12, wherein the second change of resistance comprises reversion of the resistance to essentially its predetermined value to provide the second output signal after termination of sensing of contaminating liquid contacting the electrodes, to change their resistances.
14. Appliance according to claim 1, wherein the sanitary appliance is a urinal.
US00195645A 1970-11-12 1971-11-04 Automatically flushing sanitary appliance Expired - Lifetime US3751736A (en)

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CH1676670A CH527979A (en) 1970-11-12 1970-11-12 Electronically controlled device for automatic flushing of fixed liquid containers

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DE (1) DE2153344A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2114493A5 (en)
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IT (1) IT940475B (en)
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Cited By (19)

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US3908204A (en) * 1974-09-06 1975-09-30 Charles L Hopkins Electronic water closet controller
US4195374A (en) * 1979-05-14 1980-04-01 Acorn Engineering Co. Plumbing fixture overflow limiter
US4203173A (en) * 1979-05-14 1980-05-20 Acorn Engineering Co. Overflow inhibitor for plumbing fixtures
US4366818A (en) * 1979-10-12 1983-01-04 Kimura Bed Mfg. Company Limited Vacuum type urinating aid
US4815150A (en) * 1987-03-17 1989-03-28 Bieri Pumpenbau Ag. Double-urinal flushing apparatus and method for automatic operation
US5806107A (en) * 1997-06-05 1998-09-15 Tilton & Madison, Ltd. Splatterless urinal
US6061843A (en) * 1994-03-30 2000-05-16 Keramag Keramische Werke Ag Method for automatically triggering a flushing event
US6535134B2 (en) * 1998-04-27 2003-03-18 Edo Lang Method for the generation of an electrical signal sensor device for executing the method and the use of the sensor device
US20040041110A1 (en) * 2000-11-14 2004-03-04 Yoshiyuki Kaneko Faucet controller
WO2004090245A1 (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-10-21 Urimat Holding Ag Detection device for a urinal
US20080109956A1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-05-15 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Capacitive sensing for washroom fixture
US20100125937A1 (en) * 2008-11-24 2010-05-27 Zhongmin Chen Conductivity sensor and urinal with conductivity sensor
US20110252551A1 (en) * 2009-10-30 2011-10-20 Xiaojing Zhang Urinal installed with a conductive sensor
US20140090720A1 (en) * 2012-10-03 2014-04-03 Ching-Yen Hsu Automatic water supply control device
US20170198468A1 (en) * 2016-01-09 2017-07-13 David R. Hall Toilet with Flush Jet Fill Tube Flow Meter
CN110185113A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-08-30 中国地质大学(武汉) A kind of public lavatory man founds the control method of closet
CN110206114A (en) * 2019-07-04 2019-09-06 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 A kind of urinating bucket and blocking determination method, alarm method and flush control method
CN110498507A (en) * 2019-08-16 2019-11-26 武汉理工大学 A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage
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CN104763030A (en) * 2015-04-15 2015-07-08 厦门理工学院 Safe, intelligent and odor preventing squatting pan
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Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3908204A (en) * 1974-09-06 1975-09-30 Charles L Hopkins Electronic water closet controller
US4195374A (en) * 1979-05-14 1980-04-01 Acorn Engineering Co. Plumbing fixture overflow limiter
US4203173A (en) * 1979-05-14 1980-05-20 Acorn Engineering Co. Overflow inhibitor for plumbing fixtures
US4366818A (en) * 1979-10-12 1983-01-04 Kimura Bed Mfg. Company Limited Vacuum type urinating aid
US4443217A (en) * 1979-10-12 1984-04-17 Kimura Bed Mfg. Company Limited Suction type urinating aid
US4918762A (en) * 1987-03-17 1990-04-24 Bieri Pumpenbau Ag Double-urinal flushing apparatus and method for automatic operation
US4815150A (en) * 1987-03-17 1989-03-28 Bieri Pumpenbau Ag. Double-urinal flushing apparatus and method for automatic operation
US6061843A (en) * 1994-03-30 2000-05-16 Keramag Keramische Werke Ag Method for automatically triggering a flushing event
US5806107A (en) * 1997-06-05 1998-09-15 Tilton & Madison, Ltd. Splatterless urinal
US6535134B2 (en) * 1998-04-27 2003-03-18 Edo Lang Method for the generation of an electrical signal sensor device for executing the method and the use of the sensor device
US20040041110A1 (en) * 2000-11-14 2004-03-04 Yoshiyuki Kaneko Faucet controller
US7075768B2 (en) * 2000-11-14 2006-07-11 Toto Ltd. Faucet controller
WO2004090245A1 (en) * 2003-04-09 2004-10-21 Urimat Holding Ag Detection device for a urinal
US8381329B2 (en) 2006-10-24 2013-02-26 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Capacitive sensing for washroom fixture
US20080109956A1 (en) * 2006-10-24 2008-05-15 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Capacitive sensing for washroom fixture
US9328490B2 (en) 2006-10-24 2016-05-03 Bradley Fixtures Corporation Capacitive sensing for washroom fixture
US20100125937A1 (en) * 2008-11-24 2010-05-27 Zhongmin Chen Conductivity sensor and urinal with conductivity sensor
US8479324B2 (en) * 2008-11-24 2013-07-09 Shanghai Kohler Electronics, Ltd. Conductivity sensor and urinal with conductivity sensor
US20110252551A1 (en) * 2009-10-30 2011-10-20 Xiaojing Zhang Urinal installed with a conductive sensor
US8713721B2 (en) * 2009-10-30 2014-05-06 Shanghai Kohler Electronics, Ltd. Urinal installed with a conductive sensor
US20140090720A1 (en) * 2012-10-03 2014-04-03 Ching-Yen Hsu Automatic water supply control device
US8800960B2 (en) * 2012-10-03 2014-08-12 Ching-Yen Hsu Automatic water supply control device
US20170198468A1 (en) * 2016-01-09 2017-07-13 David R. Hall Toilet with Flush Jet Fill Tube Flow Meter
US10107665B2 (en) * 2016-01-09 2018-10-23 David R. Hall Toilet with flush jet fill tube flow meter
US11346090B2 (en) 2018-01-19 2022-05-31 As America, Inc. Automated urinal
US20220251814A1 (en) * 2018-01-19 2022-08-11 As America, Inc. Automated Urinal
US11739514B2 (en) * 2018-01-19 2023-08-29 As America, Inc. Automated urinal
CN110185113A (en) * 2019-05-17 2019-08-30 中国地质大学(武汉) A kind of public lavatory man founds the control method of closet
CN110206114A (en) * 2019-07-04 2019-09-06 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 A kind of urinating bucket and blocking determination method, alarm method and flush control method
CN110206114B (en) * 2019-07-04 2020-11-17 九牧厨卫股份有限公司 Urinal, blockage determination method, alarm method and flushing control method
CN110498507A (en) * 2019-08-16 2019-11-26 武汉理工大学 A kind of unpowered removal device of Karst mountainous rural areas sewage
CN110498507B (en) * 2019-08-16 2022-05-03 武汉理工大学 Unpowered removing device for rural sewage in karst mountain area

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2114493A5 (en) 1972-06-30
SE378124B (en) 1975-08-18
DE2153344A1 (en) 1972-05-18
IT940475B (en) 1973-02-10
GB1357599A (en) 1974-06-26
NL7115588A (en) 1972-05-16
CH527979A (en) 1972-09-15

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